CN113174790B

CN113174790B - Composite grinding method for steel rail

Info

Publication number: CN113174790B
Application number: CN202110455037.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余高翔; 张东方; 郭平; 李从祥; 王�华; 罗旦; 杨全
Original assignee: Zhuzhou CSR Times Electric Co Ltd
Current assignee: Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-26
Filing date: 2021-04-26
Publication date: 2022-10-04
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-26
Also published as: CN113174790A

Abstract

The invention discloses a composite steel rail grinding method, which comprises the following steps: s10) carrying out enveloping grinding on the rail surface of the steel rail by using a cup-shaped grinding wheel of an enveloping grinding unit; s20) carrying out profile grinding on the rail surface of the steel rail subjected to envelope grinding by using a profile grinding wheel of the profile grinding unit. If the abrasion of the steel rail does not exceed the set range, the profiling grinding wheel is used alone to carry out preventive grinding on the steel rail with small grinding amount. If the abrasion of the steel rail exceeds a set range and the repair grinding with large grinding amount is needed, the enveloping grinding of the profile of the steel rail is firstly carried out by adopting a cup-shaped grinding wheel, and then the grinding operation is carried out on the rail surface of the steel rail by adopting a profiling grinding wheel. The invention can solve the technical problems that the prior steel rail grinding method can not simultaneously meet the requirements of large grinding quantity, wide grinding angle range, high operation efficiency, good operation passing performance and the like of the steel rail.

Description

Composite grinding method for steel rail

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rail engineering machinery, in particular to a composite polishing method applied to steel rail polishing.

Background

In the running process of a train, the rail surface condition is continuously deteriorated and the rail head is deformed due to multiple reasons of long-term severe working environment of the steel rail, dynamic action, natural environment, quality of the steel rail and the like, so that the defects of wave abrasion, fat edge, peeling, rail surface scale and the like are generated, and the driving safety is influenced. The rail is polished to remove the unevenness on the surface of the rail and restore the rail head to the original design requirement, so that the wheel-rail relation is effectively improved, the development of the surface defects of the rail is slowed down, the surface smoothness of the rail is improved, and the service life of the rail is prolonged. The grinding trolley is an actuating mechanism for grinding operation and is a key composition structure of the steel rail grinding wagon.

The grinding device is an actuating mechanism for steel rail grinding operation, is also a key component and a core operation structure of the steel rail grinding wagon, and has important position and function on the grinding wagon. Meanwhile, the polishing action, quality and efficiency required by the polishing car, the coverage condition of the steel rail polishing angle, the advancement of the polishing process and the like are finally reflected by the polishing device. While the grinding device usually comprises a plurality of grinding units, the existing rail grinding device generally comprises 6, 8, 10 and other grinding units. The most central part of the grinding trolley is the grinding unit, and the grinding wheel of the grinding unit directly acts on the steel rail to realize the grinding operation, so the reasonability of the mechanism design of the grinding unit and the accuracy of the action are very important.

In the prior art, the following technical solutions are mainly related to the present invention:

prior art 1 is a chinese invention application published under 20140422 and 20140709 by the company llc in the engineering of twenty-seven locomotives in beijing, and published under CN 103911926A. The application discloses rail grinding wagon, including the car frame body, be equipped with the unit of polishing on the car frame body, the lower part of car frame body is equipped with the walking wheel, and the car frame body hangs on the train of polishing, is equipped with hydraulic cylinder between the car frame body and the train of polishing. And a locking device is arranged between the frame body and the grinding train. And a traction device is arranged between the frame body and the grinding train. The steel rail grinding wagon described by the application can correct wavy abrasion of the rail and abrasion of the wheel rail, correct the defects of inclined deformation of the inner rail and the outer rail, repair the contact surface of the wheel rail and the like, is suitable for large-scale road maintenance operation, and grinds linear and curved steel rails.

The prior art 2 is a chinese invention application published as 20190308 and 20190514 by the electronic technology limited of spaic in the long sand with publication number CN 109750566A. The application discloses rail dolly of polishing, which comprises a vehicle rack, the unit of polishing and derailment protection device, the traction lever is all installed to the top both sides of frame, and the below of frame is fixed with walks capable wheel, the unit of polishing sets up in the inside of frame, and the top of frame installs the collection dirt passageway, derailment protection device is fixed in the left and right sides of frame, and the inside both sides of frame install hoisting device, hoisting device's below is provided with the electric jar that deflects, and the guide bar is installed to the below of the electric jar that deflects, the outside of guide bar is provided with the guide holder, and one side of guide holder is fixed with the electric jar. The rail dolly of polishing that this application described is provided with the sideslip structure of the translation of being convenient for, and the guide holder can be at the displacement on the guide bar under the drive effect of electric cylinder to can realize polishing the sideslip of unit, be convenient for avoid rail both sides barrier, enlarge the operation range polishing.

Prior art 3 is the chinese invention application published in 20150825 and 20151111 under the publication No. CN105040536A by the group of the china iron shanghai engineering office, the group of the china hai engineering company limited of the china iron shanghai engineering office, and the kowa power lifting technology (shanghai) company limited. The application discloses a five-grinding-head profiling full-section grinding device for steel rail welding seams and a grinding method, wherein two sets of rail head grinding mechanisms, two sets of rail web grinding mechanisms and one set of rail bottom grinding mechanism are integrally fixed on a base lower sliding table device through a power sliding table fixing frame arranged in the rail head grinding mechanisms respectively, a grinding head component of each rail head grinding mechanism is abutted against a part to be ground of a rail head, a grinding head component of each rail web grinding mechanism is abutted against a part to be ground of the rail web, a grinding head component of each rail bottom grinding mechanism is abutted against a part to be ground of the rail bottom, the base lower sliding table device is controlled and connected by a base lower sliding table feeding mechanism and is installed on a base plate assembly, laser positioning detection devices are further arranged in front of and behind each grinding head, the laser positioning detection devices are connected with a control device through signal lines, and the control device is controlled and connected with the base lower sliding table feeding mechanism. The grinding device that this application described long service life, degree of automation is high, and maneuverability is strong, needs the manual work few, and environmental pollution is light, and the workman receives the possibility of personal injury little.

The prior art 1 and the prior art 2 both adopt the cup-shaped grinding wheel to polish, have the technical defects of complex structure, large number of grinding heads and easy interference with rail edge equipment during deflection, are difficult to realize full profile polishing of turnouts, and have certain line limiting conditions in use. In the prior art 3, the grinding is performed by using the disc-shaped grinding wheel, and although the advantages of small number of grinding heads, good operation passing performance and the like are provided, the technical defects of low operation efficiency, narrow grinding angle range and serious grinding head abrasion of the steel rail molding still exist.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a composite rail grinding method, so as to solve the technical problems that the existing grinding method cannot simultaneously satisfy the requirements of large rail grinding amount, wide grinding angle range, high operation efficiency, good operation passing performance, etc.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention specifically provides a technical implementation scheme of a composite rail grinding method, which comprises the following steps:

s10) enveloping the rail surface of the steel rail by using a cup-shaped grinding wheel of an enveloping grinding unit;

s20) carrying out profile grinding on the rail surface of the steel rail subjected to envelope grinding by using a profile grinding wheel of the profile grinding unit.

