CN111552095A

CN111552095A - Display device

Info

Publication number: CN111552095A
Application number: CN202010605339.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 顾跃凤; 王建栋
Original assignee: Shanghai Tianma Microelectronics Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Tianma Microelectronics Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-06-29
Filing date: 2020-06-29
Publication date: 2020-08-18

Abstract

The invention relates to a display device, which comprises a display layer, a first pixel array, a second pixel array and a third pixel array, wherein the display layer comprises a substrate base plate, and a light emergent side; the light splitting element is arranged on the display layer and is configured to adjust the light propagation paths of the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel so that the light of the first sub-pixel is emitted along a first direction, the light of the second sub-pixel is emitted along a second direction, and the first direction is intersected with the second direction; and the lens assembly is positioned on the light emitting side of the display layer, the light rays of the first sub-pixels emitted along the first direction are refracted by the lens assembly and converged to the left eye visual area, and the light rays of the second sub-pixels emitted along the second direction are refracted by the lens assembly and converged to the right eye visual area. The display device provided by the embodiment of the invention can meet the 3D display requirement, has a good display effect, and can meet the impression of a user.

Description

Display device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display device.

Background

In daily life, people observe external scenery with space stereoscopic impression through two eyes. Since the two eyes of a human can recognize a three-dimensional (3D) image effect, the two eyes have a pupil distance of about 60mm, and a positional difference between the pupil distances is binocular parallax. Two images seen by two eyes with parallax have a stereoscopic effect through the fusion of human brain visual cortex.

The naked eye 3D display technology is to make people obtain three-dimensional space feeling by utilizing the principle of binocular stereo vision, and the main principle is that the left eye and the right eye of a viewer respectively receive different images to generate a stereo effect, so that the requirements of the user are better met.

In most of the existing 3D display devices, light rays emitted from a display panel in multiple directions are directly focused through a grating, so that the light rays emitted from a left-eye pixel are directed to a left eye of a viewer, and the light rays emitted from a right-eye pixel are directed to a right eye of the viewer.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the invention provides a display device which can meet the requirement of 3D display, has a good display effect and can meet the impression of a user.

In one aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a display device, including: the display layer comprises a substrate base plate, and a first sub-pixel and a second sub-pixel which are arranged on the substrate base plate in an array mode, and the display layer is provided with a light emergent side; a light splitting element disposed on the display layer, wherein the light splitting element is configured to adjust a light propagation path of the first sub-pixel and the light propagation path of the second sub-pixel, so that the light of the first sub-pixel exits in a first direction and the light of the second sub-pixel exits in a second direction, and the first direction intersects with the second direction; and the lens assembly is positioned on the light emitting side of the display layer, the light rays of the first sub-pixels emitted along the first direction are refracted by the lens assembly and converged to a left eye visual area, and the light rays of the second sub-pixels emitted along the second direction are refracted by the lens assembly and converged to a right eye visual area.

According to the display device provided by the embodiment of the invention, as the display device comprises the display layer, the light splitting element and the lens assembly, the light splitting element is matched with the lens assembly, the light of each corresponding first sub-pixel is adjusted by the light splitting element and then emitted along the first direction, and the light of each corresponding second sub-pixel is adjusted by the light splitting element and then emitted along the second direction, so that the crosstalk area is smaller, and the condition of uneven light intensity distribution caused by grating diffraction is avoided. And the lens component only needs to refract and converge the light emitted from the first direction to the left eye visual area and refract and converge the light emitted from the second direction to the right eye visual area, so that the naked eye 3D display requirement can be met, and the display effect of the display device focused only by the grating is better. In addition, the lens assembly only needs to focus emergent rays in two directions, so that the difficulty of the preparation process is lower, and the cost of the display device can be effectively reduced.

Drawings

Features, advantages and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional structure view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an optical path diagram of light rays of a first sub-pixel and light rays of a second sub-pixel through a lens assembly according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a top view of a partial structure of a display device according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic sectional view showing a display device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the engagement of the driving member with the lens according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the engagement of a drive member with a lens according to another embodiment of the invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic sectional view showing a display device according to still another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a lens assembly of one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a lens assembly of another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a lens assembly of yet another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spectroscopic element according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic partial structure view of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spectroscopic element according to another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a plan view of a partial structure of a display device according to still another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic view of FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a spectroscopic element according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic partial structure view of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a light-splitting element according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light-splitting element according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a light modulating structure of a light splitting element according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a light-splitting element according to yet another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 23 is a partially cross-sectional schematic view of a spectroscopic element according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein:

10-a display layer; 11-a substrate base plate; 111-an array substrate; 112-a color film substrate; 1121-color resistance unit; 1122-black matrix; 113-a liquid crystal layer; 10 a-a first sub-pixel; 10 b-a second sub-pixel;

20-a light-splitting element; 21-a first light splitting unit; 211 — a first protrusion; 211 a-a first reflective surface; 211 b-first exit face; 211 c-a first connection face; 212-a first reflective layer; 213-a first light-transmissive medium;

22-a second light splitting unit; 221-a second protrusion; 221 a-a second reflective surface; 221 b-a second exit face; 221 c-second connection face; 222-a second reflective layer; 223-a second light-transmitting medium;

23-a light modulating structure; 231-substructure; 232-acting surface;

24-a light deflecting structure; 241-an incident medium; 242-an exit medium; 243-interface surface;

25-a first light-transmitting medium layer;

30-a lens assembly; 31-a lens; 32-a diaphragm; 311-surface;

40-a drive member; 50-a first control module; 60-eye tracking module; 70-light-blocking layer; 71-a first light blocking unit; 72-a second light blocking unit;

80-a transfer structure; 81-gear; 82-a rack;

90-a support frame;

x-a first direction; y-a second direction; w-thickness direction; m-the transverse direction; n-longitudinal direction.

In the drawings, like parts are provided with like reference numerals. The figures are not drawn to scale.

Detailed Description

Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below, and in order to make objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention.

It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

It will be understood that when a layer, region or layer is referred to as being "on" or "over" another layer, region or layer in describing the structure of the component, it can be directly on the other layer, region or layer or intervening layers or regions may also be present. Also, if the component is turned over, one layer or region may be "under" or "beneath" another layer or region.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. A display device according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 23.

The display device provided in the embodiment of the present invention may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), or other types of display devices such as an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED) and a Micro-LED.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the display device may include a display layer 10, a light splitting element 20, and a lens assembly 30. The display layer 10 includes a substrate 11, and first and second sub-pixels 10a and 10b arranged in an array on the substrate 11, and the display layer 10 has a light-emitting side. The light splitting element 20 is disposed on the display layer 10, and the light splitting element 20 is configured to adjust the light propagation paths of the first sub-pixel 10a and the second sub-pixel 10b, so that the light of the first sub-pixel 10a exits along a first direction X, the light of the second sub-pixel 10b exits along a second direction Y, and the first direction X intersects with the second direction Y. The lens assembly 30 is located on the light emitting side of the display layer 10, the light of the first sub-pixel 10a emitted along the first direction X is refracted by the lens assembly 30 and converged to the left eye viewing area, and the light of the second sub-pixel 10b emitted along the second direction Y is refracted by the lens assembly 30 and converged to the right eye viewing area, so as to meet the naked eye 3D display requirement of the display device.

According to the display device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the light splitting element 20 can adjust the path of the light of each corresponding first sub-pixel 10a and then emit the light along the first direction X, and adjust the path of the light of each corresponding second sub-pixel 10b and then emit the light along the second direction Y, so that the crosstalk area is small, and the situation of uneven light intensity distribution caused by grating diffraction is avoided. And the lens assembly 30 only needs to refract and converge the light emitted from the first direction X to the left eye visual area, and refract and converge the light emitted from the second direction Y to the right eye visual area, so that the naked eye 3D display requirement can be met, and the display effect is better compared with a display device focused only by a grating. In addition, since the lens assembly 30 only needs to focus the emergent light rays in two directions, the difficulty of the preparation process is lower, and the cost of the display device can be effectively reduced.

