CN111550275A - Unidirectional ventilation system driven by piston wind and control method - Google Patents
Unidirectional ventilation system driven by piston wind and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111550275A CN111550275A CN202010338784.4A CN202010338784A CN111550275A CN 111550275 A CN111550275 A CN 111550275A CN 202010338784 A CN202010338784 A CN 202010338784A CN 111550275 A CN111550275 A CN 111550275A
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- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 212
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 206010000369 Accident Diseases 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 16
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61B1/00—General arrangement of stations, platforms, or sidings; Railway networks; Rail vehicle marshalling systems
- B61B1/02—General arrangement of stations and platforms including protection devices for the passengers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
- E06B7/00—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows
- E06B7/02—Special arrangements or measures in connection with doors or windows for providing ventilation, e.g. through double windows; Arrangement of ventilation roses
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
- E21F1/14—Air partitions; Air locks
- E21F1/145—Air locks
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a unidirectional ventilation system driven by piston wind and a control method, wherein the ventilation system comprises a tunnel and a space chamber arranged close to the side of the tunnel, a unidirectional ventilation device is arranged between the space chamber and the tunnel, the unidirectional ventilation device comprises a turbine ball formed by splicing a plurality of arc-shaped shutters, the center of the turbine ball is provided with a central shaft, the end part of the turbine ball is provided with a neck pipe, the inner cavity of the neck pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the turbine ball, the inner cavity of the neck pipe is also provided with a wind valve used for communicating or blocking the space at two sides of the inner cavity of the neck pipe, the arc-shaped shutters and the central shaft are obliquely arranged at a certain angle, a high-speed running train generates horizontal wind force, the ventilation system generates rotating torque and drives the turbine ball to continuously rotate under the action of the horizontal wind force, the rotating turbine ball axially sucks air from the other side of the neck pipe, thereby realizing the unidirectional ventilation of the ventilation system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail transit, in particular to a unidirectional ventilation system driven by piston wind and a control method.
Background
At present, urban rail transit platform door wide application receives the influence that air conditioner energy consumption is higher etc. in summer, and except that the totally closed platform door system of general adoption outside the severe cold district, especially newly-built underground station, in totally closed platform door system, the ventilation of underground station mainly relies on ventilation air conditioner. But from the perspective of the energy consumption of the ventilation air conditioner: outdoor air temperature is high in summer, and the platform door blocks ventilation of the tunnel and the station, so that energy consumption of an air conditioner is reduced; and in other seasons, the outdoor air temperature is low, and the platform door blocks the ventilation of the tunnel and the underground station, so that the ventilation energy consumption is increased.
In order to solve the above problems, in recent years, a composite platform door system in which an openable strip-shaped ventilation opening is additionally arranged above a fully-closed platform door is provided, and ventilation of an underground station and a tunnel is realized by opening and closing the ventilation opening. However, from the perspective of maintaining the quality of air in the station, in the ventilation season, the opening of the composite platform door system inevitably leads to bidirectional disordered ventilation between the tunnel and the platform, on one hand, when a train enters the station, positive pressure piston wind at the front part of the train can press high-temperature dirty air in the tunnel into the station, and on the other hand, when the train leaves the station, huge negative pressure suction force can generate larger wind power and noise, thereby affecting the riding experience and physical and mental health of passengers.
Therefore, how to maintain the air quality in the platform of the underground station and save the energy consumption of the station ventilation air-conditioning system becomes a problem to be solved urgently in the ventilation system of the underground station.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: adopt combined type platform door system to realize among the prior art the underground station ventilation in-process, the unable problem of avoiding tunnel high temperature and dirty air entering station that exists, an one-way ventilation system who utilizes piston wind driven is provided, this system is through installing one-way ventilation unit, utilize tunnel piston wind to realize carrying out one-way ventilation to the subway station, realize zero energy consumption ventilation, the mode of two-way ventilation between original station space and the tunnel has been changed, it is single to the tunnel to realize the subway station space, last, stable ventilation, the problem that current platform door ventilation system can't avoid tunnel high temperature and dirty air entering station has effectively been solved.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an utilize one-way ventilation system of piston wind drive, includes the tunnel to and station or the space room that the close proximity tunnel side was arranged, arranged on the structure side wall between station or space room and the tunnel as above one-way ventilation unit, one-way ventilation unit includes the turbine ball, and this turbine ball is provided with the center pin, and this turbine ball is formed by the concatenation of multi-disc arc tripe, the tip of turbine ball is equipped with the neck pipe, just the inner chamber of neck pipe with the inner chamber of turbine ball communicates with each other, the blast gate is still installed to the inner chamber of neck pipe, and this blast gate is used for the space of intercommunication or blocking neck pipe inner chamber both sides, neck pipe one end is located station or space room one side, and turbine ball one end is located tunnel one side.
