CN111551058B - Ultra-long gravity heat pipe with enhanced carrying limit - Google Patents

Ultra-long gravity heat pipe with enhanced carrying limit Download PDF

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CN111551058B
CN111551058B CN202010386954.6A CN202010386954A CN111551058B CN 111551058 B CN111551058 B CN 111551058B CN 202010386954 A CN202010386954 A CN 202010386954A CN 111551058 B CN111551058 B CN 111551058B
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heat pipe
steel cable
base body
vapor
end cover
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CN111551058A (en
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林涛
全晓军
李金京
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
    • F28D15/043—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure forming loops, e.g. capillary pumped loops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • F24T10/40—Geothermal collectors operated without external energy sources, e.g. using thermosiphonic circulation or heat pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F21/00—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials
    • F28F21/08—Constructions of heat-exchange apparatus characterised by the selection of particular materials of metal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-long gravity heat pipe for strengthening carrying limit. The heat pipe comprises an upper sealing end cover, a heat pipe base body, a lower sealing end cover and a vapor-liquid flow dividing device; the upper sealing end cover, the heat pipe base body and the lower sealing end cover form a closed cavity, the vapor-liquid flow dividing device is sleeved in the heat pipe base body, and a gap between the vapor-liquid flow dividing device and the heat pipe base body is a condensation liquid backflow channel; the central channel of the vapor-liquid flow dividing device is a vapor ascending channel; the vapor-liquid flow dividing device comprises a steel cable, a steel cable bracket and a steel cable clamp. The invention is suitable for any occasion needing to strengthen the carrying limit of the heat pipe, and in application, the invention adopts a group of steel cables distributed near the wall surface of the closed cavity of the heat pipe to block ascending steam and descending condensed liquid film, reduces the shearing force of ascending steam flow on descending liquid film, improves the carrying limit of the heat pipe, and has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, wide applicability and the like.

Description

Ultra-long gravity heat pipe with enhanced carrying limit
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gravity heat pipes of oil production well shafts, in particular to an ultra-long gravity heat pipe with enhanced carrying limit.
Background
The heat pipe is an efficient heat transfer device, and heat is rapidly transferred from the hot end to the cold end through phase change of an internal working medium. Specifically, when the heat pipe works, the working medium absorbs heat and vaporizes at the hot end (evaporation section), the working medium is transported to the cold end (condensation section) to be condensed and release heat under the action of saturation pressure difference between the hot end and the cold end, and the condensation liquid flows back to the evaporation section to absorb heat again under the action of gravity or capillary force, so that the working medium circularly flows. The gravity heat pipe refers to a heat pipe with condensate backflow driving force being gravity.
The heat pipe has extremely high equivalent thermal conductivity and excellent isothermal property, and is widely applied to heating and ventilating buildings, chemical engineering, electronic equipment cooling and the like. In recent years, with the enhancement of energy saving and environmental protection awareness, heat pipe technology is gaining more and more attention in the aspects of geothermal exploitation and utilization, waste heat recovery and the like. Compared with the conventional geothermal exploitation and utilization and waste heat recovery system, the heat pipe has the advantages that extra pump work is not required to be consumed, and on the other hand, because the working medium of the heat pipe only circulates in the pipe, the problems of working medium loss, pipeline scaling, environmental pollution and the like can be effectively avoided.
At present, much research is carried out on gravity assisted heat pipes with the length within 10m, and the gravity assisted heat pipes are successfully applied to development and utilization of shallow geothermal energy, such as snow melting, frozen soil layer stabilization and the like. Application concepts of using super-long gravity heat pipes to realize deep geothermal energy exploitation have been proposed, such as: the ultra-long heat pipe is used for transporting heat energy in the deep stratum to the upper part of a shaft to improve the temperature profile of shaft fluid, and the deep geothermal heat is exploited for power generation and the like. However, the length of the ultra-long gravity heat pipe can reach thousands of meters, and the length-diameter ratio can reach tens of thousands, so that the conventional formula and related parameters are not applicable.
