CN111547098B - Multifunctional rail transit brake system and method - Google Patents
Multifunctional rail transit brake system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111547098B CN111547098B CN202010516954.3A CN202010516954A CN111547098B CN 111547098 B CN111547098 B CN 111547098B CN 202010516954 A CN202010516954 A CN 202010516954A CN 111547098 B CN111547098 B CN 111547098B
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- brake pad
- controller
- braking
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
- B61H7/00—Brakes with braking members co-operating with the track
- B61H7/12—Grippers co-operating frictionally with tracks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
- B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
- B60T17/225—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices brake fluid level indicators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T17/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
- B60T17/18—Safety devices; Monitoring
- B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
- B60T17/228—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices for railway vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
- B61H11/00—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types
- B61H11/06—Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types of hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, or aerodynamic brakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
- B61H13/00—Actuating rail vehicle brakes
- B61H13/02—Hand or other personal actuation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61H—BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR DISPOSITION THEREOF IN RAIL VEHICLES
- B61H13/00—Actuating rail vehicle brakes
- B61H13/34—Details
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
A multifunctional rail transit braking system and method belong to the field of rail transit. The braking system is started, the controller controls the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder to increase so as to push the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, and the brake pad and the rail reach a certain pressure under the action of the oil pressure and generate friction so as to realize braking and stopping. When the sensor detects that the brake pad and the rail reach a certain pressure, the sensor feeds back information to the controller, and the controller controls the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder to be unchanged. The brake pad automatically resets after the brake system is turned off. The rail clamping wheels at two sides of the hybrid power ladder car are in close contact with the rails, and the rail clamping wheels automatically rotate along with the running of the hybrid power ladder car, so that the hybrid power ladder car can resist lateral movement and overturning and simultaneously reduce friction with the rails. In addition, the rim of the hybrid power ladder car has the function of preventing the hybrid power ladder car from sideways moving and overturning to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multifunctional rail transit braking system and a method thereof, which have the functions of braking, system overturn prevention and the like, are suitable for braking systems of various rail transit tools, and belong to the field of rail transit.
Background
At present, the brake device of the rail vehicles at home and abroad mainly adopts brake pads arranged on wheels on two sides of the vehicle to brake, and is used for controlling the running speed of the vehicles and braking according to the needs in running, when the running speed of the rail vehicles is higher, centrifugal force can be generated at a turning part, and the vehicles easily slip sideways or overturn in severe cases.
The working principle of the traditional rail transit braking system is that forward pressure is applied in the vertical direction of wheels, the friction force between a brake pad and the wheels is controlled, the kinetic energy of a vehicle is consumed to control the running speed of the vehicle, emergency braking is realized, and the like. Such braking systems tend to be more abrasive to the wheel discs of the wheels, and friction with the wheel discs of rail vehicles can also generate heat, affecting the service life of the wheels. In addition, the braking effect of the braking device is obviously reduced along with the abrasion thinning of the brake pad, the brake pad needs to be replaced in a short time, and the utilization efficiency of the brake pad is low.
Preventing derailment and scientific and accurate braking of a vehicle during running of a rail vehicle is a necessary problem to be solved in learner research and engineering application, and the conventional rail vehicle usually adopts a raised wheel rim and realizes the prevention of derailment of the vehicle by means of transverse interaction between the rim and the rail. Although the method has better effect, the theory and method measures still need to be innovated, and development of a novel track brake device has great theoretical significance and application value for safe operation of a track traffic tool.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a multifunctional rail transit braking system and a method thereof, which overcome the defects of a braking system, the problems of an anti-overturning control technology and the like of the conventional rail transit braking device, and introduce the invention content and the using method thereof by taking the application of the device in a hybrid power ladder vehicle for rail inspection as an example.
The invention mainly comprises three parts: anti-overturning systems, rail transit systems, and brake systems. The specific composition comprises:
the anti-capsizing system comprises: the clamping rail wheel (1.1), the clamping rail wheel shaft (1.2), the connector (1.3), the bearing top sleeve (1.4) and the bolt (1.5).
The rail transit system includes: wheels (2.1), rims (2.2), axles (2.3), rails (2.4).
The braking system comprises: the hydraulic cylinder fixing device comprises a hydraulic cylinder fixing device (3.1), a connecting shaft (3.2), a hydraulic cylinder (3.3), a hydraulic cylinder telescopic shaft (3.4), a brake pad (3.5), a sensor (3.6), a wire or wireless remote controller (3.7) and a controller (3.8).
The connector (1.3) comprises: spring (1.3.1), connecting rod (1.3.2).
The hydraulic cylinder telescopic shaft (3.4) comprises: the telescopic shaft (3.4.1), the inner clamping piece (3.4.2) and the adjusting nut (3.4.3).