Gaps are formed among a plurality of arc-shaped shutters of the unidirectional ventilation device to form crescent-shaped wind holes, the arc-shaped shutters and the central shaft are arranged in a certain angle to form an inclined streamline shape, a rotating torque is generated under the action of external horizontal wind (the wind direction is vertical to the axis of the central shaft), the arc-shaped shutters drive the whole turbine ball to rotate continuously under the action of the rotating torque, the rotating turbine ball sucks air from the other side of the neck pipe axially through a wind valve, gas is accelerated and pressurized and then is discharged from the wind holes among the arc-shaped shutters along the radial direction, and finally the purpose that energy is converted from horizontal wind kinetic energy into potential energy (pressure) and then converted into radial wind kinetic energy is achieved, so that unidirectional ventilation is achieved.
Through at the blast gate of neck pipe inner chamber installation, can effective control one-way ventilation unit's operating condition, under the state that need not ventilate, through closing the blast gate, prevent one-way ventilation unit operation, under the state that needs ventilate, open the blast gate, realize singlely, last, stably ventilate.
The space room comprises an equipment room, a storage room, a monitoring room and the like, the space room or the station is arranged close to the tunnel, a structural side wall is usually arranged between the space room and the station, a platform door is arranged on the structural side wall of the station, a one-way ventilation device is arranged on the structural side wall above the platform door or the structural side wall of the space room adjacent to the tunnel, and ventilation is realized by fully utilizing the characteristic that tunnel piston wind flows in one direction along the length direction of the tunnel.
Piston wind refers to that a train running at a high speed in a tunnel can drive air in the tunnel to flow at a high speed, the air is compressed gas by a piston in a cylinder, when the train running at a high speed enters the tunnel, the air in the tunnel is originally static, high-pressure waves are generated due to the collision of the train, and the high-pressure waves are transmitted at a speed which is nearly as high as sound (far higher than the running speed of the train), so that the high-pressure waves generated when the train enters the tunnel are rapidly transmitted downstream, the air in the tunnel is immediately accelerated, reflected waves are generated when pressure waves reach a downstream tunnel opening, the reflected waves are transmitted upstream of the tunnel, and the air in the tunnel transmitted by the reflected waves is accelerated again. The same train tail enters the tunnel to generate a negative pressure wave which can also act on the air flow speed in the tunnel, the device utilizes tunnel piston wind to generate a rotation torque, the arc-shaped shutters of the one-way ventilation device drive the whole turbine ball to continuously rotate under the action of the rotation torque, the rotating turbine ball axially sucks air from the other side of the neck pipe, namely from one side of the station or the space chamber, the air is accelerated and pressurized and then is discharged into the tunnel from the air holes between the arc-shaped shutters along the radial direction to realize the one-way ventilation of the station or the space chamber, the piston wind generated by the train running in the tunnel drives the one-way ventilation device to run, the functions are not needed, the zero-energy-consumption ventilation is realized, the original two-way ventilation mode between the station space and the tunnel is changed, and the single and continuous ventilation of the station space to the tunnel space can be ensured, Stable ventilation, also can suck the indoor air in station or space always and arrange to the tunnel space, effectively solved current platform door ventilation system and can't avoid the problem that tunnel high temperature and dirty air got into the station.
The unidirectional ventilation device is applied to the tunnel to form a unidirectional ventilation system, the air valve is opened in a ventilation season, piston wind is fully utilized to drive the turbine ball to rotate, air is sucked from the station to enter the tunnel, unidirectional ventilation of a station public area or an equipment room is realized, and dirty air in the tunnel is prevented from entering the station while the ventilation volume of the station space is increased; in the air-conditioning season, the air valve is closed, the connection between the station space and the tunnel is cut off, the station air exhaust volume and the fresh air introduction scale are reduced, and the annual operation energy conservation of the station ventilation air-conditioning system is finally realized.
Preferably, the one-way ventilation system includes a plurality of one-way ventilation devices arranged side by side on the structural side wall of the station platform door or the space room.
A plurality of one-way ventilation devices are arranged, so that the ventilation efficiency can be increased, and the ventilation effect is ensured.
Preferably, a neck tube framework for supporting the neck tube framework is arranged in the neck tube, and the neck tube framework comprises a plurality of support rods arranged along the radial direction of the neck tube.