Further, profile detection is performed on the rail before the grinding operation, the grinding target profile is set after the detection, and if it is determined that the wear of the rail does not exceed the set range, preventive grinding with a small grinding amount is performed on the rail using the copying grinding wheel alone. If the abrasion of the steel rail is judged to exceed the set range and the repairing grinding with large grinding amount is needed, the enveloping grinding of the profile of the steel rail is firstly carried out by adopting the cup-shaped grinding wheel, and then the grinding operation is carried out on the rail surface of the steel rail by adopting the copying grinding wheel, so as to avoid the copying grinding wheel from being molded.

Further, in the step S10), the envelope grinding unit adjusts to a set horizontal position and an inclination angle, grinds the rail surface of the rail through the end surface of the cup-shaped grinding wheel, and realizes the envelope of the whole target profile of the rail surface of the single-side rail through the combination of 1 to 7 cup-shaped grinding wheels.

Further, in the step S10), the cup-shaped grinding wheel can form any included angle between 40 ° out and 75 ° inward with the top surface of the steel rail by the first grinding wheel driving mechanism.

Furthermore, the first grinding wheel driving mechanism comprises a first rotating mechanism, a first deflection mechanism, a first transverse moving mechanism and a first lifting mechanism. The step S10) further includes:

the steel rail grinding device is arranged on a steel rail, the cup-shaped grinding wheel is driven to rotate through the first rotating mechanism, a set included angle is formed between the end face of the cup-shaped grinding wheel and the top face of the steel rail through the first deflection mechanism, the center of the cup-shaped grinding wheel is driven to be close to the rail face of the ground steel rail through the first transverse moving mechanism, and the cup-shaped grinding wheel is pressed down on the rail face of the steel rail through the first lifting mechanism to carry out grinding operation.

Further, in the step S20), the profile grinding unit is adjusted to a set lateral position, and grinds the rail surface of the steel rail by an outer circumference of a profile grinding wheel thereof. The rotating working surface of the profiling grinding wheel is perpendicular to the rail surface of the steel rail, and the profiling of the whole target profile of the rail surface of the single-side steel rail is realized through the combination of 1 to 5 profiling grinding wheels.

Further, in the step S20), the profiling grinding wheel can cover a grinding angle deviated from 40 ° to 75 ° from the outer side of the rail surface by the driving of the second grinding wheel driving mechanism.

Furthermore, the second grinding wheel driving mechanism comprises a second rotating mechanism, a second transverse moving mechanism and a second lifting mechanism. The step S20) further includes:

the rail surface of the steel rail polished in the enveloping mode is subjected to copying grinding through the copying grinding wheel, the second rotating mechanism drives the copying grinding wheel to rotate, the second transverse moving mechanism drives the copying grinding wheel to be close to the rail surface of the polished steel rail, the second lifting mechanism presses the copying grinding wheel down on the rail surface of the steel rail to grind, and finally the polished steel rail surface with polishing profile and target profile height coincident, smooth surface and no bluing phenomenon is obtained.

Furthermore, in the grinding operation process, when a rail section with obstacles on the inner side of a turnout area or a track is passed, only a profiling grinding wheel is adopted for grinding.

Further, in the step S10), a tangential direction of a contact point of the profiling grinding wheel and the steel rail forms an angle of 0 ° or a set angle with a length direction of the steel rail.

Further, the grinding working surface of the profiling grinding wheel is processed into all or part of the target profile of the steel rail.

By implementing the technical scheme of the steel rail composite grinding method provided by the invention, the steel rail composite grinding method has the following beneficial effects:

(1) According to the steel rail composite polishing method, the mode of combining enveloping polishing and profiling polishing is adopted, the advantages of two polishing modes can be fully utilized, the respective defects and shortcomings are overcome, the applicability and the universality of the polishing device are greatly enhanced, and the steel rail polishing under various railway environments can be realized through different combination modes;

(2) According to the steel rail composite grinding method, when preventive grinding with small grinding amount is carried out, only the copying grinding unit can be used for operation, so that excessive grinding is avoided; when turnout grinding is carried out or a line section with a barrier on the inner side of a steel rail is ground, only a profile grinding unit can be used for operation without skipping the areas, and the operation passing performance is good;

(3) According to the composite grinding method for the steel rail, when repairable grinding with large grinding amount is carried out, the enveloping grinding unit can be used for operation firstly, and then the profiling grinding unit is used for fine grinding, so that the grinding operation efficiency is improved; when the deformation of the steel rail is large (such as the existence of diseases such as fat edge and the like), the enveloping grinding unit can be used for operation firstly, and then the profiling grinding unit can be used for operation, so that the profiling grinding wheel can be prevented from being molded;

(4) The composite grinding method for the steel rail disclosed by the invention combines envelope grinding and profile grinding, the envelope grinding is carried out before the profile grinding, the structure is simple, the number of grinding heads is small, the grinding angle range is wide, and the steel rail grinding surface with the grinding profile highly coincident with the target profile, the surface is smooth and clean and no bluing phenomenon can be finally obtained.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the invention and that other embodiments may be devised by those skilled in the art without the use of inventive faculty.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the layout of a cup wheel in envelope grinding mode in one embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a grinding area for envelope grinding in one embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the layout of a copying wheel in a copying grinding mode in an embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of the grinding area of a profile grinding in one embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the layout of a profiling grinding wheel in another embodiment of the composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a front elevational view of a profile grinding wheel layout in a profile grinding mode in a third embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic top plan view of the layout of a copying wheel in a copying grinding mode in a third embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus constructed in accordance with the teachings of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the grinding area of a profile grinding in another embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a simplified schematic illustration of a profile grinding unit with portions omitted in one embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus according to the methods of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a simplified schematic illustration of an envelope grinding unit with portions omitted in one embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the teachings of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic perspective view of a layout of grinding wheels in an embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic perspective view of a grinding wheel layout at another viewing angle in an embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a front view schematically illustrating the layout of grinding wheels in one embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic top plan view of the layout of grinding wheels in one embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic left side view of a layout of grinding wheels in one embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a right side elevational view of a schematic of the layout of grinding wheels in one embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic perspective view of a grinding wheel layout of a second embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of a rail grinding compound apparatus according to the present invention showing the grinding wheel layout from another perspective;

FIG. 19 is a schematic plan view of the layout of grinding wheels in a second embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus according to the method of the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic structural view of one embodiment of a rail grinding wagon according to the method of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a schematic illustration of the rail grinding apparatus (without the fire and dust control apparatus) in an embodiment of the rail grinding vehicle based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 22 is a schematic perspective view of a rail grinding apparatus in one embodiment of a rail grinding wagon according to the present invention;

FIG. 23 is a schematic illustration of a layout of grinding wheels in an embodiment of a rail grinding wagon according to the present invention;

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of a layout of a grinding wheel in a second embodiment of a rail grinding wagon according to the method of the present invention;

FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram of the envelope grinding unit in one embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 26 is a schematic view of an envelope grinding unit in another perspective of one embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 27 is a schematic illustration of the mounting structure of an envelope grinding unit in an embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of a profiling grinding unit in one embodiment of a composite rail grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 29 is a schematic view of a profile grinding unit from another perspective in an embodiment of a rail compound grinding apparatus based on the method of the present invention;

FIG. 30 is a schematic illustration of the mounting arrangement of a profile grinding unit in an embodiment of a rail compound grinding apparatus according to the method of the present invention;