Alternatively, the display device may be an OLED display device, and the display layer 10 may be an OLED display panel. The OLED display panel may include an array substrate 111, which may also be referred to as a substrate 11, where the array substrate 111 includes a pixel driving circuit and an anode, and the OLED display panel further includes a cathode disposed opposite to the anode and an organic light emitting unit disposed between the anode and the cathode, and the organic light emitting unit implements light emitting display under driving of the anode and the cathode.

Referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4 together, it is understood that in some examples, the display device may also be an LCD, and for better understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the display device may be an LCD. The display layer 10 may be a liquid crystal display panel, and includes an array substrate 111 (also referred to as a substrate 11), a color filter substrate 112, a liquid crystal layer 113 located between the array substrate 111 and the color filter substrate 112, and a backlight source (not shown in the figure) located on a side of the array substrate 111 away from the color filter substrate 112. The color filter substrate 112 may include color resistance units 1121 disposed corresponding to the sub-pixels, and a black matrix 1122 between adjacent color resistance units 1121. The orthographic projection of the color resistance unit 1121 on the array substrate 111 overlaps with the orthographic projection of each sub-pixel on the array substrate 111.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 5, the plurality of first sub-pixels 10a may include first sub-pixels 10a of at least three different colors, and the plurality of second sub-pixels 10b may include second sub-pixels 10b of at least three different colors. So as to realize the colorized display of the display device. Specifically, the first sub-pixel 10a includes at least red, green, and blue sub-pixels, for example, a first red sub-pixel, a first green sub-pixel, and a first blue sub-pixel. The second sub-pixel 10b includes at least red, green and blue sub-pixels, for example, a second red sub-pixel, a second green sub-pixel and a second blue sub-pixel.

For an LCD, each sub-pixel realizes a colorized display through the color resistance unit 1121 of the color filter substrate 112, and then the color resistance unit 1121 may include a first red color resistance unit, a first green color resistance unit, and a first blue color resistance unit, which are respectively disposed on the corresponding first red sub-pixel, first green sub-pixel, and first blue sub-pixel. For the OLED display device, the organic light emitting unit can directly emit light of different colors without passing through the color resistance unit 1121.

Referring to fig. 3 and fig. 4, alternatively, the first sub-pixels 10a and the second sub-pixels 10b may be alternately arranged along the transverse direction M on the surface parallel to the substrate 11. Further, in the plane, the first sub-pixels 10a may be adjacently disposed and continuously arranged in the longitudinal direction N, the second sub-pixels 10b may be adjacently disposed and continuously arranged in the longitudinal direction, and the transverse direction M intersects with the longitudinal direction N, for example, the transverse direction is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. Alternatively, the first sub-pixels 10a and the second sub-pixels 10b may be alternately arranged in sequence along the longitudinal direction. The first sub-pixels 10a and the second sub-pixels 10b are sequentially and alternately arranged, so that the first sub-pixels 10a and the second sub-pixels 10b can be uniformly distributed on the display layer 10, the display size of the display layer 10 can be better utilized, the quantity of light emitted by the first sub-pixels 10a and the quantity of light emitted by the second sub-pixels 10b on the light emitting side of the display layer 10 are balanced, the light in two directions can be focused by the lens assembly 30 and transmitted to the two eyes of a viewer, the uniformity of the display effect is good, and the viewer has better impression.

Optionally, in the display device provided in each of the above embodiments, the light splitting element 20 may be disposed on the light emitting side of the display layer 10 and located between the display layer 10 and the lens assembly 30, and the light path of each first sub-pixel 10a may be adjusted by the light splitting element 20 to be emitted along the first direction X, and the light path of each second sub-pixel 10b may be adjusted to be emitted along the second direction Y.

In some optional embodiments, a side of the lens assembly 30 facing the light splitting element 20 in the thickness direction W may be a flat surface, and a side away from the light splitting element 20 may be an arc surface and protrudes toward a side away from the light splitting element 20, which not only facilitates connection between the lens assembly 30 and the light splitting element 20, ensures that the lens assembly 30 collects light emitted in the first direction X and light emitted in the second direction Y, but also reduces difficulty in processing and manufacturing the lens 31.

Referring to fig. 5, as an alternative embodiment, in the display device provided in the above embodiments of the present invention, the lens assembly 30 may include more than two lenses 31, and the more than two lenses 31 are sequentially disposed in the thickness direction W of the substrate base 11. By arranging more than two lenses 31, the light rays of the first sub-pixel 10a emitted from the first direction X and the light rays of the second sub-pixel 10b emitted from the second direction Y can be converged together, and naked eye 3D display is realized. By combining a plurality of lenses 31, the difficulty in manufacturing the individual lenses 31 can be further reduced, making the manufacturing more advantageous. Moreover, through the arrangement of the two or more lenses 31, the aberration can be eliminated, so that the display device has a better display effect.

Optionally, the display device provided in each of the above embodiments further includes a driving member 40, and the driving member 40 is connected to at least one lens 31 to drive the lens 31 to move back and forth in the thickness direction W. Through the arrangement, the lens assembly can move in the thickness direction W by adjusting the at least one lens 31, so that the integral focal length of the lens assembly 30 can be adjusted, the viewpoint of the display device can be adjusted, the requirements of different viewpoint positions can be met, and the application of the display device is wider.

As an alternative implementation manner, in the display device provided in each of the above embodiments, the two or more lenses 31 may be a combination of a convex lens 31 and a concave lens 31, and both the lens 31 disposed near the light splitting element 20 and the lens 31 disposed far from the light splitting element 20 are the convex lenses 31. Through the arrangement, the whole light condensation effect of the lens assembly 30 can be ensured, so that the light emitted from the first direction X and the light emitted from the second direction Y can be focused towards the directions close to each other, the light condensation effect of the lens assembly 30 is ensured, and the naked eye 3D display requirement is better met.

With continued reference to fig. 5, for a better understanding of the embodiment of the present invention, the lens assembly 30 including three lenses 31 will be illustrated. The three lenses 31 are sequentially arranged in the thickness direction W of the substrate base 11, and the three lenses 31 are sequentially a convex lens, a concave lens, and a convex lens in the thickness direction W and on the side away from the substrate base 11, and the lens 31 arranged close to the substrate base 11 may be stacked on the spectroscopic element 20 and connected to the spectroscopic element 20, and may be connected by means of bonding or the like. In the thickness direction W, a space may be provided between adjacent two lenses 31 to provide a movable space for the lenses 31.

In some alternative examples, the driving member 40 may be connected to the lens 31 located in the middle, and the focal length of the entire lens assembly 30 is changed by driving the lens 31 located in the middle to move in the thickness direction W, so that the display device can meet the display requirements at different viewpoints.

In some alternative embodiments, the driving component 40 may employ a driving motor, and the output end of the driving motor is directly or indirectly connected to one or more lenses 31, so as to drive the lenses 31 to move along the thickness direction W. Optionally, the driving motor can be a stepping motor, the control precision is high, the displacement adjusting precision of the lens 31 is guaranteed, and the display effect is guaranteed better.

Referring also to fig. 6, in some alternative embodiments, the driving member 40 may be a rotating motor or a linear motor, and in the case of the rotating motor, the output end of the rotating motor may be provided with a switching structure 80 to convert the rotation of the rotating motor into a movement along a linear direction. For example, the adapting structure 80 may include a gear 81 and a rack 82 engaged with the gear 81, one side of the rack 82 away from the gear 81 may be connected to the lens 31 to be moved, the output end of the driving member 40 is connected to the gear 81, and the rack 82 is rotated by the gear 81 to reciprocate in a straight line in the thickness direction W, so as to meet the requirement of the position movement of the corresponding lens 31 in the thickness direction W.

Alternatively, when the rotary motor is a linear motor, it may directly drive the corresponding lens 31 to reciprocate linearly in the thickness direction W.

Optionally, in order to better control the movement of the lens 31, a side of the lens 31 away from the driving part 40 may be connected to the corresponding support 90, and the lens 31 may be slidably connected to the support 90, so as to ensure that when the lens 31 is adjusted in position, the support 90 can provide guidance, so as to ensure smooth operation of the lens 31, which is more beneficial to adjusting the viewpoint of the display device.

