CN111545530A - Oil refining device shutdown oil removal cleaning method - Google Patents
Oil refining device shutdown oil removal cleaning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111545530A CN111545530A CN202010407215.0A CN202010407215A CN111545530A CN 111545530 A CN111545530 A CN 111545530A CN 202010407215 A CN202010407215 A CN 202010407215A CN 111545530 A CN111545530 A CN 111545530A
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- oil
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- cleaned
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
- B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
- B08B9/032—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
- B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
- B08B9/032—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing
- B08B9/0321—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing using pressurised, pulsating or purging fluid
- B08B9/0325—Control mechanisms therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/02—Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
- B08B9/027—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
- B08B9/032—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing
- B08B9/0321—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing using pressurised, pulsating or purging fluid
- B08B9/0328—Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages by the mechanical action of a moving fluid, e.g. by flushing using pressurised, pulsating or purging fluid by purging the pipe with a gas or a mixture of gas and liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B2230/00—Other cleaning aspects applicable to all B08B range
- B08B2230/01—Cleaning with steam
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cleaning an oil refining device during shutdown and oil removal, which comprises the following steps: isolating equipment outside a system to be cleaned of the oil refining device; introducing diesel oil into a system to be cleaned, starting a crude oil pump to perform diesel oil replacement cleaning, changing to closed cycle cleaning after the replacement cleaning is finished, and injecting a cleaning agent into the system to be cleaned; and (5) after the closed cycle cleaning is finished, removing the oil, and performing steam purging on the system. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the oil refining device shutdown oil removal cleaning method can achieve the purpose of removing heavy oil dirt, cleans all equipment such as heat exchangers, pipelines, towers and the like on a line, and has short cleaning time and good energy-saving effect. The cleaning waste liquid can be sent back to the device and be remilled, and no other waste water, waste liquid produce, can shorten the repair time of heat exchanger, have alleviateed operating personnel's burden, and the security performance is high. Viscous heavy oil in the system can be dissolved, the steam sweeping time is shortened, steam is saved, and the economic effect is obvious.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petrochemical industry, in particular to a method for cleaning an oil refining device during shutdown and oil removal, which has short cleaning time and good energy-saving effect.
Background
After the oil refining device runs for a long period, a large amount of oil sludge, oil slurry, residual oil, catalyst dust, FeS and H can be deposited on the surfaces of equipment such as a tower, a heat exchanger, a container, a pipeline and the like2S and other toxic and harmful odorous substances can give out stink when the device is stopped to purge and overhaul and open equipment, and can generate spontaneous combustion of ferrous sulfide sometimes, namely, the existence of dirt not only easily causes safety accidents and equipment accidents, but also leaves hidden dangers for subsequent production and site safety construction, so that the device is cleaned regularly. At present, a single device is cleaned more, but research reports about system cleaning are less.
The current common cleaning method of the oil refining device is a steam purging method, the steam purging method has low cost and no corrosion effect on equipment, but has longer cleaning time and poorer effect. The oil cleaning procedure before the shutdown of the traditional oil refining device can only clean light components, heavy oil dirt and the like can not be removed, oil sludge, residual oil and coke in the system can not be cleaned, a core is required to be taken out for physical mechanical cleaning, the maintenance time is greatly increased, more personnel are required, resources are wasted by blowing and sweeping, the environment is greatly damaged, and more companies do not adopt the traditional shutdown mode.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for cleaning an oil refining device to remove oil during shutdown, which is energy-saving, environment-friendly, low in cost, pollution-free and good in cleaning effect.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a shutdown oil removal cleaning method for an oil refining device comprises the following steps:
(1) isolating equipment outside a system to be cleaned of the oil refining device;
(2) introducing diesel oil into a system to be cleaned, starting a crude oil pump to perform diesel oil replacement cleaning, changing to closed cycle cleaning after the replacement cleaning is finished, and injecting a cleaning agent into the system to be cleaned;
(3) and (5) after the closed cycle cleaning is finished, removing the oil, and performing steam purging on the system.