For an ultra-long gravity heat pipe, the difficulty lies in the following aspects: (1) the heat transfer capacity is limited by heat pipe carry over limits. When the heat pipe works, the upward flowing high-speed steam flow and the downward flowing condensate film form steam-liquid countercurrent, and liquid film backflow is hindered under the action of steam-liquid interfacial shearing force, so that the heat transfer capacity of the gravity heat pipe is limited. (2) The accumulated liquid at the bottom of the ultra-long gravity heat pipe forms a heat transfer dead zone. In order to ensure the sufficient wetting of the hot end (evaporation section) of the heat pipe, a section of liquid column is usually required to be formed at the evaporation section of the heat pipe, and under the action of gravity, the pressure at the lower end of the liquid column is higher, and the corresponding saturation temperature is also higher. When the height of the liquid column is larger than a certain value, the saturation temperature of the liquid working medium is higher than the temperature of the heat source outside the pipe, and at the moment, the working medium cannot be subjected to phase change, so that a heat transfer dead zone is formed. (3) The steam flow path is long, the resistance is large, and the steam is difficult to flow to the condensation area. (4) The liquid film at the evaporation section may crack and dry due to the overlong heat pipe, and the heat transfer performance is reduced.
The design of the combined gravity heat pipe of the oil production well shaft (patent application number 201210511161.8) can solve the problems of carrying, boiling dead zones and the like caused by the large length-diameter ratio of the ultra-long gravity heat pipe, but the combined gravity heat pipe designed by the patent designs the inner cavity of the hollow sucker rod into the closed cavity of the gravity heat pipe, and the ultra-long gravity heat pipe is obtained by sequentially connecting the sucker rod heat pipes. However, the combined heat pipe mainly provides heat resistance at the connecting part of the adjacent heat pipes, which is not beneficial to lifting heat from the well bottom to the well head. The design of the cascade fin gravity heat pipe device for recovering low-grade waste heat in a shaft (patent application No. 201810554281.3) is also a combined heat pipe, and the connection part of the adjacent heat pipes is improved, but the structure is too complex and the cost is high.
For a gravity heat pipe with a conventional size, a common mode for enhancing the carrying limit is to arrange a coaxial conduit with a hole in an evaporation section, a condensation section or the whole gravity heat pipe. In the evaporation section, the working medium is boiled and evaporated in the gap between the gravity heat pipe and the coaxial conduit, the generated steam quickly overflows through the steam hole of the coaxial conduit and enters the conduit, the steam is conveyed upwards along the conduit to reach the condensation section, the steam enters the gap between the gravity heat pipe and the coaxial conduit from the conduit and is condensed on the wall of the gravity heat pipe, and the condensate flows back to the evaporation section along the gap, so that the shearing and carrying of the steam on the liquid film are avoided. The principle is also applicable to the ultra-long gravity heat pipe, but the technical difficulty and the cost are limited due to the coaxial guide pipe arranged in the ultra-long heat pipe.
Accordingly, those skilled in the art have endeavored to develop an ultra-long gravity heat pipe with enhanced carry-over limits to overcome the limitations of the existing solutions.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to reduce the shearing force of the ascending vapor flow to the descending liquid film and to improve the carrying limit of the heat pipe.
The invention aims to overcome the practical application difficulty of the conventional ultralong gravity heat pipe and provide the ultralong gravity heat pipe with the strengthened carrying limit, which has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost and wide applicability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an ultralong gravity heat pipe with enhanced carrying limit, which comprises an upper sealing end cover, a heat pipe base body, a lower sealing end cover and a vapor-liquid flow dividing device, wherein the upper sealing end cover is connected with the upper sealing end cover; the upper sealing end cover, the heat pipe base body and the lower sealing end cover form a closed cavity, the vapor-liquid flow dividing device is sleeved in the heat pipe base body, and a gap between the vapor-liquid flow dividing device and the heat pipe base body is a condensation liquid backflow channel; the central channel of the vapor-liquid flow dividing device is a vapor ascending channel; the vapor-liquid flow dividing device comprises a steel cable, a steel cable bracket and a steel cable clamp.
Furthermore, the upper sealing end cover, the lower sealing end cover and the heat pipe base body are welded together in a seamless mode, the upper sealing end cover is provided with a process interface, and the process interface is used for vacuumizing a heat pipe closed cavity and filling working media.
Furthermore, the steel cable is hung on the upper sealing end cover or the upper part of the heat pipe base body, the steel cable clamp is fixed on the steel cable, the steel cable support is hung on the steel cable through the steel cable clamp, and the steel cable is distributed near the inner wall of the heat pipe base body under the limiting action of the steel cable support.
Furthermore, the periphery of the steel cable support is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves, and the clamping grooves are used for fixing the steel cable and ensuring that the steel cable is not separated from the clamping grooves.