Referring to fig. 7, it is understood that the driving unit 40 employs a driving motor, but is not limited to the above, and in some embodiments, the driving unit 40 may employ a telescopic cylinder, and the telescopic cylinder is directly or indirectly connected to the corresponding lens 31, and the telescopic cylinder extends and contracts in the thickness direction W, so as to also meet the requirement of adjusting the position of the corresponding lens 31 in the thickness direction W, and further achieve the focal length adjustment of the entire lens assembly 30.

As an alternative implementation manner, in the display device provided by each of the above embodiments of the present invention, in the thickness direction W of the substrate base plate 11, each lens 31 has two opposite surfaces 311, wherein one surface 311 may be a flat surface or an arc surface, and the other surface 311 is an arc surface. Through the arrangement, each lens 31 can be a full-face lens, the difficulty of the preparation process is lower, and the processing and manufacturing cost of the display device can be reduced on the basis of meeting the naked eye 3D display requirement.

Alternatively, in the display device provided in each of the above embodiments of the present invention, the lens 31 disposed near the light splitting element 20 may have a surface 311 away from the light splitting element 20 protruding toward the light splitting element 20, and through the above arrangement, the light condensing effect can be better satisfied.

Referring to fig. 8, in some optional embodiments, the display device provided in the above embodiments may further include a first control module 50 and an eye tracking module 60, the driving component 40 is connected to the first control module 50, the eye tracking module 60 is configured to obtain left eye position information and right eye position information of the viewer, and the first control module 50 is configured to control the driving component 40 according to the left eye position information and the right eye position information to adjust the focal length to a predetermined value. Through the arrangement, the position of the corresponding lens 31 can be adjusted automatically according to the left eye position information and the right eye position information of the viewer, so that the integral focal length of the lens assembly 30 can meet the viewpoint requirement, and the use requirement of the viewer can be better met.

Referring to fig. 9, the lens assembly 30 of the above embodiments of the present invention is exemplified by three lenses 31, but it should be understood that this is an alternative embodiment, but not limited to the above, the number of the lens assemblies 30 is not limited to three, for example, in some embodiments, the number of the lens assemblies 30 may be six, six lens assemblies 30 are sequentially arranged in the thickness direction W, and there may be a space between at least two lenses 31 to provide a space for the movement of the lenses 31.

Optionally, when the number of the lenses 31 included in the lens assembly 30 is six, the lenses may be divided into two groups, the number of the lenses 31 included in the two groups may be the same, the two groups may be arranged oppositely and have an interval therebetween, each group may include two convex lenses 31 and one concave lens 31, and through the above arrangement, the light incident in the first direction X may be focused and the light incident in the second direction Y may be focused, so as to meet the requirement of naked-eye 3D display.

Referring to fig. 9 to 11, alternatively, the lens assembly 30 of the display device according to the above embodiments of the present invention can focus the light beams with different incident angles according to the requirement, for example, as shown in fig. 9, after the light beam is split by the lens assembly 30, the light beam emitted in the first direction X and the light beam emitted in the second direction Y are focused respectively as the light beam with an oblique incident angle of 5 ° relative to the parallel light beam. Of course, as shown in fig. 10, the lens assembly 30 may focus the light emitted in the first direction X and the light emitted in the second direction Y into light beams having an oblique incident angle of 10 ° with respect to the parallel light beams after the light splitting element 20 splits the light beams. Alternatively, as shown in fig. 11, the lens assembly 30 may focus the light emitted from the light splitting element 20 in the first direction X and the light emitted from the light splitting element in the second direction Y respectively as light rays having an oblique incident angle of 20 ° with respect to the parallel light, and set the two focal points in the left eye viewing area and the right eye viewing area of the viewer correspondingly, so as to be better suitable for the display requirements of the display device with small size and small angle, large size and small angle, and small size and small angle.

With continued reference to fig. 9 to fig. 11, as an alternative embodiment, the lens assembly 30 according to the above embodiments of the present invention further includes a diaphragm 32, and the diaphragm 32 is disposed between any two of the lenses 31. The diaphragm 32 can limit the incident light, so that the display has a better 3D display effect. For example, when the number of lenses 31 included in the lens assembly 30 is six and divided into two groups, the diaphragm 32 may be disposed between the two groups of lenses 31.

As an optional implementation manner, in the display device provided in each of the above embodiments of the present invention, the number of the lenses 31 included in the lens assembly 30 may be set according to a focal length and a projection angle of the light preset by the entire lens assembly 30, as long as it is ensured that the light emitted in the first direction X and the light emitted in the second direction Y can be focused and then incident to both eyes of a person, and it is ensured that the naked-eye 3D display requirement is met.

Referring to fig. 12 and fig. 13 together, in an alternative display device according to the above embodiments of the present invention, the light splitting element 20 may adopt various structural forms, and in some alternative examples, the light splitting element 20 includes a first light splitting unit 21 disposed corresponding to the first sub-pixel 10a and a second light splitting unit 22 disposed corresponding to the second sub-pixel 10 b. The light of each first sub-pixel 10a is refracted and/or reflected by the first light splitting unit 21 disposed opposite to each other and is emitted along the first direction X, and the light of each second sub-pixel 10b is refracted and/or reflected by the second light splitting unit 22 disposed opposite to each other and is emitted along the second direction Y. The light splitting element 20 is configured as described above, and can emit light in the first direction X by changing the light path of the first sub-pixel 10a by the first light splitting unit 21 provided corresponding to the first sub-pixel 10a, and can emit light in the second direction Y by changing the light path of the second sub-pixel 10b by the second light splitting unit 22 provided corresponding to the second sub-pixel 10 b. The lens assembly 30 can gather two beams of light more conveniently, and the requirement of the display device for realizing 3D display is better met.

As an alternative implementation manner, in the display device provided in each of the above embodiments, the first light splitting unit 21 of the light splitting element 20 may include a first protrusion 211 and a first reflection layer 212, the second light splitting unit 22 includes a second protrusion 221 and a second reflection layer 222, and both the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 protrude toward the side away from the substrate 11.

Optionally, the first protrusion 211 has a first reflection surface 211a and a first exit surface 211b, the first reflection surface 211a intersects with the substrate 11, the first reflection layer 212 is disposed on the first reflection surface 211a, an orthographic projection of the first reflection surface 211a on the substrate 11 overlaps with an orthographic projection of the corresponding first sub-pixel 10a on the substrate 11, and a light ray emitted by the first sub-pixel 10a can exit from the first exit surface 211b after being reflected by the first reflection surface 211 a.

Optionally, the second protrusion 221 has a second reflection surface 221a and a second exit surface 221b, the second reflection surface 221a intersects with the substrate 11, the second reflection layer 222 is disposed on the second reflection surface 221a, an orthogonal projection of the second reflection surface 221a on the substrate 11 overlaps with an orthogonal projection of the corresponding second sub-pixel 10b on the substrate 11, and a light ray emitted by the second sub-pixel 10b can be reflected by the second reflection surface 221a and then exit from the second exit surface 221b, where the first reflection surface 211a and the second reflection surface 221a are inclined in opposite directions.

According to the display device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first reflecting surface 211a and the second reflecting surface 221a respectively reflect the light rays, so that the light rays are emitted towards two different directions through the first emitting surface 211b and the second emitting surface 221b, the middle crosstalk area can be effectively reduced, the focusing difficulty of the convex lens component is reduced, the display device can meet the naked eye 3D display requirement, and the display effect is ensured.

In some embodiments, the first sub-pixels 10a and the second sub-pixels 10b are alternately arranged, for example, they may be alternately arranged in the transverse direction M, in some alternative embodiments, the direction in which the two eyes of the viewer are arranged may be defined as the transverse direction M, and accordingly, the first light splitting unit 21 and the second light splitting unit 22 are also alternately arranged in the transverse direction M corresponding to the first sub-pixels 10a and the second sub-pixels 10 b. The light beams emitted from the adjacent first sub-pixel 10a and second sub-pixel 10b are respectively emitted to two directions through the first light splitting unit 21 and the second light splitting unit 22, so that the quantity of the light beams facing to the two directions is balanced, and the consistency of the display effect of the two pictures is ensured.