The anti-overturning system and the braking system are installed at the reasonable positions of the axles by adopting proper bolts, the anti-overturning system can realize automatic work, and the braking system can finish braking work under the control of operators. The anti-overturning system and the braking system comprise the following specific components:
anti-capsizing system: the anti-overturning system is mainly used for reinforcing lateral contact between the hybrid power ladder car and the rail (2.4) in the whole braking device and preventing outward direction-finding slip and overturning caused by insufficient lateral constraint provided by the rim (2.2); the rail clamping wheel (1.1) is arranged on the hybrid power ladder car, is arranged on the outer side of the rail (2.4), is tightly contacted with the upper side surface of the groove on the outer side of the rail (2.4), and can freely rotate along with the running of the hybrid power ladder car; the connector (1.3) comprises a spring (1.3.1) and a connecting thick iron sheet (1.3.2), wherein vertical grooves are formed along the length direction of the connecting thick iron sheet (1.3.2), two ends of each vertical groove are of semi-cylindrical structures, the spring (1.3.1) is arranged in the vertical grooves of the connecting thick iron sheet (1.3.2) along the vertical direction, and the spring (1.3.1) can freely stretch out and draw back along the vertical direction in the vertical grooves and cannot be separated from the strip holes; the rail clamping wheel (1.1) is arranged on the mixed power ladder car according to the scheme that: the clamping rail wheel (1.1) is fixedly connected with one end of the clamping rail wheel shaft (1.2) in a coaxial manner, the other end of the clamping rail wheel shaft (1.2) is arranged at the bottom end of a groove connected with a vertical groove of the thick iron sheet (1.3.2) and is fixedly connected with one end of the spring (1.3.1), the other end of the clamping rail wheel shaft (1.2) can vibrate freely in the vertical direction in the vertical groove connected with the thick iron sheet (1.3.2), and the axial direction of the clamping rail wheel shaft (1.2) is in the horizontal direction; the axle (2.3) passes through the upper end of the vertical groove of the connecting thick iron sheet (1.3.2) and is fixed with the connecting thick iron sheet (1.3.2) by bolts (1.5); the bearing top sleeve (1.4) is arranged between the connector (1.3) and the wheel (2.1) to prevent the wheel (2.1) from directly rubbing with the connector (1.3);
rail transit system: the axle (2.3) is horizontal, the wheel (2.1) is coaxially fixed on the axle (2.3), the wheel (2.1) is supported right above the rail (2.4), one end edge of the wheel (2.1) is provided with a wheel rim (2.2), the wheel rim (2.2) is attached to the upper part of the inner side of the rail (2.4) in parallel and is provided with a gap, and the wheel rim (2.2) and the bearing top sleeve (1.4) are respectively positioned at two end parts of the wheel (2.1);
braking system: the hydraulic cylinder fixer (3.1) is fixed on the axle (2.3), the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder fixer (3.1) through the connecting shaft (3.2), one end of the hydraulic cylinder telescopic shaft (3.4) is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder (3.3), the other end of the hydraulic cylinder telescopic shaft (3.4) is fixedly connected with the brake block (3.5), and the hydraulic cylinder telescopic shaft (3.4) is parallel to the axle (2.3) and can horizontally stretch and retract left and right; the brake block (3.5) horizontally corresponds to the groove on the inner side surface of the rail (2.4) and can be matched with the groove on the inner side surface of the rail (2.4) in an up-down fit way; the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) is provided with a sensor (3.6), and the sensor (3.6) is connected with the controller (3.8) through a lead or a wireless remote controller (3.7).
Preferably, the brake pad (3.5) has a conical surface structure, and the end part is provided with a groove with a small end face pointing to the inner side face of the rail (2.4).
The sensor is a pressure sensor.
The principle of the invention is that when braking is needed, a braking system is started, a controller (3.8) controls the oil pressure of a hydraulic cylinder (3.3) to increase so as to push a telescopic shaft (3.4) of the hydraulic cylinder, and a brake pad (3.5) and a rail (2.4) reach a certain pressure under the action of the oil pressure and generate friction so as to realize braking and stopping. When the sensor (3.6) detects that the brake pad (3.5) and the rail (2.4) reach a certain pressure, the sensor (3.6) feeds back information to the controller (3.8), and the controller (3.8) controls the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) to be unchanged. The brake pad automatically resets after the brake system is turned off. The clamping rail wheels (1.1) on two sides of the hybrid power ladder car are in close contact with the rails (2.4), and the clamping rail wheels (1.1) automatically rotate along with the running of the hybrid power ladder car, so that the hybrid power ladder car can resist lateral movement and overturning and simultaneously reduce friction with a rail. In addition, the rim (2.2) of the hybrid ladder car also has the effect of preventing the hybrid ladder car from sideways moving and overturning to a certain extent.
