CN216808705U - Efficient integrated top circulating oil dechlorination system - Google Patents
Efficient integrated top circulating oil dechlorination system Download PDFInfo
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- CN216808705U CN216808705U CN202220325584.XU CN202220325584U CN216808705U CN 216808705 U CN216808705 U CN 216808705U CN 202220325584 U CN202220325584 U CN 202220325584U CN 216808705 U CN216808705 U CN 216808705U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a high-efficiency integrated top circulating oil dechlorination system, which comprises a fractionating tower top circulating mechanism, a dechlorination mechanism and a fractionating tower top condensing mechanism, wherein the top circulating mechanism is arranged on the top of a fractionating tower; the fractionating tower top circulating mechanism comprises a fractionating tower, a tower top circulating pump and a heat exchanger; the upper tray of the fractionating tower is in conduction connection with an inlet of a tower top circulating pump through a pipeline, an outlet of the tower top circulating pump is in conduction connection with a refrigerant inlet of a heat exchanger through a pipeline, and a heat medium outlet of the heat exchanger is in conduction connection with the top of the fractionating tower through a circulating pipe; the system has small occupied area of equipment, online use and lower cost, can remove chloride ions without stopping work, causing device fluctuation, influencing product quality and increasing the production cost of the device, and reduces the corrosion of the equipment; the system can remove chloride ions up to 85 percent, effectively prevents salt deposition of relevant equipment and pipelines of the top circulation system, greatly reduces the corrosion rate of the equipment and the pipelines, and can ensure long-term stable operation of the device.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a dechlorination system, in particular to a high-efficiency integrated top circulating oil dechlorination system.
Background
Along with the deterioration of crude oil, the proportion of high-sulfur, high-acid and high-nitrogen heavy crude oil processed by an oil refinery is higher and higher, so that salt formation of an atmospheric and vacuum unit is more serious, and salt formation of a secondary processing unit such as catalytic cracking, coking and the like is more and more prominent.
For example: the salt deposition phenomenon is generated at the top of the atmospheric and vacuum distillation tower and a condensation cooling system thereof, ammonia water, crude oil and additives added in the ammonia water and the crude oil injected at the top of the atmospheric tower are main sources of salt deposition component nitrogen sources of the atmospheric tower, and the salt deposition component chlorine source is mainly derived from the hydrolysis or thermal decomposition of inorganic chloride and organic chloride. Due to NH4 +And Cl-Simultaneously exist in the atmospheric tower, and generate NH at the top of the tower4Crystallizing Cl, and gradually depositing to form salt; in the catalytic device, normal pressure heavy oil is heated and then flows to the nozzle at the lower part of the riser reactor, and is atomized and dispersed into particles with the particle size similar to that of the catalyst by steam, and the particles enter the riser, contact with the high-temperature catalyst from the regenerator in the riser, and are vaporized immediately for reaction. The organic chlorine carried in the heavy oil is decomposed at high temperature to generate HCl, and the organic sulfide is decomposed at high temperature to H2Pyrolysis of S, R-SH, etc. organic nitrogen to form NH3Etc. NH3Reaction with HCl to form NH4Cl, these substances and inorganic salts which can not be completely removed by normal-pressure and reduced-pressure electric desalting enter a fractionating tower along with reaction oil gas to form' HCl-H2S-H2O' corrosion system, NH formed on the other hand4Condensing Cl into NH at the top of low-temperature fractionating tower4Cl particles, form salt deposits on the surface of the equipment. Resulting in cooling of the fractionating tower and the tower topCorrosion and salt deposition of the coagulation system, resulting in damage to the tray, corrosion of the column wall and the pipeline, leakage of the heat exchanger, damage to the pump, etc., leading to potential safety hazards and production fluctuations. The main reason is that the contained chloride ions are the main cause of the corrosion of the whole salt. Therefore, the chlorine ions in the tower top oil need to be removed by a certain method, so that the aims of eliminating salt deposition and improving the stability of the device are fulfilled.
At present, the following measures are mainly adopted:
(1) changing the Tower Top Environment
Adding alkaline substance to maintain alkaline environment in the tower.
(2) Adding salt formation inhibitor
And a salt deposition inhibitor is continuously added into an inlet of the top circulating pump to prevent salts such as NH4Cl and the like from accumulating in the tower, so that the aim of preventing salt deposition in the tower is fulfilled.