Optionally, the number of the first red sub-pixel, the first green sub-pixel, and the first blue sub-pixel included in the first sub-pixel 10a is the same as the number of the same-color sub-pixels of the second red sub-pixel, the second green sub-pixel, and the second blue sub-pixel included in the second sub-pixel 10b, so as to ensure that the display effects of the pictures at the two viewing angles are the same. After the light of each first red sub-pixel, first green sub-pixel and first blue sub-pixel is emitted by the corresponding first light splitting unit 21, the directions of the light are the same, and after the light of each second red sub-pixel, second green sub-pixel and second blue sub-pixel is emitted by the corresponding second light splitting unit 22, the directions of the light are the same, so as to prevent color cast.

In some optional embodiments, in the display device provided in each of the above embodiments, the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 may be both of a prism structure, and a cross section of the first protrusion 211 may have an apex angle θ₁And the first isosceles triangle having a bottom angle of α, the second protrusion 221 may have a cross-section with a top angle of θ₂And a second isosceles triangle with a base angle of β, the first reflective layer 212 is disposed on the side where the base of the first isosceles triangle formed by the cross section of the first protrusion 211 is located, and the second reflective layer 222 is disposed on the side where the base of the second isosceles triangle formed by the cross section of the second protrusion 221 is located.

With this arrangement, it can be ensured that the light reflected by the first reflection surface 211a of the first sub-pixel 10a is vertically incident on the first exit surface 211b and is emitted to the outside of the first protrusion 211 perpendicular to the first exit surface 211b, and the light reflected by the second reflection surface 221a of the second sub-pixel 10b is vertically incident on the second exit surface 221b and is emitted to the outside of the second protrusion 221 perpendicular to the second exit surface 221 b. In this embodiment, the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 are set to be isosceles triangles, so that the preparation difficulty can be simplified, the areas of the first reflecting surface 211a and the second reflecting surface 221a can be relatively increased, and the light emitting efficiency can be improved.

As an alternative implementation manner, in the display device provided in each of the above implementations, the vertex angle of the first isosceles triangle may be any value between greater than 0 ° and equal to or less than 60 °, including the 60 ° end value. Optionally, the vertex angle of the first isosceles triangle is greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 45 ° and the vertex angle of the second isosceles triangle may be greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 60 °, including the 60 ° end value, and optionally, the vertex angle of the second isosceles triangle is greater than 0 ° and less than or equal to 45 °. Through the arrangement, the mutual crosstalk of the light rays of the adjacent first protrusion 211 and second protrusion 221 can be prevented, and the light rays emitted from the first protrusion 211 or the second protrusion 221 are prevented from entering the second protrusion 221 or the first protrusion 211.

In some embodiments, the first sub-pixel 10a and the second sub-pixel 10b of the display layer 10 are uniform in shape and size. The sizes of the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 may be the same, that is, the first isosceles triangle and the second isosceles triangle may be the same, and the vertex angle θ of the first isosceles triangle may be the same₁The vertex angle theta of the second isosceles triangle₂The values of (a) may be equal.

Referring to fig. 12 and 13, taking the adjacent first light splitting unit 21 and the second light splitting unit 22 as an example, in order to ensure that the light emitted from the first protrusion 211 of the first light splitting unit 21 does not enter the second protrusion 221 of the adjacent second light splitting unit 22, the light emitted from the leftmost side of the first sub-pixel 10a corresponding to the first light splitting unit 21 enters the first reflection surface 211a, and after being reflected by the first reflection surface 211a and emitted from the first emission surface 211b, should be located at the edge of the second protrusion 221 of the second light splitting unit 22 away from the substrate 11. Assuming that the length of the orthographic projection of the first reflection surface 211a of the first isosceles triangle facing the substrate 11 is a, the length of the orthographic projection of the first emission surface 211b facing the substrate 11 is b, and the first isosceles triangle facing the substrateThe length of the orthographic projection of the substrate 11 side is L, and can be known from the geometric formula: cos (Pi-2 theta)₁)＝b/(a+b)＝1-a/L＝1-2cos²((π-θ₁) 2) from this formula, θ₁60 degrees. Therefore, as long as the vertex angle θ of the first isosceles triangle is₁Satisfies the condition that theta is less than 0 DEG₁The vertex angle theta of the second isosceles triangle is less than or equal to 60 degrees₂Satisfies the following conditions: 0 DEG < theta₂The angle is less than or equal to 60 degrees, namely, the light emitted by the adjacent first light splitting unit 21 and the second light splitting unit 22 can be ensured not to be interfered.

With continuing reference to fig. 12 and fig. 13, in some alternative embodiments, the display device provided in each of the above embodiments further includes a light blocking layer 70, the light blocking layer 70 is sandwiched between the display layer 10 and the light splitting element 20 or located in the display layer 10, the light blocking layer 70 includes a first light blocking unit 71 disposed corresponding to the first sub-pixel 10a and a second light blocking unit 72 disposed corresponding to the second sub-pixel 10b, in a direction perpendicular to the substrate 11, or in a thickness direction W of the substrate 11, a forward projection of the first light blocking unit 71 and the first light splitting element 20 on the substrate 11 at least partially coincide, and a forward projection of the second light blocking unit 72 and the second light splitting element 20 on the substrate 11 at least partially coincide.

By disposing the light blocking layer 70, a part of the light emitted from the first sub-pixel 10a can be blocked by the first light blocking unit 71, and another part of the light can be reflected by the first reflection surface 211a disposed with the first reflection layer 212 and then emitted from the first emission surface 211 b. The light emitted from the second sub-pixel 10b may be partially blocked by the second light blocking unit 72, and another part of the light may be reflected by the second reflecting surface 221a provided with the second reflecting layer 222 and then emitted from the second emitting surface 221 b. The first reflection layer 212 and the second reflection layer 222 are respectively disposed on the first reflection surface 211a and the second reflection surface 221a, so that the light-emitting efficiency of the display device can be prevented from being affected by the refraction of the light rays on the first reflection surface 211a and the second reflection surface 221a, the light-blocking layer 70 can block the light rays directly emitted by the first sub-pixel 10a and the second sub-pixel 10b of the display layer 10 to the first exit surface 211b and the second exit surface 221b, and prevent the light rays from affecting the display effect, so as to better ensure that the light rays of the first sub-pixel 10a are respectively emitted along the first direction X after passing through the light splitting element 20 and the light rays of the second sub-pixel 10b are respectively emitted along the second direction Y after passing through the light splitting element 20, reduce the light-gathering difficulty of the lens assembly 30, and better ensure the naked-eye 3D display effect of the display device.

In some alternative embodiments, the orthographic projection of the first reflective layer 212 on the substrate base plate 11 is adjacent to the orthographic projection of the first light blocking unit 71 on the substrate base plate 11. In other embodiments, an orthographic projection of the second reflective layer 222 on the substrate base 11 is adjacent to an orthographic projection of the second light blocking unit 72 on the substrate base 11. By "abutting" herein is meant that the two edges are immediately adjacent and do not overlap.

The edges of the orthographic projections of the first and second

reflective layers

212 and 222 on the substrate base 11 are just adjacent to the edges of the orthographic projections of the corresponding first and second

light blocking units

71 and 72 on the substrate base 11. So as to ensure that the light emitted from the first sub-pixel 10a only to the first reflection surface 211a covered by the first reflection layer 212 can be emitted through the first emission surface 211b after being reflected by the first reflection surface 211a, and the light emitted from the second sub-pixel 10b only to the second reflection surface 221a covered by the second reflection layer 222 can be emitted through the second emission surface 221b after being reflected by the second reflection surface 221a, thereby reducing crosstalk between light beams and improving the light splitting effect of the light splitting element 20.