The clamping rail wheel shaft (1.2) is connected with a spring (1.3.1) in the connector (1.3), and is fixed by a bolt (1.5), and the clamping rail wheel shaft (1.2) and the spring (1.3.1) can not be separated. The clamping rail wheel (1.1) is connected to the clamping rail wheel shaft (1.2) by bolts (1.5), and meanwhile, the clamping rail wheel (1.1) and the rail (2.4) can be tightly attached, and the clamping rail wheel (1.1) can automatically rotate during running of the ladder car. The thick iron sheet (1.3.2) connected with the connector (1.3) is fixed on the axle (2.3) by using the bolt (1.5), so that the spring (1.3.1) which is used for connecting the thick iron sheet (1.3.2) with the axle (2.3) and does not move relatively and rotate the connector (1.3) is fixed below the axle (2.3) and is inseparable from the axle (2.3). The vertical groove for placing the spring (1.3.1) is arranged in the center of the thick iron sheet (1.3.2), so that the spring (1.3.1) can only vertically stretch out and draw back in the groove, the purpose that the rail clamping wheel shaft (1.2) can only vertically displace on the connector (1.3) within a certain range is achieved, and horizontal movement and relative rotation do not occur between the two. When the transverse (longitudinal) curve of the rail (2.4) changes, the length of the spring is automatically adjusted to realize the up-and-down movement of the rail clamping wheel (1.1) so as to realize the tight contact between the rail clamping wheel (1.1) and the rail (2.4) and prevent the anti-overturning of the system.
Braking system: the braking system is mainly used for braking of vehicles and is a main means for preventing danger and realizing emergency stop of vehicles. The brake pad (3.5) is a main component for braking, when braking is needed, a braking system is started, the brake pad (3.5) is contacted with the rail (2.4), and the braking effect of the hybrid power ladder car is achieved by friction between the brake pad (3.5) and the rail (2.4). The hydraulic cylinder telescopic shaft (3.4) comprises a telescopic shaft (3.4.1), an inner clamping piece (3.4.2) and an adjusting nut (3.4.3), wherein the telescopic shaft (3.4.1) directly penetrates through the center of a brake pad (3.5), the adjusting nut (3.4.3) and the inner clamping piece (3.4.2) are located on two sides of the brake pad (3.5) and used for fixing the brake pad (3.5), and the adjusting nut (3.4.3) is located at the end portion of the telescopic shaft (3.4.1). The telescopic shaft (3.4.1) of the telescopic shaft (3.4) of the hydraulic cylinder directly controls the position of the brake pad (3.5), and the inner clamping piece (3.4.2) and the adjusting nut (3.4.3) are used for fixing the position of the brake pad (3.5). The brake block (3.5) adopts bolt (1.5) to be connected with interior card piece (3.4.2), interior card piece (3.4.2) and telescopic shaft rigid connection, guarantees that brake block (3.5) do not take place to remove and rotate. The adjusting nut (3.4.3) is fixed on the outer side of the brake pad (3.5), so that the brake pad (3.5) is prevented from moving outwards, the fixing effect of the brake pad (3.5) is enhanced, and the brake pad (3.5) and the hydraulic cylinder telescopic shaft (3.4) are prevented from moving and rotating relatively. The hydraulic cylinder (3.3) is used for controlling the oil pressure in the braking system, and the controller (3.8) is used for controlling the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) to reach a fixed pressure value set in advance. The hydraulic cylinder (3.3) is connected with the controller (3.8) by a lead (3.7), the controller (3.8) directly controls the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) to increase after the braking system is started, and the brake pad (3.5) and the rail (2.4) generate friction under the action of the oil pressure to realize braking and stopping. The sensor (3.6) is mounted on the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) for detecting the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder (3.3). The sensor (3.6) is connected with the controller (3.8) by a wire (3.7), and the sensor (3.6) feeds back information to the controller (3.8) through the wire (3.7). When the sensor (3.6) detects that the pressure set by the controller (3.8) is reached between the brake pad (3.5) and the rail (2.4), the controller (3.8) will control the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) to be unchanged. After the braking system is closed, the controller (3.8) controls the brake pad (3.5) to automatically reset; in the normal use process, the abrasion thinning of the brake pad (3.5) can influence the braking effect. When the preset fixed pressure value cannot be reached, the sensor (3.6) feeds back to the controller (3.8) that the oil pressure value in the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) does not reach the pressure value set by the controller (3.8), and the controller (3.8) controls the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) to continue to increase until the preset fixed pressure value is reached, so that the braking effect is ensured. In order to avoid the abrasion of the brake pad (3.5) to a certain extent, the telescopic shaft (3.4) rubs with the rail (2.4), the length of the telescopic shaft (3.4) is controlled in a certain range, and when the brake pad (3.5) is abraded to a replacement extent, the telescopic shaft (3.4) cannot continue to stretch, and still keeps a proper distance with the rail (2.4). The controller (3.8) is connected with the alarm system, when the telescopic shaft (3.4) cannot extend, the sensor (3.6) detects that the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) is insufficient and feeds back to the controller (3.8), and the controller (3.8) triggers the alarm system to remind to replace the brake pad (3.5). When the brake pad (3.5) is replaced, the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) is manually controlled, so that the telescopic shaft (3.4) is contracted to manually replace the brake pad (3.5). The hydraulic cylinder (3.3) controls the telescopic shaft (3.4) of the hydraulic cylinder to control the position of the brake pad (3.5) so as to realize braking. The connecting shaft (3.2) is used for fixing the position of the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) and guaranteeing that the position of the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) is not changed. The hydraulic cylinder fixer (3.1), the connecting shaft (3.2) and the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) are connected by adopting high-strength bolts (1.5), so that the hydraulic cylinder fixer (3.1), the connecting shaft (3.2) and the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) are prevented from relative movement and rotation. The whole braking device is fixed at a proper position on an axle (2.3) through a hydraulic cylinder fixer (3.1), so that a certain distance is kept between a brake pad (3.5) and a rail (2.4) in a non-working state of the system, and braking can be effectively realized in a working state. When the whole braking system works, the braking system and the axle (2.3) are ensured not to displace and rotate.