Furthermore, a through hole is formed in the center of the steel cable support and is a central hole of the steel cable support, and the central hole of the steel cable support is a part of the steam ascending channel.
Further, the upper end surface of the steel cable bracket is provided with a boss.
Further, the heat pipe base body is a continuous pipe, a multi-section welded pipe or a threaded connecting pipe.
Further, the heat pipe base body is made of metal materials, and a heat insulating layer can be added on the outer portion of the heat pipe base body.
Further, the wire rope may be a single strand wire rope, a braided multi-strand wire rope, or a steel strand.
Further, the diameter of the steel cable is less than 0.1 times of the inner diameter of the heat pipe base body.
Furthermore, the material of the heat pipe substrate can be carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy or copper; a strengthening structure such as a porous layer, a groove and a fin can be added in or outside the heat pipe matrix according to the requirement, and a heat insulating layer can be added in a certain range outside the heat pipe matrix according to the requirement; the inner diameter of the heat pipe matrix is preferably 1-1000mm, and the length is preferably 0.1-10000 m.
Furthermore, the working medium of the heat pipe is ammonia, water, carbon dioxide or other organic working media; the volume of the working medium is 5-30% of the inner volume of the closed cavity; the type of the working medium is related to the designed working temperature of the ultra-long heat pipe, and the ammonia is used as the working medium to have the best effect on the ultra-long heat pipe with the working temperature within 120 ℃.
Further, the steel cables can be distributed uniformly, non-uniformly, in parallel, in a staggered or crossed manner, wherein the staggered or crossed distribution refers to that the steel cables form a net structure and are distributed near the inner wall of the heat pipe base body.
Further, the cable holder has a thickness to prevent it from being turned and tilted in the heat pipe base, and preferably, the thickness is larger than that
Figure BDA0002484384090000031
Wherein D isiAnd doThe inner dimension of the heat pipe base body and the outer dimension of the steel cable bracket are respectively; the specific size, distribution and quantity of the steel cable supports are related to the type of working medium, the condensation amount, the arrangement form of the heat pipe matrix and the bearing capacity of the steel cable; the first function of steel cable support is to support the steel cable, makes the steel cable distribute near heat pipe base member inner wall, and the second function is the cloth liquid, forms a low-speed flow region directly over steel cable support promptly, makes the condensate flow along heat pipe base member inner wall through the clearance between steel cable support and the heat pipe base member downwards, realizes that the condensate distributes uniformly on the evaporation heat transfer surface of heat pipe evaporation zone, realizes falling film evaporation to strengthen the evaporation heat transfer process.
Further, the cable clip is an aluminum clip, a threaded clip or other components that can be fixed on the cable, and the cable clip size matches the cable size.
The working principle of the steam-liquid shunting device is that a plurality of steel cable groups are fixed near the inner wall of the heat pipe base body, so that a limited space is formed between the steel cables and the inner wall of the heat pipe base body and between adjacent steel cables, when a condensate film descends along the inner wall of the heat pipe base body, the steel cables serve as a barrier, the flow velocity of ascending steam near the liquid film is reduced, and therefore the shearing force of ascending steam flow on the descending liquid film is reduced.
The invention is suitable for any occasion needing to strengthen the carrying limit of the heat pipe, and is particularly suitable for heat tracing of the shaft of the oil well. In the lower part of the oil well, when the temperature of the produced liquid of the oil well and the stratum is higher, the produced liquid of the oil well is a heat source of the heat pipe, the heat is transferred to the ultra-long heat pipe by the produced liquid of the oil well, and the working medium in the ultra-long heat pipe absorbs heat and is vaporized at the lower part of the shaft and is transported upwards; on the upper part of the oil well, when the temperature of the produced liquid is lower than the temperature of the medium in the heat pipe, steam in the heat pipe is condensed into liquid, and heat is transferred to the produced liquid by the heat pipe to heat the produced liquid; the condensate flows back to the lower part of the heat pipe base body under the action of gravity to absorb heat again and evaporate, and the process is circulated, so that heat is transferred to a wellhead from the bottom of a well, the temperature of produced fluid at the upper part of a shaft is improved, the viscosity of crude oil is reduced, wax deposition of the shaft is removed, the fluidity of the crude oil of the shaft is improved, oil can be efficiently extracted, and the oil extraction cost is reduced.