Further, a bearing for supporting the rotation of the central shaft is arranged at the center of the neck pipe framework, and a plurality of support rods are connected to the outer side of the bearing and connected with the inner wall of the neck pipe.
Furthermore, a plurality of the support rods are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the outer part of the bearing.
Preferably, the air valve is an electric air valve, and the electric air valve is controlled by a control box. The electric air valve is adopted, and the opening and closing state of the electric air valve is controlled through the control box, so that remote control can be realized, and the automatic ventilation system can be conveniently established in an underground station.
Further, the control box is installed on the outer wall of the neck pipe and is electrically connected with the electric air valve.
Preferably, a turbo ball framework for supporting the turbo ball framework is arranged in the turbo ball, and the turbo ball framework comprises a plurality of supporting strips arranged along the radial direction of the turbo ball.
One-way ventilation unit is in the rotation state all the time at the use, and the skeleton that includes many spinal branchs vaulting pole is arranged in the turbine ball, can guarantee turbine ball stable in structure.
Preferably, turbine ball skeleton still includes many bracing, many the support bar is connected to bracing one end, and on the other end was connected to the center pin through the bearing, formed triangle bearing structure.
The turbine ball framework with the triangular supporting structure can further strengthen the structural stability of the one-way ventilation device, and ensures that the turbine ball always safely and stably rotates.
Preferably, the end of the neck pipe is provided with a turbine ball guide rail for the turbine ball to rotate in the guide rail.
The turbine ball guide rail is located the neck pipe and is close to turbine ball one end, and this turbine ball guide rail is U-shaped spout structure, the tip of turbine ball is equipped with rotates the retaining ring, rotate the retaining ring at the spout internal rotation, adopt U-shaped spout structure and the structure of rotating the retaining ring, avoid the turbine ball to rotate the in-process, follow the gas of neck pipe one side suction and reveal from turbine ball and neck union coupling to guarantee that gas is discharged from the wind hole between the arc tripe.
Preferably, the one-way ventilation device further comprises a locker hinged on the neck tube for locking the rotation of the turbine ball.
The utility model discloses a tunnel piston wind, including the lock, the lock is characterized in that the lock is provided with a plurality of radial vanes, the radial vanes are provided with.
Preferably, the locking device comprises a mounting seat and a handle hinged to the mounting seat, and the handle is provided with a latch capable of being clamped into a gap between the arc-shaped shutters.
Correspondingly, the application also provides a control method of the unidirectional ventilation device, which is used for controlling the working state of the unidirectional ventilation system and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, installing a unidirectional ventilation device on a platform door or a structural side wall of a space chamber adjacent to a tunnel, wherein the axis of a central shaft of a turbine ball of the unidirectional ventilation device is vertical to the length direction of the tunnel;
secondly, an air valve of the one-way ventilation device adopts an electric air valve and is controlled by a control box, and the control box is in communication connection with the environment-controlled fire-fighting center and is used for receiving signals and control instructions of the environment-controlled fire-fighting center;
step three, the environment-controlled fire center correspondingly controls the working mode of the one-way ventilation device according to the situation state of the station or the space room, wherein the situation state comprises a fire accident state and a non-fire accident state, when the station or the space room is in the fire accident state, the control box receives a fire accident signal and a closing control command of the environment-controlled fire center, the electric air valve is closed, and when the station or the space room is in the non-fire accident state, the step four is carried out;
and step four, the environment-controlled fire-fighting center further judges the operation mode of the station ventilation air-conditioning system, wherein the operation mode comprises a ventilation mode and an air-conditioning mode, if the operation mode is the ventilation mode, the control box receives an opening control instruction of the environment-controlled fire-fighting center, the electric air valve is opened through the control box, the one-way ventilation device conducts ventilation and air exchange on the station or the space room by utilizing piston air, and if the operation mode is the air-conditioning mode, the control box receives a closing control instruction of the environment-controlled fire-fighting center, and the electric air valve is closed to stop the one-way ventilation device.
Because the existing railway basically adopts the two-way split double-track, the piston wind of the track on each side is in the same direction, and through the step I, the one-way ventilation device converts the horizontal pushing wind power of the tunnel piston into the vortex suction power by utilizing the piston wind generated by the running of the one-side track train in the tunnel, thereby realizing the continuous, single and stable zero-energy-consumption ventilation of the station or the space room to the tunnel space and improving the environment of the station or the space room under the original system.