The braking device can effectively prevent the overturning risk of the hybrid power ladder vehicle at a curve, braking and stopping can be realized through friction between the brake pad (3.5) and the rail (2.4), and meanwhile, damage to the wheel (2.1) caused by friction between the brake pad (3.5) and the wheel (2.1) is effectively reduced. The invention can be used for the brake device of rail vehicles such as a ladder car and the like.
The present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a brake assembly;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of a portion of an anti-toppling system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a connector detail connection;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a configuration of a portion of a brake system;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the hydraulic cylinder telescopic shaft.
1. Anti-capsizing system: 1.1, a rail clamping wheel; 1.2, clamping rail wheel shafts; 1.3, connectors; 1.4, bearing top sleeve; 1.5 bolts.
2. Rail transit system: 2.1, wheels; 2.2, a rim; 2.3, axle; 2.4, rail.
3. Braking system: 3.1, a hydraulic cylinder fixer; 3.2, connecting shaft; 3.3, a hydraulic cylinder; 3.4, a hydraulic cylinder telescopic shaft; 3.5, brake pads; 3.6, a sensor; 3.7, conducting wires; and 3.8, a controller.
Wherein:
1.3, the connector comprises: 1.3.1, springs; 1.3.2, connecting thick iron sheets.
3.4, the telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder comprises: 3.4.1, a telescopic shaft; 3.4.2, inner clip; 3.4.3, adjusting nut.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a novel rail brake device and a method thereof, which overcome the problems of brake defects and control difficulties existing in the prior rail traffic brake device. The invention can be widely applied to a braking system of a track-type tool, and the specific embodiment of the invention is described by taking the application of the device in a hybrid power ladder car used for track system inspection as an example.
According to the invention, braking and stopping are realized by utilizing friction between the brake pad 3.5 and the rail 2.4, so that abrasion of the brake pad 3.5 to the wheel 2.1 is reduced; the connection between the hybrid power ladder car and the rail 2.4 is realized by using the rail clamping wheels 1.1 at two sides of the hybrid power ladder car, thereby preventing the hybrid power ladder car from overturning or laterally moving. The specific working part comprises an anti-overturning system and a braking system. The specific implementation process of the two parts is as follows:
installation of the anti-capsizing system:
the anti-overturning system provided by the invention is arranged on an axle 2.3 at the outer side of a wheel 2.1 of a hybrid power ladder car, a clamping rail axle 1.2 is connected with a spring 1.3.1 in a connector 1.3, the clamping rail axle 1.2 is fixed by a bolt 1.5, the clamping rail axle 1.2 and the spring 1.3.1 can not be separated, and the clamping rail axle 1.2 and the connector 1.3 are prevented from rotating relatively in the working process of the whole device. The rail clamping wheel 1.1 is connected to the rail clamping wheel shaft 1.2 by a bolt 1.5, and the rail clamping wheel 1.1 can rotate automatically along with the contact of the running rail clamping wheel 1.1 of the ladder car and the rail 2.4. A bearing cap 1.4 is mounted between the coupling 1.3 and the wheel 2.1 to prevent friction between the wheel 2.1 and the coupling 1.3. The thick iron sheet 1.3.2 and the axle 2.3 are connected by using proper bolts 1.5, so that the thick iron sheet 1.3.2 and the axle 2.3 are prevented from relative movement and rotation. The spring 1.3.1 of the connector 1.3 is fixed below the axle 2.3 and is not separable from the axle 2.3. The vertical groove for placing the spring 1.3.1 is arranged in the center of the thick iron sheet 1.3.2, so that the spring 1.3.1 can only vertically stretch in the groove, the constraint rail clamping wheel shaft 1.2 can only vertically displace within a certain range on the connector 1.3, and horizontal movement and relative rotation are avoided. When the rail 2.4 has a transverse curve and a longitudinal curve, the spring 1.3.1 in the connector 1.3 can vertically stretch and retract, and the length of the spring can be automatically adjusted according to the change of the rail 2.4. The clamping rail wheel 1.1 is connected with the spring 1.3.1 in the connector 1.3, so that the clamping rail wheel 1.1 is tightly connected with the rail 2.4, and the position of the clamping rail wheel 1.1 can slightly move up and down when the height of the rail 2.4 is changed.
