CN111323962A - Display device - Google Patents

Display device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111323962A
CN111323962A CN202010267970.3A CN202010267970A CN111323962A CN 111323962 A CN111323962 A CN 111323962A CN 202010267970 A CN202010267970 A CN 202010267970A CN 111323962 A CN111323962 A CN 111323962A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
light
sub
layer
pixel
unit
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Pending
Application number
CN202010267970.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
顾跃凤
王建栋
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Shanghai Tianma Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Shanghai Tianma Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202010267970.3A priority Critical patent/CN111323962A/en
Publication of CN111323962A publication Critical patent/CN111323962A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133553—Reflecting elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133605—Direct backlight including specially adapted reflectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/353—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels characterised by the geometrical arrangement of the RGB subpixels
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G02F1/133602—Direct backlight
    • G02F1/133606—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members
    • G02F1/133607—Direct backlight including a specially adapted diffusing, scattering or light controlling members the light controlling member including light directing or refracting elements, e.g. prisms or lenses

Abstract

The invention discloses a display device. The method comprises the following steps: the display layer comprises a substrate, and a plurality of first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels which are arranged on the substrate in an array manner, and the display layer is provided with a light emergent side; the light splitting element is arranged on the light emitting side of the display layer and comprises a first unit and a second unit, the first unit is arranged corresponding to the first sub-pixel, the second unit is arranged corresponding to the second sub-pixel, the first unit comprises a first bulge and a first reflecting layer, the first bulge is provided with a first reflecting surface and a first emergent surface, the first reflecting layer is arranged on the first reflecting surface, the second unit comprises a second bulge and a second reflecting layer, the second bulge is provided with a second reflecting surface and a second emergent surface, the second reflecting layer is arranged on the second reflecting surface, the orthographic projection of the second reflecting surface and the orthographic projection of the second emergent surface on the substrate are overlapped with the orthographic projection of the corresponding second sub-pixel on the substrate, and the inclination directions of the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface are opposite. The display device disclosed by the invention can improve the double-view display effect.

Description

Display device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of display, and particularly relates to a display device.
Background
In the prior double-view angle display device, a plane grating is mostly adopted to realize double-view angle display. Visual areas with different angles are realized through the grating, but a larger crosstalk area exists between adjacent visual areas, so that the display effect is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a display device, aiming at improving the double-view display effect of the display device.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method comprising: the display layer comprises a substrate, and a plurality of first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels which are arranged on the substrate in an array manner, and the display layer is provided with a light emergent side; the light splitting element is arranged on the light emitting side of the display layer and comprises a first unit and a second unit, the first unit is arranged corresponding to the first sub-pixel, the second unit is arranged corresponding to the second sub-pixel, the first unit comprises a first protrusion and a first reflecting layer, the second unit comprises a second protrusion and a second reflecting layer, the first protrusion and the second protrusion protrude towards one side of the substrate away from the substrate from the plane of the substrate, the first protrusion is provided with a first reflecting surface and a first emergent surface, the first reflecting layer is arranged on the first reflecting surface, a first light-transmitting medium is arranged on one side of the first emergent surface away from the substrate, and the plane of the first emergent surface is at a first angle theta with the substrate1The plane of the first reflecting surface, the plane of the substrate base plate and the plane of the first emergent surface are arranged in an angle α, and the refractive index n of the first protrusion1Refractive index n of first light-transmitting medium2At a first angle theta1Satisfies the following conditions: theta1≥arcsin(n2/n1) The orthographic projection of the first reflecting surface and the first emergent surface on the substrate base plate is overlapped with the orthographic projection of the corresponding first sub-pixel on the substrate base plate, the second bulge is provided with a second reflecting surface and a second emergent surface, the second reflecting layer is arranged on the second reflecting surface, a second light-transmitting medium is arranged on one side, away from the substrate base plate, of the second emergent surface, and the plane where the second emergent surface is located and the substrate base plate form a second angle theta2The plane of the second reflecting surface is arranged at an angle β with the plane of the substrate base plate and the plane of the second emergent surface, and the refractive index n of the second protrusion is3Refractive index n of the second light-transmitting medium4To a second angle theta2Satisfies the following conditions: theta2≥arcsin(n4/n3) The orthographic projection of the second reflecting surface and the second emergent surface on the substrate base plate is overlapped with the orthographic projection of the corresponding second sub-pixel on the substrate base plate, wherein the orthographic projection of the first reflecting surface and the orthographic projection of the second reflecting surfaceThe direction of the inclination is opposite.
In the embodiment of the invention, the light splitting element is arranged on the light outgoing side of the display layer, the first unit and the second unit of the light splitting element are respectively arranged corresponding to the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel of the display layer, light rays emitted by the first sub-pixel can be partially reflected by the first reflecting surface of the first unit and then vertically emitted from the first outgoing surface, part of the light rays emitted by the second sub-pixel can be partially reflected by the second reflecting surface of the second unit and then vertically emitted from the second outgoing surface after being totally reflected by the first outgoing surface of the first unit and then being reflected by other interfaces, and part of the light rays emitted by the second sub-pixel can be partially reflected by the second reflecting surface of the second unit and then vertically emitted from the second outgoing surface after being totally reflected by other interfaces. Set up first reflection stratum and second reflection stratum respectively at first reflection plane and second reflection plane, can avoid light to take place the refraction at first reflection plane and second reflection plane and influence display device's light-emitting efficiency, and light from the display stratum incidenting to first emitting surface and second emitting surface can take place the total reflection after, from first emitting surface and second emitting surface outgoing after reflecting again, prevent that light from inciding to first emitting surface and second emitting surface and taking place refraction and reflection simultaneously, cause the loss of light energy, influence light-emitting efficiency, can also avoid light that light takes place the refraction at first emitting surface and second emitting surface to penetrate into adjacent unit and cause the influence to the display effect, with this display effect that can promote two visual angles.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a top view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view B-B of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a light splitting element according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of the light-splitting element shown in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a dual view display device in the related art;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a light-splitting element according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic top view of a color resist layer according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of a color resist layer according to another embodiment of the invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a light splitting element according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a partial schematic view of another light-splitting element shown in FIG. 3;
FIG. 11 is a partial schematic view of the light-splitting element shown in FIG. 6;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a light splitting element according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a partial schematic view of the light-splitting element shown in FIG. 12;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a light splitting element according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 15 is a partial schematic view of the light splitting structure shown in fig. 14.