(3) Improve the process conditions
Reducing the partial pressure of steam in the top cycle to reduce steam condensation, i.e., reduce the amount of condensed water to reduce corrosion of H2S-HCL-NH3-H2O and the formation of crystalline salts, depending on the nature of the feedstock and the operating conditions; the temperature at the top of the tower is increased to prevent NH4Cl from desublimation and aggregation;
(4) on-line water washing
Fresh water or demineralized water is injected into the tower top to clean salts coalesced on the tower tray, flushing water is pumped out by a middle-section pump, and the salt-forming section tower tray is continuously flushed by hot water in such a way to solve the problem of salt formation of the tower tray.
(5) Upgrading of equipment materials
The equipment material is upgraded, such as heat exchange tubes, pumps, pipelines and the like, and is changed into a more corrosion-resistant material, and the pipelines and the like are locally reinforced to increase the corrosion resistance.
The implementation of the measures reduces or slows down the salt deposition on the tower top to a certain extent. However, it can be seen that sodium hydroxide is generally added to change the acidic environment at the top of the tower, and although the acidity can be reduced, sodium ions are introduced, and can cause catalyst poisoning, which is extremely disadvantageous to subsequent processing devices; the salt deposition inhibitor has higher cost and increases investment; the improvement of the process conditions is realized by increasing the temperature at the top of the tower, reducing the steam amount and the like, but the improvement of the process conditions is limited by a plurality of factors, and the operation flexibility is not large; when the fractionating tower is washed by water on line, the production is reduced, and part of light sump oil is generated, so that the corrosion of top circulation pipelines and equipment is accelerated; the upgrading of equipment materials is only slowed down in corrosion speed, the problem is not solved from the corrosion source, and the equipment investment cost is increased to a great extent. The above measures only temporarily alleviate the salt deposition on the top of the tower, so that the method is not the basis for solving the problem.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to provide a high-efficiency integrated top circulating oil dechlorination system, which solves the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model provides the following technical scheme:
a high-efficiency integrated top circulating oil dechlorination system comprises a fractionating tower top circulating mechanism, a dechlorination mechanism and a fractionating tower top condensing mechanism;
the tower top circulating mechanism of the fractionating tower comprises a fractionating tower, a tower top circulating pump and a heat exchanger; the upper tray of the fractionating tower is in conduction connection with an inlet of a tower top circulating pump through a pipeline, an outlet of the tower top circulating pump is in conduction connection with a refrigerant inlet of a heat exchanger through a pipeline, and a heat medium outlet of the heat exchanger is in conduction connection with the top of the fractionating tower through a circulating pipe;
the dechlorination mechanism comprises an oil-water mixer and a hydrocyclone-oil-water separator; the inlet of the oil-water mixer is in conduction connection with a heat medium outlet of the heat exchanger through a pipeline, the inlet of the oil-water mixer is in conduction connection with a desalted water input pipe, and the outlet of the oil-water mixer is in conduction connection with the hydrocyclone-oil water separator through a pipeline; the top of the hydrocyclone extraction-oil-water separator is communicated with the circulating pipe through a dechlorination extract oil conveying pipe, the bottom of the hydrocyclone extraction-oil-water separator is communicated with a chlorine-containing desalted water output pipe, and a chlorine-containing desalted water treatment conveying pipe is communicated and connected between the chlorine-containing desalted water output pipe and a tower top condensing mechanism of the fractionating tower.
As a further scheme of the utility model: the fractionating tower top condensing mechanism comprises a tower top air cooler, an oil-water separation tank and a sewage pump; the inlet of the tower top air cooler is in conductive connection with the tower top of the fractionating tower through a pipeline, and the chlorine-containing demineralized water treatment conveying pipe is in conductive connection with the inlet of the tower top air cooler;
the export of top of the tower air cooler passes through pipeline and oil water separator tank turn-on connection, and oil water separator tank's bottom sewage export passes through pipeline and sewage pump turn-on connection, and the export and the outside sewage pipe network turn-on connection of sewage pump.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the beneficial effects that:
after the structure is adopted, the efficient integrated top circulating oil dechlorination system is provided through the matching of the oil-water mixer and the rotary liquid extraction-oil-water separator. The system has small occupied area of equipment, online use and lower cost, can remove chloride ions without stopping work, causing device fluctuation, influencing product quality and increasing the production cost of the device, and reduces the corrosion of the equipment; the system can remove chloride ions up to 85 percent, effectively prevents salt deposition of relevant equipment and pipelines of the top circulation system, greatly reduces the corrosion rate of the equipment and the pipelines, and can ensure long-term stable operation of the device.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high-efficiency integrated top-circulating oil dechlorination system.