FIG. 31 is a flowchart of the process of one embodiment of the present invention for composite rail grinding;

in the figure: 1-enveloping grinding unit, 2-profiling grinding unit, 3-rail, 4-first grinding wheel drive, 5-second grinding wheel drive, 6-lifting mechanism, 7-traction mechanism, 8-running wheel, 9-outer beam of traverse guide, 10-stationary beam of traverse guide, 100-rail grinding device, 101-first traverse guide, 102-first grinding unit frame, 103-first motor locking device, 104-first lifting drive, 105-first grinding motor, 106-first motor mounting back plate, 107-first lifting guide, 108-stationary beam of guide, 109-first lifting drive connection seat, 110-first deflection drive, 111-first deflection shaft, 112-first lifting guide, 113-first pivoted arm, 114-a first grinding wheel, 115-a second rotating arm, 116-a first traverse driving mechanism, 117-a first connecting beam, 118-a first traverse guide sleeve, 119-a motor junction box, 120-a locking mounting seat, 121-a locking handle, 122-a connecting pin, 123-a first locking hook, 124-a locking spring, 125-a lifting driving mounting seat, 126-a first arm support, 127-a first rib plate, 128-a first rotating arm hole, 129-a second connecting beam, 200-a steel rail composite grinding device, 201-a second traverse guide post, 202-a second grinding unit frame, 203-a second motor locking device, 204-a second lifting driving mechanism, 205-a second grinding motor, 206-a second motor mounting back plate, 207-a second lifting guide sleeve, 208-side pressure driving mechanism, 209-second deflection driving mechanism, 210-second deflection shaft, 211-second traverse driving mechanism, 212-second lifting guide column, 213-third rotating arm, 214-second grinding wheel, 215-fourth rotating arm, 216-belt transmission mechanism, 217-motor swinging frame, 218-second traverse guide sleeve, 219-guide column upper fixing beam, 220-motor swinging frame mounting seat, 221-rotating shaft, 222-side pressure driving mounting frame, 223-third connecting beam, 224-side pressure driving connecting seat, 225-transmission box, 226-lifting driving connecting seat, 227-fourth connecting beam, 228-second locking hook, 229-second arm frame, 230-second rib plate, 231-second rotating arm hole, 300-frame, 400-steel rail grinding wagon, 500-fireproof and dustproof device and 600-wagon body.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 1 to 31, an embodiment of the composite rail grinding method according to the present invention is shown, and the present invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the embodiment.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 19, an embodiment of a composite rail grinding device 200 based on the method of the present invention specifically includes:

the enveloping grinding unit 1 and the profiling grinding unit 2 are arranged above the steel rail 3 along the operation direction;

the enveloping grinding unit 1 is used for enveloping grinding the rail surface of the steel rail 3 by using a first grinding wheel 114, wherein the first grinding wheel 114 is a cup-shaped grinding wheel, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2;

the profiling grinding unit 2 performs profiling grinding on the rail surface of the steel rail 3 by using a second grinding wheel 214, wherein the second grinding wheel 214 is a profiling grinding wheel, as shown in fig. 3 and 4.

The grinding face of the second grinding wheel 214 is machined to the full or partial target profile of the rail 3. The profiling grinding wheel can be made into a profiling surface of the target profile of the whole steel rail 3 through one grinding wheel, and can also be combined into a profiling surface conforming to the target profile through a plurality of (such as three or more) grinding wheels. Or the grinding working surface of the second grinding wheel 214 is straight without being processed in advance, and the second grinding wheel 214 automatically generates a corresponding arc surface according to the arc surface of the rail grinding position to be molded by utilizing the grinding self-sharpening property of the second grinding wheel 214 in the grinding operation process.

When grinding operation is performed, the enveloping grinding unit 1 is adjusted to a set transverse position and an inclination angle, is pressed downwards, grinds the rail surface of the steel rail 3 through the end surface of the first grinding wheel 114, and realizes enveloping of the whole target profile of the rail surface of the unilateral steel rail 3 through the combination of a single or a plurality of first grinding wheels 114. As a typical embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 11 to 19, an envelope of the entire target profile of the surface of the one-sided steel rail 3 can be achieved by a combination of 5 first grinding wheels 114.

When performing the grinding work, the copying grinding unit 2 is adjusted to a set lateral position, and presses down and grinds the rail surface of the steel rail 3 through the outer circumferential surface of the second grinding wheel 214 thereof. The rotary working surface of the second grinding wheel 214 is perpendicular to the rail surface of the steel rail 3, and the profiling of the whole target profile of the rail surface of the unilateral steel rail 3 is realized through a single (as shown in figures 3 and 4) or a combination of a plurality of (as shown in figures 5 and 6) second grinding wheels 214. As shown in fig. 11 to 16, profiling of the entire target profile of the face of the single side rail 3 can be achieved by a single second grinding wheel 214 (forward grinding, i.e. in the grinding operation in the direction indicated by L) or a combination of 3 second grinding wheels 214 (reverse grinding, i.e. in the grinding operation in the reverse direction indicated by L). When the front end and the rear end of the profiling grinding unit 2 along the operation direction are provided with the enveloping grinding units 1, the steel rail grinding wagon 400 can finish reciprocating grinding on the steel rail 3 without reversing, and the steel rail 3 with higher grinding quality can be formed. As shown in fig. 17 to 19, the profiling of the entire target profile of the rail surface of the single-sided steel rail 3 is realized by the combination of 2 second grinding wheels 214.

The rail composite grinding apparatus 200 further comprises 1 to 7 envelope grinding units 1. As shown in fig. 10, the first grinding wheel 114 can form any angle between 40 ° outward and 75 ° inward with the top surface of the steel rail 3 under the driving of the first grinding wheel driving mechanism 4, as shown in fig. 2. The rail composite grinding apparatus 200 further includes 1 to 5 profile grinding units 2. As shown in fig. 9, the second grinding wheel 214 can cover a grinding angle of the rail surface of the steel rail 3 which is deviated from the central vertical line by 40 ° to 75 ° from the central vertical line by the driving of the second grinding wheel driving mechanism 5, as shown in fig. 3 and 4. Theoretically, the more the number of the first grinding wheel 114 and the second grinding wheel 214 is set, the finer the grinding effect on the steel rail 3 and the higher the grinding quality. However, the present embodiment gives an optimum structural arrangement of 5 first grinding

wheels

114 and 3 second grinding wheels 214 for a single-sided rail 3, taking into account both grinding quality and complexity of the apparatus structure and cost factors.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, the tangential direction of the contact point of the second grinding wheel 214 with the rail 3 forms an angle of 0 ° or a predetermined angle, such as 15 °, with the length direction of the rail 3. After the grinding motor is installed, the included angle between the grinding wheel and the steel rail 3 is controllable, and the splashing direction of high-temperature scrap iron under grinding is ensured to be controllable. Meanwhile, a certain included angle is formed between the grinding trace and the length direction of the steel rail, and staggered grains can be formed by the included angles at different angles, so that the service life of the surface of the steel rail 3 is prolonged.