The method for cleaning the oil refining device during shutdown and oil removal uses diesel oil as a cleaning solvent, and utilizes the existing device (such as a heating furnace, a steam heater, a heat exchanger, a pump, a tank, a tower and other circulating systems) to clean a heat exchanger, a pipeline, a tower, a tank and the like of a heavy oil system on line. The cleaning liquid is wholly circulated in the equipment at a certain temperature according to the production flow of the device. After super washing, the washing liquid can be sent to the device after mixing with crude oil and is carried out the recycle, is favorable to safe environmental protection, and 70% of heat exchange oil dirt will be retrieved as product oil, and the time of returning oil is short, can shorten maintenance time, reduces maintenance cost. The method is suitable for cleaning heavy oil with high viscosity which is difficult to be treated in a traditional steam blowing mode in vessels, pipelines and cold exchange equipment remained in devices such as atmospheric and vacuum pressure devices, catalysis devices, coking devices and the like in an oil refining device.
As a preferred embodiment, in the step (1), the equipment outside the system to be cleaned of the oil refining device is isolated by closing a valve or additionally installing a blind plate.
Preferably, in the step (2), when the density value of the diesel oil at the system cleaning outlet is different from that of the diesel oil at the system inlet to be cleaned by less than 3%, the replacement cleaning is finished.
After the device stops working and returns materials, the oil in the system is returned to be clean as much as possible so as to ensure the cleaning effect. And after the oil is determined to be completely removed, introducing diesel oil into the system, establishing a diesel oil cleaning route, and closing a valve or additionally installing a blind plate to cut off equipment outside the system to be cleaned of the oil refining device. Sampling and analyzing the density difference between the diesel oil led into the system port to be cleaned and the diesel oil at the cleaning outlet of the system to detect the displacement degree of the diesel oil of the cleaning system, and when the density difference of the diesel oil at two positions is within 3 percent (simultaneously referring to the two diesel oil colorimetries), the diesel oil is qualified for displacement, ending the displacement process and converting into a circulating cleaning process.
Preferably, in the step (2), the temperature of the closed-loop circulation cleaning is 100-120 ℃, and the circulation cleaning time at the temperature is 10-12 h.
In order to ensure that the temperature of the closed cycle cleaning is 100-120 ℃, the cooling water inlet of a cooler of the system needs to be closed, and the heat source of the cycle diesel oil is provided by a heating furnace or an oil slurry heater in the cleaning process, and steam is introduced into the oil slurry heater, so that the temperature of the cycle diesel oil is kept at 100-120 ℃. The circulation of the diesel can be realized by a tower bottom pump and a system circulating pump; during cleaning, the flow rates of the tower bottom pump and the system circulating pump are adjusted to the maximum as possible.
Preferably, in the step (2), the injection amount of the cleaning agent is 2% -3% of the total amount of the diesel oil in the closed circulation system.
Preferably, in the step (2), the cleaning agent is injected at a pipeline valve; more preferably, the injection point of the cleaning agent is the medium diesel oil temperature which is less than 70 ℃.
When the cleaning agent is injected, the cleaning agent is slowly and uniformly injected, and in the cleaning cycle process, the cleaning agent permeates into viscous oil dirt to soften the viscous oil dirt, the softened oil dirt is dissolved into the cleaning diesel oil, the color of the cleaning carrier diesel oil gradually becomes black, and the system is gradually cleaned.
Preferably, in the step (2), the cleaning agent comprises the following raw materials: heat conducting oil, limonene, light cycle oil and a high-boiling-point aromatic hydrocarbon solvent; preferably, the cleaning agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-15% of heat conduction oil, 5-10% of limonene, 20-25% of light cycle oil and the balance of a high-boiling-point aromatic hydrocarbon solvent. Preferably, the high boiling point aromatic hydrocarbon solvent is an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent with a boiling point of 220 ℃ to 280 ℃.
The heat conducting oil is also called heat conducting oil, has the performances of thermal cracking resistance and chemical oxidation resistance, and has good heat conducting efficiency, fast heat dissipation and good thermal stability.
Limonene is called limonene, monoterpene compound, colorless oily liquid, has fragrance similar to lemon, and can be used as raw material for preparing artificial orange flower, sweet flower, lemon and bergamot oil.
The light cycle oil is base oil of diesel oil, can be processed into the diesel oil through hydrodesulfurization and the like, and is mainly used for large-scale machinery, mines, ships and firewood and the like.