Mounting of the brake system 3:
the brake pad 3.5 is connected with the inner clamping piece 3.4.2 by adopting a proper number of bolts 1.5, and the inner clamping piece 3.4.2 is rigidly connected with the telescopic shaft 3.4.1, so that the brake pad 3.5 and the telescopic shaft 3.4 of the hydraulic cylinder are prevented from relative dislocation and rotation. The adjusting nut 3.4.3 is fixed on the outer side of the brake pad 3.5, so that the brake pad 3.5 is prevented from moving outwards, the fixing effect of the brake pad 3.5 is enhanced, and in addition, the brake pad 3.5 is convenient to replace. The telescopic shaft 3.4.1 directly controls the position of the brake pad 3.5 to realize the braking of the hybrid power ladder car. The sensor 3.6 and the controller 3.8 are fixed on the hydraulic cylinder 3.3, the sensor 3.6 and the controller 3.8 are connected by utilizing the lead 3.7, the sensor 3.6 detects the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 3.3 and feeds back to the controller 3.8, and the controller 3.8 controls the telescopic length of the telescopic shaft 3.4.1 by controlling the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 3.3 to reach a fixed value, so that the braking effect is ensured. The connecting shaft 3.2 is connected with the hydraulic cylinder fixer 3.1 and the hydraulic cylinder 3.3 by adopting a certain number of bolts 1.5, so that the connecting shaft 3.2 is ensured not to move and rotate relative to the hydraulic cylinder fixer 3.1 and the hydraulic cylinder 3.3. The position of the hydraulic cylinder 3.3 is to ensure a proper distance between the brake pad 3.5 and the rail 2.4, so as to avoid affecting the braking effect and wearing the rail 2.4 and the brake pad 3.5 under normal conditions. The hydraulic cylinder fixer 3.1 is used for fixing the braking system on the axle 2.3, so that the hydraulic cylinder 3.3 does not displace relative to the axle 2.3 when the braking system works.
The working process of the anti-overturning system comprises the following steps:
the anti-overturning system does not need manual operation, and the whole device can automatically prevent risk. When the whole device is installed, bolts 1.5 with proper strength are required to be adopted according to the size of a ladder car, so that the connection strength of the connector 1.3 with the rail clamping wheel 1.1 and the axle 2.3 is ensured, and the rail clamping wheel 1.1 is tightly contacted with the rail 2.4. When the hybrid power ladder vehicle encounters a curve in the running process, once the hybrid power ladder vehicle generates a trend of lateral sliding or centrifugal movement, the rail clamping wheels 1.1 of the inner side rail automatically prevent the hybrid power ladder vehicle from sliding or overturning laterally. In addition, the connector 1.3 is internally provided with the spring 1.3.1, when the transverse and longitudinal curves of the rail 2.4 are changed, the length of the spring 1.3.1 in the connector 1.3 can be automatically adjusted to solve the problem that the rail 2.4 is uneven, and meanwhile, when an obstacle is met, the anti-overturning system also has the function of resisting overturning of the hybrid ladder car.
The working process of the braking system comprises the following steps:
in the normal operation process of the hybrid power ladder car, the situation that the speed is required to be reduced or the car is stopped is met, the braking system 3 is controlled by controlling the switch, when the switch is turned on, the controller 3.8 controls the oil pressure value in the hydraulic cylinder 3.3 to be increased, the telescopic shaft 3.4 of the hydraulic cylinder is pushed to extend, the friction between the brake pad 3.5 and the rail 2.4 is realized, and the purpose of braking is achieved. The sensor 3.6 detects whether the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 3.3 reaches a fixed value set by the controller 3.8, the detected data is fed back to the controller 3.8 through the lead 3.7, the controller 3.8 further adjusts the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 3.3, the pressure between the brake pad 3.5 and the rail 2.4 is ensured to reach the set value of the controller 3.8, and the effect of braking is achieved. For the long-term use in-process, the brake pad 3.5 takes place wearing and tearing and thinning for a long time to influence the problem of the braking effect of braking system 3, controller 3.8 solves through controlling pneumatic cylinder 3.3 oil pressure and reaching the settlement of controller 3.8, still has good braking effect. The telescopic shaft 3.4 has a suitable length, and when the brake pad 3.5 is worn to a certain extent, the telescopic shaft 3.4 cannot continue to extend, and still keeps a suitable distance from the rail 2.4. At this time, the sensor 3.6 detects that the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 3.3 is insufficient and feeds back to the controller 3.8, and the controller 3.8 triggers an alarm system to remind the replacement of the brake pad 3.5. When the brake pad 3.5 is replaced, the hydraulic cylinder 3.3 is manually controlled, so that the telescopic shaft 3.4 is contracted to manually replace the brake pad 3.5.
