CN111541598B

CN111541598B - Distributed multi-host communication system, functional module and communication method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111541598B
Application number: CN202010318060.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张鸣晓; 侯开源
Original assignee: Chongqing Huanteng Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Huanteng Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-21
Filing date: 2020-04-21
Publication date: 2021-08-03
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-21
Also published as: CN111541598A

Abstract

The application discloses distributed multi-host communication system, including a plurality of functional modules that are connected through communication bus, every functional module has only identification code, every functional module is repeated the timing in step, and judge whether this functional module's only identification code matches with communication system's current identification code when the timing length reaches the trigger cycle of taking turns, send data to other functional modules in communication system through communication bus when judging that the identification code matches, and receive the data that the functional module that identification code and communication system's current identification code only matched sent through communication bus when judging that the identification code does not match. The system saves the cable consumption and the wiring workload, reduces the requirement on the data throughput capacity, and does not influence the operation of other normal hosts when any host fails.

Description

Distributed multi-host communication system, functional module and communication method thereof

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of data communication technologies, and in particular, to a distributed multi-host communication system and a communication method thereof, and a functional module of the distributed communication system and a communication method thereof.

Background

At present, in the aspect of data acquisition and function execution of control equipment, the mode of PLC master and slave stations is generally adopted for realizing, the slave stations provide interfaces with field equipment and communication with a master station and are responsible for sending data acquired from the field equipment to the master station, the master station provides functions of operation processing, communication processing and the like and is responsible for processing the acquired data, the field condition is known according to a processing result, and the field equipment is controlled to perform corresponding actions according to the processing result, so that the purpose required to be achieved is realized.

This approach has the following disadvantages:

1. under the communication architecture, when a plurality of field devices are arranged, each device is required to be connected with the master station to be controlled by the master station, and the field devices are possibly far away from an I/O (input/output) module of a PLC (programmable logic controller) of the master station central control cabinet, so that a large number of communication cables are generated, the communication architecture is not favorable for building, and the cost is increased.

2. Because the site under the communication architecture is divided into the master station and the slave station and only has one master station, when a communication module of the master station or even a CPU (central processing unit) fails, the whole architecture is paralyzed, the stability is poor and the failure is sensitive.

3. When the field devices are additionally arranged, all the control programs are in the same program file of the main station, so that when the main station is connected with more devices, the content of the control programs is more, the additional arrangement of the field devices may involve the modification of the programs, and for the condition that all the programs are concentrated in one file, the workload is higher, and the time and the labor are wasted.

Disclosure of Invention

Object of the application

Based on this, in order to save the cable usage and the wiring workload, improve the stability of the communication architecture, and improve the maintainability and expansibility of the communication architecture and the subordinate devices thereof, the present application provides a new communication mechanism, cancels the structure of the master station and the slave station, makes all the stations as the master station and connected in the form of a bus, each station operates respectively and operates on the premise of reaching the consensus of the bus control right, and sends data and shares data in turn in sequence, so as to exchange the more important system stability with the less important part of data transmission real-time, avoids influencing the operation of other stations and even the whole system due to the fault of a certain station, transfers the authority of the original single master station to all the stations, and divides the control program into stations for respective needs, which is beneficial to the adjustment and the modification of the architecture.

(II) technical scheme

In a first aspect, the present application provides a distributed multi-host communication system, including a plurality of function modules connected via a communication bus, where each of the function modules alternately sends data to and receives data from other function modules in the system in an adaptive manner.

In a possible implementation manner, each of the functional modules stores the data sent to other functional modules in the system and the data sent from the other functional modules, and performs data acquisition by directly extracting the data stored in the functional module when data is applied.

In one possible embodiment, each of said functional modules has a unique identification code;

each functional module synchronously carries out repeated timing, and judges whether the unique identification code of the functional module is matched with the current identification code of the communication system when the timing duration reaches the rotation triggering period;

and when the identification codes are judged to be matched, sending data to other functional modules in the communication system through the communication bus, and when the identification codes are judged not to be matched, receiving the data sent by the functional module of which the identification code is uniquely matched with the current identification code of the communication system through the communication bus.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a functional module of a distributed communication system, which alternately transmits data to and receives data from other functional modules in the system in an adaptive manner.

In one possible implementation mode, the functional module is provided with a unique identification code, the functional module performs repeated timing, and judges whether the unique identification code is matched with the current identification code of the communication system when the timing duration reaches the rotation triggering period; when the identification codes are judged to be matched, data is sent out through the communication bus, and when the identification codes are judged not to be matched, the sent data is received through the communication bus.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a distributed multi-host communication method, which is applied to a communication system including a plurality of functional modules, where the functional modules are connected with each other through a communication bus; the method comprises the following steps:

each functional module transmits data to other functional modules in the system and receives data transmitted by other functional modules in the system in a self-adaptive mode in a rotating mode.