The high boiling point aromatic solvent is produced by cutting a heavy aromatic fraction of carbon nine or more which is a byproduct of a reforming device, has the characteristics of strong dissolving power, low toxicity, small smell, high boiling point, slow volatilization, no water or olefin, no chlorine or heavy metal, stable physical and chemical properties, good leveling property and the like, has excellent dissolving performance, and particularly can exert high dissolving power at the later stage of evaporation, so that a coating film has good flatness, no orange peel and good gloss. In addition, the product can be used as a cleaning agent for precision machinery and an emulsifier for blending pesticides.
Preferably, in the step (3), the diesel oil L value in the system is detected, and when the diesel oil L value is stable, the closed cycle cleaning is finished.
Preferably, the method for detecting the L value of the diesel oil in the system comprises the following steps: and collecting diesel oil in the system at the same sampling point every 1.5-2.5 h.
In the cleaning process, diesel oil in the system is collected at the same sampling point every 1.5-2.5 hours, the brightness value (L value) of the diesel oil is detected, the collected diesel oil is dropped on filter paper, and the L value of the change of the filter paper is analyzed by a color difference meter. Generally, the L value of diesel entering the system at the initial stage of construction is about 90.0, the L value of the filter paper gradually decreases with the progress of the cleaning time, and becomes stable when the L value is about 70.0, and the cleaning cycle can be stopped when the L value is stable.
The surface and the inside of the system cleaned by the method are clean, high-pressure water cleaning is not needed, cooling water of a cooler can be started after cleaning is finished so that the cleaned diesel oil and the oil dirt can be rapidly cooled, and the cleaned diesel oil and the oil dirt can be timely discharged to unqualified oil tanks by using an oil return oil line of the device after being cooled.
In order to ensure that the heavy oil dirt and diesel oil medium are discharged completely, steam purging is carried out on the system immediately after oil withdrawal is finished.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the oil refining device shutdown oil removal cleaning method can achieve the purpose of removing heavy oil dirt, clean all equipment such as heat exchangers, pipelines, towers and the like on a line, and has short cleaning time and good energy-saving effect. The cleaning waste liquid can be sent back to the device and be remilled, and no other waste water, waste liquid produce, can shorten the repair time of heat exchanger, have alleviateed operating personnel's burden, and the security performance is high.
By adopting the oil refining device shutdown oil removal cleaning method, viscous heavy oil in the system can be dissolved, the steam purging time can be shortened, a large amount of steam is saved, and the economic effect is remarkable. The cleaning device adopting the oil removing cleaning method can also avoid the damage to equipment caused by repeated pressure building due to steam purging, thereby improving the safety performance of the equipment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely a few embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A shutdown oil removal cleaning method for an oil refining device comprises the following steps: cutting off equipment outside a system to be cleaned of the oil refining device by closing a valve, conveying diesel oil into the oil refining device, and starting a crude oil pump to perform diesel oil replacement cleaning;
this example cleaning is expected to use 2300 tons of diesel fuel, wherein: 500 tons of diesel oil are thrown outside the displacement, and 1800 tons of circulating diesel oil are thrown.
The diesel oil passes through the crude oil pump downstream to form heavy oil dirt in the diesel oil replacement device for open-circuit circulation, and in the diesel oil replacement process, the heat exchanger secondary line, the regulating valve secondary line and the tower bottom standby pump (the crude oil pump, the primary distillation tower bottom pump, the normal pressure tower bottom pump and the vacuum tower bottom pump) are switched, and the normal pressure heating furnace is switched.
When the density value difference between the diesel oil at the cleaning outlet of the system and the diesel oil at the inlet of the system to be cleaned is less than 3%, the replacement and cleaning are finished, and if the density value difference is not qualified through detection, namely the density value difference is more than or equal to 3%, the replacement and cleaning time is continuously prolonged.
After the replacement and cleaning are finished, closed-loop circulation cleaning is carried out, cleaning agent is injected into a pipeline valve, the injection amount of the cleaning agent is 2% of the total amount of diesel oil in the closed-loop circulation system, the medium diesel oil temperature of the injection point of the cleaning agent is less than 70 ℃, the cleaning temperature of the closed-loop circulation is controlled to be 100 ℃, and the circulation cleaning time at the temperature is 12 hours.
And collecting diesel oil in the system at the same sampling point every 1.5h, detecting the L value of the diesel oil in the system, returning oil after the closed cycle cleaning is finished when the L value of the diesel oil is stable, and performing steam purging on the system.
The cleaning agent used in the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10% of heat conduction oil, 5% of limonene, 20% of light cycle oil and the balance of a high boiling point aromatic hydrocarbon solvent with a boiling point of 220 ℃.