When the wear or deformation of the rail 3 does not exceed the set range, the rail 3 is preventively ground by a small grinding amount by using the second grinding wheel 214 to avoid excessive grinding. The envelope sanding unit 1 is operated before the profile sanding unit 2. When the abrasion or deformation of the steel rail 3 exceeds a set range and the repair grinding with large grinding amount is needed, the first grinding wheel 114 is firstly adopted to carry out the enveloping grinding of the profile of the steel rail, and then the second grinding wheel 214 is adopted to carry out the finish grinding on the rail surface of the steel rail 3, so that the grinding operation efficiency is improved. When the steel rail is deformed greatly (due to defects such as fat edge and the like), the enveloping grinding unit 1 can be adopted for operation, and then the profiling grinding unit 2 is adopted for operation, so that the second grinding wheel 214 is prevented from being molded. And a second grinding wheel 214 is adopted to carry out grinding operation on the turnout area. The second grinding wheel 214 is used to grind sections of the rail where there are obstacles (e.g., axle counters, automatic lubrication, guard rails, civil air defense doors, etc.) inside the track 3 without having to jump over these areas. As shown in fig. 10, the first grinding wheel driving mechanism 4 includes a first rotating mechanism, a first deflecting mechanism, a first traversing mechanism and a first lifting mechanism, and the first grinding wheel 114 is driven by the first rotating mechanism to rotate in the direction W. The first deflection mechanism deflects the end face of the first grinding wheel 114 in the direction indicated by D (i.e., the inside and outside direction of the rail) and forms a predetermined angle with the top surface of the rail 3. The first traverse mechanism drives the center of the first grinding wheel 114 to move in the direction indicated by Y (i.e. perpendicular to the length of the rail) and approach the rail surface of the rail 3 to be ground. The first lifting mechanism drives the first grinding wheel 114 to press down on the rail surface of the steel rail 3 along the direction indicated by Z (variable pressure can be applied to the rail surface of the steel rail 3) along the direction indicated by X (i.e. the direction in which the steel rail grinding wagon 400 operates and travels) to perform grinding operation.

As shown in fig. 9, the second grinding wheel driving mechanism 5 includes a second rotating mechanism, a second traversing mechanism and a second lifting mechanism, and the second rotating mechanism drives the second grinding wheel 214 to rotate along the direction W. And the enveloping-type ground rail 3 rail surface is subjected to profile grinding by the second grinding wheel 214. The second traverse mechanism drives the second grinding wheel 214 to approach the rail surface of the rail 3 to be ground along the direction indicated by Y, and the second lifting mechanism drives the second grinding wheel 214 to press down on the rail surface of the rail 3 along the direction indicated by Z (variable pressure can be applied to the rail surface of the rail 3) along the direction indicated by X (i.e. the direction in which the rail grinding wagon 400 works and advances) to perform grinding operation.

The embodiment provides a steel rail composite grinding device 200 combining enveloping grinding and profiling grinding, which can make full use of the advantages of two grinding modes, make up for the defects of the other side and greatly increase the applicability and universality of the grinding device to the operation line environment, and can better meet the operation requirements of the railway maintenance department on steel rail grinding operation.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 20 to 24, an embodiment of a rail grinding wagon 400 based on the method of the present invention specifically includes:

a vehicle body 600;

a frame 300 provided at a lower portion of the vehicle body 600;

and a rail compound grinding device 200 mounted on the carriage 300, as described in embodiment 1, the rail compound grinding device 200 including at least one rail grinding device 100.

Rail grinding wagon 400, further comprising:

a lifting mechanism 6 with one end connected to the bottom of the rail grinding wagon 400 and the other end connected to the frame 300;

a traction mechanism 7 which is arranged at the bottom of the rail grinding wagon 400 and is connected with the frame 300;

and a fireproof and dustproof device 500 installed on the frame 300 and disposed outside the frame 300, and the rail grinding device 100 is installed on the frame 300 and disposed inside the fireproof and dustproof device 500.

The whole rail grinding wagon 400 comprises a wagon body 600, a lifting mechanism 6, a traction mechanism 7, traveling wheels 8, a rail grinding device 100, a frame 300, a fireproof and dustproof device 500 and the like. Wherein, the lifting mechanism 6 and the traction mechanism 7 are connected with one end of the car body 600 of the rail grinding wagon 400 and the other end of the car body 300 respectively. The rail grinding apparatus 100 is mounted on the carriage 300. The exterior of the rail grinding device 100 and the frame 300 is provided with a fireproof and dustproof system 500, which includes a top soft curtain, a vehicle door, a bottom soft curtain and other structures. The fireproof and dustproof system 500 is installed on the frame 300, and can play a role in sealing the environment and isolating scrap iron, sparks and dust.

Wherein, drive mechanism 7 further adopts vertical installation formula structure, can solve the draw drawback that traditional dolly of polishing inclined pull mechanism brought to one side, avoids the deloading effect that the vertical traction component force of inclined pull rod leads to, can also shorten grinding device's whole size space, is favorable to rail grinding wagon 400's dimensional design and overall arrangement.

The ground working surface of the profiling grinding wheel is machined to the full or partial target profile of the rail 3. Meanwhile, the grinding position and angle are adjusted for multiple times by one cup-shaped grinding wheel, or the envelope of the whole target profile of the steel rail 3 is realized by the combination of a plurality of cup-shaped grinding wheels. As shown in the above figures, the grinding method uses a cup-shaped grinding wheel to form a plurality of grinding surfaces (according to the rail grinding standard, the grinding surface width in each area should meet the relevant railway standard) to envelop the rail surface, so that the ground rail surface is composed of a plurality of small planes. The profiling of the target profile of the entire rail 3 is achieved by one profiling grinding wheel having a profile of the target profile of the entire rail 3, or a combination of a plurality of profiling grinding wheels. The grinding mode of the copying grinding adopts a copying grinding wheel which is processed and formed and has the similar profile with the grinding target to grind the steel rail 3, the grinding mode can form a smooth steel rail profile and a steel rail surface with lower roughness value, and simultaneously can smoothly grind through a turnout area, but the grinding wheel of the grinding mode is easily influenced by the profile of the ground steel rail and loses the original profile. Thus, in the present embodiment, the envelope sanding unit 1 is arranged in front of the profile sanding unit 2 in the working direction L, the envelope sanding unit 1 working before the profile sanding unit 2. The rail grinding wagon 400 provided by the embodiment has both the grinding operation mechanism for envelope grinding (i.e. the envelope grinding unit 1) and the profiling grinding operation mechanism (i.e. the profiling grinding unit 2), and according to specific line conditions and operation requirements, flexible operation combination can be performed on the two operation mechanisms so as to better meet the operation requirements of construction.

The rail composite grinding apparatus 200 includes at least two rail grinding apparatuses 100, wherein one rail grinding apparatus 100 includes 1 to 7 envelope grinding units 1 installed at the left and/or right side of a carriage 300, and the other rail grinding apparatus 100 includes 1 to 5 profile grinding units 2 installed at the left and/or right side of the carriage 300. The rail complex grinding apparatus 200 includes at least one rail grinding apparatus 100, and the rail grinding apparatus 100 includes 1 to 7 enveloping grinding units 1 installed at the left and/or right side of the carriage 300, and 1 to 5 profiling grinding units 2. As shown in fig. 23 and 24, the distribution of the envelope grinding unit 1 in the one-side frame 300 is centrosymmetric with respect to the geometric center point of the one-side frame 300. The distribution of the envelope grinding unit 1 on the left and right side frames 300 is axisymmetric with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the rail grinding device 100 or is centrosymmetric with respect to the geometric center point of the rail grinding device 100.