The ultra-long gravity heat pipe with the enhanced carrying limit provided by the invention adopts a group of steel cables distributed near the wall surface of the heat pipe matrix to block ascending steam and descending condensate, reduces the shearing force of the ascending steam on the descending condensate, can obviously improve the carrying limit of the gravity heat pipe, has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, wide applicability and the like, and is particularly suitable for high-power and ultra-long gravity heat pipes.
Compared with the prior art, the vapor-liquid flow divider has the advantages that vapor-liquid flow in the ultra-long gravity heat pipe can be modulated by the vapor-liquid flow divider, so that the shearing and carrying effects of ascending vapor flow on descending liquid films are reduced, the carrying limit of the ultra-long gravity heat pipe is enhanced, and the performance of the ultra-long gravity heat pipe is improved; on the other hand, compared with a coaxial conduit with a hole, the vapor-liquid flow dividing device is more convenient to implement, lower in price and less in space occupation in the tube, and is more suitable for the ultra-long gravity heat tube; the ultra-long gravity heat pipe can be used for collecting deep geothermal energy, industrial waste heat or other heat energy needing long-distance transmission.
The conception, the specific structure and the technical effects of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings to fully understand the objects, the features and the effects of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an ultra-long gravity heat pipe with enhanced portability limit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion A of the ultra-long gravity heat pipe of the present invention with enhanced carry-over limits;
FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of a cable holder of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the wire rope stand of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an aluminum clip of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a threaded fastener of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the working state of the ultra-long heat pipe with enhanced carrying limit according to the present invention;
the heat pipe comprises a heat pipe body, a steam-liquid flow dividing device, a steel cable support boss, a steel cable support clamping groove, a steel cable support central hole, a steel cable clamp, a steel cable, a lower sealing end cover, a steam rising channel, a condensate liquid return channel, a heat pipe body, a heat releasing position, a heat pipe body, a working medium liquid level and a working medium liquid level, wherein the heat pipe body comprises 1-an upper sealing end cover, 2-the heat pipe body, 3-the steam-liquid flow dividing device, 31-the steel cable support, 311-the steel cable support boss, 312-the steel cable support clamping groove, 313-the steel cable support central hole, 32-the steel cable clamp, 33-the steel cable, 4-the lower sealing end cover, 5-the steam rising channel, 6-the condensate liquid return channel, 7-the heat pipe body heat releasing position, 8-the heat pipe body heat absorbing position and 9-the working medium liquid level.
Detailed Description
The technical contents of the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly and easily understood by referring to the drawings attached to the specification. The present invention may be embodied in many different forms of embodiments and the scope of the invention is not limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
In the drawings, structurally identical elements are represented by like reference numerals, and structurally or functionally similar elements are represented by like reference numerals throughout the several views. The size and thickness of each component shown in the drawings are arbitrarily illustrated, and the present invention is not limited to the size and thickness of each component. The thickness of the components may be exaggerated where appropriate in the figures to improve clarity.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4 and fig. 7, an ultra-long gravity heat pipe with enhanced carrying limit comprises an upper sealing end cover 1, a heat pipe base body 2, a lower sealing end cover 4 and a vapor-liquid diversion device 3; the upper sealing end cover 1, the heat pipe base body 2 and the lower sealing end cover 4 form a closed cavity, the vapor-liquid flow dividing device 3 is sleeved in the heat pipe base body 2, a gap between the vapor-liquid flow dividing device 3 and the heat pipe base body 2 is a condensation liquid backflow channel 6, and a central channel of the vapor-liquid flow dividing device is a vapor ascending channel 5. The upper sealing end cover 1, the lower sealing end cover 4 and the heat pipe base body 2 are welded together in a seamless mode, and the upper sealing end cover 1 is provided with a process interface for vacuumizing in a heat pipe closed cavity and filling working media. Before the device is used, the sealed cavity is firstly vacuumized by a vacuum pump, and then working media are filled into the sealed cavity through a process interface. Vapour liquid diverging device 3 includes steel cable 33, steel cable support 31 and steel cable clip 32, and steel cable 33 hangs in upper seal end cover 1 or heat pipe base member 2 upper portion, and steel cable clip 32 is fixed in on steel cable 33, and steel cable support 31 hangs on steel cable 33 through steel cable clip 32, and steel cable 33 distributes near heat pipe base member 2 inner wall under the limiting displacement of steel cable support 31. A plurality of slots 312 are formed on the periphery of one cable support 31, and the slots 312 are used for fixing the cable 33, so that the cable 33 is prevented from falling out of the slots 312. The centers of all the steel cable brackets 31 are provided with through holes which are steel cable bracket center holes 313, and the inner cavities enclosed by the steel cable brackets and a plurality of steel cables enclose a steam ascending channel 5. The upper end surface of the wire rope holder 31 has a projection 311 for preventing condensate from entering the steam raising passage 5. The diameter of the steel cable 33 is less than 0.1 times the inner diameter of the heat pipe base 2. The heat pipe base body 2 is a continuous pipe, a welded pipe or a threaded connecting pipe, and the material of the heat pipe base body can be carbon steel, stainless steel, aluminum alloy or copper. Reinforcing structures such as porous layers, grooves and fins may be added to the inside or outside of the heat pipe base 2 as required, or a heat insulating layer may be added to a certain range outside the heat pipe base 2 as required. The inner diameter of the heat pipe base body 2 is 1-1000mm, and the length is 0.1-10000 m.