Referring to fig. 14, as an alternative implementation manner, in the display device provided in each of the above embodiments, the first protrusion 211 of the first light splitting element 20 may further include a first connection surface 211c, the first connection surface 211c connects the first reflection surface 211a and the first emission surface 211b, and an area ratio of a forward projection of the first connection surface 211c on the substrate base 11 to a forward projection of the first protrusion 211 on the substrate base 11 is less than 5%. Therefore, the area of the first connection surface 211c is prevented from being too large, and a part of the light emitted by the first sub-pixel 10a is emitted through the first connection surface 211c and then has a lot of light crosstalk, which affects the display effect. The first connection surface 211c is disposed such that the connection manner between the first reflection surface 211a and the first emission surface 211b is transition connection, which can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the light splitting element 20.

In some alternative embodiments, the orthographic projection of the light blocking layer 70 on the substrate base plate 11 may cover the orthographic projection of the first connection face 211c on the substrate base plate 11, and may completely prevent a portion of the light emitted by the first sub-pixel 10a from exiting toward the first connection face 211c, thereby improving the display effect of the dual viewing angles.

As an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 14, in the display device provided in the above embodiments, the second protrusion 221 may include a second connection surface 221c, the second connection surface 221c connects the second reflection surface 221a and the second emission surface 221b, and an area ratio of an orthographic projection of the second connection surface 221c on the substrate 11 to an orthographic projection of the second protrusion 221 on the substrate 11 is less than 5%. Therefore, the area of the second connection surface 221c is prevented from being too large, and a part of light emitted by the second sub-pixel 10b is emitted through the second connection surface 221c to generate more light crosstalk, which affects the display effect. The second connection surface 221c is disposed such that the connection manner between the second reflection surface 221a and the second emission surface 221b is transition connection, which can also reduce the difficulty in manufacturing the light splitting element 20.

Further, in some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the light-blocking layer 70 on the substrate 11 may cover the orthographic projection of the second connection surface 221c on the substrate 11, and may completely prevent a portion of light emitted by the second sub-pixel 10b from exiting toward the second connection surface 221c, thereby improving the display effect of the dual viewing angles.

In some alternative embodiments, it should be noted that the shape of the first connection surface 211c and the second connection surface 221c is not limited in the present invention, and may be a plane or a curved surface.

Referring to fig. 15 and fig. 16, in the display device provided in each of the above embodiments, the light blocking layer 70 may be a light absorbing material layer such as black glue or black ink, or may be a light reflecting material layer such as a metal layer. The light blocking layer 70 may be a separately disposed layer sandwiched between the display layer 10 and the light splitting element 20. In other embodiments, the black matrix 1122 in the color filter substrate 112 of the liquid crystal display panel may be multiplexed as the light blocking layer 70 as long as the performance requirements thereof can be met.

Referring to fig. 17 and fig. 18 together, it is understood that the light splitting element 20 of the display device provided in the above embodiment is only an alternative embodiment, but is not limited to the above embodiment. In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 17 and 18, the light splitting element 20 is disposed in a manner substantially the same as the light splitting element 20 of the above embodiments, and it may also be disposed on the light emitting side of the display layer 10 and between the display layer 10 and the lens assembly 30. And includes a first light splitting unit 21 disposed corresponding to the first sub-pixel 10a and a second light splitting unit 22 disposed corresponding to the second sub-pixel 10b, the light of each first sub-pixel 10a is refracted and/or reflected by the oppositely disposed first light splitting unit 21 and respectively emitted in the first direction X, and the light of each second sub-pixel 10b is refracted and/or reflected by the oppositely disposed second light splitting unit 22 and respectively emitted in the second direction Y. The first light splitting unit 22 includes a first protrusion 211 and a first reflective layer 212, and the second light splitting unit 22 includes a second protrusion 221 and a second reflective layer 222, and the structural forms of the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221, and the arrangement manners of the first reflective layer 212 and the second reflective layer 222 are substantially the same as those of the above embodiments, and the description of the same parts is omitted.

Optionally, the light-blocking layer 70 may not be disposed in this example, the first protrusion 211 may be an isosceles triangle with a base angle of α, and the second protrusion 221 may be an isosceles triangle with a base angle of β, the first light-transmitting medium 213 may be disposed on a side of the first exit surface 211b away from the substrate 11, and a plane of the first exit surface 211b and the substrate 11 form a first angle θ₁Provided, the refractive index n of the first protrusion 211₁Refractive index n of first light-transmitting medium 213₂At a first angle theta₁Satisfies the following conditions: theta₁≥arcsin(n₂/n₁). With the above arrangement, a part of the light emitted by the first sub-pixel 10a can be reflected by the first reflection surface 211a and then emitted from the first emission surface 211b, and a part of the light can enter the first emission surface 211b, because the included angle between the part of the light and the normal of the first emission surface 211b is θ₁And satisfies theta₁≥arcsin(n₂/n₁) Thus, θ₁Greater than the critical angle of the first exit surface 211b, total reflection occurs at the first exit surface 211b,the loss of light energy is avoided, and the part of light is totally reflected on the first emergent surface 211b, reflected by the first reflecting surface 211a and the first protrusion 211 close to the bottom surface of the substrate 11, and then emitted from the first emergent surface 211 b.

Optionally, a second light-transmitting medium 223 may be disposed on a side of the second exit surface 221b away from the substrate 11, and a plane of the second exit surface 221b and the substrate 11 form a second angle θ₂Provided, the refractive index n of the second protrusion 221₃Refractive index n of the second light-transmitting medium 223₄To a second angle theta₂Satisfies the following conditions: theta₂≥arcsin(n₄/n₃). With the above arrangement, part of the light emitted by the second sub-pixel 10b can be reflected by the second reflecting surface 221a and then emitted from the second emitting surface 221b, and a part of the light can enter the second emitting surface 221b, because the included angle between the part of the light and the normal of the second emitting surface 221b is θ₂And satisfies theta₂≥arcsin(n₄/n₃). Thus, θ₂The total reflection is generated at the second exit surface 221b more than the critical angle of the second exit surface 221b, so as to avoid the loss of light energy, and the part of the light is reflected at the second exit surface 221b, reflected by the second reflection surface 221a and the bottom surface of the second protrusion 221 close to the substrate 11, and then exits from the second exit surface 221 b.

Since the first reflecting surface 211a of the first light splitting unit 21 is inclined in the opposite direction to the second reflecting surface 221a of the first light splitting unit 22, so as to ensure that the light reflected by the first reflection surface 211a of the first sub-pixel 10a and the light reflected by the second reflection surface 221a of the second sub-pixel 10b exit in different directions, the light exiting from the first emission surface 211b after the first sub-pixel 10a totally reflects on the first emission surface 211b and then reflects on other interfaces and the light exiting from the second emission surface 221b after the second sub-pixel 10b totally reflects on the second emission surface 221b and then reflects on other interfaces exit in different directions, further, it can be reliably ensured that the light of the first sub-pixel 10a is emitted from the first direction X after passing through the light splitting element 20, and the light of the second sub-pixel 10b is emitted from the second direction Y after passing through the light splitting element 20.

Alternatively, the first angle θ₁Satisfies the following conditions: 0 DEG < theta₁Is less than or equal to 45 degrees. Second angle theta₂Satisfies the following conditions: 0 DEG < theta₂The angle is less than or equal to 45 degrees, the mutual crosstalk of the light rays emitted by the adjacent first light splitting unit 21 and the second light splitting unit 22 can be better prevented, and the light rays emitted from the first light splitting unit 21 are prevented from entering the second light splitting unit 22 or the light rays emitted from the second light splitting unit 22 are prevented from entering the first light splitting unit 21.

It is understood that, in the above embodiments of the present invention, the first light splitting units 21 of the light splitting elements 20 are in the form of structures including the first protrusions 211 and the first reflective layers 212, and the second light splitting units 22 are in the form of structures including the second protrusions 221 and the second reflective layers 222, which is an alternative implementation, but not limited to the above implementation.