Detailed Description
Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below, and in order to make objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
It will be understood that when a layer, region or layer is referred to as being "on" or "over" another layer, region or layer in describing the structure of the component, it can be directly on the other layer, region or layer or intervening layers or regions may also be present. Also, if the component is turned over, one layer or region may be "under" or "beneath" another layer or region.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The display device 1000 according to the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 15.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a top view of a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 1. The display device 1000 has a display area AA and a non-display area NA disposed around the display area AA. The display device 1000 includes a display layer 100, the display layer 100 includes a substrate 101 and a plurality of sub-pixels 120 located on the substrate 101, and the sub-pixels 102 at least include red, green and blue sub-pixels, so as to realize a colorized display of the display device 1000. The sub-pixels 120 of the display layer 100 are disposed at intervals.
The Display device 1000 may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), an Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED), a Micro-LED (Micro-LED), or other types of Display devices.
For example, as shown in fig. 2, if the display device is an LCD, the display layer 100 may be a liquid crystal display panel, and include an array substrate 110, a color filter substrate 130, a liquid crystal layer 140 located between the array substrate 110 and the color filter substrate 130, and a backlight source (not shown) located on a side of the array substrate 110 away from the color filter substrate 130. The color filter substrate 130 may include a color resist layer 131, and the color resist layer 131 includes color resist units 1311 corresponding to the sub-pixels 120 and black matrixes 1312 located between the adjacent color resist units 1311. The orthographic projection of the color resistance unit 1311 on the array substrate 110 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the sub-pixel 120 on the array substrate 110. Further, a first polarizer 102 and a second polarizer 103 are respectively disposed at both sides of the display layer 100 to generate linearly polarized light.
For example, the display device may be an OLED display device, and the display layer 100 may be an OLED display panel. The OLED display panel can comprise an array substrate, wherein the array substrate comprises a pixel driving circuit and an anode, the OLED display panel further comprises a cathode arranged opposite to the anode, and an organic light-emitting unit arranged between the anode and the cathode, and under the driving of the anode and the cathode, the organic light-emitting unit realizes light-emitting display. In some embodiments, the light-emitting side of the display layer 100 may be provided with a circular polarizer to reduce the reflection of external light and improve the display effect.
For the display device 1000 for implementing dual viewing angles, a part of the light rays of the sub-pixels 120 of the display layer 100 exit towards a first direction for forming a first picture, and another part of the light rays of the sub-pixels 120 exit towards a second direction for forming a second picture. The sub-pixel 120 of the display layer 100 for forming the first picture can be defined as a first sub-pixel 121, and the sub-pixel 120 for forming the second picture can be defined as a second sub-pixel 122. The first subpixel 121 includes a first red subpixel, a first green subpixel, and a first blue subpixel, and the second subpixel 122 includes a second red subpixel, a second green subpixel, and a second blue subpixel. For the LCD, each sub-pixel 120 realizes a colorized display through the color resistance unit 1311 of the color film substrate 130, and then, the color resistance unit 1311 may include a first red color resistance unit R1, a first green color resistance unit G1, and a first blue color resistance unit B1 respectively corresponding to the first red sub-pixel, the first green sub-pixel, and the first blue sub-pixel, and a second red color resistance unit R2, a second green color resistance unit G2, and a second blue color resistance unit B2 respectively corresponding to the second red sub-pixel, the second green sub-pixel, and the second blue sub-pixel. For the OLED display device, the organic light emitting unit can directly emit light of different colors without passing through the color resistance unit.
Taking the LCD as an example, the display device 1000 further includes a light splitting element 200. Referring to fig. 3 and 4, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a light splitting element according to a first embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is a partial schematic view of the light-splitting element shown in fig. 3. The light splitting element 200 is disposed on the light emitting side of the display layer 100. The light splitting element 200 includes a first cell 210 disposed corresponding to the first subpixel 121 and a second cell 220 disposed corresponding to the second subpixel 122.
The first unit 210 includes a first protrusion 211 and a first reflective layer 212, and referring to fig. 2, the first protrusion 211 protrudes from a plane parallel to the substrate base 101 to a side away from the substrate base 101, and specifically, the first protrusion 211 protrudes to a side away from the color filter base 130. The first protrusion 211 has a first reflection surface 2111 and a first exit surface 2112, and the first reflection layer 212 is disposed on the first reflection surface 2111. Specifically, in some embodiments, the first reflective layer 212 may be disposed on at least a portion of an outer surface of the first reflective surface 2111. The first light-transmitting medium is arranged on the side of the first emergent surface 2112 departing from the substrate base plate, and the plane of the first emergent surface 2112 forms a first angle theta with the substrate base plate 1011It is arranged that, as shown in fig. 3, the first exit surface 2112 and the plane of the second polarizer 103, i.e. the plane of the substrate 101 (i.e. the horizontal plane in fig. 3) form a first angle θ1The plane of the first reflection surface 2111 is disposed at an angle α with respect to the plane of the substrate base plate 101 and the plane of the first emission surface 2112, that is, the angleThe cross-sections of the plane of the first reflection surface 2111, the plane of the first emission surface 2112, and the plane of the substrate base plate 101 of the first protrusion 211 may form an apex angle θ1An isosceles triangle with a base angle of α, the refractive index n of the first protrusion 2111Refractive index n of first light-transmitting medium2At a first angle theta1Satisfies the following conditions: theta1≥arcsin(n2/n1) The orthographic projection of the first reflection surface 2111 and the first exit surface 2112 on the substrate 101 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding first sub-pixel 121 on the substrate 101. Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 shows the light exiting path, a part of the light emitted from the first sub-pixel 121 can exit from the first exit surface 2112 after being reflected by the first reflection surface 2111, and another part of the light can enter the first exit surface 2112, because the included angle between the part of the light and the normal of the first exit surface 2112 is θ1And satisfies theta1≥arcsin(n2/n1) Thus, θ1And the part of the light is totally reflected at the first exit surface 2112, reflected by the first reflection surface 2111 and the bottom surface of the first protrusion 211 close to the substrate base plate 101, and then emitted from the first exit surface 2112.