Example 2
A shutdown oil removal cleaning method for an oil refining device comprises the following steps: cutting off equipment outside a system to be cleaned of the oil refining device by closing a valve, conveying diesel oil into the oil refining device, and starting a crude oil pump to perform diesel oil replacement cleaning;
this example cleaning is expected to use 2500 tons of diesel fuel, where: 600 tons of displacement external throwing diesel oil and 1900 tons of cycle diesel oil.
The diesel oil passes through the crude oil pump downstream to form heavy oil dirt in the diesel oil replacement device for open-circuit circulation, and in the diesel oil replacement process, the heat exchanger secondary line, the regulating valve secondary line and the tower bottom standby pump (the crude oil pump, the primary distillation tower bottom pump, the normal pressure tower bottom pump and the vacuum tower bottom pump) are switched, and the normal pressure heating furnace is switched.
When the density value difference between the diesel oil at the cleaning outlet of the system and the diesel oil at the inlet of the system to be cleaned is less than 3%, the replacement and cleaning are finished, and if the density value difference is not qualified through detection, namely the density value difference is more than or equal to 3%, the replacement and cleaning time is continuously prolonged.
After the replacement and cleaning are finished, closed-loop circulation cleaning is carried out, cleaning agent is injected into a pipeline valve, the injection amount of the cleaning agent is 2% of the total amount of diesel oil in the closed-loop circulation system, the medium diesel oil temperature of the injection point of the cleaning agent is less than 70 ℃, the cleaning temperature of the closed-loop circulation is controlled to be 110 ℃, and the circulation cleaning time at the temperature is 11 hours.
And (4) collecting the diesel oil in the system at the same sampling point every 2h, detecting the L value of the diesel oil in the system, returning the oil after the closed cycle cleaning is finished when the L value of the diesel oil is stable, and performing steam purging on the system.
The cleaning agent used in the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 12% of heat conduction oil, 7% of limonene, 22% of light cycle oil and the balance of a high-boiling-point aromatic solvent with a boiling point of 250 ℃.
Example 3
A shutdown oil removal cleaning method for an oil refining device comprises the following steps: cutting off equipment outside a system to be cleaned of the oil refining device by closing a valve, conveying diesel oil into the oil refining device, and starting a crude oil pump to perform diesel oil replacement cleaning;
this example cleaning is expected to use 2600 tons of diesel fuel, where: 700 tons of displacement external throwing diesel oil and 1900 tons of cycle diesel oil.
The diesel oil passes through the crude oil pump downstream to form heavy oil dirt in the diesel oil replacement device for open-circuit circulation, and in the diesel oil replacement process, the heat exchanger secondary line, the regulating valve secondary line and the tower bottom standby pump (the crude oil pump, the primary distillation tower bottom pump, the normal pressure tower bottom pump and the vacuum tower bottom pump) are switched, and the normal pressure heating furnace is switched.
When the density value difference between the diesel oil at the cleaning outlet of the system and the diesel oil at the inlet of the system to be cleaned is less than 3%, the replacement and cleaning are finished, and if the density value difference is not qualified through detection, namely the density value difference is more than or equal to 3%, the replacement and cleaning time is continuously prolonged.
After the replacement and cleaning are finished, closed-loop circulation cleaning is carried out, cleaning agent is injected into a pipeline valve, the injection amount of the cleaning agent is 3% of the total amount of diesel oil in the closed-loop circulation system, the medium diesel oil temperature of the injection point of the cleaning agent is less than 70 ℃, the cleaning temperature of the closed-loop circulation is controlled to be 120 ℃, and the circulation cleaning time at the temperature is 12 hours.
And collecting the diesel oil in the system at the same sampling point every 2.5 hours, detecting the L value of the diesel oil in the system, returning the oil after the closed cycle cleaning is finished when the L value of the diesel oil is stable, and performing steam purging on the system.
The cleaning agent used in the embodiment comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of heat conduction oil, 10% of limonene, 25% of light cycle oil and the balance of a high boiling point aromatic solvent with a boiling point of 280 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The method for cleaning the oil refining device in the comparative example 1 is stopped to remove oil, the temperature of closed cycle cleaning is 80 ℃, and the rest process conditions are the same as those in the example 2.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 the oil refining apparatus was shut down and degreased at 160 c for closed cycle cleaning, and the remaining process conditions were the same as in example 2.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 the method for cleaning an oil refining apparatus with out-of-service degreasing and cleaning, the difference between the density values of the diesel oil at the cleaning outlet of the system and the density value of the diesel oil introduced into the system port to be cleaned is 5%.
