CN111543979A - Method for outputting vector cardiogram through conventional leads - Google Patents
Method for outputting vector cardiogram through conventional leads Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for outputting an electrocardiograph vector diagram by conventional leads, which comprises the following steps: placing electrode plates at preset positions on the body surface of a measured person based on Wilson leads, and collecting body surface electric signals of the measured person; carrying out bidirectional filtering processing on the acquired body surface electric signals, and drawing conventional 12-lead electrocardiographic waveforms; respectively drawing frontal plane, sagittal plane and transverse plane vector electrocardiograms according to I, aVF, V2 and V6 leads; and according to the obtained sagittal plane electrocardiograph vector, obtaining the vertical projection distance of each punctum of the sagittal plane electrocardiograph vector on the corresponding virtual sagittal plane lead shaft, and deducing the sagittal plane lead electrocardiogram by combining the occurrence sequence of the punctums. The invention obtains the three-plane vector cardiograms by utilizing the conventional electrocardiogram leads, simplifies the operation of the vector cardiograms, ensures that the vector cardiograms are highly consistent with the conventional electrocardiogram, avoids the problem of data deviation caused by deducing Frank leads through the mathematical conversion from the conventional leads, and simultaneously can make up the defect that the conventional electrocardiogram can not observe the change of the electrical activity of the heart in the sagittal plane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrocardiosignal output, in particular to a method for outputting an electrocardio vector diagram by conventional leads.
Background
The electrocardiogram refers to a graph (called ECG for short) in which various types of potential changes are led out from the body surface through an electrocardiograph along with the changes of bioelectricity of the electrocardiogram, wherein the electrocardiogram is an objective index of the generation, propagation and recovery processes of the bioelectricity of the heart in the heart. The vector cardiogram mainly reflects the difference of the direction and the size of the electrical excitation of the heart at each moment, and is a special examination for recording the direction and the size of the electrical excitation generated at each moment of the heart in a solid. Can record the stereo image of heart action potential more truly, and can be used for clarifying the principle of electrocardiogram generation, explaining electrocardiogram waveform and diagnosing heart diseases.
The conventional electrocardiogram and the vector cardiogram are recording methods of electrocardiosignal activities, but the observation angles are different, and the combination of the conventional electrocardiogram and the vector cardiogram can more accurately and comprehensively reflect the change of the heart electrical activity. Because the conventional electrocardiogram and the vector cardiogram do not use the same lead system when acquiring the electrocardiosignals, the conventional electrocardiogram and the vector cardiogram cannot be acquired simultaneously, and thus the conventional electrocardiogram and the vector cardiogram are difficult to be combined with each other for application. In addition, the matching degree of the two is not high due to different lead systems, and deviations often occur in mutual derivation.
Although conventional leads are used as an electrocardiogram, the conventional leads are used as basis for detecting the electrocardiogram, and three orthogonal leads of X, Y and Z in an orthogonal correction lead system of Frank leads are used for detecting the electrocardiogram, and instantaneous electrocardiogram of X axis, Y axis and Z axis is calculated to obtain an electrocardiogram loop of space; but its application is limited because it is cumbersome to operate and cannot be highly matched with the conventional ecg leads. At present, other methods for performing electrocardiogram vector inspection through conventional leads also take Frank as a basis, and convert conventional lead electrocardiogram signals into Frank leads through complex mathematical operation, wherein the result basically conforms to the Frank leads, but the method often has the defect that data deviation occurs in the conversion process.