The working medium of the sealed cavity of the ultralong gravity heat pipe is ammonia, water, carbon dioxide or other organic working medium, and the volume of the working medium is 5-30% of the inner volume of the sealed cavity. The type of the working medium is related to the designed working temperature of the ultra-long heat pipe, and the ammonia is used as the working medium to have the best effect on the ultra-long heat pipe with the working temperature within 120 ℃.
The steel cables 33 may be single steel cables or braided multi-strand steel cables or steel strands, such as 1 × 7,1 × 19, 7 × 7 braided multi-strand steel cables or 1 × 7,1 × 19 steel strands, the diameter of which is determined according to the inner diameter of the heat pipe base 2, preferably the diameter of the steel cables 33 is less than 0.1 times of the inner diameter of the heat pipe base 2, and the steel cables 33 may be distributed uniformly, non-uniformly, in parallel, in a staggered or crossed manner, wherein the staggered or crossed manner means that the steel cables 33 are distributed in a net structure near the inner wall of the heat pipe base 2. The size and distribution of the steel cable 33 are related to the inner size of the heat pipe matrix 2, the type of working medium, the arrangement form of the heat pipe matrix 2 and the condensation amount.
The shape of the cable holder 31 is matched with the shape of the cross section of the heat pipe base body 2, the external dimension of the cable holder 31 is slightly smaller than the internal dimension of the cross section of the heat pipe base body 2, and the gap between the two is used as a condensate return channel 6.
The cable holder 31 has a thickness to prevent it from turning and tilting in the heat pipe base 2, and preferably has a thickness larger than that
Figure BDA0002484384090000051
Wherein D isiAnd doThe inner dimension of the heat pipe base body 2 and the outer dimension of the wire rope holder 31 are respectively.
The specific size, distribution and number of the cable holders 31 are related to the type of working medium, the amount of condensation, the arrangement of the heat pipe bases 2 and the carrying capacity of the cable 33.
The first function of the steel cable support 31 is to support the steel cable 33, so that the steel cable 33 is distributed near the inner wall of the heat pipe matrix 2, and the second function is to distribute liquid, i.e. a low-speed flowing area is formed right above the steel cable support 31, so that the condensate flows downwards along the inner wall of the heat pipe matrix 2 through the gap between the steel cable support 31 and the heat pipe matrix 2, and the condensate is uniformly distributed on the evaporation heat exchange surface of the evaporation section of the heat pipe, thereby realizing falling film evaporation and strengthening the evaporation heat exchange process.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of an aluminum clip, fig. 6 is a schematic view of a threaded clip, and the cable clip 32 can be an aluminum clip, a threaded clip or other component that can be secured to the cable 33, the cable clip 32 being sized to match the cable 33.
As shown in FIG. 7, the heat pipe filled with working medium is lowered into the wellbore, and the heat pipe can work under the action of the temperature gradient of the formation. In the lower part of the oil well, when the temperature of the produced liquid of the oil well and the stratum is higher, the produced liquid of the oil well is a heat source of the heat pipe, the heat is transferred to a heat absorption position 8 of a base body of the heat pipe from the produced liquid of the oil well, the working medium in the overlong heat pipe absorbs heat and is vaporized in the lower part of a shaft, and the vaporized working medium rises along a steam rising channel 5; on the upper part of the oil well, when the temperature of the produced liquid is lower than the temperature of the working medium in the heat pipe, working medium steam in the heat pipe is condensed into liquid at a heat pipe base body heat release position 7 on the upper part of the shaft, and heat is transferred to the produced liquid from the heat pipe to heat the produced liquid; the working medium condensate flows back to the lower part of the heat pipe along the inner wall of the heat pipe base body 2 under the action of gravity. The liquid working medium is below the working medium liquid level 9, the working medium steam is above the working medium liquid level 9 in the steam ascending channel 5, the liquid working medium at the lower part absorbs heat and evaporates, the working medium steam at the upper part releases heat and condenses, the process is circulated, so that heat is transferred to a wellhead from a well bottom, the temperature of produced liquid at the upper part of a shaft is improved, the viscosity of crude oil is reduced, paraffin precipitation of the shaft is removed, the mobility of the crude oil of the shaft is improved, oil can be efficiently extracted, and the oil extraction cost is reduced.
