CN111550859A

CN111550859A - Partition type solar ventilation and heating system capable of alternately operating day and night

Info

Publication number: CN111550859A
Application number: CN202010305063.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李勇; 董明月; 刘艳峰; 王登甲; 刘加平
Original assignee: Xian University of Architecture and Technology
Current assignee: Xian University of Architecture and Technology
Priority date: 2020-04-17
Filing date: 2020-04-17
Publication date: 2020-08-18

Abstract

The invention provides a partition type solar ventilation heating system capable of alternately operating day and night, which comprises a solar air heat collector; the first ventilation channel is arranged on one side of the indoor wall body and is provided with a first opening, and the first opening is connected with the air outlet end of the solar air heat collector through a first guide pipe; the second ventilation channel is arranged on the other side of the indoor wall body, a second opening is formed in the second ventilation channel, and the second opening is connected with the air inlet end of the solar air heat collector through a second conduit; the circulating fan is arranged on the first guide pipe or the second guide pipe; the phase change layer is arranged in the second ventilation channel; the air opening is formed in one side, far away from the first opening, of the indoor wall body and used for communicating the first ventilation channel with the second ventilation channel; the temperature sensing controller is arranged on the indoor wall body and used for sensing the temperature of the air passing through the second ventilation channel; the controller is arranged on the indoor wall body, and when the temperature controller senses that the air temperature is greater than a preset value, the controller can control the opening of the air port and the ventilation device.

Description

Partition type solar ventilation and heating system capable of alternately operating day and night

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of solar phase change heat storage, in particular to a partition type solar ventilation and heating system capable of alternately operating day and night.

Background

At present, the building energy consumption accounts for nearly 30% of the global energy consumption, China is no exception, the total social energy consumption of China is continuously increased along with the rapid rise of the national economic level, the reduction of the building energy consumption is vital at present in order to promote energy conservation and emission reduction and optimize an energy structure, the increase speed of the energy use of the heating ventilation air conditioning industry is particularly obvious in the building field, and therefore the method for reducing the heating energy consumption, reasonably utilizing natural resources and maintaining ecological balance is certainly an effective way.

In western China, particularly in Qinghai-Tibet areas, the altitude is higher, the spring and winter are cold, the sunshine is sufficient all the year round, the solar energy resource is rich, as is well known, the solar energy is green, clean and renewable, and the development prospect is huge, but the solar energy is discontinuous, dispersed, unstable and intermittent, so local residents mostly receive solar radiation as much as possible by changing the structural form, the position orientation and the like of residential buildings, and the solar energy is not fully utilized. For local residents, how to efficiently collect solar energy and realize peak shifting and valley filling of the local residents is critical, so that the problems that the temperature difference between day and night of a building is large, heating at night is difficult, and the heating of each room has time difference due to different functions are solved.

At present, the phase change energy storage technology is developed rapidly, and the PCM packaging body can be combined with building wallboards, floors, ceilings and can be directly added into building materials. The phase change heat storage wall has the problems that the structure form is single, hot air is mainly introduced into the pipe or PCM is mainly packaged in the pipe, the PCM packaging body is insufficient in quality, the temperature rise at night is slow, the heating efficiency is low, and the wall is not designed according to local conditions.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a partition type solar ventilation and heating system capable of alternately operating day and night, and solve the problems that in the prior art, a phase change heat storage wall is single in structural form, hot air is mainly introduced into a pipe or PCM is mainly packaged in the pipe, the PCM packaging body quality is insufficient, the temperature rise at night is slow, and the like.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a partition type solar ventilation heating system capable of alternately operating day and night comprises: a solar air collector; the first ventilation channel is arranged on one side of the indoor wall body, a first opening is formed in the first ventilation channel, and the first opening is connected with the air outlet end of the solar air heat collector through a first guide pipe; the second ventilation channel is arranged on the other side of the indoor wall body, a second opening is formed in the second ventilation channel, and the second opening is connected with the air inlet end of the solar air heat collector through a second conduit; the circulating fan is arranged on the first guide pipe or the second guide pipe and is used for enabling hot air to circularly flow among the solar air heat collector, the first ventilation channel and the second ventilation channel; the phase change layer is arranged in the second ventilation channel and is used for absorbing and storing heat in the hot air entering the second ventilation channel; the air opening is arranged on one side, far away from the first opening, of the indoor wall body and used for communicating the first ventilation channel with the second ventilation channel; the temperature sensing and controlling device is arranged on the indoor wall and used for sensing the temperature of the air passing through the second ventilation channel; the controller is arranged on the indoor wall body, and when the temperature controller senses that the air temperature is greater than a preset value, the controller can control the air opening to be opened.