Through fussy mathematical operation, the electrocardiosignals acquired by the conventional leads are deduced into an electrocardiovector diagram obtained after Frank leads, and the essence of the electrocardiovector diagram still belongs to the Frank lead electrocardiovector diagram rather than the electrocardiovector diagram of the conventional leads.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to disclose a method for realizing conventional lead output vector cardiogram, which can simultaneously acquire a conventional electrocardiogram and the vector cardiogram, and can obtain three planes of the vector cardiogram by applying the conventional electrocardiogram lead, thereby being beneficial to the popularization and the application of the vector cardiogram and simultaneously making up the defect that the conventional electrocardiogram can not observe the change of the electrical activity of the heart in the sagittal plane.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for outputting a vector cardiogram by a conventional lead comprises the following steps:
s1, placing electrode plates at preset positions of the body surface of the measured person based on Wilson leads, and collecting body surface electric signals of the measured person;
s2, performing bidirectional filtering processing on the body surface electric signals acquired in the step S1 to obtain electrocardiogram data, and drawing conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveforms;
s3, respectively drawing a frontal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram, a sagittal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram and a transverse plane electrocardiogram vector diagram according to the vertical relation of two adjacent leads in the I, aVF, V2 and V6 leads of the conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveform obtained in the step S2;
s4, obtaining the vertical projection distance of each punctum of the sagittal plane electrocardiogram on the corresponding virtual sagittal plane lead shaft according to the sagittal plane electrocardiogram obtained in the step S3, and deducing the sagittal plane lead electrocardiogram by combining the occurrence sequence of the punctums.
Further, in step S3, the method for drawing a frontal plane, sagittal plane and transverse plane vector electrocardiogram specifically includes the following steps:
firstly, performing sinus heart beat screening on I, aVF, V2 and V6 leads according to the conventional 12-lead electrocardiograph waveform data obtained in the step S2, performing 1S superposition processing on the heart beats obtained by screening, and obtaining 1S superposition data of the heart beats to obtain the sinus heart beat number meeting the requirement;
secondly, aiming at the sinus heart rate obtained in the first step, calculating data sampling frequency according to the time length represented by each electrocardiogram vector punctum, and further determining required sampling data;
drawing a frontal plane electrocardiograph vector diagram by taking the I lead as a horizontal coordinate and the aVF lead as a vertical coordinate according to the sampling data obtained in the step II; drawing a sagittal plane electrocardiogram by taking a V2 lead as a horizontal coordinate and an aVF lead as a vertical coordinate; and drawing a transverse electrocardiogram vector diagram by taking the V6 lead as a horizontal coordinate and the V2 lead as a vertical coordinate.
By the technical scheme, three-plane vector cardiograms are directly output through four leads (I, aVF, V2 and V6) in the conventional leads, so that the 12-lead electrocardiogram can be collected and the vector cardiograms can be drawn at the same time, the complexity of drawing the vector cardiograms by using Frank leads is further avoided, and complex mathematical operation and data deviation possibly generated are also avoided; because the vector cardiogram drawn by the invention and the data acquisition of the 12-lead electrocardiogram adopt the same lead system, namely the electrocardiographic data are homologous, the two are completely coincident and can be verified mutually and are mutually referred.
Further, in the step (r), the superposition processing method is to add the electrocardiographic data 400ms before and 600ms after each heart beat point.
Further, in step S2, the conventional 12-lead electrocardiographic waveform is drawn from conventional 12-lead electrocardiographic data, the conventional 12-lead includes 6 limb leads and 6 chest leads, the limb leads include an I lead and an aVF lead that are perpendicular to each other, where the I lead reflects left and right changes of an electrocardiographic vector, and the aVF lead reflects up and down changes of the electrocardiographic vector, so as to obtain a frontal plane electrocardiographic vector diagram.
By adopting the technical scheme, the conventional 12-lead can reflect the continuous change on the plane of the heart electrical activity, and the vector cardiogram can reflect the three-dimensional change of the heart electrical activity, so that the information for judging the change of the heart electrical activity is further enriched.
Furthermore, the chest leads comprise a V2 lead and a V6 lead which are perpendicular to each other, wherein the V2 lead reflects the front and back change of the electrocardiogram vector, and the V6 lead reflects the left and right change of the electrocardiogram vector, so as to obtain a transverse plane electrocardiogram vector diagram.