Through step two, the control box of the unidirectional ventilation device is in communication connection with the environmental control fire fighting center, so that the unidirectional ventilation device is remotely controlled, the electric air valve can be remotely opened or closed, and the operation is convenient.
Through the third step and the fourth step, the environmental control fire-fighting center correspondingly controls the one-way ventilation device according to the situation state of the station or the space room, so that the switching of different working modes is realized, and the safe operation of the ventilation device is ensured. By adopting the control method of the one-way ventilation device, the one-way ventilation device is in the closed state under the fire and accident states, the operation safety of the station or the space room is ensured, the continuous operation under the fire or accident states is avoided, meanwhile, the energy conservation of the annual operation of the station ventilation air-conditioning system can be furthest ensured through the control in different seasons and the conversion of the linkage modules, the continuous, single and stable zero-energy-consumption ventilation in ventilation seasons is realized, the ventilation is closed in high-temperature seasons, and the energy consumption of the air conditioner is effectively reduced.
Preferably, in the first step, the unidirectional ventilation device is specifically installed at a position below the platform door, which is close to the platform ceiling, when the unidirectional ventilation device is installed on the structural side wall of the platform door. This position of unidirectional ventilation device avoids the suction that produces in the device to inhale devices such as dust, debris, ensures unidirectional ventilation device's equipment safety, also avoids the device to cause the influence to station staff and passenger simultaneously, ensures unidirectional ventilation device's operation safety.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the arc-shaped shutters of the unidirectional ventilation device generate a rotating torque under the action of horizontal wind force added outside, the arc-shaped shutters drive the whole turbine ball to rotate continuously under the action of the rotating torque, the rotating turbine ball sucks air from the other side of the neck pipe through an air valve in the axial direction, the air is accelerated and pressurized and then is discharged from air holes among the arc-shaped shutters along the radial direction, and finally the purpose that the energy is converted into potential energy (pressure) from the horizontal wind kinetic energy and then into radial wind kinetic energy is achieved, so that unidirectional ventilation is achieved;
2. the air valve is arranged in the inner cavity of the neck pipe, so that the working state of the one-way ventilation device can be effectively controlled, the air valve is opened in a ventilation season, piston wind is fully utilized to drive the turbine ball to rotate, air is sucked from a station to enter a tunnel, one-way ventilation of a station public area or an equipment room is realized, the ventilation volume of a station space is increased, and dirty air in the tunnel is prevented from entering the station; in the air-conditioning season, the air valve is closed, the connection between the station space and the tunnel is cut off, the station exhaust air volume and the fresh air introducing scale are reduced, and the annual operation energy conservation of the station ventilation air-conditioning system is finally realized;
3. by adopting the control method of the unidirectional ventilation device, the unidirectional ventilation device is in a closed state in a fire and accident state, the operation safety of a station or a space room is ensured, the continuous operation in the fire or accident state is avoided, meanwhile, the energy conservation of the annual operation of the station ventilation air-conditioning system can be furthest ensured by controlling in different seasons and converting the linkage modules, the continuous, single and stable zero-energy-consumption ventilation in ventilation seasons is realized, the ventilation is closed in high-temperature seasons, and the energy consumption of the air conditioner is effectively reduced.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a unidirectional ventilation apparatus in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the unidirectional ventilation apparatus according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the one-way ventilating device when the locker is opened.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing a structure when the locker of the one-way ventilating device is locked.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view (one) of the arrangement of the one-way ventilation system in example 2.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view (two) of the arrangement of the one-way ventilation system in example 2.
Fig. 8 is a control schematic diagram of the unidirectional ventilation system driven by piston wind in embodiment 3.
Fig. 9 is a control flow chart of the unidirectional ventilation system driven by piston wind in embodiment 3.
The labels in the figure are: 1-mounting plate, 2-turbine ball, 3-arc louver, 4-neck pipe, 5-wind hole, 6-central shaft, 7-wind valve, 8-control box, 9-wind valve louver, 10-bearing, 11-turbine ball guide rail, 12-locking device, 121-mounting seat, 122-latch, 123-handle, 13-neck pipe skeleton, 14-turbine ball skeleton, 141-support bar, 142-inclined strut, 15-end cover, 16-rotation retainer ring, 17-platform door and 18-structure side wall.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to test examples and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter is not limited to the following examples, and any techniques implemented based on the disclosure of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a one-way ventilation device driven by piston wind, as shown in fig. 1-3, the device comprises a turbine ball 2 provided with a central shaft 6, the turbine ball 2 is formed by splicing a plurality of arc-shaped shutters 3, a neck pipe 4 is arranged at the end part of the turbine ball 2, the inner cavity of the neck pipe 4 is communicated with the inner cavity of the turbine ball 2, an air valve 7 is further installed in the inner cavity of the neck pipe 4, and the air valve 7 is used for communicating or blocking the space on two sides of the inner cavity of the neck pipe 4.