When the braking system 3 is installed, the axle 2.3 is fixed by selecting a proper position, so that the telescopic shaft 3.4 can achieve a good braking effect within a length range, and the end part of the telescopic shaft 3.4 still keeps a proper distance with the rail 2.4 when the brake pad 3.5 is worn to a replacement degree. The telescopic shaft 3.4 has a fixed length, when the brake pad 3.5 is worn to a certain extent, the telescopic shaft 3.4 cannot extend continuously, the pressure between the brake pad 3.5 and the rail 2.4 cannot reach the set value of the controller 3.8, at the moment, the sensor 3.6 detects that the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 3.3 is insufficient and feeds back to the controller 3.8, and the controller 3.8 initiates an alarm system to remind of replacing the brake pad 3.5. When the brake pad 3.5 is replaced, the hydraulic cylinder 3.3 is manually controlled, so that the telescopic shaft 3.4 is contracted to manually replace the brake pad 3.5.
The telescopic shaft of the hydraulic cylinder comprises: telescopic shaft, interior card, adjusting nut.
The braking device adopts a brand new braking device and a brand new braking method, not only can be used for braking of various rail trains, but also can effectively prevent the trains from sliding sideways and overturning. Practical trials show that the device can realize effective braking of the train and prevent the risk of sideways movement and overturning of the train.
Claims (5)
1. The multifunctional rail transit brake system is characterized by comprising three parts: an anti-overturning system, a rail transit system and a braking system;
the anti-capsizing system comprises: the clamping rail wheel (1.1), the clamping rail wheel shaft (1.2), the connector (1.3), the bearing top sleeve (1.4) and the bolt (1.5);
the rail transit system includes: a wheel (2.1), a rim (2.2), an axle (2.3) and a rail (2.4);
the braking system comprises: the hydraulic cylinder comprises a hydraulic cylinder fixer (3.1), a connecting shaft (3.2), a hydraulic cylinder (3.3), a hydraulic cylinder telescopic shaft (3.4), a brake pad (3.5), a sensor (3.6), a wire or wireless remote controller (3.7) and a controller (3.8);
the connector (1.3) comprises: a spring (1.3.1) and a connecting thick iron sheet (1.3.2);
anti-capsizing system: the anti-overturning system is used for enhancing the lateral contact between the hybrid power ladder car and the rail (2.4) in the whole brake system and preventing the lateral sliding and overturning outwards caused by insufficient lateral constraint provided by the rim (2.2); the rail clamping wheel (1.1) is arranged on the hybrid power ladder car, is arranged on the outer side of the rail (2.4), is tightly contacted with the upper side surface of the groove on the outer side of the rail (2.4), and can freely rotate along with the running of the hybrid power ladder car; the connector (1.3) comprises a spring (1.3.1) and a connecting thick iron sheet (1.3.2), wherein vertical grooves are formed along the length direction of the connecting thick iron sheet (1.3.2), two ends of each vertical groove are of semi-cylindrical structures, the spring (1.3.1) is arranged in the vertical grooves of the connecting thick iron sheet (1.3.2) along the vertical direction, and the spring (1.3.1) can freely stretch out and draw back along the vertical direction in the vertical grooves and cannot be separated from the vertical grooves; the rail clamping wheel (1.1) is arranged on the mixed power ladder car according to the scheme that: the clamping rail wheel (1.1) is fixedly connected with one end of the clamping rail wheel shaft (1.2) in a coaxial manner, the other end of the clamping rail wheel shaft (1.2) is arranged at the bottom end of a groove connected with a vertical groove of the thick iron sheet (1.3.2) and is fixedly connected with one end of the spring (1.3.1), the other end of the clamping rail wheel shaft (1.2) can vibrate freely in the vertical direction in the vertical groove connected with the thick iron sheet (1.3.2), and the axial direction of the clamping rail wheel shaft (1.2) is in the horizontal direction; the axle (2.3) passes through the upper end of the vertical groove of the connecting thick iron sheet (1.3.2) and is fixed with the connecting thick iron sheet (1.3.2) by bolts (1.5); the bearing top sleeve (1.4) is arranged between the connector (1.3) and the wheel (2.1) to prevent the wheel (2.1) from directly rubbing against the connector (1.3);
rail transit system: the axle (2.3) is horizontal, the wheel (2.1) is coaxially fixed on the axle (2.3), the wheel (2.1) is supported right above the rail (2.4), one end of the wheel (2.1) is provided with a rim (2.2), the rim (2.2) is attached to the upper part of the inner side of the rail (2.4) in parallel and a gap is reserved between the rim and the rim, and the rim (2.2) and the bearing top sleeve (1.4) are respectively positioned at two end parts of the wheel (2.1);