In the present embodiment, 2 to 10 envelope grinding units 1 (the number of envelope grinding units 1 is variable, and an even number is generally selected) and 2 to 6 profile grinding units 2 (the number of profile grinding units 2 is variable, and an even number is generally selected) are installed on the left and right sides of the same rail grinding device 100, as shown in fig. 23. The end face of each cup wheel may be angled at any angle from 40 to 75 outwardly from the top surface of the rail 3 by the wheel mounting means (i.e. the first wheel drive means 4), as shown in figure 2. The profile wheel or combination thereof may cover rail grinding angles that are 40 ° out to 75 ° in, and the entire profile is covered by one or more different profile wheels (e.g. three). As shown in the attached figures 5 and 6, the grinding requirement of forming the rail profile by deviating 40 degrees outwards to 75 degrees inwards is realized by the arrangement of the positions of the three copying grinding wheels, or the grinding requirement of covering the rail deviating 40 degrees outwards to 75 degrees inwards by using a single copying grinding wheel is realized, as shown in the attached figures 3 and 4. The installation of the profiling grinding wheel can be designed in such a way that the tangential direction of the contact point of the grinding wheel and the steel rail forms an angle of 0 degree or a certain included angle, such as 15 degrees, with the length direction of the steel rail, as shown in the attached figures 7 and 8. Or 2 to 10 envelope grinding units 1 (corresponding to cup wheels) may be installed in one

rail grinding apparatus

100 and 2 to 6 profile grinding units 2 (corresponding to profile wheels) may be installed in another rail grinding apparatus 100, as shown in fig. 24.

The profile detection is carried out on the steel rail 3 before the grinding, the setting of the grinding target profile is carried out after the detection, and if the abrasion of the steel rail 3 is judged not to exceed the set range, the profiling grinding wheel is independently used for carrying out preventive grinding on the steel rail 3 with small grinding amount, so that a good grinding effect can be obtained. If the abrasion of the steel rail 3 is judged to exceed the set range and large-grinding-amount repairability grinding is needed, the cup-shaped grinding wheel is firstly adopted to carry out enveloping grinding of the outline of the steel rail 3, and then the profiling grinding wheel is adopted to carry out grinding operation on the rail surface of the steel rail 3.

If the same rail grinding device 100 is adopted, an enveloping grinding unit 1 (corresponding to a cup-shaped grinding wheel) and a profiling grinding unit 2 (corresponding to a profiling grinding wheel) are arranged, and the device is suspended below the vehicle body 600. When the steel rail 3 is preventively polished by a small grinding amount, the steel rail polishing device 100 is dropped on the steel rail 3, and the enveloping polishing unit 1 is not lowered and is in a stopped state. The second grinding wheel driving mechanism 5 drives the profiling grinding wheel to rotate and press downwards, so that the profiling grinding wheel is in contact with the rail surface of the steel rail 3, and grinding operation is started.

If the enveloping grinding unit 1 is separately installed in one rail grinding device 100, the profiling grinding unit 2 is installed in the other rail grinding device 100. When preventive grinding with a small grinding amount is performed on the rail 3, only the rail grinding apparatus 100 to which the copying grinding unit 2 is attached is dropped on the rail 3, and the rail grinding apparatus 100 to which the cup-shaped grinding unit 1 is attached is not lowered and is in a stopped state. The second grinding wheel driving mechanism 5 drives the profiling grinding wheel to rotate and press downwards, so that the profiling grinding wheel is in contact with the rail surface of the steel rail 3, and grinding operation is started.

When the steel rail 3 is subjected to repair grinding with large grinding amount, the steel rail grinding device 100 is dropped on the steel rail 3, the cup-shaped grinding wheel is driven to rotate through the rotating mechanism, the end face of the cup-shaped grinding wheel is driven to form a set included angle with the top face of the steel rail 3 through the deflection mechanism, the center of the cup-shaped grinding wheel is driven to be close to the rail face of the ground steel rail 3 through the transverse moving mechanism, and the cup-shaped grinding wheel is pressed down on the rail face of the steel rail 3 through the lifting mechanism to carry out grinding operation. Meanwhile, the orbit surface of the steel rail 3 polished in the enveloping mode is subjected to copying grinding through the copying grinding wheel, the copying grinding wheel is driven to rotate through the rotating mechanism, the copying grinding wheel is driven to be close to the orbit surface of the polished steel rail 3 through the traversing mechanism, the copying grinding wheel is pressed down on the orbit surface of the steel rail 3 through the lifting mechanism for grinding, and finally the steel rail polished surface with the polishing contour height coincident with the target contour, the surface being smooth and clean and no bluing phenomenon is obtained.

Example 3

As shown in fig. 31, an embodiment of the composite rail grinding method of the present invention specifically includes the following steps:

s10) carrying out enveloping grinding on the rail surface of the steel rail 3 by using a cup-shaped grinding wheel of the enveloping grinding unit 1;

and S20) performing copying grinding on the rail surface of the steel rail 3 subjected to enveloping grinding by using a copying grinding wheel of the copying grinding unit 2.

In step S10), the envelope grinding unit 1 adjusts to the set lateral position and inclination angle, and grinds the rail surface of the rail 3 through the end surface of the cup grinding wheel, and the envelope of the entire target profile of the rail surface of the one-sided rail 3 is realized through the combination of 1 to 7 cup grinding wheels.

In step S20), the profile grinding unit 2 is adjusted to a set lateral position and grinds the rail surface of the steel rail 3 with the outer circumferential surface of its profile grinding wheel. The rotating working surface of the profiling grinding wheel is vertical to the rail surface of the steel rail 3, and the profiling of the whole target profile of the rail surface of the steel rail 3 on one side is realized through the combination of 1 to 5 profiling grinding wheels.

And processing the grinding working surface of the profiling grinding wheel into all or part of the target profile of the steel rail 3. Or the grinding working surface of the profiling grinding wheel is not processed in advance but adopts a straight surface, and the profiling grinding wheel automatically generates a corresponding cambered surface according to the cambered surface of the steel rail grinding position to be molded by utilizing the grinding self-sharpening property of the profiling grinding wheel in the grinding operation process.

In step S10), the cup wheel can form any angle between 40 ° outward and 75 ° inward with the top surface of the rail 3 by the first wheel driving mechanism 4.

In step S20), the profiling grinding wheel can cover a grinding angle of 40 ° out of the rail surface to 75 ° in the rail surface of the steel rail 3 under the driving of the second grinding wheel driving mechanism 5.

In the step S10), the tangential direction of the contact point of the copying grinding wheel and the steel rail 3 forms 0 degree or a set included angle with the length direction of the steel rail 3.

In the process of grinding operation, when a rail 3 section with obstacles on the inner side of a turnout area or a track is passed, only a copying grinding wheel is adopted for grinding.

The profile of the rail 3 is detected before the grinding operation, the grinding target profile is set after the detection, and if the wear of the rail 3 is determined not to exceed the set range, the rail 3 is preventively ground by a small grinding amount by using a profiling grinding wheel alone. If the abrasion of the steel rail 3 is judged to exceed the set range and the repairing grinding with large grinding amount is needed, the cup-shaped grinding wheel is firstly adopted to carry out the enveloping grinding of the profile of the steel rail 3, and then the profiling grinding wheel is adopted to carry out the grinding operation on the rail surface of the steel rail 3 so as to prevent the profiling grinding wheel from being shaped.

Step S10) further includes: the steel rail polishing device 100 is placed on a steel rail 3, the cup-shaped grinding wheel is driven to rotate through the rotating mechanism, a set included angle is formed between the end face of the cup-shaped grinding wheel and the top face of the steel rail through the deflection mechanism, the center of the cup-shaped grinding wheel is driven to be close to the rail face of the polished steel rail 3 through the transverse moving mechanism, and the cup-shaped grinding wheel is pressed down on the rail face of the steel rail 3 through the lifting mechanism to perform polishing operation.