In one possible embodiment, the method comprises: each functional module stores the data sent to other functional modules in the system and the data sent by the other functional modules; when the data is applied, the data stored in the functional module is directly extracted to obtain the data.

In one possible embodiment, each of said functional modules has a unique identification code; the functional module transmits data to other functional modules in the system and receives data transmitted by other functional modules in the system in a rotating mode in a self-adaptive mode comprises the following steps:

a time delay timing step, wherein each functional module synchronously performs repeated timing;

an identification rotation step, namely judging whether the unique identification code of the functional module is matched with the current identification code of the communication system when the timing duration reaches a rotation triggering period;

and a data transceiving step of sending data to other functional modules in the communication system through the communication bus when the identification codes are judged to be matched, and receiving data sent by the functional module of which the identification code is uniquely matched with the current identification code of the communication system through the communication bus when the identification codes are judged not to be matched.

In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a communication method for a functional module of a distributed communication system, the method including: and transmitting data to other functional modules in the system and receiving data transmitted by other functional modules in the system in a rotating mode in a self-adaptive mode.

In one possible embodiment, the functional module has a unique identification code; the step of alternately sending data to other function modules in the system and receiving data sent by other function modules in the system in a self-adaptive mode comprises the following steps:

a time delay timing step, in which the functional module performs repeated timing;

an identification rotation step, namely judging whether the unique identification code is matched with the current identification code of the communication system when the timing duration reaches a rotation triggering period;

and a data transceiving step of sending out data through the communication bus when the identification codes are judged to be matched, and receiving the sent data through the communication bus when the identification codes are judged not to be matched.

(III) advantageous effects

According to the multi-host communication system, the functional modules and the communication method, the bus topological structure is adopted in wiring, and compared with the traditional PLC single-host control method that signal wires need to be led out from host positions to all module external devices, the cable usage and wiring workload are saved;

in the communication mechanism, a mechanism of a master module and a slave module is cancelled, the modules are equal in position without competing authority, each functional module can be regarded as a host, the communication is controlled by multiple hosts together, only one host broadcasts data on a bus at the same time, the requirement on data throughput capacity is reduced, and meanwhile, data collision on the bus is avoided;

meanwhile, each functional module stores data of the module and data sent by other modules, the data stored by the module can be directly called when the data of other modules are required to be acquired, communication with the corresponding functional module is not required, the communication time and data transmission time with other functional modules are saved, and the types and data amount of the stored data can meet the requirements for data processing in all possible application scenes;

moreover, the hosts are independent from each other and do not generate interference, and the data acquisition, the identification rotation, the data receiving and sending and the data transmission of a communication bus of other normal hosts cannot be influenced when any host fails;

when functional equipment connected with a certain host is added, only the interface and the data acquisition program of the host need to be added and changed, and other hosts do not need to be changed;

in addition, the time sequence of the communication bus does not need to be uniformly controlled through a host of a certain upper level, the condition that the communication bus is paralyzed due to the fault of a single host is avoided, the modularization of the communication program is realized, and no matter what function is realized by the functional module, the data transmission program is consistent and does not need to be changed.

Drawings

The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining and illustrating the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.

Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a distributed multi-master communication system.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of a distributed multi-master communication system in another implementation.

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the architecture of a second embodiment of a distributed multi-master communication system.

Fig. 4 is a block diagram of a second embodiment of a distributed multi-master communication system in another implementation.

Fig. 5 is a block diagram of the structure of a third embodiment of a distributed multi-master communication system.

Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a first embodiment of a distributed multi-host communication method.

Fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a second embodiment of a distributed multi-host communication method.

Fig. 8 is a flow chart illustrating a third embodiment of a distributed multi-host communication method.

Detailed Description

In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

A first embodiment of the distributed multi-master communication system disclosed in the present application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-2. As shown in fig. 1, the communication system disclosed in this embodiment mainly includes a plurality of functional modules. The functional modules have different functions, and the data transmitted and received by the functional modules, the connected equipment and the working principle are also different.

Each functional module in the communication system is connected in a bus topology mode, and each functional module is connected with a communication bus to realize the connection of each functional module through the communication bus. The communication mode of the communication bus can adopt an RS485 bus, or adopt a TCP/IP bus, or adopt a ZIGBEE bus. The form of the bus is not limited to the above three, and any bus that can implement the communication mechanism of the communication system may be adopted.