In the figure: 1. a fractionating column; 2. a tower top circulating pump; 3. a heat exchanger; 4. a circulation pipe; 5. an oil-water mixer; 6. a hydrocyclone-oil water separator; 7. a demineralized water input pipe; 8. a dechlorination extract oil conveying pipe; 9. a chlorine-containing demineralized water output pipe; 10. a chlorine-containing demineralized water treatment conveying pipe; 11. an overhead air cooler; 12. an oil-water separation tank; 13. a sewage pump.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present patent will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, a high-efficiency integrated top-circulating oil dechlorination system includes a fractionating tower top circulating mechanism, a dechlorination mechanism and a fractionating tower top condensing mechanism; the fractionating tower top circulating mechanism comprises a fractionating tower 1, a tower top circulating pump 2 and a heat exchanger 3; the upper tray of the fractionating tower 1 is in conduction connection with an inlet of the tower top circulating pump 2 through a pipeline, an outlet of the tower top circulating pump 2 is in conduction connection with a refrigerant inlet of the heat exchanger 3 through a pipeline, and a heat medium outlet of the heat exchanger 3 is in conduction connection with the top of the fractionating tower 1 through a circulating pipe 4.
The dechlorination mechanism comprises an oil-water mixer 5 and a hydrocyclone-oil-water separator 6; an inlet of the oil-water mixer 5 is in conduction connection with a heat medium outlet of the heat exchanger 3 through a pipeline, an inlet of the oil-water mixer 5 is in conduction connection with a desalted water input pipe 7, and an outlet of the oil-water mixer 5 is in conduction connection with the hydrocyclone extraction-oil-water separator 6 through a pipeline; the top of the hydrocyclone extraction-oil-water separator 6 is communicated with the circulating pipe 4 through a dechlorination extract oil conveying pipe 8, the bottom of the hydrocyclone extraction-oil-water separator 6 is communicated with a chlorine-containing desalted water output pipe 9, and a chlorine-containing desalted water treatment conveying pipe 10 is communicated and connected between the chlorine-containing desalted water output pipe 9 and a tower top condensing mechanism of the fractionating tower.
In addition, the tower top condensing mechanism of the fractionating tower comprises a tower top air cooler 11, an oil-water separation tank 12 and a sewage pump 13; an inlet of the tower top air cooler 11 is in conduction connection with the tower top of the fractionating tower 1 through a pipeline, and the chlorine-containing demineralized water treatment conveying pipe 10 is in conduction connection with an inlet of the tower top air cooler 11; the export of top of the tower air cooler 11 passes through pipeline and oil water separator tank 12 turn-on connection, and the bottom sewage export of oil water separator tank 12 passes through pipeline and sewage pump 13 turn-on connection, and sewage pump 13's export and outside sewer pipe network turn-on connection.
The main process flow of the system comprises the following steps:
step 1: top circulating oil is pumped out from a tower tray at the upper part of the fractionating tower 1, enters a tower top circulating pump 2 through a pipeline for pressurization, and then enters a heat exchanger 3;
and 2, step: the outlet of the heat exchanger 3 is divided into two paths, one path enters an oil-water mixer 5, the other path is mixed with dechlorination extract oil in a dechlorination extract oil conveying pipe 8 through a circulating pipe 4, and the mixed top circulating oil returns to the top of the fractionating tower 1;
and step 3: demineralized water enters an oil-water mixer 5 through a demineralized water input pipe 7, and a mixed solution of top circulating oil and demineralized water enters a hydrocyclone-oil-water separator 6;
and 4, step 4: the extract oil from which chloride ions are removed at the top of the hydrocyclone extraction-oil-water separator 6 is merged into the circulating pipe 4 through a dechlorination extract oil conveying pipe 8;
and 5: the chlorine ion-containing demineralized water at the bottom of the hydrocyclone 6 is discharged through a chlorine-containing demineralized water output pipe 9;
step 6: the chlorine ion-containing demineralized water is merged into a rich gas pipeline at the top of the fractionating tower 1 through a chlorine ion-containing demineralized water treatment conveying pipe 10, and the merged pipeline enters an overhead air cooler 11;
and 7: mixing and cooling the oil and water, and then feeding the mixture into an oil-water separation tank 12;
and 8: sewage enters a sewage pump 13 from the bottom of the oil-water separation tank 12 to be pressurized and then is discharged.