Step S20) further includes: the orbit surface of the steel rail 3 polished in the enveloping mode is subjected to copying grinding through a copying grinding wheel, the copying grinding wheel is driven to rotate through a rotating mechanism, the copying grinding wheel is driven to be close to the orbit surface of the polished steel rail 3 through a traversing mechanism, the copying grinding wheel is pressed down on the orbit surface of the steel rail 3 through a lifting mechanism to be ground, and finally the steel rail polished surface with the polished contour and the target contour height superposed, the surface being smooth and clean and having no bluing phenomenon is obtained.

Example 4

As shown in fig. 25, 26 and 27, an embodiment of an envelope grinding unit 1 applied to the rail composite grinding method of embodiment 3 specifically includes:

a first grinding motor 105 whose rotation shaft is connected to a first grinding wheel 114;

a first sanding unit housing 102 for mounting a first sanding motor 105;

a first translation mechanism arranged between the first polishing unit frame 102 and the mounting beam at the bottom of the polishing vehicle and used for driving the first polishing motor 105 to realize the translation operation;

a first lifting mechanism arranged between the first grinding unit frame 102 and the first grinding motor 105 and used for driving the first grinding motor 105 to realize lifting and pressing operations, wherein the first lifting mechanism is arranged on the first motor installation back plate 106;

and a first deflection mechanism disposed between the first lifting mechanism and the first grinding unit frame 102 for driving the first grinding motor 105 to implement deflection operation.

The first translation mechanism comprises a first traverse guide post 101, a first traverse guide sleeve 118 and a first traverse driving mechanism 116, and the first polishing unit frame 102 is movably mounted on the first traverse guide post 101 through the first traverse guide sleeve 118. The first traverse driving mechanism 116 has a movable end mounted on the first sanding unit frame 102 and a fixed end mounted on the traverse guide post fixing beam 10. The first sharpening unit holder 102 is moved on the first traverse guide post 101 by the first traverse driving mechanism 116. The mounting beam comprises a transverse guide pillar fixing beam 10 and a transverse guide pillar outer beam 9, one end of the first transverse guide pillar 101 is connected to the transverse guide pillar fixing beam 10, and the other end is connected to the transverse guide pillar outer beam 9.

The first grinding unit frame 102 further comprises two first arm supports 126 which are parallel to each other and are arranged oppositely along the longitudinal direction and adopt a hollow crank arm structure, and a second connecting beam 129 is arranged between the two first arm supports 126. The first arm support 126 includes two first ribs 127 parallel to each other and disposed opposite to each other in the longitudinal direction, and the first traverse guide 118 is connected to the upper portions of the two first ribs 127. The first sharpening unit frame 102 is movably mounted on the first traverse guide pillar 101 through a first traverse guide sleeve 118, and both ends of the first traverse guide sleeve 118 are connected with a first connecting beam 117. The first rib 127 and the first traverse guide 118 are integrally formed by assembling, welding and machining. The front face of the first sanding motor 105 is also provided with a motor junction box 119.

The first deflection mechanism further includes a first deflection driving mechanism 110, a first deflection shaft 111, a first rotation arm 113, and a second rotation arm 115. The first and

second rotation arms

113 and 115 are mounted to a first rotation arm hole 128 at a lower portion of the first grinding unit frame 102 through a first deflection shaft 111. The first yaw drive mechanism 110 has one end mounted to the first sharpening unit frame 102 and the other end mounted to the second rotating arm 115. The fixed end of the first yaw drive mechanism 110 is mounted to the first sharpening unit frame 102 and the movable end is hingedly mounted to the second pivot arm 115. The first deflection driving mechanism 110 can drive the second rotating arm 115 to rotate around the first deflection shaft 111, so as to drive the first grinding motor 105 to rotate around the first deflection shaft 111, thereby realizing deflection of the first grinding wheel 114 relative to the steel rail 3 at different angular positions.

The first lifting mechanism further comprises a first lifting driving mechanism 104, a first lifting guide sleeve 107 and a first lifting guide post 112, the two first lifting guide posts 112 are respectively mounted on a first rotating arm 113 and a second rotating arm 115, and the first grinding motor 105 is mounted on the first motor mounting back plate 106. The first lifting guide sleeve 107 is mounted on the first motor mounting plate 106, and the assembly of the first grinding motor 105 and the first motor mounting plate 106 is movably mounted on the first lifting guide post 112 through the first lifting guide sleeve 107. The upper end of the first lifting guide post 112 is provided with a guide post fixing beam 108, and the first motor mounting back plate 106 is provided with a first lifting driving connecting seat 109. The first elevation driving mechanism 104 has one end mounted on the first elevation driving connection base 109 and the other end mounted on the guide post fixing beam 108. The first elevation driving mechanism 104 has a movable end mounted on the first elevation driving connection base 109 and a fixed end mounted on the guide pillar fixing beam 108 through the elevation driving mounting base 125. The first lifting drive mechanism 104 can drive the first lifting guide sleeve 107 to move on the first lifting guide column 112, so as to drive the first grinding motor 105 to move up and down on the first lifting guide column 112.

One end of the first rotating arm 113 is connected to the first lift guide post 112, and the other end is hinged to a first rotating arm hole 128 at the lower part of the first arm support 126 at one side through the first deflecting shaft 111. The second rotating arm 115 is in a V-shaped structure, and the V-shaped lower part of the second rotating arm 115 is hinged to a first rotating arm hole 128 at the lower part of a first arm support 126 at the other side through a first deflection shaft 111. One end of the upper V-shaped portion of the second rotating arm 115 is connected to the first lift guide post 112 and the other end of the upper V-shaped portion is connected to the movable end of the first yaw driving mechanism 110.

The envelope grinding unit 1 further comprises a first motor locking device 103 arranged at an upper part of the first grinding unit frame 102, and when the first grinding motor 105 is in a high position and is not in a working state, the first motor locking device 103 limits the first grinding motor 105 from falling. The first motor locking device 103 includes a locking mount 120, a locking handle 121, a connecting pin 122, a first locking hook 123, and a locking spring 124. The locking mounting seat 120 is fixed to a side portion of the first arm support 126, one end of the locking handle 121 is inserted into the locking mounting seat 120, and the other end is connected to the first locking hook 123 through the connecting pin 122. The locking spring 124 has one end connected to the locking mount 120 and the other end connected to the connecting pin 122. One end of the first locking hook 123 is fixed to the first arm support 126 in a locking manner, and the other end is connected to the first motor mounting back plate 106.

The first grinding wheel 114 further adopts a cup-type grinding wheel structure, the grinding working surface of the first grinding wheel 114 is an end surface, and the steel rail 3 is ground through the end surface of the first grinding wheel 114. The first lift guide 107 further employs a linear bearing structure. The first elevation driving mechanism 104 further employs an elevation cylinder, the first deflection driving mechanism 110 further employs a deflection cylinder, and the first traverse driving mechanism 116 further employs a traverse cylinder. The envelope grinding unit 1 is capable of grinding at any angle between 75 deg. towards the inside of the rail 3 and 30 deg. towards the outside of the rail 3 for the first grinding motor 105.