The ultra-long gravity heat pipe with the enhanced carrying limit provided by the invention adopts a group of steel cables 33 distributed near the wall surface of the heat pipe base body 2 to block ascending steam and descending condensate, reduces the shearing force of the ascending steam on the descending condensate, can obviously improve the carrying limit of the gravity heat pipe, has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, wide applicability and the like, and is particularly suitable for high-power and ultra-long gravity heat pipes.
Examples
The following description of the invention is made in connection with wellbore heat tracing applications.
As shown in figures 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7, the ultra-long gravity heat pipe with the enhanced carrying limit is characterized in that the heat pipe base body 2 is a coiled pipe and is made of carbon steel, the inner diameter of the heat pipe base body 2 is 39.4mm, the outer diameter of the heat pipe base body is 50.8mm, and the length of the heat pipe base body is 4000 m. The upper sealing end cover 1, the lower sealing end cover 4 and the heat pipe base body 2 are welded together in a seamless mode, a process interface is arranged on the outer side of the upper sealing end cover 1 and used for vacuumizing a heat pipe sealed cavity and filling working media, before the heat pipe sealed cavity is used, the sealed cavity is vacuumized through a vacuum pump, then the working media are filled into the sealed cavity through the process interface, and the working media used in the embodiment are ammonia. The volume of ammonia charged into the closed chamber is 15% of the total volume of the closed chamber.
The vapor-liquid separation device 3 is composed of a plurality of steel cables 33, a plurality of steel cable holders 31 and a plurality of steel cable clamps 32, wherein the steel cables 33 are suspended on the upper part of the heat pipe base body 2, the steel cable clamps 32 are fixed on the steel cables 33, the steel cable holders 31 are suspended on the steel cables 33 through the steel cable clamps 32, and the steel cables 33 are distributed near the inner wall of the heat pipe base body 2 under the limiting action of the steel cable holders 31. The steel cables 33 are 7-by-7 braided multi-strand steel cables having a diameter of 3mm, and the steel cables 33 are uniformly distributed near the inner wall of the heat pipe base 2.
The cable support 31 has a plurality of slots 312 on its periphery, and the slots 312 are used for fixing the cable 33 to prevent the cable 33 from falling out of the slots 312. The upper end of the inner side of the cable holder 31 is provided with a boss 311 for preventing condensate from entering the steam passage 5.
The shape of the cable holder 31 is matched with the cross-sectional shape of the heat pipe base body 2, the outer dimension of the cable holder 31 is 38mm, and the thickness of the cable holder 31 is 25mm, which is enough to prevent it from turning and tilting in the heat pipe closed cavity. The plurality of steel cable supports 31 are uniformly distributed in the vertical direction in the heat pipe closed cavity and are arranged every 50 meters.
The first function of the steel cable support 31 is to support the steel cable 33, so that the steel cable 33 is distributed near the inner wall of the heat pipe matrix 2, and the second function is to distribute liquid, i.e. a low-speed flowing area is formed right above the steel cable support 31, so that the condensate flows downwards along the inner wall of the heat pipe matrix 2 through a gap between the steel cable support 31 and the inner wall of the heat pipe matrix 2, and the condensate is uniformly distributed on an evaporation heat exchange surface of a heat pipe evaporation section, falling film evaporation is realized, and the evaporation heat exchange process is enhanced.
The cable clips 32 are aluminum clips, the cable clips 32 being sized to match the size of the cable 33.
The ultra-long gravity heat pipe with the enhanced carrying limit provided by the invention adopts a group of steel cables 33 distributed near the inner wall surface of the heat pipe matrix 2 to block ascending steam and descending condensate, reduces the shearing force of the ascending steam on the descending condensate, can obviously improve the carrying limit of the gravity heat pipe, has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, wide applicability and the like, and is particularly suitable for high-power and ultra-long gravity heat pipes.