Each functional module transmits data to other functional modules in the system and receives data transmitted by other functional modules in the system in a rotating mode in a self-adaptive mode. And each functional module stores data sent by the functional module to other functional modules in the system and data sent by the other functional modules, and directly extracts the data stored by the functional module to acquire the data when the data is applied. Therefore, when the functional module needs to acquire the data of the functional module or other functional modules to process, calculate and apply the data and further realize the functions of judgment, analysis, control and the like, the functional module does not need to initiate communication to the corresponding functional module and further does not need to enable the corresponding functional module to send the data required by the functional module to the functional module, but directly searches and extracts the data from the data stored by the functional module and sent by other functional modules before, so that the communication time and the data transmission time with other functional modules are saved, and the types and the data amount of the stored data can meet the requirements for data processing in all possible application scenes.

Specifically, each functional module has a unique identification code within the communication system. The identification code is an identification that can give the function module bus control authority (i.e., data transmission authority) that represents the authority to transmit data to the communication bus. The functional module with the correct identification code can send out data, while the functional module without the correct identification code can only receive the data sent by the functional module with the correct identification code but cannot send out the data of the functional module. The identification code may take the form of one or more digits, and may take the form of an address, ID number, etc. of the functional module, such as a code consisting of a multi-digit binary number.

The identification code is periodically changed, and is changed into a new identification code according to a set sequence and is the same as the identification code of a certain functional module, at the moment, the functional module is considered to have a correct identification code, and after a period, the identification code is changed into the same as the identification code of another functional module, and the other functional module is considered to have the correct identification code. After a period of time, each functional module has a correct identification code, and then the identification codes are changed again according to the same set sequence, wherein the period of time is a module rotation period for data interaction of each functional module in the communication system.

The functional module can adopt a singlechip system, one singlechip system is used as one functional module, and each unit of the functional module comprises a hardware circuit and a software program of the singlechip system. That is, each of the functional modules corresponds to a host having a control function, and the plurality of functional modules form a multi-host communication system.

Data communication between the functional modules in the communication system will be described below by taking fig. 1 as an example.

And each functional module synchronously performs repeated timing, and judges whether the unique identification code of the functional module is matched with the current identification code of the communication system when the timing duration reaches the rotation triggering period.

The clocks of each functional module are synchronized, which may be achieved by a crystal oscillator, and the timing of each functional module may be synchronized. That is to say, the functional modules a, B, and the like start timing within the same time or time period, reach the rotation triggering period within the same time or time period, and trigger the identification code matching judgment action within the same time or time period.

The rotation trigger period is a delay sending time length of the data sent by the functional module, that is, a time interval between two adjacent functional modules sending the data is approximately the time length of the rotation trigger period. In this embodiment, the polling trigger period is a delay transmission duration for sending out data set by the functional module.

The duration of the wheel movement trigger period may be set according to the operating condition, and may be set to 10ms, for example. And each functional module starts timing from 0 at the same time, and each functional module triggers the identification code matching judgment action when each time reaches 10ms, and starts timing from 0 again for the next round at the same time.

The unique identification codes of the functional modules are different, and the identification codes can be called module identification codes and are parameters assigned to the functional modules, for example, the module identification code of the functional module a is 1, and the module identification code of the functional module B is 2. A common identification code, which is the current identification code of the communication system, will also exist in the communication system during the communication process.

The module identification code can not change along with the repeated timing, the rotation of the current identification code of the communication system and other conditions, and the system identification code can change along with the identification code matching judgment action of the functional module. Each functional module can periodically obtain and record a system identification code, and the system identification codes of the functional modules in the same rotation triggering period are the same. Therefore, each functional module has a constant and unique module identification code and a variable system identification code, and the system identification codes recorded by the functional modules at the same time are the same.

The identification code matching judgment action is to judge whether the module identification code is matched with the system identification code. The matching of the identification codes may refer to whether the identification codes are the same, for example, the module identification code and the system identification code are both decimal 3, or both are binary 1001, or both are the characters k2h 1. Matching of the identification codes may also mean that the identification codes correspond, for example, there is a unique correspondence between the module identification codes and the system identification codes, and one module identification code corresponds to one system identification code. After a new system identification code is moved each time, the corresponding module identification code can be determined and then matched.

The result of the identification code matching judgment and the influence thereof on data receiving and sending are described by taking the functional module a as an example. When the function module a determines that the identification codes match, the following two situations exist.

The first condition is as follows: the functional module A judges that the module identification code of the functional module A is matched with the system identification code, and the module identification code and the system identification code are both 1 decimal, the functional module A can send data to other functional modules (namely, the functional modules without bus control power) such as a functional module B in the communication system through the communication bus, namely, the data is broadcasted to the communication bus so that the other functional modules in the communication system can capture packets and obtain the data sent by the functional module A by the other functional modules, so that the transmission and the forwarding of the data in the rotation triggering period are realized, or the data synchronization updating among multiple modules is carried out.