Example 5

As shown in fig. 28, 29 and 30, an embodiment of the profiling grinding unit 2 applied to the rail composite grinding method in embodiment 3 specifically includes:

a second grinding motor 205 having a rotation shaft connected to the second grinding wheel 214, and grinding the steel rail 3 through an end surface or an outer circumferential surface of the second grinding wheel 214;

a second grinding unit frame 202 for mounting a second grinding motor 205;

a second translation mechanism arranged between the second polishing unit frame 202 and the translation guide pillar mounting frame at the bottom of the polishing vehicle and used for driving the second polishing motor 205 to realize translation operation;

a second lifting mechanism arranged between the second polishing unit frame 202 and the second polishing motor 205 and used for driving the second polishing motor 205 to realize lifting and pressing operations, wherein the second lifting mechanism is arranged on the second motor installation back plate 206;

a motor swing frame 217 arranged between the second lifting mechanism and the second grinding motor 205, wherein the second grinding motor 205 is arranged on the motor swing frame 217;

the lateral pressing mechanism is arranged between the second motor installation back plate 206 and the motor swing frame 217 and is used for driving the second grinding motor 205 to realize lateral pressing operation;

and a second deflection mechanism disposed between the second lifting mechanism and the second polishing unit frame 202 for driving the second polishing motor 205 to implement deflection operation.

The second deflection mechanism further includes a second deflection driving mechanism 209, a second deflection shaft 210, a third rotation arm 213, and a fourth rotation arm 215. The third pivoting arm 213 and the fourth pivoting arm 215 are mounted to the second pivoting arm hole 231 of the lower portion of the second grinding unit frame 202 through the second deflecting shaft 210. The second yaw driving mechanism 209 has one end mounted on the second sharpening unit frame 202 and the other end mounted on the fourth rotating arm 215. The fixed end of the second yaw driving mechanism 209 is mounted on the second sharpening unit frame 202, and the movable end is hingedly mounted on the fourth rotating arm 215. The second deflection driving mechanism 209 can drive the fourth rotating arm 215 to rotate around the second deflection shaft 210, so as to drive the second grinding motor 205 to rotate around the second deflection shaft 210, thereby realizing the deflection of the second grinding wheel 214 at different angular positions relative to the steel rail 3.

The side pressure mechanism further comprises a side pressure driving mechanism 208, a side pressure driving mounting rack 222 and a side pressure driving connecting seat 224, wherein one end of the side pressure driving mounting rack 222 is connected to the second motor mounting backboard 206, the other end of the side pressure driving mounting rack is hinged to the fixed end of the side pressure driving mechanism 208, and the movable end of the side pressure driving mechanism 208 is connected to the motor swing frame 217. The lateral pressure driving mechanism 208 can drive the second grinding wheel 214 to press on the steel rail 3 or separate from the steel rail 3.

The second lifting mechanism further comprises a second lifting driving mechanism 204, a second lifting guide 207 and a second lifting guide post 212, the two second lifting guide posts 212 are respectively mounted on a third rotating arm 213 and a fourth rotating arm 215, and the second grinding motor 205 is mounted on a second motor mounting back plate 206. The second lift guide 207 is mounted on the second motor mounting back 206, and the assembly of the second grinding motor 205 and the second motor mounting back 206 is movably mounted on the second lift guide post 212 through the second lift guide 207. The upper end of the second elevator guide pillar 212 is provided with a guide pillar upper fixing beam 219, and one end of the elevator driving mechanism 6 is mounted on the guide pillar upper fixing beam 219, and the other end is mounted on the lateral pressure driving mounting bracket 222.

The second lifting driving mechanism 204 has a movable end mounted on the lateral pressure driving mounting bracket 222 and a fixed end mounted on the guide post fixing beam 219 via a lifting driving connecting base 226. The second lifting guide sleeve 207 can be driven to move on the second lifting guide column 212 by the second lifting driving mechanism 204, so that the second grinding motor 205 is driven to move up and down on the second lifting guide column 212. One end of the third rotating arm 213 is connected to the second lift pin 212, and the other end is hinged to the second rotating arm hole 231 at the lower part of the second arm support 229 at one side through the second deflection shaft 210. The middle part of the fourth rotating arm 215 is hinged to a second rotating arm hole 231 at the lower part of a second arm support 229 at the other side through a second deflecting shaft 210, one end of the fourth rotating arm 215 is connected to the second lifting guide post 212, and the other end is hinged to the movable end of the second deflection driving mechanism 209.

The second translation mechanism further comprises a second traverse guide column 201, a second traverse guide sleeve 218 and a second traverse driving mechanism 211, and the second polishing unit frame 202 is movably mounted on the second traverse guide column 201 through the second traverse guide sleeve 218. The movable end of the second traverse driving mechanism 211 is mounted on the second polishing unit frame 202, and the fixed end is mounted on the traverse guide post mounting frame 1. The second traverse driving mechanism 211 can drive the second polishing unit frame 202 to perform a translational motion on the second traverse guide pillar 201. The transverse guide pillar mounting frame comprises a transverse guide pillar outer beam 9 and a transverse guide pillar fixing beam 10, one end of a second transverse guide pillar 201 is connected to the transverse guide pillar outer beam 9, and the other end of the second transverse guide pillar 201 is connected to the transverse guide pillar fixing beam 10.

The second sharpening unit frame 202 further includes two second arm frames 229 which are parallel to each other and are arranged oppositely along the longitudinal direction, and adopt a hollow crank structure, and a fourth connecting beam 227 is connected between the two second arm frames 229. The second arm 229 includes two second ribs 230 parallel to each other and disposed opposite to each other in a longitudinal direction, the second traverse guide 218 is connected to upper portions of the two second ribs 230, and both ends of the second traverse guide 218 are connected to third connecting beams 223. The second rib plates 230 and the second traverse guide 218 are integrally formed by assembling, welding and machining.

The second grinding wheel 214 further adopts a disc type grinding wheel or a profile grinding wheel structure, and the second grinding motor 205 further adopts a horizontal mounting structure. When the second grinding wheel 214 adopts a disc wheel structure, the working surface of the second grinding wheel 214 is an end surface. When the second grinding wheel 214 adopts a copying wheel structure, the working surface of the second grinding wheel 214 is an outer circumferential surface. The second grinding wheel 214 is further connected to a second grinding motor 205 through a belt transmission mechanism 216, the belt transmission mechanism 216 is connected to the second grinding wheel 214 through a transmission case 225, and the second grinding motor 205 is installed in a direction perpendicular to the rotation working surface of the second grinding wheel 214. The second lifting driving mechanism 204 further adopts a lifting oil cylinder, the second lifting guide sleeve 207 further adopts a linear bearing, the lateral pressure driving mechanism 208 further adopts a lateral pressure air cylinder, the second deflection driving mechanism 209 further adopts a deflection oil cylinder, and the second transverse moving driving mechanism 211 further adopts a transverse moving electric cylinder.

When the second grinding wheel 214 is ground using a butterfly wheel, the profile grinding unit 2 can perform grinding at any angle between 40 ° deflection toward the inside of the steel rail 3 and 90 ° deflection toward the inside of the steel rail 3 by the second grinding motor 205. When the second grinding wheel 214 is ground by using the copying wheel, the copying grinding unit 2 can perform grinding at any angle between 45 ° deflection toward the inner side of the steel rail 3 and 20 ° deflection toward the outer side of the steel rail 3 by the second grinding motor 205.

The profile grinding unit 2 further comprises a second motor locking device 203 arranged on the upper portion of the second grinding unit frame 202, and when the second grinding motor 205 is in a high position and is not in a working state, the second motor locking device 203 limits the second grinding motor 205 not to fall. The second motor locking device 203 further includes a motor swing frame mounting seat 220, a rotation shaft 221, and a second locking hook 228. The motor swing frame 217 is hinged to the second motor mounting back plate 206 through a rotating shaft 221, and the motor swing frame mounting base 220 is connected to the motor swing frame 217 through the rotating shaft 221. The motor swing frame mount 220 is secured to the guide post upper anchor beam 219 by a second lock hook 228.