Furthermore, the V2 lead and the aVF lead are vertical leads, the V2 lead reflects the front-back change of the electrocardiogram vector, and the aVF lead reflects the up-down change of the electrocardiogram vector, so as to obtain a sagittal plane electrocardiogram.
Further, in step S4, using V2 as a midline guide shaft, constructing a virtual sagittal lead on the same side, using two intercostals below V2 as an SV1 guide shaft, using the next intercostal below V2 as an SV2 guide shaft, using V2 as an SV3 guide shaft, using the last intercostal above V2 as an SV4 guide shaft, using the two intercostals above V2 as an SV5 guide shaft, and using a guide shaft perpendicular to V2 as an SV0 guide shaft, wherein the SV0 guide shaft is an aVF lead.
Furthermore, the included angle of two adjacent guide shafts on the guide shaft planes of SV1, SV2, SV3, SV4, SV5 and SV0 is 30 degrees, the electrocardiogram data of corresponding puncta of each lead on the virtual sagittal plane is calculated according to the pythagorean theorem, and the electrocardiogram of the lead on each sagittal plane is output according to the appearance sequence of each puncta.
By the scheme, the electrocardiogram data of all puncta of the sagittal electrocardiogram on V2(SV3) and aVF (SV0) leads are known, the electrocardiogram data of all corresponding puncta of all leads of the virtual sagittal plane can be calculated according to the pythagorean theorem, and the electrocardiogram of all the sagittal plane leads can be output according to the appearance sequence of all the puncta, so that the defect that the conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram cannot be used for observing the sagittal plane lead electrocardiogram is overcome.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following different advantages:
the acquisition of the conventional lead vector electrocardiogram and the conventional electrocardiogram uses the same lead system, so that synchronous acquisition can be realized, the conventional lead vector electrocardiogram and the conventional electrocardiogram can be mutually combined and applied to clinical diagnosis, the mutual evidence matching degree of the conventional lead vector electrocardiogram and the conventional electrocardiogram is higher, and the electrocardiogram and the vector have important values in the diagnosis and teaching of the electrocardio;
secondly, 3 groups of vertical leads reflecting the electrical activity of the heart are searched in the conventional leads to directly obtain an electrocardiograph vector, complicated mathematical operation is not needed, and the electrocardiograph vector is directly obtained through the conventional leads, so that the complexity of lead replacement operation is avoided; complex mathematical conversion is not needed, and the problem of data deviation caused by deducing Frank leads through the mathematical conversion by the conventional leads is avoided;
and thirdly, the defect that the conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram can not observe the change of the electrocardiogram of the sagittal plane is overcome.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention for outputting a 12-lead electrocardiogram, a vector cardiogram and a sagittal plane lead electrocardiogram based on Wilson lead;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of superposition of I, aVF, V2 and V6 lead ECG data according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the present invention for vector cardiogram punctum data acquisition;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the present invention for rendering frontal, sagittal and transverse vector electrocardiograms according to conventional 12-lead I, aVF, V2 and V6 lead electrocardio data;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the detection results of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the detection results of example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the results of detection in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the results of detection in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing the detection results of example 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the results of the detection according to example 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a virtual sagittal lead electrode position of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a sagittal lead shaft position;
FIG. 13 is a virtual sagittal plane lead electrocardiogram derived from a sagittal plane vector cardiogram.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A method for outputting an vectorcardiogram by conventional leads, as shown in fig. 1 to 13, comprising the following steps:
s1, placing electrode plates at preset positions of the body surface of the measured person based on Wilson leads, and collecting body surface electric signals of the measured person;
s2, performing bidirectional filtering processing on the body surface electric signals acquired in the step S1 to remove interference waves, obtaining electrocardiogram data, and drawing conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveforms according to the electrocardiogram data;
s3, respectively drawing a frontal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram, a sagittal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram and a transverse plane electrocardiogram vector diagram according to the vertical relation of two adjacent leads in the I, aVF, V2 and V6 leads of the conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveform obtained in the step S2;
s4, obtaining the vertical projection distance of each punctum of the sagittal plane electrocardiogram on the corresponding virtual sagittal plane lead shaft according to the sagittal plane electrocardiogram obtained in the step S3, and deducing the sagittal plane lead electrocardiogram by combining the occurrence sequence of the punctums.