Case two: the functional module A judges that the module identification code of the functional module A is not matched with the system identification code, for example, the module identification code 1 of the functional module A is not matched with the system identification code 2, the functional module A receives data sent by the functional module with the identification code uniquely matched with the current identification code of the communication system through the communication bus, namely the data broadcasted by the functional module with the bus control right to the communication bus is obtained by packet capturing. At this moment, the function module B also performs identification code matching judgment action at the same time, and the module identification code of the function module B is 2, so that the judgment result is matched with the system identification code, the function module B can send data outwards through the communication bus, and other function modules on the communication bus including the function module A can grab the packet to acquire the data sent by the function module B, so that the transmission and forwarding of the data in the rotation triggering period are realized, or the synchronous updating of the data among multiple modules is performed.

When a next rotation triggering period comes, each functional module judges whether the module identification code of the functional module is matched with the current system identification code recorded by the functional module, and then timing of the next rotation triggering period can be started immediately, or a period of time can be waited for as a buffer and then timing of the next rotation triggering period is started.

It should be noted that, no matter what the result of the identification code judgment is, and no matter whether the function module sends data or receives data, the function module always performs repeated timing without interruption or pause as usual.

In fig. 1, when the communication system is powered on and n functional modules (i.e., hosts) start to operate and start to time synchronously, the module id of functional module A, B … … n is 1, 2 … … n in sequence, and the system id is 1 at this time, which is the same as the module id of functional module a.

When the timing reaches a first rotation triggering period (10ms), each functional module judges whether the module identification code of the functional module is the same as the system identification code, only the functional module A can obtain a judgment result with the same identification code at the moment, and the judgment results obtained by other functional modules are all judgment results with different identification codes. Therefore, the functional module A obtains the bus control right, broadcasts the data to be sent to the communication bus, and the functional modules B to n capture the packet and obtain the data.

After the first trigger cycle of the rotation is reached, each functional module will obtain a new system id, for example, the new system id is 2. And each functional module starts the next time immediately or starts the next time after a reserved time. Under the condition that each functional module immediately starts the next period of timing, the actions of broadcasting data and packet capturing data of each functional module occur at the initial moment of the next period of timing time, and under the condition that each functional module starts the next period of timing after a reserved period of time, the actions of broadcasting data and packet capturing data of each functional module occur in the reserved period of time.

When each functional module reaches the second rotation trigger period (20ms), the functional module B obtains the bus control right and broadcasts the data to be sent of the functional module B to the communication bus, and other functional modules receive the data. And repeating the following processes until the functional module n is used as the last functional module for sending data in a module rotation period when the timing reaches the nth rotation triggering period, and capturing the data broadcasted by other functional modules before the functional module n is used as the last functional module for sending data in the module rotation period. Therefore, the functional module n sends data after obtaining the bus control right, and data transmission among the modules in a module cycle is completed.

Under the communication mechanism, the multiple hosts are all hosts, compared with the traditional PLC master-slave module architecture and the communication mechanism competing for communication authority, a PLC does not need to be set as the brain of the system for master control, the master-slave relation between modules is cancelled, the requirement on the data throughput capacity is reduced, the improvement on the overall stability and operability of the system is obtained through certain data transmission real-time performance, and the method can be more suitably applied to the scenes that the data acquisition period and the control requirement on equipment are not very high.

When the functional module B fails to operate normally, or the functional module B is not powered on from the beginning, when the timing reaches the second 10ms, the functional module B fails to broadcast data outwards, and other functional modules do not capture any data, but the timing of other functional modules is not affected, so that the functional module B is skipped when the functional module B obtains the bus control right every time, and after a 10ms interval, the data transceiving operation is continued from the functional module C. That is, the duration of the module rotation period may be constant no matter how many functional modules are malfunctioning or not powered on, and data transmission between other functional modules is not affected.

As can be seen from the above, the multi-host communication system disclosed in this embodiment adopts a bus topology structure in the wiring, so that the cable usage and the wiring workload are saved compared with the conventional PLC single-host control in which signal lines need to be led out from the host to each module external device; in the communication mechanism, a mechanism of a master module and a slave module is cancelled, the modules are equal in position without competing authority, each functional module can be regarded as a host, the communication is controlled by multiple hosts together, only one host broadcasts data on a bus at the same time, the requirement on data throughput capacity is reduced, and meanwhile, data collision on the bus is avoided; moreover, the hosts are independent from each other and do not generate interference, and the host rotation, data receiving and sending and data transmission of the communication bus of other normal hosts cannot be influenced when any host fails; when the function or the peripheral of a certain host is added, only the interface and the program of the host need to be added and changed, and other hosts do not need to be changed; in addition, the time sequence of the communication bus does not need to be uniformly controlled through a host at a certain upper level, the host control is realized by all the hosts together, the condition that the communication bus is paralyzed due to the fault of a single host is avoided, the modularization of a communication program is realized, and no matter what function is realized by a functional module, a data transmission program is consistent and does not need to be changed.