The cleaning effect studies of the oil refining apparatus shutdown degreasing cleaning method of the present invention in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 show that the results are shown in table 1: (Using the cleaning methods of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3, after cleaning, the cleaned heat exchanger was opened, the heat exchanger was taken out for bundle inspection, and the inspection results are shown in Table 1)
Table 1 cleaning effect detecting table
| Item | Cleaning effect |
| Example 1 | The inner and outer surfaces of the heat exchanger pipe are clean, have no obvious sludge and no peculiar smell |
| Example 2 | The inner and outer surfaces of the heat exchanger pipe are clean, have no obvious sludge and no peculiar smell |
| Example 3 | The inner and outer surfaces of the heat exchanger pipe are clean, have no obvious sludge and no peculiar smell |
| Comparative example 1 | The inner and outer surfaces of the heat exchanger pipe have obvious sludge without peculiar smell |
| Comparative example 2 | The inner and outer surfaces of the heat exchanger pipe have obvious sludge without peculiar smell |
| Comparative example 3 | The inner and outer surfaces of the heat exchanger pipe have obvious sludge without peculiar smell |
The present invention is not limited to the above-described preferred embodiments, and various other forms of the product can be obtained by anyone who has come within the teachings of the present invention, but any variation in the details thereof, which is the same as or similar to the present application, falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The shutdown oil removal cleaning method for the oil refining device is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) isolating equipment outside a system to be cleaned of the oil refining device;
(2) introducing diesel oil into a system to be cleaned, starting a crude oil pump to perform diesel oil replacement cleaning, changing to closed cycle cleaning after the replacement cleaning is finished, and injecting a cleaning agent into the system to be cleaned;
(3) and (5) after the closed cycle cleaning is finished, removing the oil, and performing steam purging on the system.
2. The shutdown degreasing cleaning method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the equipment outside the system to be cleaned of the oil refining device is isolated by closing a valve or adding a blind plate.
3. The shutdown degreasing cleaning method of claim 1, wherein in the step (2), when the density value of the diesel oil at the outlet of the system cleaning is different from that of the diesel oil at the inlet of the system to be cleaned by less than 3%, the replacement cleaning is completed.
4. The shutdown degreasing cleaning method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the temperature of the closed cycle cleaning is 100-120 ℃, and the time of the closed cycle cleaning at the temperature is 10-12 h.
5. The shutdown degreasing cleaning method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the injection amount of the cleaning agent is 2% -3% of the total amount of diesel oil in the closed cycle system.
6. The shutdown degreasing cleaning method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the cleaning agent is injected at a pipeline valve; more preferably, the injection point of the cleaning agent is the medium diesel oil temperature which is less than 70 ℃.
7. The shutdown degreasing cleaning method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the cleaning agent comprises the following raw materials: heat conducting oil, limonene, light cycle oil and a high-boiling-point aromatic hydrocarbon solvent; preferably, the cleaning agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-15% of heat conduction oil, 5-10% of limonene, 20-25% of light cycle oil and the balance of a high-boiling-point aromatic hydrocarbon solvent.
8. The method for shutdown and oil removal cleaning according to claim 1, wherein the high boiling point aromatic solvent is an aromatic solvent with a boiling point of 220 ℃ to 280 ℃.
9. The shutdown degreasing cleaning method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the L value of the diesel oil in the system is detected, and when the L value of the diesel oil is stable, the closed cycle cleaning is completed.
10. The shutdown degreasing cleaning method of claim 9, wherein the method for detecting the L value of diesel oil in the system comprises: and collecting diesel oil in the system at the same sampling point every 1.5-2.5 h.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112393637A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-02-23 | 洛阳瑞泽石化工程有限公司 | Online cleaning method for vacuum tower bottom heat exchanger of residual oil hydrocracking device |
| CN113414197A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-21 | 克拉玛依市先能科创重油开发有限公司 | Treatment method for removing ethylene cracking tar |
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| CN113414197A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-21 | 克拉玛依市先能科创重油开发有限公司 | Treatment method for removing ethylene cracking tar |
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Application publication date: 20200818 |
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