When the air valve 7 is in an open state, the air volume is adjusted through the opening and closing degree of the air valve shutter 9, when the air valve 7 is in a closed state, the air valve shutter 9 is completely folded, the space on two sides of the neck pipe 4 is cut off, and ventilation is stopped. The air valve shutter 9 is arranged in a split mode.
The plurality of arc-shaped shutters 3 are annularly and uniformly distributed on the outer side of the central shaft 6 by taking the central shaft 6 as an axis, gaps are formed among the arc-shaped shutters 3 to naturally form crescent wind holes 5, the arc-shaped shutters 3 and the central shaft 6 are arranged in an inclined streamline shape at a certain angle, a rotating torque is generated under the action of external horizontal wind force, the wind direction of the horizontal wind force is perpendicular to the axis direction of the central shaft 6, the arc-shaped shutters 3 drive the whole turbine ball 2 to continuously rotate under the action of the rotating torque, the rotating turbine ball 2 axially sucks air from the other side of the neck pipe 4 through the wind valve 7, gas is accelerated and pressurized and then is discharged from the wind holes 5 among the arc-shaped shutters 3 along the radial direction, and finally the purpose that energy is converted into potential energy (pressure) from horizontal wind kinetic energy and then into radial wind kinetic energy is achieved.
In a preferred embodiment, the air valve 7 is an electric air valve, and the electric air valve is controlled by a control box 8, so that the one-way ventilation device can be remotely controlled, the one-way ventilation device is integrated into an air conditioning ventilation system, and unified management and control are realized, the control box 8 is mounted on the outer wall of the neck pipe 4, and the control box 8 is electrically connected with the electric air valve.
One end of each of the arc-shaped louvers 3 is assembled with the neck pipe 4, the other end of each of the arc-shaped louvers 3 is provided with an end cover 15, the arc-shaped louvers 3 are connected to the end covers 15, the center of each of the end covers 15 is the end portion of the center shaft 6, the end covers 15 are assembled with the center shaft 6 through bearings 10 and can rotate relative to the center shaft, a rotating check ring 16 is arranged at the assembly position of the turbine ball 2 and the neck pipe 4, a turbine ball guide rail 11 is correspondingly arranged at the end portion of the neck pipe 4, the arc-shaped louvers 3 are connected to the rotating check ring 16, the turbine ball guide rail 11 is of a U-shaped sliding groove structure, the rotating check ring 16 is arranged in the turbine ball guide rail 11 and is arranged in a non-contact.
For guaranteeing turbine ball 2 stable in structure, avoid taking place to warp in the rotation process, collapse etc. and influence the problem of one-way ventilation unit work and take place, be provided with in turbine ball 2 and be used for supporting its self turbine ball skeleton 14, this turbine ball skeleton 14 includes along the radial many support bars 141 of arranging of turbine ball 2 to and the many bracing 142 of support bar 141 is connected to the center pin 6 other end is connected to one end, bracing 142 with connect on center pin 6 through bearing 10, support bar 141 and bracing 142 form stable triangular support structure with center pin 6, many support bar 14 is connected on center pin 6 through bearing 10 equally.
As a preferred embodiment, the neck pipe 4 is also internally provided with a neck pipe framework 13, the neck pipe framework 13 comprises a plurality of support rods which are arranged along the radial direction of the neck pipe 4, the neck pipe framework 13 is used for supporting the neck pipe 4 and enhancing the structural strength of the neck pipe 4, the support rods are connected with the central shaft 6 through bearings 10, and the support rods are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the bearings 10.