The solar ventilation heating system further comprises a ventilation device which is arranged on the air opening, connected with the controller and used for accelerating the flow of hot air between the first ventilation channel and the second ventilation channel.

The phase change layer is a PCM packaging body.

And protective covers are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the first ventilation channel and the second ventilation channel and are made of high-temperature-resistant plastics.

The ventilation device is an axial flow fan.

The preset value is 50 ℃.

The first opening and the second opening are provided with grille type air port covers which are used for preventing dust and garbage from entering in a non-heating period.

The tuyere is a plurality of rotatory tuyeres.

And brick-concrete structures are arranged on the surfaces of the upper side and the lower side of the indoor wall.

The first ventilation channel, the second ventilation channel and the phase change layer are arranged in parallel.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:

according to the heating system disclosed by the invention, (I) the solar air heat collector is combined with the wall body, green and clean solar energy is effectively utilized, the high energy utilization rate of shifting the solar energy to peak and filling the valley is realized by differentially designing the wall body structure and changing the ventilation mode, and the heating effect of each room is optimized.

The heating system comprises an indoor wall, a first ventilation channel, a second ventilation channel and a PCM packaging body, wherein the first ventilation channel and the second ventilation channel are arranged on the indoor wall, the PCM packaging body is filled in the second ventilation channel, a user selects a PCM packaging body material for determining phase change temperature according to self demand and ambient temperature, when the heating system operates in daytime, hot air heated by a solar air heat collector firstly exchanges heat with indoor air in a living room through the first ventilation channel, then enters the second ventilation channel to store heat in the PCM packaging body, so that high energy utilization rate in the temperature reduction process of heat exchange medium hot air is ensured, the PCM packaging body is made into a rectangular plate with certain thickness and is filled and fixed in the second ventilation channel, and a gap is reserved between the PCM packaging body and the second ventilation channel to form a ventilation channel so as to ensure normal flow of the hot air and maximize the contact area with the phase change packaging body.

The heating system can be skillfully combined with the residential building law of western regions, one side of the two sides of a common indoor wall is mostly a living room, heating is needed only in daytime, the other side of the wall is a bedroom, and heating is needed at night, so that one side of the wall close to the first ventilation channel is close to the living room, high-temperature hot air flows in the first ventilation channel in daytime to heat the indoor, one side close to the second ventilation channel is close to the bedroom, and a PCM packaging body in the second ventilation channel stores heat in daytime and releases heat at night, so that the purpose of heating in the bedroom is achieved.

According to the heating system, the air opening, the axial flow fan, the temperature sensing controller and the controller are arranged in the wall body, so that when the temperature sensing controller senses that the temperature of hot air in the first ventilation channel is higher than 50 ℃, the controller can control the air opening to be opened, and the hot air enters the second ventilation channel under the drainage of the axial flow fan and then is absorbed by the PCM packaging body.

(V) the heating system of the invention enters the first ventilation channel of the wall body by hot air heated by the solar air heat collector in the daytime, and then the hot air and the aluminum alloy plate carry out heat convection, the heat conduction inside the aluminum alloy plate, the heat convection between the aluminum alloy plate and the indoor air and the heat transfer of the other wall body and object surface radiation to transfer heat to the living room, thus realizing uniform heating and stable temperature rise, building a comfortable indoor thermal environment and improving the heating efficiency, wherein the aluminum alloy plate has good heat transfer performance, and the outside is additionally provided with a high-temperature resistant plastic protective cover to prevent the human body from being scalded when contacting the panel surface.

(VI) the heating system of the invention realizes that the air inlet covers the grid type air inlet cover in the non-heating period by arranging the grid type air inlet covers on the first air inlet and the second air inlet of the solar air heat collector, thereby effectively preventing dust and garbage from entering.