In one embodiment, after determining whether the identification codes match, each functional module obtains a new identification code according to a preset identification code rotation rule, and uses the new identification code as the current identification code of the communication system of the functional module.

How the system identification code changes is determined by the identification code rotation rule. The identification code rotation rule may be an algorithm that enables the numbers or characters to be circulated in a limited way and the numbers or characters circulated each time are fixed, and may be a rule that controls the identification code of the system to change the number size in a cycle, for example.

The identification code rotation rules of each functional module are the same, so that the new identification codes (system identification codes) obtained in the identification code judgment matching action at the same moment are all the same.

In one embodiment, the identification code rotation rule may be in either of the following two ways.

The first method comprises the following steps: the communication system has a corresponding set of identification codes, which is composed of unique identification codes of all functional modules of the communication system, and the identification codes in the set are usually sorted in a certain order. The identification code set can be stored in each functional module, and each functional module extracts the next sequential identification code of the current identification code of the communication system of the functional module from the identification code set according to a preset sequence to serve as a new identification code. It should be noted that the next sequential identification code of the identification codes at the end of the sequence in the set is the first identification code in the set, so as to implement the cycle of the identification codes. E.g., 4, 3, 7, the system id is in the order of 4-3-7-4-3-7 … ….

And the second method comprises the following steps: each functional module performs addition operation or subtraction operation on the current identification code of the communication system of the functional module and a set constant, performs remainder taking operation on the number of the functional modules by using the obtained operation result, and uses the obtained remainder as a new identification code. For example, in fig. 1, the communication system includes n functional modules, and the module id is sequentially 0 to n-1, and the setting constant is set to 1. Assuming that n is 10 and the current system identification code is 3, when the identification code rotation is performed, each function module calculates that the new system identification code is (3+ 1)% 10 is 4, and assuming that the current system identification code is 9, when the identification code rotation is performed, each function module calculates that the new system identification code is (9+ 1)% 10 is 0, thereby realizing the circulation of the identification codes. If the module identification codes of the functional modules are 1-10 in sequence, a new identification code is calculated to be 1 when the current system identification code is 10 by taking remainder operation in the same way, and the circulation of the identification codes is also realized.

In summary, because the system identification code is only circulated in the identification code set formed by the identification codes of the modules, or the system identification code is only circulated among expected numbers when changing according to the set operation rule, when a trigger period of one round of movement is reached, a corresponding functional module obtains the bus control right, the situation that the calculated system identification code is not matched with all functional modules in the communication system does not occur, and after one circulation of the system identification code is completed, each functional module just obtains the bus control right.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, each functional module includes a delay timing unit and an identification rotation unit.

Taking the functional module a in fig. 2 as an example, the delay timing unit a is configured to repeatedly perform timing with a target time length of the rotation trigger period, and the timing of the delay timing units of the functional modules is synchronized. And when the timing duration of the delay timing unit A reaches the rotation triggering period, triggering the identification rotation unit A to judge the identification code. And, the identification rotation unit a may be responsible for recording the current identification code of the communication system of the functional module a.

The identification rotation unit a is configured to be triggered by the delay timer unit a when a rotation trigger period is reached, and determine whether the identification code (module identification code) of the functional module a matches the current identification code (system identification code recorded by the functional module a) of the communication system. In addition, after the identification code is judged to be finished, the identification rotation unit A obtains a new identification code according to a preset identification code rotation rule and uses the new identification code as the current identification code of the communication system of the functional module. And the identification rotation units of other functional modules are also responsible for obtaining new identification codes and are used as the system identification codes of the corresponding functional modules.

In one embodiment, each functional module further comprises a timeout timer unit. When the time delay timing unit of each functional module starts to time, the overtime timing unit of each functional module also starts to time. Taking the functional module a in fig. 2 as an example, the timeout timer unit a is configured to start timing synchronously with the delay timer unit a. The set timeout period is longer than the rotation triggering period, the rotation triggering period can be 10ms, and the set timeout period is longer than the rotation triggering period and can be 25 ms.