As shown in fig. 2, 4 and 5, the unidirectional ventilation device further comprises a locking device 12 hinged on the neck pipe 4, the locking device 12 is mainly used for locking the turbine ball 2 in troubleshooting and maintenance processes, so as to prevent the turbine ball from rotating and ensure safe maintenance work, the locking device 12 comprises a mounting seat 121, a latch 122 and a handle 123, the locking device 12 is mounted on the outer wall of the neck pipe 4 through the mounting seat 121, the handle 123 is hinged with the mounting seat 121, the latch 122 is arranged on the handle 123, the latch 122 is used for being latched in the gap between the arc-shaped louvers 3, so as to complete the locking of the locking device 12 on the turbine ball 2, and when the unidirectional ventilation device is in operation, the handle 123 of the locking device 12 is lifted, so that the latch 122 of the locking device 12 is disengaged from the gap between the arc-shaped louvers 3, so that the turbine ball 2 can rotate smoothly, and ventilation is realized.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a unidirectional ventilation system, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, the ventilation system includes a tunnel located at a side of the tunnel, and a station or a space room disposed next to the tunnel, the present embodiment is described by taking a platform layer of a subway station as an example, as shown in fig. 6, a platform door 17 is disposed on a structural side wall 18 for dividing the station and the tunnel, two sides of the platform door 17 are a tunnel side and a platform side, respectively, and the unidirectional ventilation device as described in embodiment 1 is disposed on the structural side wall 18, so that the unidirectional ventilation device completes ventilation of the station by using high-speed flowing air generated by a train running at a high speed at one side of the tunnel side. A central shaft 6 of the one-way ventilation device is perpendicular to the length direction of the tunnel, the turbine ball 2 is arranged on one side of the tunnel side, the neck pipe 4 of the one-way ventilation device is arranged on one side of the platform side, in the installation process, a hole which is as large as the neck pipe 4 of the one-way ventilation device can be formed in advance in the structural side wall 18, then the neck pipe 4 of the one-way ventilation device is embedded into the hole and sealed, and the installation is completed; the mounting plate 1 can also be sleeved on the outer wall of the neck pipe 4 of the unidirectional ventilation device in advance, as shown in fig. 2, then the structural side wall 18 is provided with a hole corresponding to the shape and the size of the mounting plate 1, the unidirectional ventilation device is mounted on the structural side wall 18 through the mounting plate 1, the unidirectional ventilation device can be mounted in the mounting plate 1 in a sealing manner in advance by adopting the latter mode, the structural safety of the unidirectional ventilation device can be protected to the maximum extent, the sealing performance around the unidirectional ventilation device is ensured, and the ventilation and sealing effects are better.
As one of the preferred embodiments, the unidirectional ventilation device is arranged on the structural side wall 18 above the platform door 17, thereby ensuring that the unidirectional ventilation device is far away from the place where passengers can reach, and ensuring the safety of equipment and personnel.
The one-way ventilation device can also be arranged on the structural side wall between the space chambers such as the equipment chamber, the storage chamber and the monitoring chamber and the tunnel, and the structural side wall is not provided with a platform door.
The one-way ventilation system utilizes piston wind to drive the one-way ventilation device to ventilate and ventilate towards the side of the tunnel, the piston wind means that a train running at a high speed in the tunnel can drive air in the tunnel to flow at a high speed, the piston wind is similar to a piston in a cylinder to compress gas, when the train running at a high speed enters the tunnel, the air in the tunnel is originally static, high-pressure waves are generated due to the collision of the train, the high-pressure waves are transmitted at a speed which is nearly equal to sound (far higher than the running speed of the train), therefore, when the train enters the tunnel, the high-pressure waves are rapidly transmitted downstream, the air in the tunnel is immediately accelerated, when pressure waves reach a downstream tunnel opening, reflected waves are generated, the reflected waves are transmitted upstream of the tunnel. The same train tail enters the tunnel to generate a negative pressure wave which can also act on the air flow speed in the tunnel, the device utilizes tunnel piston wind to generate a rotation torque, the arc-shaped shutters of the one-way ventilation device drive the whole turbine ball to continuously rotate under the action of the rotation torque, the rotating turbine ball axially sucks air from the other side of the neck pipe, namely from one side of the station or the space chamber, the air is accelerated and pressurized and then is discharged into the tunnel from the air holes between the arc-shaped shutters along the radial direction to realize the one-way ventilation of the station or the space chamber, the piston wind generated by the train running in the tunnel drives the one-way ventilation device to run, the functions are not needed, the zero-energy-consumption ventilation is realized, the original two-way ventilation mode between the station space and the tunnel is changed, and the single and continuous ventilation of the station space to the tunnel space can be ensured, Stable ventilation, also can suck the indoor air in station or space always and arrange to the tunnel space, effectively solved current platform door ventilation system and can't avoid the problem that tunnel high temperature and dirty air got into the station.
The unidirectional ventilation device is applied to the tunnel to form a unidirectional ventilation system, the air valve is opened in a ventilation season, piston wind is fully utilized to drive the turbine ball to rotate, air is sucked from the station to enter the tunnel, unidirectional ventilation of a station public area or an equipment room is realized, and dirty air in the tunnel is prevented from entering the station while the ventilation volume of the station space is increased; in the air-conditioning season, the air valve is closed, the connection between the station space and the tunnel is cut off, the station air exhaust volume and the fresh air introduction scale are reduced, and the annual operation energy conservation of the station ventilation air-conditioning system is finally realized.