Preferably, in step S3, a frontal plane, sagittal plane and transverse plane vector electrocardiogram is drawn, as shown in fig. 2 and 7, which specifically includes the following steps:
performing sinus heart beat screening (automatic identification by a computer and manual correction) on the I, aVF, V2 and V6 leads according to the conventional 12-lead electrocardiographic waveform data obtained in the step S2, wherein the V2 and V6 lead data are precordial lead data used for representing the tested person, the I lead is standard limb lead data used for representing the tested person, and the aVF is unipolar compression limb lead data used for representing the tested person. And (3) carrying out 1s superposition processing on the heart beats obtained by screening to obtain 1s superposition data, wherein the superposition method is to add the electrocardiographic data 400ms before and 600ms after each heart beat to obtain the sinus heart beat number meeting the requirement.
And secondly, aiming at the sampling data of the sinus heart rate obtained in the step I, calculating the data sampling frequency according to the time length represented by each electrocardiogram vector punctum (the time length represented by each electrocardiogram vector punctum can be determined through software design), and further determining the required sampling data. For example, the sampling frequency of the electrocardiographic data is 1000Hz, the data has 1000 data points, and when the size of each punctum is 2ms, the data sampling frequency is 1000/2-500, that is, electrocardiographic data needs to be taken at every other point for drawing electrocardiographic vector punctums.
Drawing a frontal plane electrocardiograph vector diagram by taking the I lead as a horizontal coordinate and the aVF lead as a vertical coordinate according to the sampling data obtained in the step II; drawing a sagittal plane electrocardiogram by taking a V2 lead as a horizontal coordinate and an aVF lead as a vertical coordinate; and drawing a transverse electrocardiogram vector diagram by taking the V6 lead as a horizontal coordinate and the V2 lead as a vertical coordinate.
Specifically, in step S3, the conventional 12-lead electrocardiographic waveform is drawn from conventional 12-lead electrocardiographic data, the conventional 12-lead includes 6 limb leads and 6 chest leads, the limb leads include an I lead and an aVF lead that are perpendicular to each other, where the I lead reflects left and right changes of an electrocardiographic vector, and the aVF lead reflects up and down changes of the electrocardiographic vector, so as to obtain a frontal plane electrocardiographic vector diagram.
On the basis of the scheme, the chest leads comprise a V2 lead and a V6 lead which are mutually vertical, wherein the V2 lead reflects the front-back change of an electrocardiogram vector, and the V6 lead reflects the left-right change of the electrocardiogram vector, so that a transverse plane electrocardiogram vector diagram is obtained; the I lead and the aVF lead are vertical leads, the I lead reflects the left and right changes of the electrocardiogram vector, and the aVF lead reflects the up and down changes of the electrocardiogram vector to obtain a frontal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram; the V2 lead and the aVF lead are vertical leads, the V2 lead reflects the front-back change of the electrocardiogram vector, and the aVF lead reflects the up-down change of the electrocardiogram vector so as to obtain a sagittal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram;
the conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram lacks a sagittal plane lead system, namely a lead system reflecting the change of the electrocardio-activity before and after, therefore, the invention provides a virtual sagittal plane lead by taking a V2 lead as the center on the basis of a sagittal plane electrocardiogram. In step S4, V2 is used as a midline guide shaft, virtual sagittal plane leads are constructed on the same side, two intercostals below V2 are used as SV1 guide shafts, the next intercostal below V2 is used as SV2 guide shaft, V2 is used as SV3 guide shaft, the last intercostal above V2 is used as SV4 guide shaft, the two intercostals above V2 are used as SV5 guide shaft, and the vertical direction to V2 is used as SV0 guide shaft, where SV0 guide shaft is aVF lead. The mutual included angle between the lead axes of the 6 virtual sagittal plane leads and the 6 symmetrical leads (namely the reverse leads) thereof, namely SV0, SV1, SV2, SV3, SV4, SV5, -SV0, -SV1, -SV2, -SV3, -SV4 and-SV 5, is 30 degrees.