When the timing of the delay timing unit A reaches the polling trigger period, the delay timing unit A can stop continuing timing, and when the identification polling unit A judges that the identification codes are matched, the functional module A can send data to the communication bus, if the functional module A sends the data, the timing duration of the timeout timing unit A does not reach the set timeout duration, that is, the functional module A sends the data within the time difference (15ms) between the set timeout duration and the polling trigger period, the functional module A judges that the functional module A sends the data in time, and at this time, the delay timing unit A and the timeout timing unit A both restart the next polling. And because the functional module without the bus control right also receives the data sent by the functional module a within the time difference (15ms), the functional modules are judged to receive the data in time, and therefore the delay timing units and the overtime timing units of the functional modules also restart the delay timing and the overtime timing of the next round simultaneously with the functional module a, and a data receiving and sending period under the condition of no overtime is completed.

However, considering that a delay or a fault may occur, assuming that the functional module a has a fault, when the identification rotation unit a determines that the identification codes are matched and the timing duration reaches the set timeout duration, the functional module a does not yet send data, and it is determined that the functional module a does not send data through the communication bus, and at this time, the functional module a has timed out (exceeds 25ms), so that the data sending right of the functional module a is abandoned, and the next round of timing and permission transfer continues to be performed.

Because the above-mentioned functional module a has a delay or a fault, other functional modules except the functional module a cannot receive the data that the first transceiver unit a cannot send within the set timeout period, and therefore, when the respective identifier rotation unit determines that the identifiers are not matched and the timing period reaches the set timeout period, the other functional modules determine that the respective functional modules do not receive the data sent by the functional module a (that is, the functional module whose identifier matches the current identifier of the communication system). So that the other functional modules, in the case of having timed out (exceeding 25ms), will also abandon the continuing waiting for the reception of the data broadcast on the communication bus, but will continue the next round of timing and rights transfer,

therefore, the timeout timer units of the functional modules without bus control will trigger the respective delay timer units to immediately start the next round of timing, and trigger the respective identity rotation units to obtain the new system identity codes according to the identity code rotation rule, which is equivalent to skip the failed functional module a and continue to transmit data of the next functional module.

The method and the device finish data broadcasting and data packet capturing by setting the set overtime length to give certain special time to each functional module, avoid the situation that the acquired data cannot be broadcasted to a communication bus in time due to too short time, and enable the current functional module to lose the bus control right and forcibly start the next round of rotation of the system identification code of delay timing and overtime timing when the data broadcasting and the data packet capturing are not finished in the special time, and keep the communication system to continue to operate.

In one embodiment, when the communication system is powered on, each functional module is also powered on. In order to establish the order in which the functional modules send data to the communication bus in turn after startup, one of the following two ways may be adopted.

The first method comprises the following steps: taking fig. 2 as an example, after the functional module is started, each identification rotation unit immediately determines whether the unique identification code of the functional module is the first cis-position identification code. The first order identification code refers to the identification code with the highest order in a sequence (identification code set) formed by the unique identification codes of all the functional modules, namely the first order identification code, and the identification code with the smallest number can be used as the first order identification code.

Taking the functional module a as an example, assuming that the functional module a determines that the unique identification code of the functional module a is the first cis-position identification code, the delay timing unit a starts timing, and uses the first cis-position identification code as the current identification code of the communication system, at this time, when the timing of the delay timing unit a reaches the rotation trigger period, the functional module a determines that the identification code of the functional module a is the same as the current identification code of the communication system, and sends data to the communication bus.

At this time, other functional modules do not have the first cis-position identification code, so that in order to avoid data collision on the communication bus, the other functional modules judge that the unique identification code of the other functional modules is not the first cis-position identification code, and the functional modules are in a waiting state until the functional modules (namely the functional modules A) with the first cis-position identification code on the communication bus send data, the time of the sent data is used as the timing reference of the respective delay timing unit, and the respective delay timing unit is triggered to start timing so as to start the next round of delay timing. At this time, the functional module with the first cis-position identification code just starts the next time counting because the functional module just sends data, so that the time counting synchronization and the identification code synchronization of all the functional modules are realized.

The method adopts the mode of preassigning the functional module which sends data at the head to establish the initial communication order, realizes that the functional module with the first priority identification code obtains the bus control right at first when the system is started, and then the current identification code of the communication system is determined, so the timing and the identification code of each functional module are in a synchronous state, and the normal operation of the communication mechanism of the communication system is ensured.

And the second method comprises the following steps: continuing with the example of fig. 2, after the functional module is started, the delay timer unit starts to count time for the first time. Since the time points of the power-on start are different, the start times of the timing of the functional modules may deviate.

Taking the functional module a as an example, assuming that the delay timing unit a of the functional module a does not receive data sent by other functional modules on the communication bus during the period when the timing reaches the polling trigger period, it indicates that the delay timing unit a starts timing at the earliest time, because it reaches 10ms at the first, the functional module started at the earliest time can obtain the initial bus control. Therefore, the identification rotation unit A judges the identification code by taking the unique identification code of the functional module A as the current identification code of the communication system, so that the functional module A reasonably has the bus control right according to the judgment result and represents that the timing reference of other functional modules is formed. At this time, the functional module a broadcasts the data acquired within 10ms to the communication bus.