The invention is suitable for any occasion needing to strengthen the carrying limit of the heat pipe, and is particularly suitable for heat tracing of the shaft of the oil well.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (7)

1. An ultra-long gravity heat pipe for strengthening carrying limit is characterized by comprising an upper sealing end cover, a heat pipe base body, a lower sealing end cover and a vapor-liquid flow dividing device; the upper sealing end cover, the heat pipe base body and the lower sealing end cover form a closed cavity, the vapor-liquid flow dividing device is sleeved in the heat pipe base body, and a gap between the vapor-liquid flow dividing device and the heat pipe base body is a condensation liquid backflow channel; the central channel of the vapor-liquid flow dividing device is a vapor ascending channel; the vapor-liquid flow dividing device comprises a steel cable, a steel cable bracket and a steel cable clamp; the steel cable is hung on the upper sealing end cover or the upper part of the heat pipe base body, the steel cable clamp is fixed on the steel cable, the steel cable support is hung on the steel cable through the steel cable clamp, and the steel cable is distributed near the inner wall of the heat pipe base body under the limiting action of the steel cable support; a plurality of clamping grooves are formed in the periphery of the steel cable support and used for fixing a steel cable, so that the steel cable is prevented from falling off from the clamping grooves; the center of the steel cable support is provided with a through hole which is a central hole of the steel cable support, and the central hole of the steel cable support is a part of the gas ascending channel.
2. The ultra-long gravity heat pipe with the enhanced carrying limit of claim 1, wherein the upper sealing end cover, the lower sealing end cover and the heat pipe base body are welded together in a seamless manner, the upper sealing end cover is provided with a process interface, and the process interface is used for vacuumizing a heat pipe closed cavity and filling working media.
3. The ultra-long gravity heat pipe with enhanced portability limit of claim 1, wherein the upper end surface of the wire rope holder has a boss.
4. The ultra-long gravity heat pipe with enhanced portability limit of claim 1, wherein the heat pipe substrate is a continuous pipe, a multi-segment welded pipe or a threaded connection pipe.
5. The ultra-long gravity heat pipe with enhanced portability limit of claim 1, wherein the heat pipe substrate is made of metal and a thermal insulation layer is added on the outside.
6. The enhanced carry limit superlong gravity heat pipe of claim 1 wherein the wire rope is a single wire rope, a braided multi-wire rope, or a twisted wire.
7. The ultra-long gravity heat pipe with enhanced portability limit of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the steel cable is less than 0.1 times the inner diameter of the heat pipe base.
CN202010386954.6A 2020-05-09 2020-05-09 Ultra-long gravity heat pipe with enhanced carrying limit Active CN111551058B (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115823918B (en) * 2022-11-22 2023-11-10 山东大学 Annular ultra-long gravity heat pipe system and method for oil and gas well reconstruction
CN115790219B (en) * 2022-11-22 2024-05-28 山东大学 Ultra-long gravity heat pipe device for extracting geothermal energy in waste oil-gas well

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CN2613740Y (en) * 2003-04-17 2004-04-28 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 Heat pipe
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CN103453791A (en) * 2013-08-14 2013-12-18 奉化市垭特机电科技有限公司 Gravity assisted heat pipe enhanced heat transfer structure
CN106705724A (en) * 2017-01-23 2017-05-24 中车大连机车研究所有限公司 Fluffy fin fiber composite groove type heat pipe
CN208221763U (en) * 2018-04-18 2018-12-11 江西新正耀科技有限公司 A kind of new-energy automobile harness pipe clamp

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2613740Y (en) * 2003-04-17 2004-04-28 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 Heat pipe
US20100319882A1 (en) * 2009-06-17 2010-12-23 Yeh-Chiang Technology Corp. Ultra-thin heat pipe and manufacturing method thereof
CN103453791A (en) * 2013-08-14 2013-12-18 奉化市垭特机电科技有限公司 Gravity assisted heat pipe enhanced heat transfer structure
CN106705724A (en) * 2017-01-23 2017-05-24 中车大连机车研究所有限公司 Fluffy fin fiber composite groove type heat pipe
CN208221763U (en) * 2018-04-18 2018-12-11 江西新正耀科技有限公司 A kind of new-energy automobile harness pipe clamp

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