(VII) in the heating period, when the external indoor thermal environment changes, the PCM packaging body automatically generates melting and solidification phase changes of heat absorption and heat release, thereby automatically adjusting the room temperature. And the air port is closed in the non-heating period, the solar air heat collector stops running, the axial flow fan is closed, but the wall body can realize the automatic adjustment of the room temperature to a certain degree by means of the heat conduction, the convection heat exchange and the radiation heat transfer of the wall body by means of the self characteristics of the PCM packaging body.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a heating system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the combination structure of the indoor wall, the first baffle and the second baffle of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the combination structure of the indoor wall, the first baffle and the second baffle of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the daytime hot air flow structure of the heating system of the invention.

1-a solar air heat collector, 2-a first ventilation channel, 3-a second ventilation channel, 4-a circulating fan, 5-a phase change layer, 6-an air port, 7-a ventilation device, 8-a temperature sensing and controlling device, 9-an indoor wall, 10-a protective cover, 11-a brick-concrete structure and 12-a controller;

201-first opening, 202-first conduit, 203-air outlet end;

301-second opening, 302-second conduit, 303-air intake end.

Detailed Description

Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise.

The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures. Although some specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail by way of examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the above examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the above embodiments without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

The embodiment provides a partition type solar ventilation heating system capable of alternately operating day and night, as shown in fig. 1-4, comprising a solar air heat collector 1, a first ventilation channel 2, a second ventilation channel 3, a circulating fan 4, a phase change layer 5, an air port 6, a temperature sensing and controlling device 8 and a controller 12, wherein the first ventilation channel 2 is arranged on one side of an indoor wall 9, the first ventilation channel 2 is provided with a first opening 201, and the first opening 201 is connected with an air outlet end 203 of the solar air heat collector 1 through a first conduit 202; the second ventilation channel 3 is arranged on the other side of the indoor wall 9, a second opening 301 is arranged on the second ventilation channel 3, and the second opening 301 is connected with the air inlet end 303 of the solar air heat collector 1 through a second conduit 302; the circulating fan 4 is arranged on the first conduit 202 or the second conduit 302 and is used for enabling hot air to circularly flow among the solar air heat collector 1, the first ventilation channel 2 and the second ventilation channel 3; the phase change layer 5 is arranged in the second ventilation channel 3 and is used for absorbing and storing heat in the hot air entering the second ventilation channel 3; the air opening 6 is arranged on one side of the indoor wall body 9, which is far away from the first opening 201, and is used for communicating the first ventilation channel 2 with the second ventilation channel 3; the temperature sensing and controlling device 8 is arranged on the indoor wall 9 and used for sensing the temperature of the air passing through the second ventilation channel 3; the controller 12 is arranged on the indoor wall 9, and when the temperature controller senses that the air temperature is greater than a preset value, the controller can control the air opening 6 to be opened.

According to the ventilation heating system, the solar air heat collector 1 is used for heating air, hot air is supplied according to the living law of residents, a first ventilation channel 2 is arranged on one side, close to a living room, of an indoor wall body 9, a first opening 201 is formed in the first ventilation channel 2, a second ventilation channel 3 is arranged on one side, close to a bedroom, of the indoor wall body 9, a second opening 301 is formed in the second ventilation channel 2, the hot air enters the first ventilation channel through the first opening in the daytime, on the one hand, the living room is heated, on the other hand, the hot air enters the second ventilation channel 3 through an air opening 6 in the indoor wall body 9 in an accelerating mode under the action of a ventilation device 7 and exchanges heat with a phase change layer 5, and the hot air is absorbed and stored by the phase change layer 5; the cold air after heat exchange enters the solar air heat collector 1 to be heated under the action of the circulating fan 4; at night, the solar air heat collector 1 stop work, and the air temperature in the first ventilation passageway 2 reduces, and when sensing air temperature through temperature sensing and control ware 8 and being less than the default of settlement, the controller can control wind gap 6 and close, and ventilation unit stop work, simultaneously, the phase change material heat dissipation is the bedroom heating, has realized the high-efficient utilization of solar energy.