In order to observe the practical value of the invention, six typical examples are listed, namely normal and acute lower wall myocardial infarction, right ventricular hypertrophy, left ventricular hypertrophy, complete left bundle branch block and complete right bundle branch block, and the invention is different from Frank lead ECG vector diagram in both the form of the ECG vector diagram and various observation indexes, and has practical value for clinical diagnosis. Of course, the particular clinical application requires the constant accumulation of cases and a summary of experience.
The core basis of the invention is to find three groups of orthogonal leads reflecting the stereo change of the heart electrical activity in the conventional electrocardiogram leads, namely I and aVF (frontal plane), V2 and V6 (transverse plane), and aVF and V2 (sagittal plane). The application of other mutually perpendicular conventional electrocardiogram leads to draw an electrocardiogram belongs to the protection scope of the invention.
The invention provides virtual sagittal plane leads, and derives a sagittal plane lead electrocardiogram from a sagittal plane conventional lead electrocardiogram, so as to make up for the defect that the conventional electrocardiogram can not observe the sagittal plane electrocardiogram, and the virtual sagittal plane leads and the sagittal plane lead electrocardiogram belong to the protection range of the invention.
Example 1
S1, placing 10 electrode plates at preset positions on the body surface of the tested person based on Wilson leads, and collecting electrocardiosignals of the tested person by utilizing each electrode plate;
s2, filtering the electrocardiosignals of the tested person acquired in the step S1 to obtain electrocardio data, and drawing a conventional 12-lead electrocardio waveform;
s3, drawing frontal plane, sagittal plane and transverse plane vector electrocardiograms according to I, aVF, V2 and V6 lead electrocardio data in the conventional 12 lead electrocardio waveform obtained in the step S2;
s4, according to the sagittal plane electrocardiovector diagram obtained in the step S3, the projection distance of each punctum of the sagittal plane electrocardiovector diagram on the corresponding guide shaft is obtained, and the sagittal plane electrocardiogram is deduced by combining the projection occurrence sequence.
Wherein the testee is male, the age is 56 years old, and the physical examination and the electrocardiogram diagnosis are as follows: and (4) normal electrocardiogram. The conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram, the conventional lead vector electrocardiogram and the sagittal electrocardiogram are measured according to the steps. The sagittal plane electrocardiogram can display the moving rule of R wave and S wave of QRS complex, and the reverse sagittal plane electrocardiogram can display the heart electrical activity of the back wall. For convenience of comparison, a Frank lead electrocardiographic vector diagram is added, as shown in fig. 5, the following table 1 is an observation index and a measurement value of Frank lead and conventional lead electrocardiographic vector of a patient to be tested, and specifically, the following table 1:
TABLE 1
Example 2
S1, placing 10 electrode plates at preset positions on the body surface of the tested person based on Wilson leads, and collecting electrocardiosignals of the tested person by utilizing each electrode plate;
s2, performing bidirectional filtering processing on the body surface electric signals acquired in the step S1 to obtain electrocardiogram data, and drawing conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveforms;
s3, respectively drawing a frontal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram, a sagittal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram and a transverse plane electrocardiogram vector diagram according to the vertical relation of two adjacent leads in the I, aVF, V2 and V6 leads of the conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveform obtained in the step S2;
s4, obtaining the vertical projection distance of each punctum of the sagittal plane electrocardiogram on the corresponding virtual sagittal plane lead shaft according to the sagittal plane electrocardiogram obtained in the step S3, and deducing the sagittal plane lead electrocardiogram by combining the occurrence sequence of the punctums.