In this embodiment, it should be noted that:
1. principle of hydrocyclone extraction-oil-water separator
The rotary liquid extraction separation is based on particle size classification separation and is divided into a main separation cavity and an auxiliary separation cavity. Oil and water enter the separator from the bottom of the main separation cavity, form rotating flow motion under the action of the rotating blades, and oil drops with large particle size are quickly separated under the action of rotational flow and are discharged from the upper part of the main separation cavity; and the unseparated oil drops with small grain size enter the auxiliary separation cavity with smaller rotating radius, and the quick separation is realized under the action of larger centrifugal force. When the flow field is low, the rotary flow velocity of the main separation cavity is low, only the distribution effect is achieved, the main separation effect is achieved, and the auxiliary separation cavity can adapt to a large flow fluctuation range, so that the separator is guaranteed to have high separation efficiency on oil drops with large particle sizes and oil drops with small particle sizes and adaptability to inlet working condition changes.
The hydrocyclone extraction-oil-water separator can quickly separate and disperse suspended oil and partial emulsified oil, and can realize quick separation and dispersion of gas, solid and liquid phases by adopting a hydrocyclone centrifugal separation type design. The unique design structure of the device enables the oil-water separation efficiency to reach more than 90%.
2. Principle of oil-water separator
The oil-water separator is provided with an inlet distribution pipe for flow field distribution, so that the interference of inlet jet flow on a flow field is reduced, then the flow state of liquid flow is uniformly distributed through an oil-water rectifier, the stability is kept, the oil-water is changed into the layer flow state from turbulent flow, and a main separation area is enlarged; finally, a multi-layer folded plate oil-water separation area is adopted, small holes with the diameter of 4-12mm are formed in the folded plates, large oil drops coalesced before quickly rise to the folded plate on the upper layer through the small holes and rise step by step, the separation speed and efficiency are effectively improved, the folded plates are made of oleophylic and hydrophobic materials, so that a certain angle is kept in the flowing process of an oil-water mixture on the folded plates, and the floating speed of an oil phase and the settling speed of a water phase can be accelerated in a smaller space according to a 'shallow pool principle'; the high-efficiency and quick separation process of oil and water is realized.
The working principle of the utility model is as follows: the top circulating oil is pumped out from a tower tray at the upper part of the fractionating tower 1, enters a tower top circulating pump 2 for pressurization, and then enters a heat exchanger 3 for heat extraction; the top circulating oil at the outlet of the heat exchanger 3 is divided into two paths, one path of the oil accounts for 20 percent of the total amount of the top circulating oil and enters an oil-water mixer 5, and the other path of the oil is mixed with the extracted oil for removing the chloride ions and returns to the top of the fractionating tower 1.
The top circulating oil and the desalted water are mixed through an oil-water mixer 5, the desalted water amount is 5% of that of the top circulating oil in the mixed liquid, the mixed oil-water mixed liquid enters a hydrocyclone extraction-oil-water separator 6, the extracted oil with chloride ions removed is merged from the top of the hydrocyclone extraction-oil-water separator 6 and returns to the fractionating tower 1, and the desalted water with the chloride ions is discharged from the bottom of the hydrocyclone extraction-oil-water separator 6. The desalted water containing chloride ions has two treatment modes, one is merged into a rich gas pipeline at the top of the fractionating tower 1, and the other is sent to a stripping device.
The top gas of the fractionating tower 1 is cooled by an air cooler 11, then oil and water are mixed and enter an oil-water separation tank 12, and sewage in the oil-water separation tank 12 is discharged to a sewage pipe network after being pressurized by a sewage pump 13.
Specific examples are as follows:
the corrosion of the fractionating tower top and a condensing system of a coking device of a petrochemical plant is serious, and the stability and the long-period operation of the whole device are influenced. The main operating parameters of the top-cycle oil are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Top oil parameters
According to the main operation parameters of the top circulation of the fractionating tower of the device and the content of chloride ions, the amount of the pumped oil is 40t/h, and the amount of the desalted water is 2t/h for removing the chloride ions.