In fig. 1-4, the arrows indicate the direction of air flow, the side adjacent to the first opening 201 is a living room, and the side adjacent to the second opening 301 is a bedroom; the solar energy of the region of hiding is abundant, daylight is sufficient on daytime, utilize solar air heat collector 1 to collect solar heat energy, can prepare a large amount of high temperature hot-air and carry for first ventilation passageway through first pipe, first ventilation passageway and second ventilation passageway are formed by aluminium alloy plate and indoor wall combination respectively, hot-air and aluminium alloy plate heat convection, the inside heat conduction of aluminium alloy plate and indoor air heat convection to indoor heat transfer, realize the homogenization heating and stabilize the intensification, build comfortable indoor thermal environment, improve heating efficiency.

As a preferable solution of this embodiment, the solar ventilation and heating system further includes a ventilation device 7, which is disposed on the air opening 6 and connected to the controller, and is used for accelerating the flow of the hot air between the first ventilation channel 2 and the second ventilation channel 3.

As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the phase change layer 5 is a PCM package, a phase change temperature range of the PCM package is 35 ℃ to 45 ℃, and in this embodiment, a PCM material with a phase change temperature of 40 ℃ is used.

As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the outer sides of the first ventilation channel 2 and the second ventilation channel 3 are respectively provided with a protective cover 10, and the protective covers 10 are made of high temperature resistant plastics, so as to prevent a user with an excessively high temperature from being burned by skin during a process of walking indoors.

As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the ventilation device 7 is an axial fan, and when the air opening 6 is opened, the flow of hot air can be guided and accelerated, so as to accelerate the flow of hot air, and improve the heating efficiency.

As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the preset value is 50 ℃, and when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the air in the first ventilation channel 201 is less than 50 ℃, the controller controls the air opening to be closed and stops the operation of the axial flow fan.

As a preferable solution of this embodiment, a grid-type air flap is disposed on the first opening 201 and the second opening 301, and is used for preventing dust and garbage from entering during a non-heating period.

The tuyere 6 is a plurality of rotatory tuyeres, and this embodiment always adopts 3 rotatory tuyeres.

As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, brick-concrete structures 11 are disposed on the upper and lower side surfaces of the indoor wall 9 for bearing, supporting and separating.

As a preferable scheme of this embodiment, the first ventilation channel (2), the second ventilation channel (3) and the phase change layer 5 are arranged in parallel.

The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:

in the heating period, the solar heat collector is used for obtaining hot air in the daytime, the high-temperature hot air enters the first ventilation channel at the temperature of 80-160 ℃, the hot air is in heat convection with the aluminum alloy plate on one side of the first ventilation channel, the heat is conducted inside the aluminum alloy plate, is in heat convection with indoor air and is in heat transfer with the surfaces of other walls and objects to transfer heat to the living room, uniform heating and stable temperature rise are realized, a comfortable indoor thermal environment is created, the heating efficiency is improved, in addition, a high-temperature-resistant plastic protective cover is additionally arranged outside the first ventilation channel, and the human body is prevented from being scalded when the contact panel is contacted with the surface. Meanwhile, when the temperature sensing and controlling device senses that the temperature of hot air is higher than 50 ℃, the controller can control the air port and the ventilation device to be opened, the fan-shaped wind shields of the air port rotate 90 degrees anticlockwise, the two fan-shaped wind shields of the air port are overlapped with the other two fan-shaped wind shields, the opened fan is helpful for guiding the hot air, the hot air is accelerated to turn and enter the second ventilation channel and then flow along gaps on two sides of the PCM packaging body, the hot air is fully subjected to heat exchange with the PCM packaging body to enable the PCM packaging body to absorb a large amount of latent heat, the PCM packaging body gradually melts and completely changes a phase state from a solid state to a liquid state after absorbing heat, solar energy is stored in the PCM packaging body in a phase change energy mode, the temperature of the hot air is obviously reduced, and the hot air returns to the solar air heat collector through the second opening. Therefore, the hot air from the solar air heat collector can supply heat to the living room in the daytime, the problem that the functional characteristic type heating of the room is different in time is solved, the heat storage of the PCM packaging body is realized, and energy is provided for the night work of the solar ventilation heating system. Wherein, open the grid formula flap on first wind gap and the second seal before the hot-air is led to the heating period, close grid formula flap and prevent to get into dust and rubbish in the non-heating period.