Referring to fig. 19 to 21, in some embodiments, at least one of the first light splitting unit 21 and the second light splitting unit 22 may include a light modulation structure 23, the light modulation structure 23 includes a plurality of sub-structures 231 periodically arranged along a plane parallel to the substrate 11 and extending away from the substrate 11, and the plurality of sub-structures 231 have a plurality of active surfaces 232 for changing the emitting direction of the light incident on the light modulation structure 23. By enabling at least one of the first light splitting unit 21 and the second light splitting unit 22 to include the light modulation structure 23, the acting surface 232 of the substructure 231 in the light modulation structure 23 can change the propagation direction of light, and the direction of light emitted from the first light splitting unit 21 can be different from that of light emitted from the second light splitting unit 22, so that light of the first sub-pixel 10a is emitted in the first direction X after passing through the light splitting element 20, and light of the second sub-pixel 10b is emitted in the second direction Y after passing through the light splitting element 20.

For example, as shown in fig. 20, the light incident in the P1 direction changes to propagate toward the P2 direction at the action surface 232. When a light ray is incident on the action surface 232 at a certain angle, the light ray is reflected or diffracted at the action surface 232 to change the propagation direction of the light ray. Specifically, the light modulation structure 23 is at least one of a volume grating and a reflective array structure.

Optionally, at least one of the first light splitting unit 21 and the second light splitting unit 22 includes a light deflecting structure 24, and both the light modulating structure 23 and the light deflecting structure 24 can change the propagation direction of the light. Optionally, the light deflecting structure 24 includes an incident medium 241 and an exit medium 242 having different refractive indexes, the incident medium 241 and the exit medium 242 are sequentially disposed along the thickness direction W of the substrate base 11 and define an interface 243 disposed at an acute angle with the substrate base 11, and the interface 243 changes the exit direction of the light incident to the light deflecting structure 24.

Alternatively, incident medium 241 may form a protrusion facing away from substrate base plate 11, and exit medium 242 may form a protrusion facing substrate base plate 11 that mates with incident medium 241 and contacts to form interface 243. The incident medium 241 has a surface facing and parallel to the base substrate 11. The exit medium 242 has a surface facing away from and parallel to the base substrate 11. When the light reaches the interface 243, since the interface 243 is disposed at an angle with respect to the substrate 11, and the refractive indexes of the incident medium 241 and the exit medium 242 on both sides of the interface are different, the light is refracted from the incident medium 241 to the exit medium 242 via the interface 243 and is deflected, that is, the propagation direction of the light in the exit medium 242 is different from the propagation direction in the incident medium 241. Since the surface of the exit medium 242 facing away from the exit surface is parallel to the exit surface, when the refractive index of the exit medium 242 is different from the refractive index of the medium facing away from the incident medium 241 and adjacent to the exit medium 242, the light exits from the exit medium 242 and is refracted, and the propagation direction of the light is deflected. The adjustment requirement of the path of the light is met.

In some alternative embodiments, the incident medium 241 may be a right-angle prism, which includes two perpendicular surfaces and an inclined surface connecting the two perpendicular surfaces, one of the two perpendicular surfaces is parallel to the substrate base plate 11 and the other perpendicular to the substrate base plate 11, and the inclined surface is the interface 243. The incident medium 241 may be made of a light-transmissive organic material, such as polyimide, polycarbonate, or polymethyl methacrylate. In other embodiments, the material of incident medium 241 may be a transparent inorganic material, such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, etc. Through the arrangement, the adjustment requirement of the ray path can be better met.

Optionally, the emergent medium 242 may also be a right-angle prism structure and have two perpendicular-to-perpendicular right-angle surfaces and an inclined surface connecting the two perpendicular-to-perpendicular right-angle surfaces, where one of the perpendicular-to-perpendicular right-angle surfaces is parallel to the emergent surface and the other perpendicular-to-emergent surface, and the inclined surface of the emergent medium 242 contacts the inclined surface of the incident medium 241 to form an interface 243. The material of the emission medium 242 may be a light-transmitting organic material, such as polyimide, polycarbonate, or polymethyl methacrylate.

Referring to fig. 19 to fig. 21, in some alternative embodiments, the first light splitting unit 21 may include a light modulating structure 23, the second light splitting unit 22 includes a light deflecting structure 24, the light modulating structure 23 and the light deflecting structure 24 are disposed in the same layer, and the active surface 232 of the light modulating structure 23 is disposed at an acute angle with respect to the substrate 11. It is better to make the light modulating structure 23 in the first light splitting unit 21 for deflecting the traveling direction of the light emitted from the first sub-pixel 10a and emitting the light in the first direction X, and the light deflecting structure 24 in the second light splitting unit 22 for deflecting the traveling direction of the light emitted from the second sub-pixel 10b and emitting the light in the second direction Y.

In some alternative embodiments, the refractive index of the incident medium 241 of the light deflecting structure 24 is greater than the refractive index of the exit medium 242, and the inclination angle of the interface 243 with respect to the substrate base plate 11 and the inclination angle of the active surface 232 with respect to the substrate base plate 11 are acute and obtuse. That is, the interface 243 and the active surface 232 are inclined in opposite directions with respect to the substrate even 11, and when the interface 243 is inclined in the lateral direction with respect to the light exit surface, the active surface 232 is inclined in the backward lateral direction with respect to the light exit surface. Specifically, each active surface 232 of the light modulating structure 23 forms an obtuse angle β with the substrate 11. The light rays emitted by the first sub-pixel 10a are reflected or bragg diffracted at the active surface 232 and tilted away from the lateral direction. When the refractive index of the light modulating structure 23 is larger than the refractive index of the medium adjacent to the light modulating structure 23 facing away from the display layer 10, the light rays continue to incline away from the transverse direction when exiting the light modulating structure 23, and exit along the first direction X as shown in fig. 20.

Alternatively, the interface 243 of the light deflecting structure 24 and the substrate base 11 may be disposed at an acute angle. In some examples, as shown in fig. 20, the plane of the interface 243 is at an acute angle α with respect to the substrate base plate 11. The light emitted by the second sub-pixel 10b is refracted and tilted at the interface 243. When the refractive index of the exit medium 242 is greater than the refractive index of the medium adjacent to the exit medium 242 away from the incident medium 241, the light continues to be inclined toward the transverse direction when exiting the exit medium 2422, and exits along the second direction Y as shown in fig. 20.

Referring to fig. 22, in some alternative embodiments, the first light splitting unit 21 includes a light modulating structure 23 and a light deflecting structure 24, the second light splitting unit 22 may include the light deflecting structure 24, the light deflecting structure 24 of the first light splitting unit 21 and the second light deflecting structure 24 of the second light splitting unit 22 are disposed in the same layer, and the light modulating structure 23 of the first light splitting unit 21 is located on a side of the light deflecting structure 24 facing away from the substrate 11. The light modulating structure 23 and the light deflecting structure 24 in the first light splitting unit 21 are used together to deflect the propagation direction of the light emitted from the first sub-pixel 10a and emit the light in the first direction X, and the light deflecting structure 24 in the second light splitting unit 22 is used to deflect the propagation direction of the light emitted from the second sub-pixel 10b and emit the light in the second direction Y.

Optionally, the orthographic projections of the light modulation structure 23 and the light deflection structure 24 of the first light splitting unit 21 on the substrate 11 are completely overlapped, so that the light modulation structure 23 and the light deflection structure 24 are precisely aligned in the thickness direction W of the substrate 11. The phenomenon that color crosstalk occurs due to the fact that the light modulation structure 23 of the first light splitting unit 21 reversely deflects light emitted by the light deflection structure 24 of the adjacent second light splitting unit 22 is avoided, and the performance requirement of the light splitting element 20 is better guaranteed.

Referring to fig. 23, in some alternative embodiments, the display device further includes a first transparent medium layer 25, the first transparent medium layer 25 is located on a side of the light deflecting structure 24 opposite to the substrate 11, and is sandwiched between the light modulating structure 23 and the light deflecting structure 24. The material of the first light-transmitting medium layer 25 may be a light-transmitting organic material, such as polyimide, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, etc.; or may be a light-transmissive inorganic material such as silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or the like. The refractive index of the first transparent medium 213 layer and the refractive index of the exit medium 242 are related such that the light is not totally reflected between the first transparent medium 213 layer 510 and the exit medium 242.