After the circulating oil at the top of the fractionating tower is extracted from the fractionating tower, 200t/h of the circulating oil at the top is boosted by a top circulating pump, and then is cooled and divided into two parts, wherein one part of the circulating oil at the top is extracted out of the front of a self-regulating valve to remove chloride ions from a dechlorination system and the rest part of the circulating oil is directly returned to the fractionating tower; the flow rate of top circulating oil entering the desalting equipment is 40t/h, the temperature is 95 ℃, the pressure is about 0.8MPa, the part of top circulating oil is mixed with desalted water with the temperature of 40 ℃ and the pressure of about 1.2MPa in an oil-water mixer, the mixture is subjected to primary extraction, and most chloride ions in an oil phase are transferred into a water phase; the oil-water mixed phase enters a cyclone extraction-oil-water separator for further extraction and oil-water separation, the whole process of removing chloride ions of the top circulating oil is completed, and the pressure drop of the whole dechlorination system is not higher than 0.15 MPa; the top circulating oil after the chloride ions are removed is mixed with the rest of the top circulating oil and returns to the fractionating tower, and desalted water or purified water containing trace chloride ions can enter a condensing system at the top of the fractionating tower according to the concentration of the chloride ions to remove the chloride ions again or be discharged.
After the system is put into use, the circulating oil at the top of the inlet and outlet equipment is subjected to chlorine content chemical analysis, and from the chemical analysis value, the circulating oil at the top of the fractionating tower is subjected to online continuous dechlorination, so that the content of chlorine ions in the oil is gradually reduced, and meanwhile, the content of chlorine ions in desalted water is also gradually reduced; the chloride ion content of the top cycle oil is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 chloride ion content in the fractionation overhead circulating oil
| Date of assay | The content of chlorine before removal is mu g/g | The content of chlorine after dechlorination is mug/g | Content of chloride ions in saline water, mg/L |
| 22/8/2021 | 3.99 | 2.01 | 59.03 |
| 9/12/2021 | 1.53 | 1.25 | 18.61 |
| 9/21/2021 | 0.66 | 0.59 | 10.5 |
As can be seen from Table 2, by implementing the dechlorination system, under the condition of 1 month operation, the content of chloride ions in the circulating oil at the top of the fractionating tower of the device is reduced by 85 percent, and the corrosion of the top of the fractionating tower and a condensation system thereof is greatly reduced.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present patent have been described in detail, the present patent is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present patent within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (2)
1. A high-efficiency integrated top circulating oil dechlorination system is characterized by comprising a fractionating tower top circulating mechanism, a dechlorination mechanism and a fractionating tower top condensing mechanism;
the tower top circulating mechanism of the fractionating tower comprises a fractionating tower (1), a tower top circulating pump (2) and a heat exchanger (3); an upper tower tray of the fractionating tower (1) is in conduction connection with an inlet of a tower top circulating pump (2) through a pipeline, an outlet of the tower top circulating pump (2) is in conduction connection with a refrigerant inlet of a heat exchanger (3) through a pipeline, and a heat medium outlet of the heat exchanger (3) is in conduction connection with the top of the fractionating tower (1) through a circulating pipe (4);
the dechlorination mechanism comprises an oil-water mixer (5) and a hydrocyclone-oil-water separator (6); an inlet of the oil-water mixer (5) is in conduction connection with a heat medium outlet of the heat exchanger (3) through a pipeline, an inlet of the oil-water mixer (5) is in conduction connection with a desalted water input pipe (7), and an outlet of the oil-water mixer (5) is in conduction connection with the hydrocyclone extraction-oil-water separator (6) through a pipeline; the top of the hydrocyclone extraction-oil-water separator (6) is communicated with the circulating pipe (4) through a dechlorination extract oil conveying pipe (8), the bottom of the hydrocyclone extraction-oil-water separator (6) is communicated and connected with a chlorine-containing desalted water output pipe (9), and a chlorine-containing desalted water treatment conveying pipe (10) is communicated and connected between the chlorine-containing desalted water output pipe (9) and a condensing mechanism at the top of the fractionating tower.
2. The efficient integrated top-circulating oil dechlorination system according to claim 1, wherein the fractionating tower top condensing mechanism comprises an overhead air cooler (11), an oil-water separation tank (12) and a sewage pump (13); the inlet of the tower top air cooler (11) is in conduction connection with the tower top of the fractionating tower (1) through a pipeline, and the chlorine-containing desalted water treatment conveying pipe (10) is in conduction connection with the inlet of the tower top air cooler (11);
the outlet of the tower top air cooler (11) is in conduction connection with the oil-water separation tank (12) through a pipeline, the bottom sewage outlet of the oil-water separation tank (12) is in conduction connection with the sewage pump (13) through a pipeline, and the outlet of the sewage pump (13) is in conduction connection with an external sewage pipe network.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115161067A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-10-11 | 长江三星能源科技股份有限公司 | Crude oil electric desalting and dewatering process package for oil refinery |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115161067A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-10-11 | 长江三星能源科技股份有限公司 | Crude oil electric desalting and dewatering process package for oil refinery |
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