Each one-way ventilation system comprises a plurality of one-way ventilation devices, the one-way ventilation devices are arranged on the structural side wall of a station platform door or a space room side by side, two one-way ventilation devices are arranged in fig. 6 and 7, the one-way ventilation devices are all in communication connection with an environment-controlled fire fighting center, and the environment-controlled fire fighting center sends control signals to the one-way ventilation devices, so that remote control is achieved for the devices, and the working states of the one-way ventilation devices are controlled in a unified mode through the environment-controlled fire fighting center.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a control method of a unidirectional ventilation device, which is used for controlling the working state of the unidirectional ventilation system, and as shown in fig. 8 and fig. 9, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, installing a unidirectional ventilation device on a platform door or a structural side wall of a space chamber adjacent to a tunnel, wherein the axis of a central shaft of a turbine ball of the unidirectional ventilation device is vertical to the length direction of the tunnel;
secondly, an air valve of the one-way ventilation device adopts an electric air valve and is controlled by a control box, a communication template and a control module are arranged in the control box, the communication module of the control box is in communication connection with an environment-controlled fire center and is used for receiving signals and control instructions of the environment-controlled fire center, the control module of the control box is used for controlling the electric air valve to be opened or closed, and when the one-way ventilation device is used, the one-way ventilation system is initialized;
step three, the environment-controlled fire center correspondingly controls the working mode of the one-way ventilation device according to the situation state of the station or the space room, wherein the situation state comprises a fire accident state and a non-fire accident state, when the station or the space room is in the fire accident state, the control box receives a fire accident signal and a closing control command of the environment-controlled fire center, the electric air valve is closed, and when the station or the space room is in the non-fire accident state, the step four is carried out;
and step four, the environment-controlled fire-fighting center further judges the operation mode of the station ventilation air-conditioning system, wherein the operation mode comprises a ventilation mode and an air-conditioning mode, if the operation mode is the ventilation mode, the control box receives an opening control instruction of the environment-controlled fire-fighting center, the electric air valve is opened through the control box, the one-way ventilation device conducts ventilation and air exchange on the station or the space room by utilizing piston air, and if the operation mode is the air-conditioning mode, the control box receives a closing control instruction of the environment-controlled fire-fighting center, and the electric air valve is closed to stop the one-way ventilation device.
Because the existing railway basically adopts the two-way split double-track, the piston wind of the track on each side is in the same direction, and through the step I, the one-way ventilation device converts the horizontal pushing wind power of the tunnel piston into the vortex suction power by utilizing the piston wind generated by the running of the one-side track train in the tunnel, thereby realizing the continuous, single and stable zero-energy-consumption ventilation of the station or the space room to the tunnel space and improving the environment of the station or the space room under the original system.
Through step two, the control box of the unidirectional ventilation device is in communication connection with the environmental control fire fighting center, so that the unidirectional ventilation device is remotely controlled, the electric air valve can be remotely opened or closed, and the operation is convenient.
Through the third step and the fourth step, the environmental control fire-fighting center correspondingly controls the one-way ventilation device according to the situation state of the station or the space room, so that the switching of different working modes is realized, and the safe operation of the ventilation device is ensured. By adopting the control method of the one-way ventilation device, the one-way ventilation device is in the closed state under the fire and accident states, the operation safety of the station or the space room is ensured, the continuous operation under the fire or accident states is avoided, meanwhile, the energy conservation of the annual operation of the station ventilation air-conditioning system can be furthest ensured through the control in different seasons and the conversion of the linkage modules, the continuous, single and stable zero-energy-consumption ventilation in ventilation seasons is realized, the ventilation is closed in high-temperature seasons, and the energy consumption of the air conditioner is effectively reduced.
In a preferred embodiment, in the first step, the unidirectional ventilation device is installed on the structural side wall of the platform door, specifically, the platform door is closely attached to the lower part of the platform ceiling.
In the process of troubleshooting or overhauling the one-way ventilating device, the lock is rotated by a colleague closing the electric air valve, the latch of the lock is clamped into the gap between the arc-shaped shutters, and the unidirectional ventilating device is overhauled in a dual protection mode to ensure safety.