The other functional modules receive the data sent by the functional module A on the communication bus before the timing reaches the rotation triggering period because the starting time of the other functional modules is later than that of the functional module A, and at the moment, because the timing reference is formed, the other functional modules need to adjust the self timing according to the reference to be synchronous with the functional module A, namely, the identification rotation unit takes the next sequential identification code of the unique identification code of the functional module A as the current identification code of the communication system, and takes the time of receiving the sent data as the starting time of the next rotation of the delay timing unit to immediately start the next rotation. At this time, the functional module a just starts the next round of rotation because the functional module a just sends data, so that the timing synchronization and the identification code synchronization of all the functional modules are realized.

In the method, the function module which finishes timing firstly is used as the function module which sends data at the head after the system is started to establish an initial communication order, the function module which is started firstly obtains the bus control right when the system is started every time, and then the current identification code of the communication system is determined, so that the timing and the identification code of each function module are in a synchronous state, and the communication mechanism of the communication system is ensured to be normally carried out.

A second embodiment of the distributed multi-master communication system disclosed in the present application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 3 to 4. As shown in fig. 3, the communication system disclosed in this embodiment mainly includes a plurality of functional modules, the connection relationship and the constituent units of the functional modules in this embodiment are the same as those of the functional modules in the first embodiment of the communication system, and the manner of data acquisition by directly extracting stored data, the obtaining of the module identification code, and the identification code rotation rule of the functional modules in data application are also the same as those of the first embodiment of the communication system, and the same description of the functional modules is not repeated here.

The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment of the communication system mainly in that all the functional modules are lower level control modules. The lower control module comprises a first transceiver unit besides a general delay timing unit and an identification rotation unit in the functional module, and the first transceiver unit is unique to the lower control module. It is understood that the lower control module may also include a timeout timer unit.

The lower control module can be connected with one or more functional devices and is responsible for acquiring and recording data acquired by the functional devices, and the functional modules of other types can also be connected with other objects such as an upper computer system and the like without being connected with the functional devices, so that the function of communicating with the outside is achieved.

The first transceiving unit is configured to transmit data acquired from the function device to other lower control modules within the communication system through the communication bus when the present lower control module determines that the identification codes match, and to receive data transmitted from a lower control module whose identification code uniquely matches the current identification code of the communication system through the communication bus when the present lower control module determines that the identification codes do not match. That is, the communication between the lower control module and the other lower control modules is performed by the first transceiver unit.

Because there is more than one lower control module, each lower control module can be connected with corresponding functional equipment, and the connection mode can be wired or wireless. The data transmitted between the lower control modules are required or provided by the functional devices, the functions of the functional devices are different, and the data transmitted by the lower control modules are also different. For example, the functional device may be a lower computer, a sensor, a storage server, or the like. It is to be understood that the lower control module may also be an empty node, i.e. not connected to any functional device.

As shown in fig. 3, taking the lower control module a as an example, the delay timing unit a is configured to repeatedly time with the rotation trigger period as a target duration in synchronization with other delay timing units, and when the timing duration reaches the rotation trigger period, the trigger rotation unit a performs identification code judgment.

The identification rotation unit a may be responsible for recording the communication system current identification code (system identification code) of the lower control module a. The identification wheel moving unit A is triggered by the delay timing unit A to judge the identification code, and the judgment comprises the following steps: the trigger identification rotation unit A judges whether the unique identification code (module identification code) of the lower control module A is matched with the current identification code of the communication system (namely the current system identification code recorded by the lower control module A), and triggers the first transceiving unit A to perform corresponding data transceiving according to the judgment result;

when the identification code rotation unit a determines that the identification codes do not match, that is, when the lower control module a does not obtain the bus control right, the first transceiver unit a receives data broadcast by a function module (for example, the lower control module B) whose identification code matches the current identification code of the communication system, through the communication bus.

When the identification code rotation unit a determines that the identification codes match, that is, when the lower control module a obtains the bus control right, the first transceiver unit a transmits data acquired from the function device, such as temperature data, altitude data, and the like, to the other lower control modules in the communication system through the communication bus via the communication bus.

When the subordinate control module includes the timeout timer unit, the timeout timer unit is the same as the record in the first embodiment of the communication system, and the first round of timing and permission obtaining manner after the communication system is started may also be the same as the record in the first embodiment of the communication system, which is not described herein again.