The second unit 220 includes a second protrusion 221 and a second reflective layer 222, and with reference to fig. 2, the second protrusion 221 protrudes from a plane parallel to the substrate base 101 to a side away from the substrate base 101, and specifically, the second protrusion 221 protrudes to a side away from the color filter substrate 130. The second protrusion 221 has a second reflecting surface 2211 and a second emitting surface 2212, and the second reflecting layer 222 is disposed on the second reflecting surface 2211. Specifically, in some embodiments, the second reflective layer 222 may be disposed on at least a portion of an outer surface of the second reflective surface 2211. The second exit surface 2212 is provided with a second light-transmitting medium at a side away from the substrate, and the plane of the second exit surface 2212 forms a second angle theta with the substrate 1012The second exit surface 2212 is disposed at a second angle θ with respect to the plane of the second polarizer 103 (i.e. the horizontal plane in FIG. 3), i.e. the plane of the substrate 101 (i.e. the horizontal plane in FIG. 3)2And (4) setting. First, theThe plane of the second reflecting surface 2211 is disposed at an angle β with respect to the plane of the substrate base plate 101 and the plane of the second emergent surface 2212, that is, the cross-section of the plane of the second reflecting surface 2211 of the second protrusion 221, the plane of the second emergent surface 2212 and the plane of the substrate base plate 101 may form an apex angle θ2An isosceles triangle with a base angle of β, the refractive index n of the second protrusion 2213Refractive index n of the second light-transmitting medium4To a second angle theta2Satisfies the following conditions: theta2≥arcsin(n4/n3) The orthographic projection of the second reflecting surface 2211 and the second emitting surface 2212 on the base substrate 101 overlaps with the orthographic projection of the corresponding second sub-pixel 122 on the base substrate 101. Referring to the light exiting path in fig. 4, a part of the light emitted from the second sub-pixel 122 can exit from the second exit surface 2212 after being reflected by the second reflective surface 2211, and another part of the light can enter the second exit surface 2212 because the included angle between the part of the light and the normal of the second exit surface 2212 is θ2And satisfies theta2≥arcsin(n4/n3) Thus, θ2And the total reflection is generated at the second exit surface 2212 more than the critical angle of the second exit surface 2212, so as to avoid the loss of light energy, and the part of light is totally reflected at the second exit surface 2212, reflected by the second reflection surface 2211 and the second protrusion 221 near the bottom surface of the substrate base 101, and then emitted from the second exit surface 2212.
The first reflection surface 2111 of the first unit 210 and the second reflection surface 2211 of the second unit 220 are opposite in inclination direction, so that the light reflected by the first reflection surface 2111 of the first sub-pixel 121 and the light reflected by the second reflection surface 2211 of the second sub-pixel 122 are emitted in different directions, the light emitted from the first emission surface 2112 after the first sub-pixel 121 is totally reflected by the first emission surface 2112 and reflected by other interfaces is emitted in different directions from the light emitted from the second emission surface 2212 after the second sub-pixel 122 is totally reflected by the second emission surface 2212 and reflected by other interfaces, and double-view angle display is realized.
In this embodiment, by disposing the light splitting element 200 on the light exit side of the display layer 100, the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 of the light splitting element 200 are disposed corresponding to the first subpixel 121 and the second subpixel 122 of the display layer 100, respectively, a part of the light emitted by the first subpixel 121 may be reflected by the first reflecting surface 2111 of the first unit 210 and then vertically emitted from the first exit surface 2112, a part of the light may be totally reflected by the first exit surface 2112 of the first unit 210 and then vertically emitted from the first exit surface 2112 after being reflected by other interfaces, a part of the light emitted by the second subpixel 122 may be reflected by the second reflecting surface 2211 of the second unit 220 and then vertically emitted from the second exit surface 2212, and a part of the light may be totally reflected by the second exit surface 2212 of the second unit 220 and then vertically emitted from the second exit surface 2212 after being reflected by other interfaces. The first reflection layer 212 and the second reflection layer 222 are respectively disposed on the first reflection surface 2111 and the second reflection surface 2211, so that the light emitting efficiency of the display device 1000 can be prevented from being affected by the refraction of light at the first reflection surface 2111 and the second reflection surface 2211, and the light can be prevented from being totally reflected from the display layer 100 to the first exit surface 2112 and the second exit surface 2212 and then emitted from the first exit surface 2112 and the second exit surface 2212 after being reflected, so that the light is prevented from being simultaneously refracted and reflected when being incident to the first exit surface 2112 and the second exit surface 2212, the loss of light energy is caused, the light emitting efficiency is affected, the light refracted at the first exit surface 2112 and the second exit surface 2212 is prevented from being incident to an adjacent unit to affect the display effect, and the display effect of dual viewing angles can be improved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, a third light-transmitting medium is disposed on a side of the light splitting element 200 close to the substrate 101, and the third light-transmitting medium may be a light-transmitting layer directly attached to the light splitting element 200, for example, in some embodiments, the light splitting element 200 may be disposed on the second polarizer 103, and in this embodiment, the third light-transmitting medium may be the second polarizer 103. The first protrusion 211 has a first incident surface 2113 parallel to the base substrate 101 on a side close to the base substrate 101, and a refractive index n of the third light transmitting medium5Refractive index n of the first protrusion1And a first angle theta1Satisfies the following conditions: theta1≥arcsin(n5/n1) Then from the firstThe light emitted from the sub-image 121 can be incident on the first protrusion 211 perpendicular to the first incident surface 2113, and after the light is totally reflected by the first exit surface 2112, part of the light is reflected by the first reflection surface 2111 to the first incident surface 2113, and according to the geometric relationship in fig. 4, the included angle θ between the light reflected to the first incident surface 2113 and the normal of the first incident surface 2113 is1Due to the satisfaction of theta1≥arcsin(n5/n1) Therefore, the light beam is totally reflected at the first incident surface 2113, and then vertically emitted from the first emission surface 2112. The light of the first sub-pixel 121 is totally reflected at the first exit surface 2112 and the first incident surface 2113, so that the loss of light energy is avoided, the light extraction efficiency is improved, and the display effect of the dual viewing angles is further improved.