It should be noted that the configuration of the profiling grinding unit 2 according to the present embodiment is the best technical solution, and the object of the invention according to embodiments 1 to 3 can be achieved by omitting the deflecting mechanism and the side pressing mechanism in the present embodiment. However, by the deflection mechanism in cooperation with the traverse mechanism, the copying polishing unit 2 can achieve an optimum polishing position of the second polishing wheel 214 with respect to the rail 3, and achieve higher-quality polishing of the rail 3. The pressure perpendicular to the end face can be applied to the second grinding wheel 214 through the lateral pressure mechanism, and the second grinding wheel 214 can be controlled to perform the operation actions of laterally pressing the steel rail 3 or separating from the steel rail 3 in the guard rail and a basic small space range, so that the safety, stability and reliability of the profiling grinding unit 2 in the turnout grinding process can be ensured, and the steel rail grinding device 100 can safely and effectively pass through the turnout area. By implementing the technical scheme of the steel rail composite grinding method described in the specific embodiment of the invention, the following technical effects can be achieved:

(1) According to the steel rail composite grinding method described in the specific embodiment of the invention, the enveloping grinding and profiling grinding are combined, so that the advantages of two grinding modes can be fully utilized, the respective defects and shortcomings are overcome, the applicability and the universality of the grinding device are greatly enhanced, and the grinding of the steel rails in various railway environments can be realized through different combination modes;

(2) According to the steel rail composite grinding method described in the specific embodiment of the invention, when preventive grinding with small grinding amount is carried out, only the profiling grinding unit can be used for operation, so that excessive grinding is avoided; when turnout grinding is carried out or a line section with a barrier on the inner side of a steel rail is ground, only a profile grinding unit can be used for operation without skipping the areas, and the operation passing performance is good;

(3) According to the steel rail composite grinding method described in the specific embodiment of the invention, when repairing grinding with large grinding quantity is carried out, the enveloping grinding unit can be used for operation firstly, and then the profiling grinding unit is used for fine grinding, so that the grinding operation efficiency is improved; when the deformation of the steel rail is large (such as the existence of diseases such as fat edge and the like), the enveloping grinding unit can be used for operation firstly, and then the profiling grinding unit can be used for operation, so that the profiling grinding wheel can be prevented from being molded;

(4) The steel rail composite grinding method described in the specific embodiment of the invention combines envelope grinding and profile grinding, and the envelope grinding is carried out before the profile grinding, so that the steel rail composite grinding method has the advantages of simple structure, less grinding heads and wide grinding angle range, and can finally obtain a steel rail grinding surface with a grinding profile which is highly coincident with a target profile, and the surface is smooth and clean without bluing phenomenon.

In the present specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention in any manner. Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not intended to be limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make many variations and modifications to the disclosed embodiments, or equivalent variations, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, using the methods and techniques disclosed above. Therefore, any simple modification, equivalent replacement, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite grinding method for a steel rail is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s10) enveloping and polishing the rail surface of the steel rail (3) by using a cup-shaped grinding wheel enveloping and polishing unit (1);

s20) carrying out copying grinding on the rail surface of the steel rail (3) subjected to enveloping grinding by using a copying grinding wheel of the copying grinding unit (2);

before the grinding operation, firstly carrying out profile detection on the steel rail (3), setting the grinding target profile after the profile detection, and if the abrasion of the steel rail (3) is judged not to exceed the set range, carrying out preventive grinding on the steel rail (3) by using a profiling grinding wheel alone with small grinding amount; if the abrasion of the steel rail (3) is judged to exceed the set range and repair grinding with large grinding amount is needed, the cup-shaped grinding wheel is firstly adopted to carry out enveloping grinding of the outline of the steel rail (3), and then the profiling grinding wheel is adopted to carry out grinding operation on the rail surface of the steel rail (3) so as to avoid the profiling of the profiling grinding wheel.

2. A composite rail grinding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S10), the envelope grinding unit (1) adjusts to a set transverse position and a set inclination angle, grinds the rail surface of the steel rail (3) through the end surface of a cup-shaped grinding wheel of the envelope grinding unit, and realizes the envelope of the whole target profile of the rail surface of the single-side steel rail (3) through the combination of 1 to 7 cup-shaped grinding wheels.

3. A composite rail grinding method as claimed in claim 2, wherein: in the step S10), the cup-shaped grinding wheel can form any included angle between 40 degrees outwards and 75 degrees inwards with the top surface of the steel rail (3) under the driving of the first grinding wheel driving mechanism (4).

4. A composite grinding method for steel rails according to claim 3, characterized in that the first grinding wheel driving mechanism (4) comprises a first rotating mechanism, a first deflecting mechanism, a first traversing mechanism and a first lifting mechanism; the step S10) further includes:

the steel rail grinding device (100) is placed on a steel rail (3), the cup-shaped grinding wheel is driven to rotate through the first rotating mechanism, a set included angle is formed between the end face of the cup-shaped grinding wheel and the top face of the steel rail through the first deflection mechanism, the center of the cup-shaped grinding wheel is driven to be close to the rail face of the ground steel rail (3) through the first transverse moving mechanism, and the cup-shaped grinding wheel is pressed down on the rail face of the steel rail (3) through the first lifting mechanism to carry out grinding operation.

5. A composite grinding method for steel rails according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: in the step S20), the profile grinding unit (2) is adjusted to a set transverse position and grinds the rail surface of the steel rail (3) through the outer circumference surface of the profile grinding wheel; the rotating working surface of the profiling grinding wheel is perpendicular to the rail surface of the steel rail (3), and the profiling of the whole target profile of the rail surface of the single-side steel rail (3) is realized through the combination of 1 to 5 profiling grinding wheels.

6. A composite rail grinding method according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step S20), the profiling grinding wheel can cover a grinding angle of 40-75 degrees outwards to 75-degrees inwards of the rail surface of the steel rail (3) under the driving of the second grinding wheel driving mechanism (5).

7. The composite grinding method for the steel rail according to the claim 6, characterized in that the second grinding wheel driving mechanism (5) comprises a second rotating mechanism, a second transverse moving mechanism and a second lifting mechanism; the step S20) further includes:

the rail surface of the steel rail (3) polished in an enveloping mode is subjected to copying grinding through the copying grinding wheel, the copying grinding wheel is driven to rotate through the second rotating mechanism, the copying grinding wheel is driven to be close to the rail surface of the polished steel rail (3) through the second transverse moving mechanism, the copying grinding wheel is pressed down on the rail surface of the steel rail (3) through the second lifting mechanism to be ground, and finally the steel rail polished surface with the polished contour, the target contour, the smooth surface and the non-bluing phenomenon are obtained.

8. A composite rail grinding method as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 or 7, wherein: in the process of grinding operation, when a rail (3) section with obstacles on the inner side of a turnout area or a track is passed, only a profiling grinding wheel is adopted to grind.

9. A composite rail grinding method according to claim 8, characterized in that: in the step S10), the tangential direction of the contact point of the copying grinding wheel and the steel rail (3) and the length direction of the steel rail (3) form an included angle of 0 degree or a set included angle.

10. A composite rail grinding method as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 or 9, in which: and processing the grinding working surface of the profiling grinding wheel into the whole or partial target profile of the steel rail (3).