In some optional embodiments, the display device provided in the above example may also include a light blocking layer 70, where the light blocking layer 70 is sandwiched between the display layer 10 and the light splitting element 20 or located in the display layer 10, the light blocking layer 70 includes a first light blocking unit 71 disposed corresponding to the first sub-pixel 10a and a second light blocking unit 72 disposed corresponding to the second sub-pixel 10b, in the thickness direction W of the substrate 11, orthographic projections of the first light blocking unit 71 and the first light splitting unit 21 on the substrate 11 at least partially coincide, and orthographic projections of the second light blocking unit 72 and the second light splitting unit 22 on the substrate 11 at least partially coincide. By providing the light blocking layer 70, it is also possible to prevent the light emitted from the first sub-pixel 10a from entering the second light splitting unit 22 or the light emitted from the second sub-pixel 10b from entering the first light splitting unit 21. The light splitting effect of the light splitting element 20 is ensured.

In some alternative embodiments, in the thickness direction W of the substrate base 11, the width of the overlapping portion of the orthographic projections of the first light blocking unit 71 and the first light splitting unit 21 on the substrate base 11 may be made smaller than the width of the overlapping portion of the orthographic projections of the second light blocking unit 72 and the second light splitting unit 22 on the substrate base 11.

As shown in fig. 23, in the embodiment where the first light splitting unit 21 includes the light modulating structure 23 and the light deflecting structure 24, and the second light splitting unit 22 includes the light deflecting structure 24, in the thickness direction W of the substrate base plate 11, the width of the overlapping portion of the orthographic projections of the first light blocking unit 71 and the first light splitting unit 21 in the thickness direction W is b, and the width of the overlapping portion of the orthographic projections of the second light blocking unit 72 and the second light splitting unit 22 in the thickness direction W is a.

Specifically, where L is the thickness of the first light-transmitting medium layer 25 in the thickness direction W of the substrate base plate 11, D is the thickness of the light modulation structure 23 in the thickness direction W, and H is a vertical distance between a position where the propagation direction of light rays in the light modulation structure 23 changes and the surface of the light modulation structure 23 facing the first light-transmitting medium layer 25.

Tan (θ) is satisfied when the refractive index of the incident medium 241 of the first light splitting unit 21 is equal to the refractive index of the incident medium 241 of the second light splitting unit 22₃)＝a/(L+D+a*tan(α₂))，tan(θ₄)＝b/(L+H+b*tan(α₁) When α is pressed₂＝α₁And b is less than a since H is less than D. That is, the width b of the overlapping portion of the orthographic projections of the first light blocking unit 71 and the first light splitting unit 21 on the substrate 11 is smaller than the width a of the overlapping portion of the orthographic projections of the second light blocking unit 72 and the second light splitting unit 22 on the substrate 11. Through the arrangement, the light emitted by the first sub-pixel 10a can be better prevented from entering the second light splitting unit 22 or the light emitted by the second sub-pixel 10b can be better prevented from entering the first light splitting unit 21, and the light splitting effect of the light splitting element 20 is ensured.

It is understood that, in each of the above embodiments, the paths of the light emitted from the first sub-pixel 10a and the light emitted from the second sub-pixel 10b are adjusted in the form of the structure that the light splitting element 20 includes the first light splitting unit 21 and the second light splitting unit 22, which is an alternative implementation, but is not limited to the above implementation.

In some embodiments, the light splitting element 20 may also include a liquid crystal layer including dye liquid crystal molecules, the dye liquid crystal molecules having a first state and a second state, the liquid dye liquid crystal molecules being capable of being periodically switched between the first state and the second state. In the first state, the light in the first direction X can be absorbed and the light in the second direction Y exits, and in the second state, the light in the first direction X exits and the light in the second direction is absorbed.

The dye molecules are linear and parallel to the long axes of the liquid crystal molecules. When polarized light passes through the dye liquid crystal molecules, the polarized light is absorbed by the dye when the polarization direction of the polarized light is parallel to the long axis direction of the dye liquid crystal, and the polarized light is transmitted when the polarization direction of the polarized light is perpendicular to the long axis direction of the dye liquid crystal. The dye liquid crystal can be regarded as a controllable polarizer, and through the arrangement, the path of light can be adjusted by using dye liquid crystal molecules, so that the light in the first direction X and the light in the second direction Y can alternately pass through the light splitting element 20 in a preset time sequence, and the light in the first direction X and the light in the second direction Y are respectively focused through the lens assembly 30, and the naked eye 3D display requirement of the display device can be met.

Optionally, when the dye liquid crystal molecules are in the first state, each first sub-pixel 10a may be multiplexed as a second sub-pixel 10b, and when the dye liquid crystal molecules are in the second state, each second sub-pixel 10b may be multiplexed as a first sub-pixel 10a, so as to better meet the naked-eye 3D display requirement of the display device.

In other structures provided in the embodiment of the present invention, optionally, electrodes capable of independently controlling dye liquid crystal molecules are disposed at corresponding positions of the first sub-pixel 10a and the second sub-pixel 10b, and at this time, the potentials of the electrodes at corresponding positions of the first sub-pixel 10a and the second sub-pixel 10b can be controlled to be different, so that the light of the first sub-pixel 10a is emitted along the first direction X, and the light of the second sub-pixel 10b is emitted along the second direction Y.

Therefore, the display device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the display layer 10, the light splitting element 20 and the lens assembly 30, wherein the light splitting element 20 is matched with the lens assembly 30, the light splitting element 20 firstly adjusts the path of the light of each corresponding first sub-pixel 10a and then emits the light along the first direction X, and the light splitting element 20 adjusts the path of the light of each corresponding second sub-pixel 10b and then emits the light along the second direction Y, so that the crosstalk area is small, and the situation that the light intensity distribution is not uniform due to grating diffraction is avoided. And the lens assembly 30 only needs to refract and converge the light emitted from the first direction X to the left eye visual area, and refract and converge the light emitted from the second direction Y to the right eye visual area, so that the naked eye 3D display requirement can be met, and the display effect is better compared with a display device focused only by a grating. In addition, since the lens assembly 30 only needs to focus the emergent light rays in two directions, the difficulty of the preparation process is lower, the cost of the display device can be effectively reduced, and the popularization and the use are easy.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A display device, comprising:

the display device comprises a display layer and a light source, wherein the display layer comprises a substrate base plate, and a first sub-pixel and a second sub-pixel which are arranged on the substrate base plate in an array mode, and the display layer is provided with a light emergent side;

a light splitting element disposed on the display layer, wherein the light splitting element is configured to adjust a light propagation path of the first sub-pixel and the light propagation path of the second sub-pixel, so that the light of the first sub-pixel exits in a first direction and the light of the second sub-pixel exits in a second direction, and the first direction intersects with the second direction;

and the lens assembly is positioned on the light emitting side of the display layer, the light rays of the first sub-pixels emitted along the first direction are refracted by the lens assembly and converged to a left eye visual area, and the light rays of the second sub-pixels emitted along the second direction are refracted by the lens assembly and converged to a right eye visual area.

2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the lens assembly includes two or more lenses, and the two or more lenses are arranged in sequence in a thickness direction of the substrate base.

3. The display device according to claim 2, further comprising a driving member connected to at least one of the lenses to drive the lens to reciprocate in the thickness direction.

4. The display device according to claim 3, wherein the display device further comprises a first control module and an eye tracking module, and the driving unit is connected to the first control module;

the human eye tracking module is configured to acquire left eye position information and right eye position information of a viewer, and the first control module is configured to control the driving component according to the left eye position information and the right eye position information so as to adjust the focal length of the lens assembly to a preset value.

5. The display device according to claim 2, wherein two or more lenses are a combination of a convex lens and a concave lens, and wherein the lens disposed closer to the light splitting element and the lens disposed farther from the light splitting element are both convex lenses.

6. The display device according to claim 2, wherein each of the lenses has two opposite surfaces in the thickness direction, one of the surfaces being a flat surface or an arc surface, and the other of the surfaces being an arc surface.

7. The display device of claim 2, wherein the lens assembly further comprises an aperture disposed between any two of the lenses.

8. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the first sub-pixels and the second sub-pixels are alternately arranged.

9. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the light splitting element is disposed on the light exit side of the display layer and between the display layer and the lens assembly;

the light splitting element comprises a first light splitting unit and a second light splitting unit, the first light splitting unit is arranged corresponding to the first sub-pixels, the second light splitting unit is arranged corresponding to the second sub-pixels, light rays of the first sub-pixels are refracted and/or reflected by the first light splitting units which are arranged oppositely and are emitted along the first direction respectively, and light rays of the second sub-pixels are refracted and/or reflected by the second light splitting units which are arranged oppositely and are emitted along the second direction respectively.

10. The display device according to claim 9, wherein the first light splitting unit includes a first protrusion and a first reflective layer, wherein the second light splitting unit includes a second protrusion and a second reflective layer, and wherein the first protrusion and the second protrusion each protrude to a side away from the substrate base plate;

the first protrusion is provided with a first reflecting surface and a first emergent surface, the first reflecting surface is intersected with the substrate base plate, the first reflecting layer is arranged on the first reflecting surface, the orthographic projection of the first reflecting surface on the substrate base plate is overlapped with the orthographic projection of the corresponding first sub-pixel on the substrate base plate, and light rays emitted by the first sub-pixel can be emitted from the first emergent surface after being reflected by the first reflecting surface;

the second protrusion is provided with a second reflecting surface and a second emergent surface, the second reflecting surface is intersected with the substrate base plate, the second reflecting layer is arranged on the second reflecting surface, the orthographic projection of the second reflecting surface on the substrate base plate is overlapped with the orthographic projection of the corresponding second sub-pixel on the substrate base plate, light rays emitted by the second sub-pixel can be reflected by the second reflecting surface and then emitted from the second emergent surface, and the inclination directions of the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface are opposite.

11. The display device according to claim 10, wherein the first protrusion further comprises a first connection face connecting the first reflection face and the first exit face, and an area ratio of an orthographic projection of the first connection face on the substrate base plate to an orthographic projection of the first protrusion on the substrate base plate is less than 5%;

and/or the second protrusion further comprises a second connecting surface connecting the second reflecting surface and the second emergent surface, and the area ratio of the orthographic projection of the second connecting surface on the substrate base plate to the orthographic projection of the second protrusion on the substrate base plate is less than 5%.

12. The display device according to claim 10, wherein each of the first protrusion and the second protrusion is a prism structure, a cross section of the first protrusion is a first isosceles triangle, a cross section of the second protrusion is a second isosceles triangle, the first reflective layer is disposed on a side surface of a base of the first isosceles triangle formed by the cross section of the first protrusion, and the second reflective layer is disposed on a side surface of a base of the second isosceles triangle formed by the cross section of the second protrusion.

13. The display device according to claim 12, wherein the apex angle of the first isosceles triangle is greater than 0 ° and equal to or less than 60 °; the vertex angle of the second isosceles triangle is greater than 0 degrees and less than or equal to 60 degrees.

14. The display device according to any one of claims 10 to 13, further comprising a light blocking layer disposed on a side of the light splitting element close to the substrate base plate, wherein an orthographic projection of the light blocking layer on the substrate base plate at least partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the first exit surface and the second exit surface on the substrate base plate.

15. The display device according to claim 14, wherein an orthogonal projection of the first reflective layer on the substrate base is adjacent to an orthogonal projection of the light-blocking layer on the substrate base;

and/or the orthographic projection of the second reflecting layer on the substrate base plate is adjacent to the orthographic projection of the light blocking layer on the substrate base plate.

16. The display device according to any one of claims 10 to 13, wherein a side of the first exit surface facing away from the substrate base has a first light-transmissive medium, and a plane of the first exit surface forms a first angle θ with the substrate base₁Set up, refractive index n of the first protrusion₁The refractive index n of the first light-transmitting medium₂From said first angle theta₁Satisfies the following conditions: theta₁≥arcsin(n₂/n₁)；

A second light-transmitting medium is arranged on one side of the second emergent surface, which is far away from the substrate base plate, and the plane of the second emergent surface and the substrate base plate form a second angle theta₂Set up, refractive index n of the second protrusion₃The refractive index n of the second light-transmitting medium₄To the second angle theta₂Satisfies the following conditions: theta₂≥arcsin(n₄/n₃)。

17. The display device according to claim 9, wherein at least one of the first light splitting unit and the second light splitting unit includes a light modulating structure including a plurality of sub-structures periodically arranged along a plane parallel to the substrate base and extending in a direction away from the substrate base, the plurality of sub-structures having a plurality of active surfaces that change an exit direction of light incident on the light modulating structure.

18. The display device according to claim 17, wherein one of the first light splitting unit and the second light splitting unit comprises the light modulating structure, and at least one of the first light splitting unit and the second light splitting unit comprises a light deflecting structure, the light deflecting structure comprises an incident medium and an emergent medium having different refractive indexes, the incident medium and the emergent medium are sequentially arranged along a thickness direction of the substrate base and define an interface arranged at an acute angle with the emergent light, and the interface changes an emergent direction of light incident to the light deflecting structure.

19. The display device according to claim 18, wherein the incident medium is a right-angle prism, the right-angle prism comprises two right-angle surfaces arranged perpendicularly and an inclined surface connecting the two right-angle surfaces, one of the two right-angle surfaces is parallel to the substrate base plate and the other is perpendicular to the substrate base plate, and the inclined surface is the interface surface.

20. The display device according to claim 18, wherein the first light splitting unit comprises the light modulating structure, the second light splitting unit comprises the light deflecting structure, the light modulating structure and the light deflecting structure are disposed on the same layer, and the active surface of the light modulating structure and the substrate are disposed at an acute angle.

21. The display device according to claim 20, wherein the incident medium of the light deflecting structure has a refractive index larger than that of the exit medium, and wherein one of the inclination of the interface with respect to the substrate base plate and the inclination of the active surface with respect to the substrate base plate is an acute angle and the other is an obtuse angle.

22. The display device according to claim 18, wherein the display panel further comprises a light blocking layer interposed between the display layer and the light splitting element or located in the display layer, the light blocking layer comprises a first light blocking unit disposed corresponding to the first sub-pixel and a second light blocking unit disposed corresponding to the second sub-pixel, in a thickness direction of the substrate, orthographic projections of the first light blocking unit and the first light splitting element on the substrate at least partially coincide, and orthographic projections of the second light blocking unit and the second light splitting element on the substrate at least partially coincide.

23. The display device according to claim 22, wherein the first light splitting unit includes the light modulating structure and the light deflecting structure, and wherein the second light splitting unit includes the light deflecting structure, and wherein a width of an overlapping portion of orthographic projections of the first light blocking unit and the first light splitting element on the substrate is smaller than a width of an overlapping portion of orthographic projections of the second light blocking unit and the second light splitting element on the substrate in a thickness direction of the substrate.

24. The display device according to claim 17, wherein the first light splitting unit comprises the light modulating structure and the light deflecting structure, the second light splitting unit comprises the light deflecting structure, the light deflecting structure of the first light splitting unit is disposed on a same layer as the light deflecting structure of the first light splitting unit, the light modulating structure of the first light splitting unit is disposed on a side of the light deflecting structure facing away from the substrate, and the active surface of the light modulating structure is perpendicular to the substrate.

25. The display device according to claim 15 or 22, wherein the display device further comprises a color-blocking layer, the color-blocking layer comprises a plurality of color-blocking units arranged corresponding to the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel, orthographic projections of the first light splitting unit and the second light splitting unit on the color-blocking layer cover each color-blocking unit, a black matrix is arranged between the color-blocking units, and part of the black matrix is multiplexed as the light-blocking layer.

26. The display device of claim 17, wherein the light modulating structure is at least one of a volume grating and a reflective array structure.

27. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the spectroscopic element includes a liquid crystal layer including dye liquid crystal molecules having a first state and a second state, the dye liquid crystal molecules being periodically switchable between the first state and the second state;

in the first state, the light in the first direction is absorbed and the light in the second direction is emitted;

in the second state, the light in the first direction is emitted and the light in the second direction is absorbed.