The second protrusion 221 has a second incident surface 2213 parallel to the base substrate 101 on a side close to the base substrate 101, and a refractive index n of the third light-transmitting medium5Refractive index n of the second protrusion3And a second angle theta2Satisfies the following conditions: theta2≥arcsin(n5/n3) Then, the light emitted from the second sub-image 122 can be incident on the second protrusion 221 perpendicular to the second incident surface 2213, and part of the light is totally reflected by the second exit surface 2212 and then reflected by the second reflecting surface 2211 to the second incident surface 2213, so that the angle between the light reflected to the second incident surface 2213 and the normal of the second incident surface 2213 is θ according to the geometric relationship in fig. 42Due to the satisfaction of theta2≥arcsin(n5/n3) Therefore, the light is totally reflected at second incident surface 2213, and then emitted perpendicularly from second emission surface 2212. The light of the second sub-pixel 122 is totally reflected at the second exit surface 2212 and the first incident surface 2213, so that the loss of light energy is avoided, the light extraction efficiency is improved, and the display effect of the dual viewing angles is further improved.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-view display device in the related art. In the dual-view display device in fig. 5, the light beams of different sub-pixels of the display layer 100 are diffracted by the grating layer 400 to realize the deflection of the light beams in different directions, and different pictures can be respectively seen in the visible areas on the light emitting side of the dual-view display device in fig. 5. However, since the grating diffracts strong light in the middle crosstalk area in the graph, the diffracted light intensity of the part is not negligible, so that the middle crosstalk area is large, and if a user watches the part, two overlapped pictures can be seen. In the display device 1000 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first reflection surface 2111 and the second reflection surface 2211 respectively reflect the light rays, so that the light rays are emitted towards two different directions through the first emission surface 2112 and the second emission surface 2212, and the light rays can be prevented from being emitted towards the middle area of the display device 1000 by shielding of the light blocking layer 300, and the display screen is basically invisible in the middle area of the light emitting side of the display device 1000, therefore, compared with the scheme of the related art that the double viewing angles are realized by adopting grating diffraction, the display device 1000 according to the embodiment of the present invention can effectively reduce the crosstalk area.
In some embodiments, the light reflected by the first reflection surface 2111 of the first subpixel 121 is emitted perpendicularly to the first emission surface 2112, and the light reflected by the second reflection surface 2211 of the second subpixel 122 is emitted perpendicularly to the second emission surface 2212, so that the light can be directly emitted at the first reflection surface 2111 and the second reflection surface 2212 without reflection, and the light extraction efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments, the refractive indexes of the first protrusions 211 and the second protrusions 221 may be the same, and in order to simplify the manufacturing process, the first protrusions 211 and the second protrusions 221 may be made of the same material. The refractive indices of the first and second light-transmitting media may also be the same. Further, the first and second light-transmissive media may be identical. In some embodiments, the first light-transmissive medium and the second light-transmissive medium may both be air, i.e., the light rays exiting from the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 may exit directly into the air.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 2 to 4, the first sub-pixels 121 and the second sub-pixels 122 are alternately arranged, and correspondingly, the first units 210 and the second units 220 are also alternately arranged. The light emitted from the adjacent first sub-pixel 121 and second sub-pixel 122 is emitted to two directions through the first unit 210 and the second unit 220, respectively, so that the quantity of the light facing to the two directions is balanced, and the consistency of the display effect of the two pictures is ensured.
Further, the number of the first red sub-pixel, the first green sub-pixel and the first blue sub-pixel included in the first sub-pixel 121 is the same as the number of the same-color sub-pixels of the second red sub-pixel, the second green sub-pixel and the second blue sub-pixel included in the second sub-pixel 122, so as to ensure that the display effects of the pictures at the two viewing angles are the same. After the light of each first red sub-pixel, first green sub-pixel and first blue sub-pixel is emitted through the corresponding first unit 210, the directions of the light are the same, and after the light of each second red sub-pixel, second green sub-pixel and second blue sub-pixel is emitted through the corresponding second unit 220, the directions of the light are the same, so as to prevent color cast.
In some embodiments, the display device is an LCD, and the orthographic projection of the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 on the color resist layer 131 can cover each color resist unit 1311. To ensure that the light emitted from the first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122 can enter the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 respectively for reflection.