Wherein the testee is male, age 64, and electrocardiogram diagnosis: acute lower wall myocardial infarction, clinical diagnosis: acute lower wall myocardial infarction. The conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram, the conventional lead vector electrocardiogram and the sagittal electrocardiogram are measured according to the steps. The sagittal electrocardiogram shows the change of ST segment correspondence and the change of QRS wave group migration rule, and may be valuable for the location diagnosis of coronary lesion. For convenience of comparison, a Frank lead electrocardiographic vector diagram is added, see fig. 6, and the following table 2 is an observation index and a measurement value of Frank lead and conventional lead electrocardiographic vector of a patient to be tested, and specifically, the following table 2 is provided:
TABLE 2
Example 3
S1, placing 10 electrode plates at preset positions on the body surface of the tested person based on Wilson leads, and collecting electrocardiosignals of the tested person by utilizing each electrode plate;
s2, performing bidirectional filtering processing on the body surface electric signals acquired in the step S1 to obtain electrocardiogram data, and drawing conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveforms;
s3, respectively drawing a frontal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram, a sagittal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram and a transverse plane electrocardiogram vector diagram according to the vertical relation of two adjacent leads in the I, aVF, V2 and V6 leads of the conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveform obtained in the step S2;
s4, obtaining the vertical projection distance of each punctum of the sagittal plane electrocardiogram on the corresponding virtual sagittal plane lead shaft according to the sagittal plane electrocardiogram obtained in the step S3, and deducing the sagittal plane lead electrocardiogram by combining the occurrence sequence of the punctums.
Wherein the tested person is female, 21 years old, and the electrocardiogram diagnosis: the right ventricle is hypertrophic, and congenital heart disease is clinically diagnosed. The conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram, the conventional lead vector electrocardiogram and the sagittal electrocardiogram are measured according to the steps. The QRS transition rule and the voltage change appear on the sagittal electrocardiogram, and the reference value for diagnosing the right ventricular hypertrophy by the electrocardiogram is provided. For convenience of comparison, a Frank lead electrocardiographic vector diagram is added, see fig. 7, and the following table 3 is an observation index and a measurement value of Frank lead and conventional lead electrocardiographic vector of a patient to be tested, and specifically, the following table 3:
TABLE 3
Example 4
S1, placing 10 electrode plates at preset positions on the body surface of the tested person based on Wilson leads, and collecting electrocardiosignals of the tested person by utilizing each electrode plate;
s2, performing bidirectional filtering processing on the body surface electric signals acquired in the step S1 to obtain electrocardiogram data, and drawing conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveforms;
s3, respectively drawing a frontal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram, a sagittal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram and a transverse plane electrocardiogram vector diagram according to the vertical relation of two adjacent leads in the I, aVF, V2 and V6 leads of the conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveform obtained in the step S2;
s4, obtaining the vertical projection distance of each punctum of the sagittal plane electrocardiogram on the corresponding virtual sagittal plane lead shaft according to the sagittal plane electrocardiogram obtained in the step S3, and deducing the sagittal plane lead electrocardiogram by combining the occurrence sequence of the punctums.