braking system: the hydraulic cylinder fixer (3.1) is fixed on the axle (2.3), the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder fixer (3.1) through the connecting shaft (3.2), one end of the hydraulic cylinder telescopic shaft (3.4) is fixedly connected with the hydraulic cylinder (3.3), the other end of the hydraulic cylinder telescopic shaft (3.4) is fixedly connected with the brake block (3.5), and the hydraulic cylinder telescopic shaft (3.4) is parallel to the axle (2.3) and can horizontally stretch and retract left and right; the brake block (3.5) horizontally corresponds to the groove on the inner side surface of the rail (2.4) and can be matched with the groove on the inner side surface of the rail (2.4) in an up-down fit way; the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) is provided with a sensor (3.6), and the sensor (3.6) is connected with the controller (3.8) through a lead or a wireless remote controller (3.7);
the side surface of the brake block (3.5) is in a conical surface structure, and the end part is a groove with a small end surface pointing to the inner side surface of the rail (2.4);
the sensor is a pressure sensor.
2. A multi-functional rail transit brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that the telescopic shaft (3.4) of the hydraulic cylinder comprises a telescopic shaft (3.4.1), an inner clamping piece (3.4.2) and an adjusting nut (3.4.3), the telescopic shaft (3.4.1) directly passes through the center of the brake block (3.5), the adjusting nut (3.4.3) and the inner clamping piece (3.4.2) are located at both sides of the brake block (3.5) for fixing the brake block (3.5), and the adjusting nut (3.4.3) is located at the end of the telescopic shaft (3.4.1).
3. A multi-functional rail transit brake system according to claim 2, characterized in that the telescopic shaft (3.4.1) of the telescopic shaft (3.4) of the hydraulic cylinder directly controls the position of the brake block (3.5), the inner clamping block (3.4.2) and the adjusting nut (3.4.3) being used for fixing the position of the brake block (3.5); the brake pad (3.5) is connected with the inner clamping piece (3.4.2) by bolts (1.5), and the inner clamping piece (3.4.2) is rigidly connected with the telescopic shaft, so that the brake pad (3.5) is prevented from moving and rotating; the adjusting nut (3.4.3) is fixed on the outer side of the brake pad (3.5), so that the brake pad (3.5) is prevented from moving outwards, the fixing effect of the brake pad (3.5) is enhanced, and the brake pad (3.5) and the hydraulic cylinder telescopic shaft (3.4) are prevented from moving and rotating relatively.
4. A multi-functional rail transit brake system according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping rail axle (1.2) is connected to the spring (1.3.1) in the connector (1.3) and is fixed by means of bolts (1.5), the clamping rail axle (1.2) being inseparable from the spring (1.3.1); the clamping rail wheel (1.1) is connected to the clamping rail wheel shaft (1.2) by bolts (1.5), and meanwhile, the clamping rail wheel (1.1) and the rail (2.4) can be tightly attached, and the clamping rail wheel (1.1) can automatically rotate during the running of the ladder car; the connecting thick iron sheet (1.3.2) of the connector (1.3) is fixed on the axle (2.3) by bolts (1.5), so that relative movement and rotation between the connecting thick iron sheet (1.3.2) and the axle (2.3) are avoided, and the spring (1.3.1) of the connector (1.3) is fixed below the axle (2.3) and is inseparable from the axle (2.3); the vertical groove for placing the spring (1.3.1) is arranged in the center of the thick iron sheet (1.3.2), so that the spring (1.3.1) can only vertically stretch in the groove, the purpose that the rail clamping wheel shaft (1.2) can only vertically displace on the connector (1.3) within a certain range is achieved, and horizontal movement and relative rotation do not occur between the two; when the transverse or longitudinal curve of the rail (2.4) changes, the spring automatically adjusts the length to realize the up-and-down movement of the rail clamping wheel (1.1) so as to realize the tight contact between the rail clamping wheel (1.1) and the rail (2.4) and prevent the system from overturning;
braking system: the braking system is used for braking of the vehicle and is a means for preventing danger and realizing emergency stop of the vehicle; the brake pad (3.5) is a part for braking, when braking is needed, a braking system is started, the brake pad (3.5) is contacted with the rail (2.4), and the effect of braking the hybrid power ladder car is achieved by friction between the brake pad (3.5) and the rail (2.4); the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) is used for controlling the oil pressure in the braking system, and the controller (3.8) is used for controlling the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) to reach a fixed pressure value set in advance; the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) is connected with the controller (3.8) by a lead (3.7), the controller (3.8) directly controls the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) to increase after the braking system is started, and the brake pad (3.5) and the rail (2.4) generate friction under the action of the oil pressure to realize braking and stopping; the sensor (3.6) is arranged on the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) and is used for detecting