Further, in an embodiment, please refer to fig. 6, where fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a light splitting element according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Orthographic projections of the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 on the color resistance layer 131 are coincident with the positions of the color resistance units 3111. As long as it is ensured that the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 are disposed at positions opposite to the color blocking units 1311, light rays emitted from the first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122 can be emitted from the first emitting surface 2112 and the second emitting surface 2212 in different directions, so that dual-viewing-angle display is achieved, that is, in this embodiment, the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 are not disposed at positions corresponding to the black matrix 1312, so that materials can be saved.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the orthographic projection edges of the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 on the color resist layer 131 are located between two adjacent color resist units 1311. In this embodiment, each of the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 of the light splitting element 200 may be continuously disposed, that is, the edges of the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 are located at the position opposite to the center line of the black matrix 1312 between the adjacent color resistance units 1311, so as to simplify the manufacturing process of the first unit 210 and the second unit 220.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 7 and 8, fig. 7 is a schematic top view of a color resist layer according to an embodiment of the invention; fig. 8 is a schematic top view of a color resist layer according to another embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, the color resist layer 131 has a conventional structure, and the widths of the black matrices 1312 between the adjacent color resist cells 1311 are substantially the same. The structure of the color resist layer 131 of this embodiment can be used in the display device of the corresponding embodiment of fig. 3 and 4.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the display device is an LCD, and includes a first polarizer 102 and a second polarizer 103 respectively disposed on two sides of the display layer 100, wherein the second polarizer 103 is disposed on a side of the display layer 100 facing away from the substrate 101. The light-splitting element 200 is located on a side of the second polarizer 103 facing away from the display layer 100. In this embodiment, after the light emitted from the backlight passes through the first polarizer 102, the liquid crystal layer 140 and the second polarizer 103, polarized light is generated, and then the light is emitted through the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 of the light splitting element 200, which does not affect the polarization effect of the light.
In some embodiments, please refer to fig. 9, and fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a light splitting element according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The first protrusion 211 may include a first connection surface 2114, the first connection surface 2114 connects the first reflection surface 2111 and the first exit surface 2112, and an area ratio of an orthographic projection of the first connection surface 2114 on the substrate base plate 101 to an orthographic projection of the first protrusion 211 on the substrate base plate 101 is less than 5%. Therefore, the area of the first connection surface 2114 is prevented from being too large, and a part of light emitted by the first sub-pixel 121 is emitted through the first connection surface 2114, and then, a large amount of light crosstalk occurs, which affects the display effect. The first connection surface 2114 is disposed such that the connection manner between the first reflection surface 2111 and the first emission surface 2112 is an over connection, which can reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the light splitting element 200.
In some embodiments, the second protrusion 221 may include a second connection surface 2214, the second connection surface 2214 connects the second reflection surface 2211 and the second exit surface 2212, and an area ratio of an orthographic projection of the second connection surface 2214 on the substrate base 101 to an orthographic projection of the second protrusion 221 on the substrate base 101 is less than 5%. Therefore, the area of the second connection surface 2214 is too large, and a part of light emitted by the second sub-pixel 122 is emitted through the second connection surface 2214, and then, much light crosstalk occurs, which affects the display effect. The second connection surface 2214 is arranged such that the connection manner between the second reflection surface 2211 and the second emission surface 2212 is an excessive connection, which can reduce the difficulty in manufacturing the light splitting element 200.
It should be noted that the shape of the first connection surface 2114 and the second connection surface 2214 is not limited by the present invention. Fig. 9 illustrates only the first connection surface 2114 and the second connection surface 2214 as being flat, and in other embodiments, the first connection surface 2114 and the second connection surface 2214 may also be curved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 3, the first protrusion 211 can be a first prism, and the second protrusion 221 can be a second prism, which is equivalent to the first reflection surface 2111 directly connected to the first exit surface 2112, and the second reflection surface 2211 directly connected to the second exit surface 2212. The cross section of the first prism is a first isosceles triangle, the cross section of the second prism is a second isosceles triangle, the first reflective layer 212 is arranged on the side where the bottom edge of the first isosceles triangle of the first prism is located, and the second reflective layer 222 is arranged on the side where the bottom edge of the second isosceles triangle of the second prism is located. With this arrangement, the light of the first sub-pixel 121 reflected by the first reflection surface 2111 is incident perpendicularly to the first exit surface 2112 and exits perpendicularly to the first exit surface 2112 to the outside of the first protrusion 211, and the light of the first sub-pixel 121 incident on the first exit surface 2112 is totally reflected, then reflected by the first reflection surface 2111 to the first incidence surface 2113, totally reflected, and then exits from the first exit surface 2112 to the outside of the first protrusion 211. The light reflected by the second reflecting surface 2211 of the second sub-pixel 122 perpendicularly enters the second exit surface 2212 and exits the second protrusion 221 perpendicularly to the second exit surface 2212, and the light entering the second exit surface 2212 of the second sub-pixel 122 is totally reflected, then reflected by the second reflecting surface 2211 to the second entrance surface 2213, totally reflected and exits the second exit surface 2212 to the outside of the second protrusion 221. In this embodiment, the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 are set to be isosceles triangles, so that the manufacturing difficulty can be simplified, the areas of the first reflecting surface 2111, the second reflecting surface 2211, the first exit surface 2112 and the second exit surface 2212 can be relatively increased, and the light extraction efficiency can be improved.
The first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 in this embodiment may be prepared using an imprinting process. The precision of the imprinting process can reach the nanometer level, and the requirement of aligning the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 with the first sub-image 121 and the second sub-pixel 122 can be met. Specifically, a transparent substrate may be selected, and the transparent substrate is imprinted by using a mold, and then cured and shaped to form the shapes of the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221. Of course, other processes, such as an etching process, may be used to form the structures of the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221, and the invention is not limited thereto.