Wherein the tested person is female, the age is 58 years old, and the electrocardiogram diagnosis: the left ventricle is hypertrophic and the clinical diagnosis of hypertensive heart disease is carried out. The conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram, the conventional lead vector electrocardiogram and the sagittal electrocardiogram are measured according to the steps. The QRS transition rule and the voltage change appear on the sagittal electrocardiogram, and the electrocardiogram has reference value for diagnosing the left ventricular hypertrophy. For convenience of comparison, a Frank lead electrocardiographic vector diagram is added, see fig. 8, and the following table 4 is an observation index and a measurement value of Frank lead and conventional lead electrocardiographic vector of a patient to be tested, and specifically, the following table 4 is provided:
TABLE 4
Example 5
S1, placing 10 electrode plates at preset positions on the body surface of the tested person based on Wilson leads, and collecting electrocardiosignals of the tested person by utilizing each electrode plate;
s2, performing bidirectional filtering processing on the body surface electric signals acquired in the step S1 to obtain electrocardiogram data, and drawing conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveforms;
s3, respectively drawing a frontal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram, a sagittal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram and a transverse plane electrocardiogram vector diagram according to the vertical relation of two adjacent leads in the I, aVF, V2 and V6 leads of the conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveform obtained in the step S2;
s4, obtaining the vertical projection distance of each punctum of the sagittal plane electrocardiogram on the corresponding virtual sagittal plane lead shaft according to the sagittal plane electrocardiogram obtained in the step S3, and deducing the sagittal plane lead electrocardiogram by combining the occurrence sequence of the punctums.
Wherein the testee is male, the age is 78 years old, and the electrocardiogram diagnosis: complete left bundle branch block, and clinical diagnosis of coronary heart disease. The conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram, the conventional lead vector electrocardiogram and the sagittal electrocardiogram are measured according to the steps. The change of QRS transition rule of the sagittal electrocardiogram shows that the electrocardiogram has reference value for judging the left bundle branch block and the left bundle branch block with myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction. For convenience of comparison, a Frank lead electrocardiographic vector diagram is added, as shown in fig. 9, the following table 5 is an observation index and a measurement value of Frank lead and conventional lead electrocardiographic vector of a patient to be tested, and specifically, the following table 5 is provided:
TABLE 5
Example 6
S1, placing 10 electrode plates at preset positions on the body surface of the tested person based on Wilson leads, and collecting electrocardiosignals of the tested person by utilizing each electrode plate;
s2, performing bidirectional filtering processing on the body surface electric signals acquired in the step S1 to obtain electrocardiogram data, and drawing conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveforms;
s3, respectively drawing a frontal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram, a sagittal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram and a transverse plane electrocardiogram vector diagram according to the vertical relation of two adjacent leads in the I, aVF, V2 and V6 leads of the conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveform obtained in the step S2;
s4, obtaining the vertical projection distance of each punctum of the sagittal plane electrocardiogram on the corresponding virtual sagittal plane lead shaft according to the sagittal plane electrocardiogram obtained in the step S3, and deducing the sagittal plane lead electrocardiogram by combining the occurrence sequence of the punctums.
Wherein the testee is male, 55 years old, and the electrocardiogram diagnosis: complete right bundle branch block, and clinical diagnosis of coronary heart disease. The conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram, the conventional lead vector electrocardiogram and the sagittal electrocardiogram are measured according to the steps. The QRS transition rule and the voltage change appear on the sagittal electrocardiogram, and the electrocardiogram has reference value for diagnosing right bundle branch block with right ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial ischemia and the like. For convenience of comparison, a Frank lead electrocardiographic vector diagram is added, see fig. 10, and the following table 6 is an observation index and a measurement value of Frank lead and conventional lead electrocardiographic vector of a patient to be tested, and specifically, the following table 6:
TABLE 6
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of one or more embodiments of the present invention, which are described in more detail and detail, but are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for outputting an electric vector cardiogram by a conventional lead is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, placing electrode plates at preset positions of the body surface of the measured person based on Wilson leads, and collecting body surface electric signals of the measured person;
s2, performing bidirectional filtering processing on the body surface electric signals acquired in the step S1 to obtain electrocardiogram data, and drawing conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveforms;
s3, respectively drawing a frontal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram, a sagittal plane electrocardiogram vector diagram and a transverse plane electrocardiogram vector diagram according to the vertical relation of two adjacent leads in the I, aVF, V2 and V6 leads of the conventional 12-lead electrocardiogram waveform obtained in the step S2;
s4, obtaining the vertical projection distance of each punctum of the sagittal plane electrocardiogram on the corresponding virtual sagittal plane lead shaft according to the sagittal plane electrocardiogram obtained in the step S3, and deducing the sagittal plane lead electrocardiogram by combining the occurrence sequence of the punctums.