At night, the solar air heat collector stops working, the indoor temperature stops suddenly, when the temperature sensor detects that the air temperature in the first ventilation channel is lower than 50 ℃, the controller controls the air port to be closed, the ventilation device stops working, the living room does not need to be heated, and only a bedroom has a heating requirement. Due to the temperature difference, the PCM packaging body transfers a large amount of stored heat energy into the bedroom through heat transfer modes such as convection heat exchange between the PCM packaging body and the air, convection heat exchange between an aluminum alloy plate on one side of the second ventilation channel and the indoor air, radiation heat exchange with the surface of other objects and the like in sequence, and the temperature of the bedroom is increased. The PCM packaging body releases stored heat, the phase state is changed from liquid state to solid state, if the indoor air temperature does not reach the PCM packaging body temperature, the PCM packaging body can continuously release heat, the heat is continuously released until the temperature of the bedroom is the same as that of the PCM packaging body, and the work of the solar ventilation heating system is finished in the bedroom heating process.

When the solar ventilating and heating system is powered on in a non-heating period, the solar ventilating and heating system can play a role according to actual conditions in transitional seasons, the solar ventilating and heating system has the function of automatically adjusting the indoor temperature, and the PCM packaging body can automatically generate melting and solidification phase changes of heat absorption and heat release due to the change of the external and indoor thermal environments, so that the room temperature is automatically adjusted. The air inlet is closed in the non-heating period, the solar air heat collector stops running, but the solar ventilation heating system can realize the automatic adjustment of the room temperature to a certain degree by means of heat conduction, convection heat exchange and radiation heat transfer of the indoor wall body by means of the characteristics of the PCM packaging body.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a partition type solar ventilation heating system of operation in turn round clock which characterized in that includes:

a solar air collector (1);

the first ventilation channel (2) is arranged on one side of the indoor wall (9), a first opening (201) is formed in the first ventilation channel (2), and the first opening (201) is connected with an air outlet end (203) of the solar air heat collector (1) through a first guide pipe (202);

the second ventilation channel (3) is arranged on the other side of the indoor wall (9), a second opening (301) is formed in the second ventilation channel (3), and the second opening (301) is connected with the air inlet end (303) of the solar air heat collector (1) through a second conduit (302);

the circulating fan (4) is arranged on the first conduit (202) or the second conduit (302) and is used for enabling hot air to circularly flow among the solar air heat collector (1), the first ventilation channel (2) and the second ventilation channel (3);

the phase change layer (5) is arranged in the second ventilation channel (3) and is used for absorbing and storing heat in the hot air entering the second ventilation channel (3);

the air opening (6) is arranged on one side, away from the first opening (201), of the indoor wall body (9) and used for communicating the first ventilation channel (2) with the second ventilation channel (3);

the temperature sensing and controlling device (8) is arranged on the indoor wall body (9) and used for sensing the temperature of the air passing through the second ventilation channel (3);

and the controller (12) is arranged on the indoor wall body (9), and when the temperature controller senses that the air temperature is greater than a preset value, the controller can control the air opening (6) to be opened.

2. The ventilated heating system according to claim 1, further comprising a ventilation device (7) provided on the tuyere (6) and connected to the controller for accelerating the flow of the heated air between the first ventilation channel (2) and the second ventilation channel (3).

3. Ventilated heating system according to claim 1, wherein the phase change layer (5) is a PCM package.

4. The ventilated heating system according to claim 1, wherein the first ventilation channel (2) and the second ventilation channel (3) are respectively provided with a protective cover (10) on the outer side, and the protective covers are made of high-temperature-resistant plastic.

5. Ventilated heating system according to claim 2, wherein said ventilation means (7) is an axial fan.

6. The ventilated heating system according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined value is 50 ℃.

7. The ventilated heating system according to claim 1, wherein the first opening (201) and the second opening (301) are provided with grill type air port covers for preventing dust and garbage from entering during a non-heating period.

8. The ventilated heating system according to claim 1, wherein the tuyere (6) is a plurality of rotating tuyeres.

9. The ventilated heating system according to claim 1, wherein the upper and lower side surfaces of the indoor wall (9) are provided with brick-and-concrete structures (11).

10. The ventilated heating system according to claim 1, wherein the first ventilation channel (2), the second ventilation channel (3), and the phase change layer (5) are arranged in parallel.