Further, in some embodiments, the first exit surface 2112 is in a plane that is at a first angle θ to the substrate base 1011Satisfies the following conditions: 0 DEG < theta1Not more than 45 degrees, namely the vertex angle theta of the first isosceles triangle1Satisfies the following conditions: 0 DEG < theta1Not more than 45 degrees, and the plane of the second emergent surface 2212 forms a second angle theta with the substrate base plate 1012Satisfies the following conditions: 0 DEG < theta2Not more than 45 degrees, namely the vertex angle theta of the second isosceles triangle2Satisfies the following conditions: 0 DEG < theta2The angle is less than or equal to 45 degrees, so that the mutual crosstalk of the light rays of the adjacent first prism and the second prism is prevented, and the light rays emitted from the first prism are prevented from being emitted into the second prism or the light rays emitted from the second prism are prevented from being emitted into the first prism. In some embodiments, the first subpixel 121 and the second subpixel 122 of the display layer 100 are uniform in shape and size. The sizes of the first prism and the second prism may be the same, that is, the first isosceles triangle and the second isosceles triangle may be the same, and the vertex angle θ of the first isosceles triangle may be the same1The vertex angle theta of the second isosceles triangle2Are all equal to theta. Referring to fig. 10, fig. 10 is a partial schematic view of another optical splitter shown in fig. 3. The first prism is the same as the second prism, and the first lens is transparentFor example, in order to ensure that the light emitted from the first prism does not enter the adjacent second prism, the light incident on the first exit surface 2112 of the first prism near the vertex of the side far from the substrate base plate 101 is totally reflected by the first exit surface 2112 and then reflected by the first reflection surface 2111 to the first exit surface 2112 to be emitted, and the emitted light is parallel to the second exit surface 2212 of the second prism, so that the light emitted from the first prism cannot enter the adjacent second prism, therefore, the geometrical relationship shown in the figure is only that 4 θ is not more than 180 °, that is, 0 ° < θ not more than 45 °. Therefore, as long as the vertex angle θ of the first isosceles triangle and the second isosceles triangle satisfies: theta is more than 0 degree and less than or equal to 45 degrees, so that the light rays emitted by the first prism and the second prism which are adjacent can be ensured not to be interfered.
In other embodiments, please refer to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a partial schematic view of the light splitting element shown in fig. 6. In this embodiment, the first prism and the second prism are the same, and the vertex angle is θ, in order to ensure that the light emitted from the first prism does not enter the adjacent second prism, the light incident on the first emitting surface 2112 of the first prism and close to the vertex on the side away from the substrate 101 is reflected to the first emitting surface 2112 by the first reflecting surface 2111 after being totally reflected on the first emitting surface 2112, and the emitted light passes through the vertex on the side away from the substrate 101 of the adjacent second prism, that is, the light emitted from the first prism can be ensured not to enter the adjacent second prism. Assuming that the length of the orthographic projection of the first prism and the second prism toward the substrate 101 side is L, the distance between the adjacent first prism and the second prism is d, that is, the width of the black matrix 1312 between the adjacent color-resisting units 1311 is d, and as can be seen from the geometrical relationship in the figure, the angle γ formed by the outgoing light and the substrate 101 (that is, the horizontal direction in the figure) is arc ((lssin θ)/(d + Lcos θ)), the vertex angles of the first prism and the second prism should satisfy: 3 theta + arc ((Lsin theta)/(d + Lcos theta)) < 180 degrees, namely, the light rays emitted by the adjacent first prism and the second prism can be ensured not to be subjected to crosstalk. In this embodiment, the adjacent first prisms and second prisms are arranged at intervals, and the relationship satisfied by the vertex angles of the first prisms and second prisms can be further accurately determined according to the width of the black matrix 1312 between the adjacent color resistance units 1311.
In some embodiments, the light splitting element 200 further includes a transparent protection layer 230, the transparent protection layer 230 is disposed on a side of the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 away from the substrate 101, and light emitted from the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 is emitted through the transparent protection layer 230 to a refractive index n0The fourth light-transmitting medium of (1). The fourth light-transmitting medium may be, for example, air, and the light emitted from the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 passes through the transparent protection layer 230 and then is emitted to the air. In this embodiment, the transparent protection layer 230 can protect the first unit 210 and the second unit 220, so as to prevent the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 from being damaged and affecting the imaging effect of the dual viewing angles, and the transparent protection layer 230 also plays a role in flattening, so as to ensure that the surface of the light splitting element 200 on the side away from the substrate base plate 101 is flattened, thereby facilitating the setting of other devices.
In an embodiment, please refer to fig. 12, where fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a light splitting element according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The transparent protection layer 230 is filled in the regions of the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 away from the substrate 101 to form a first light-transmitting medium and a second light-transmitting medium, in some embodiments, the refractive indexes of the first light-transmitting medium and the second light-transmitting medium are different, and then the refractive indexes of different positions of the corresponding transparent protection layer 230 are different; in other embodiments, the refractive indices of the first and second light-transmissive media are the same, and the refractive index is uniform throughout the transparent protective layer 230. In some embodiments, the refractive index of the first protrusion 211 is the same as the refractive index of the second protrusion 221, and both are n1Refractive index n of transparent protective layer 2302Then, the refractive index n of the transparent protective layer 2302Refractive index n of first light-transmitting medium0Satisfies the following conditions: n is0≤n2. When n is0＝n2Meanwhile, after the light rays are emitted from the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 to the transparent protection layer 230, the light rays are emitted from the transparent protection layer to the first light-transmitting medium, the emitting direction of the light rays is not changed, and two viewing angles of the light rays emitted to the first light-transmitting medium and the plane where the first emitting surface 2112 is located and the substrate base plate are respectively differentThe included angle of 101, the included angle of the plane where the second exit surface 2212 is located and the substrate 101 are the same. When n is0＜n2As shown in fig. 12, after the light is emitted from the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 to the transparent protection layer 230, the light is refracted at the interface between the transparent protection layer 230 and the first light-transmitting medium, and since the refractive index of the first light-transmitting medium is smaller than the refractive index of the transparent protection layer 230, the light is further refracted to the side close to the substrate 101 in the first light-transmitting medium, so that the angles of the light emitted to the first light-transmitting medium corresponding to the first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122 can be further increased, and the adjustment of the emission angle of the dual-view display is facilitated. Specifically, the material of the transparent protection layer 230 may be selected according to the actual requirement of the dual viewing angles, so as to adjust the dual viewing angles.