2. The method for outputting vector cardiogram through conventional leads according to claim 1, wherein in step S3, the step of drawing frontal plane, sagittal plane and transverse plane vector cardiogram includes the following steps:
firstly, performing sinus heart beat screening on I, aVF, V2 and V6 leads according to the conventional 12-lead electrocardiograph waveform data obtained in the step S2, performing 1S superposition processing on the heart beats obtained by screening, and obtaining 1S superposition data of the heart beats to obtain the sinus heart beat number meeting the requirement;
secondly, aiming at the sinus heart rate obtained in the first step, calculating data sampling frequency according to the time length represented by each electrocardiogram vector punctum, and further determining required sampling data;
drawing a frontal plane electrocardiograph vector diagram by taking the I lead as a horizontal coordinate and the aVF lead as a vertical coordinate according to the sampling data obtained in the step II; drawing a sagittal plane electrocardiogram by taking a V2 lead as a horizontal coordinate and an aVF lead as a vertical coordinate; and drawing a transverse electrocardiogram vector diagram by taking the V6 lead as a horizontal coordinate and the V2 lead as a vertical coordinate.
3. The method for outputting an electrocardiographic vector graph through a conventional lead according to claim 2, wherein in step (r), the superposition processing method is to add electrocardiographic data 400ms before and 600ms after each heart beat point.
4. The method for outputting an electrocardiographic vector diagram from conventional leads according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, the conventional 12-lead electrocardiographic waveform is drawn from electrocardiographic data from conventional 12-lead, the conventional 12-lead includes 6 limb leads and 6 chest leads, the limb leads include mutually perpendicular I-lead and aVF-lead, where the I-lead reflects left-right change of electrocardiographic vector, and the aVF-lead reflects up-down change of electrocardiographic vector, so as to obtain frontal plane electrocardiographic vector diagram.
5. The method for outputting vector cardiogram through conventional leads according to claim 4, wherein the chest leads comprise a V2 lead and a V6 lead which are perpendicular to each other, wherein the V2 lead reflects front and back variation of the vector cardiogram, and the V6 lead reflects left and right variation of the vector cardiogram, so as to obtain a transverse plane vector cardiogram.
6. The method for outputting an electrocardiographic vector chart through a conventional lead according to claim 1, wherein the lead V2 and the lead aVF are vertical leads, the lead V2 reflects front and back changes of an electrocardiographic vector, and the lead aVF reflects up and down changes of the electrocardiographic vector so as to obtain a sagittal electrocardiographic vector chart.
7. The method for outputting an electrocardiographic vector chart through a conventional lead according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, a virtual sagittal lead is constructed on the same side by using V2 as a midline guide shaft, a SV1 guide shaft is used between two ribs below V2, a SV2 guide shaft is used between the next ribs below V2, a SV3 guide shaft is used at V2, a SV4 guide shaft is used between the first ribs above V2, a SV5 guide shaft is used between the two ribs above V2, and a SV0 guide shaft perpendicular to V2, wherein the SV0 guide shaft is an aVF lead.
8. The method for outputting an electrocardiographic vector chart through leads according to claim 7, wherein an included angle between two adjacent lead axes on the lead axis planes of SV1, SV2, SV3, SV4, SV5 and SV0 is 30 degrees, electrocardiographic data of corresponding puncta of each lead on a virtual sagittal plane are calculated according to the pythagorean theorem, and an electrocardiogram of the leads on each sagittal plane is output according to the appearance sequence of each puncta.
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