the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder (3.3); the sensor (3.6) is connected with the controller (3.8) by a wire (3.7), and the sensor (3.6) feeds back information to the controller (3.8) through the wire (3.7); when the sensor (3.6) detects that the pressure set by the controller (3.8) is reached between the brake pad (3.5) and the rail (2.4), the controller (3.8) controls the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) to be unchanged; after the braking system is closed, the controller (3.8) controls the brake pad (3.5) to automatically reset; in the normal use process, the abrasion thinning of the brake pad (3.5) can influence the braking effect; when the preset fixed pressure value cannot be reached, the sensor (3.6) feeds back to the controller (3.8) that the oil pressure value in the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) does not reach the pressure value set by the controller (3.8), and the controller (3.8) controls the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) to continue to increase until the preset fixed pressure value is reached, so that the braking effect is ensured; in order to prevent the brake pad (3.5) from being worn to a certain extent, the telescopic shaft (3.4) rubs with the rail (2.4), the length of the telescopic shaft (3.4) is controlled within a certain range, and when the brake pad (3.5) is worn to a replacement extent, the telescopic shaft (3.4) cannot continue to stretch, and still keeps a proper distance with the rail (2.4); the controller (3.8) is connected with the alarm system, when the telescopic shaft (3.4) cannot extend, the sensor (3.6) detects that the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) is insufficient and feeds back to the controller (3.8), and the controller (3.8) triggers the alarm system to remind the replacement of the brake pad (3.5); when the brake pad (3.5) is replaced, the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) is manually controlled, so that the telescopic shaft (3.4) is contracted to manually replace the brake pad (3.5); the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) controls the telescopic shaft (3.4) of the hydraulic cylinder to control the position of the brake pad (3.5) so as to realize braking; the connecting shaft (3.2) is used for fixing the position of the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) so as to ensure that the position of the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) is not changed; the hydraulic cylinder fixer (3.1), the connecting shaft (3.2) and the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) are connected by adopting high-strength bolts (1.5), so that the hydraulic cylinder fixer (3.1), the connecting shaft (3.2) and the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) are prevented from moving and rotating relatively; the whole braking device is fixed at a proper position on an axle (2.3) through a hydraulic cylinder fixer (3.1), so that a certain distance is kept between a brake pad (3.5) and a rail (2.4) when the system is in a non-working state, and braking can be effectively realized when the system is in a working state; when the whole braking system works, the braking system and the axle (2.3) are ensured not to displace and rotate.
5. The operation mode of the multifunctional rail transit brake system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein when the brake is needed, the brake system (3) is started, the controller (3.8) controls the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) to increase so as to push the telescopic shaft (3.4) of the hydraulic cylinder, and the brake pad (3.5) and the rail (2.4) reach a certain pressure under the action of the oil pressure and generate friction so as to realize braking and stopping; when the sensor (3.6) detects that the brake pad (3.5) and the rail (2.4) reach a certain pressure, the sensor (3.6) feeds back information to the controller (3.8), and the controller (3.8) controls the oil pressure of the hydraulic cylinder (3.3) to be unchanged; after the brake system (3) is closed, the brake pad is automatically reset; the rail clamping wheels (1.1) on two sides of the hybrid power ladder car are tightly contacted with the rails (2.4), and the rail clamping wheels (1.1) automatically rotate along with the running of the hybrid power ladder car, so that the hybrid power ladder car can resist lateral movement and overturning and simultaneously reduce friction with the rails; in addition, the rim (2.2) of the hybrid ladder car also has the effect of preventing the hybrid ladder car from sideways moving and overturning to a certain extent.
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| CN113147823A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-07-23 | 力博工业技术研究院(山东)有限公司 | Rail clamping device for discharging car, discharging car comprising rail clamping device and braking method |
| CN113202890B (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2023-03-24 | 上海彩虹鱼海洋科技股份有限公司 | Combined braking device for distribution and recovery system |
| CN113968260B (en) * | 2021-11-19 | 2022-07-01 | 兰州三力电气有限公司 | Rail double-power operation vehicle |
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