Further, the first protrusion 211 and the second protrusion 221 are both prism structures with isosceles triangle cross sections, and the vertex angle θ of the isosceles triangle, and the refractive indexes of the transparent protective layer are the same, and are all n2Referring to fig. 13, fig. 13 is a partial schematic view of the light splitting device shown in fig. 12. The light emitted from the first cell 211 and the second cell 221 is refracted and reflected at the interface between the transparent protective layer 230 and the first light-transmitting medium, and the refractive index n of the transparent protective layer 230 is set to avoid total reflection at the interface2Satisfies the following conditions: n is2＜n0And/sin theta. In this embodiment, if the first light-transmitting medium is air, the light rays of the first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122 pass through the light splitting element 200 and then exit to the viewing angle θ in the air3＝arcsin(n2sinθ/n0). In the actual production process, the vertex angle θ of the first prism and the second prism can be adjusted and the materials of the first prism, the second prism and the transparent protection layer 230 can be selected according to the requirement of the actual viewing angle, so as to meet the requirement of the refractive index.
In another embodiment, please refer to fig. 14, wherein fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a light splitting device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The first prisms and the second prisms are alternately arranged, areas of one sides of the adjacent first reflection surfaces 2111 and second reflection surfaces 2211, which are away from the substrate base plate 101, are filled with a reflection material 240, and the transparent protection layer 230 is bonded to the sides of the first prisms and the second prisms, which are away from the substrate base plate 101, through the reflection material 240. The reflective material 240 may be, for example, a mixture of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), a light reflective filler, a peroxide crosslinking agent, and an anti-aging agent. In this embodiment, the reflective material 240 is filled in the region between the first reflective surface 2111 and the second reflective surface 2211, so that the first reflective layer 212 and the second reflective layer 222 can be directly formed, and can be used for bonding the transparent protection layer 230, thereby simplifying the manufacturing process.
Further, the refractive indexes of the first light-transmitting medium and the second light-transmitting medium in the region between the adjacent first exit surface 2112 and second exit surface 2212 are the same, and are both n2The refractive index of the transparent protective layer 230 is n6Refractive index n of the first and second light-transmitting media2Refractive index n of transparent protective layer6Refractive index n of fourth light-transmitting medium0Satisfies the following conditions: n is0≤n2≤n6. Further, optionally, the refractive index of the fourth light-transmitting medium and the refractive indices of the first light-transmitting medium and the second light-transmitting medium satisfy: n is0＝n2That is, the first light-transmitting medium, the second light-transmitting medium and the fourth light-transmitting medium may be the same as each other, and are both air. Referring to fig. 15, fig. 15 is a partial schematic view of the light splitting structure shown in fig. 14. The first light-transmitting medium, the second light-transmitting medium and the fourth light-transmitting medium all adopt air, the requirement on the refractive index of the material of the transparent protection layer 230 is relatively low, the light rays emitted from the first unit 210 and the second unit 220 can further deviate to one side of the light rays emitted from the first unit 210 and the second unit 220, and crosstalk of the light rays emitted from the first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122 is avoided. Optionally, the refractive indexes of the first protrusion 211, the second protrusion 221 and the transparent protection layer 230 may be the same, that is, the first protrusion 211, the second protrusion 221 and the transparent protection layer 230 may be made of the same material, so that the material utilization rate can be improved.
In this embodiment, the cross-sections of the first prism and the second prism are isosceles triangles with an apex angle θ, so as to avoid the transparent protection layer 230 and the first prismThe total reflection occurs at the interface of the four transparent media, so the refractive index n of the transparent protective layer 2302Satisfies the following conditions: n is2＜n0And/sin theta. In this embodiment, if the fourth light-transmitting medium is air, the light rays of the first sub-pixel 121 and the second sub-pixel 122 pass through the light splitting element 100 and then exit to the viewing angle θ in the air3＝θ。
It should be noted that, in the above embodiments, the display layer 100 is taken as an example of a liquid crystal display panel, and the display layer 100 is also applicable to an OLED display panel, and it is only necessary to dispose the light splitting element 200 of the above embodiments on the light emitting side of the OLED display panel, and the first unit 210 is disposed corresponding to the first sub-pixel 121, and the second unit 220 is disposed corresponding to the second sub-pixel 122, which is not described herein again.
In accordance with the above-described embodiments of the present invention, these embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. In case of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other, and the combination of the features of the embodiments and implementations is still within the protection scope of the present application. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (16)

1. A display device, comprising:
the display device comprises a display layer and a light source, wherein the display layer comprises a substrate base plate and a plurality of first sub-pixels and second sub-pixels which are arranged on the substrate base plate in an array mode, and the display layer is provided with a light emergent side;
a light splitting element arranged at the light emergent side of the display layer, the light splitting element comprises a first unit and a second unit, the first unit is arranged corresponding to the first sub-pixel, the second unit is arranged corresponding to the second sub-pixel, the first unit comprises a first bulge and a first reflection layer, the first unit comprises a first light-emitting layer and a second light-emitting layer, the second unit comprises a second light-emitting layer, the second light-emitting layer is arranged corresponding to the secondThe second unit comprises a second protrusion and a second reflecting layer, the first protrusion and the second protrusion are protruded from the plane parallel to the substrate to the side away from the substrate, the first protrusion is provided with a first reflecting surface and a first emergent surface, the first reflecting layer is arranged on the first reflecting surface, the first emergent surface deviates from the side of the substrate, which is provided with a first light-transmitting medium, and the plane where the first emergent surface is located and the substrate are at a first angle theta1Setting, the plane of the first reflecting surface and the plane of the substrate base plate and the plane of the first emergent surface are both arranged in an angle α, and the refractive index n of the first bulge1The refractive index n of the first light-transmitting medium2From said first angle theta1Satisfies the following conditions: theta1≥arcsin(n2/n1) The orthographic projection of the first reflecting surface and the first emergent surface on the substrate base plate is overlapped with the orthographic projection of the corresponding first sub-pixel on the substrate base plate, the second bulge is provided with a second reflecting surface and a second emergent surface, the second reflecting layer is arranged on the second reflecting surface, a second light-transmitting medium is arranged on one side, away from the substrate base plate, of the second emergent surface, and the plane where the second emergent surface is located and the substrate base plate form a second angle theta2The plane of the second reflecting surface, the plane of the substrate base plate and the plane of the second emergent surface form an angle β, and the refractive index n of the second protrusion3The refractive index n of the second light-transmitting medium4To the second angle theta2Satisfies the following conditions: theta2≥arcsin(n4/n3) And the orthographic projection of the second reflecting surface and the second emergent surface on the substrate base plate is overlapped with the orthographic projection of the corresponding second sub-pixel on the substrate base plate, wherein the inclination directions of the first reflecting surface and the second reflecting surface are opposite.
2. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the light splitting element has a third light-transmitting medium on a side thereof close to the substrate base plate, and the first protrusion has a third light-transmitting medium on a side thereof close to the substrate base plateA refractive index n of the third light-transmitting medium parallel to the first incident surface of the substrate base plate5The refractive index n of the first protrusion1And the first angle theta1Satisfies the following conditions: theta1≥arcsin(n5/n1) (ii) a The second bulge is provided with a second incidence surface parallel to the substrate at one side close to the substrate, and the refractive index n of the third light-transmitting medium5Refractive index n of the second protrusion3And the second angle theta2Satisfies the following conditions: theta2≥arcsin(n5/n3)。
3. The display device according to claim 2, wherein the first sub-pixels and the second sub-pixels are alternately arranged.
4. The display device according to claim 2, wherein the first protrusion is a first prism, the second protrusion is a second prism, the cross section of the first prism is a first isosceles triangle, the cross section of the second prism is a second isosceles triangle, the first reflective layer is disposed on a side surface of the first isosceles triangle of the first prism where the base is located, and the second reflective layer is disposed on a side surface of the second isosceles triangle of the second prism where the base is located.
5. The display device of claim 4, wherein the first angle θ1Satisfies the following conditions: 0 DEG < theta1≤45°；
The second angle theta2Satisfies the following conditions: 0 DEG < theta2≤45°。
6. The display device according to claim 4, wherein the first protrusion and the second protrusion have the same refractive index; and/or
The refractive index of the first light-transmitting medium is the same as that of the second light-transmitting medium.
7. The display device according to claim 6, wherein the first prism is the same as the second prism.
8. The display device according to claim 1, wherein the display layer further comprises a color resistance layer, the color resistance layer comprises a plurality of color resistance units arranged corresponding to the first sub-pixel and the second sub-pixel, a black matrix is arranged between the color resistance units, and orthographic projections of the first unit and the second unit on the color resistance layer cover each color resistance unit.
9. The display device according to claim 8, wherein orthographic projections of the first unit and the second unit on the color-resistance layer coincide with positions of the color-resistance units; or
The orthographic projection edges of the first unit and the second unit on the color resistance layer are positioned between two adjacent color resistance units.
10. The display device according to claim 6, wherein the light splitting element further comprises a transparent protective layer disposed on a side of the first unit and the second unit away from the light exit surface, and light emitted from the first unit and the second unit is emitted through the transparent protective layer to a refractive index n0The fourth light-transmitting medium of (1).
11. The display device according to claim 10, wherein the transparent protective layer is filled in a region of the first cell and the second cell away from the substrate to form the first light-transmitting medium and the second light-transmitting medium, and a refractive index n of the transparent protective layer2And the refractive index n of the third light-transmitting medium0Satisfies the following conditions: n is0≤n2。
12. The display device of claim 11, wherein the first isosceles triangle and the second isosceles triangle areThe vertex angle is theta, and the refractive index n of the transparent protective layer2Satisfies the following conditions: n is2＜n0/sinθ。
13. The display device according to claim 10, wherein the first prisms and the second prisms are alternately arranged, a region of one side of each of the first reflective surface and the second reflective surface facing away from the substrate is filled with a reflective material, and the transparent protective layer is adhered to one side of each of the first prisms and the second prisms facing away from the substrate through the reflective material.
14. The display device according to claim 13, wherein refractive indices of the first light-transmitting medium and the second light-transmitting medium in a region between the first exit surface and the second exit surface which are adjacent to each other are the same, and a refractive index n of the first light-transmitting medium and the second light-transmitting medium is the same2Refractive index n of the transparent protective layer6And the refractive index n of the fourth light-transmitting medium0Satisfies the following conditions: n is0≤n2≤n6。
15. The display device according to claim 1, further comprising a first polarizer and a second polarizer respectively located on both sides of the display layer, wherein the second polarization is located on a side of the display layer facing away from the substrate;
the light splitting element is positioned on one side of the second polarizer, which is far away from the display layer.
16. The display device according to claim 2, wherein the first sub-pixels and the second sub-pixels are equal in number, the first sub-pixels include a first red sub-pixel, a first green sub-pixel and a first blue sub-pixel, the second sub-pixels include a second red sub-pixel, a second green sub-pixel and a second blue sub-pixel, the light of the first red sub-pixel, the light of the first green sub-pixel and the light of the first blue sub-pixel are emitted in the same direction after passing through the corresponding first units, and the light of the second red sub-pixel, the light of the second green sub-pixel and the light of the second blue sub-pixel are emitted in the same direction after passing through the corresponding second units.
CN202010267970.3A 2020-04-08 2020-04-08 Display device Pending CN111323962A (en)

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