Claims (10)
1. The one-way ventilation system driven by piston wind is characterized by comprising a tunnel for train passing, and a station or a space chamber arranged close to the side of the tunnel, wherein a one-way ventilation device is arranged on a structural side wall (18) between the station or the space chamber and the tunnel, the one-way ventilation device comprises a turbine ball (2), the turbine ball is provided with a central shaft, the turbine ball (2) is formed by splicing a plurality of arc-shaped shutters (3), a neck pipe (4) is arranged at the end part of the turbine ball (2), the inner cavity of the neck pipe (4) is communicated with the inner cavity of the turbine ball (2), the inner cavity of the neck pipe (4) is also provided with an air valve (7), the air valve (7) is used for communicating or blocking the space at the two sides of the inner cavity of the neck pipe (4), one end of the neck pipe (4) is positioned at one side of a station or a space room, and one end of the turbine ball (2) is positioned at one side of a tunnel.
2. The unidirectional ventilation system of claim 1, characterized in that the neck (4) is provided with a neck skeleton (13) for supporting itself, and the neck skeleton (13) comprises a plurality of support bars arranged along the radial direction of the neck (4).
3. The unidirectional ventilation system of claim 1, wherein the air valve (7) is an electric air valve and the electric air valve is controlled by an electrically connected control box (8).
4. The unidirectional ventilation system of claim 1, wherein a turbine ball framework (14) for supporting the turbine ball is arranged in the turbine ball (2), the turbine ball framework (14) comprises a plurality of supporting bars (141) arranged along the radial direction of the turbine ball (2), and a plurality of inclined struts (142), one end of each inclined strut (142) is connected with the supporting bar (141), and the other end of each inclined strut (142) is connected to the central shaft (6) through a bearing (10) to form a triangular supporting structure.
5. The one-way ventilation system of claim 1, wherein the end of the neck (4) is provided with a turbine ball guide (11) for rotation of the turbine ball (2) within the turbine ball guide (11).
6. The unidirectional ventilation system of claim 1, further comprising a lock hinged to the neck for locking the turbo ball from rotation.
7. The unidirectional ventilation system of claim 6, wherein the locking device comprises a mounting seat and a handle hinged on the mounting seat, and the handle is provided with a latch capable of being clamped in the gap between the arc-shaped shutters.
8. The unidirectional ventilation system of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising a plurality of unidirectional ventilation apparatuses arranged side by side on a station platform door (17) or a structural side wall (18) of a space room.
9. A method for controlling a one-way ventilation system, for controlling an operation state of the one-way ventilation system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
step one, installing a unidirectional ventilation device on a platform door or a structural side wall of a space chamber adjacent to a tunnel, wherein the axis of a central shaft of a turbine ball of the unidirectional ventilation device is vertical to the length direction of the tunnel;
secondly, an air valve of the one-way ventilation device adopts an electric air valve and is controlled by a control box, and the control box is in communication connection with the environment-controlled fire-fighting center and is used for receiving signals and control instructions of the environment-controlled fire-fighting center;
step three, the environment-controlled fire center correspondingly controls the working mode of the one-way ventilation device according to the situation state of the station or the space room, wherein the situation state comprises a fire accident state and a non-fire accident state, when the station or the space room is in the fire accident state, the control box receives a fire accident signal and a closing control command of the environment-controlled fire center, the electric air valve is closed, and when the station or the space room is in the non-fire accident state, the step four is carried out;
and step four, the environment-controlled fire-fighting center further judges the operation mode of the station ventilation air-conditioning system, wherein the operation mode comprises a ventilation mode and an air-conditioning mode, if the operation mode is the ventilation mode, the control box receives an opening control instruction of the environment-controlled fire-fighting center, the electric air valve is opened through the control box, the one-way ventilation device conducts ventilation and air exchange on the station or the space room by utilizing piston air, and if the operation mode is the air-conditioning mode, the control box receives a closing control instruction of the environment-controlled fire-fighting center, and the electric air valve is closed to stop the one-way ventilation device.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein in step one, the unidirectional ventilation device is mounted on the structural side wall of the platform door, and is specifically mounted on the platform door in close proximity to a lower portion of the platform ceiling.
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| CN202010338784.4A CN111550275A (en) | 2020-04-26 | 2020-04-26 | Unidirectional ventilation system driven by piston wind and control method |
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| CN202010338784.4A CN111550275A (en) | 2020-04-26 | 2020-04-26 | Unidirectional ventilation system driven by piston wind and control method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117628620A (en) * | 2024-01-26 | 2024-03-01 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Intelligent platform door ventilation system and control method thereof |
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