In one embodiment, the lower control module further comprises a data acquisition unit and a first storage unit. The data acquisition unit is configured to acquire data generated by a functional device connected to the local subordinate control module, and the first storage unit is configured to store the data acquired by the data acquisition unit. Specifically, the data acquisition unit may include a signal conditioning circuit, a sample-and-hold circuit, an a/D converter, and the like, and the first storage unit may implement data storage by using a single chip microcomputer memory.

The lower control module is connected with different types of functional equipment according to different use scenes of the communication system. The functional device may be a detection device, an execution device, or a device having both detection and execution functions, the detection device is, for example, a temperature detection device and a pressure detection device for detecting an environmental parameter, and the execution device is, for example, a lifting device controlled to perform a corresponding action. It is understood that only a part of the subordinate control modules in a communication system may be connected to the functional devices, and some subordinate control modules may not be connected to any devices, for example, in the case of more subordinate control modules and less functional devices.

The data generated by the functional device includes: status data of the functional device, and/or detection data collected by the functional device. The data acquired from the functional device and transmitted by the first transceiving unit comprises data generated by the functional device.

Taking fig. 4 as an example, the lower control module a is connected to two temperature detection devices, and since the temperature detection devices belong to the detection devices, the data generated by the functional device at this time is the detection data collected by the functional device, that is, the ambient temperature collected by the temperature detection device. The temperature detection equipment can periodically collect the ambient temperature and feed back the ambient temperature to the data acquisition unit A, so that the communication system can collect the temperature data. The data acquisition unit A acquires the temperature data and then sends the temperature data to the first storage unit A for storage.

When the lower control module B is connected to an execution device, i.e. a lifting device in the figure, the data generated by the lifting device mainly includes the status data of the function device, i.e. the lifting status or lifting height of the lifting device. The lower control module B therefore acquires data different from the data acquired by the lower control module a.

The lower control module stores data sent by the module to other functional modules in the system and other data sent by the functional modules through the first storage unit, and directly extracts the data stored in the first storage unit to obtain the data when the sent data or the received sent data are required to be processed, operated and the like so as to realize the functions of judgment, analysis, control and the like, so that the communication to the corresponding functional module is not required to be initiated, the data required by the module is not required to be sent to the module by the corresponding functional module, and the communication time and the data transmission time with other functional modules are saved.

Each first storage unit can be provided with a data mapping table, and the data acquired by the data acquisition unit and the data sent by other lower control modules captured by the packet are stored through the data mapping table. For the completed module rotation periods, the data collected in these periods stored in the data mapping table of each lower control module may be the same.

In one embodiment, the data transmitted by the first transceiving unit comprises: the first storage unit stores data generated by the function device from the time the present subordinate control module is determined to have the identification code matched.

Taking the lower control module a in fig. 4 as an example, when the identification rotation unit a determines that the module identification code matches the system identification code, the lower control module a that has obtained the bus control right takes out the temperature data detected by the temperature detection device, which is obtained in the time period from the last time of obtaining the bus control right to the current time of obtaining the bus control right, from the data mapping table and broadcasts the data to the communication bus, so that other lower control modules in the communication system, including the lower control module, capture packets and store the packets in respective first storage units, thereby implementing synchronous update of the data obtained by the lower control module a by the other lower control modules in the rotation trigger period.

The time from the last bus control right acquisition to the current bus control right acquisition of the lower control module is just one module rotation period.

When the identification rotation unit A judges that the module identification code is not matched with the system identification code, the lower control module A which does not obtain the bus control right captures data which is broadcasted to the communication bus by the lower control module which obtains the bus control right, wherein the data is detection data and/or state data which are obtained by the lower control module which obtains the bus control right in the previous module rotation period. The lower control module a and all the lower control modules which do not obtain the bus control right capture the packet to the data and record the packet in respective data mapping tables, and synchronous update of the data obtained by all the lower control modules in the rotation triggering period is also realized.

At the end of just one module rotation cycle, the data stored in the first storage unit of each lower control module in the same communication system is the same, that is, each lower control module stores the detection data and the status data of all the functional devices at the lower end of the communication system.

In one embodiment, the lower control module further includes a function control unit configured to store a control program of a function device connected to the lower control module and control the function device to execute a corresponding function.

Taking fig. 4 as an example, the function control unit a stores a control program of the temperature detection device connected to the lower control module a, and controls the temperature detection device to perform the temperature measurement function. The control program of the function control unit a may include: the ambient temperature is detected every 5ms and uploaded to the data acquisition unit a.

The functions implemented by the different lower control modules are different, and the functions comprise: the functions include data acquisition, and/or data telecommunication, and/or switching of the device, and/or translation of the assembly, and/or rotation of the assembly, and/or how strongly the device performs the respective function. The intensity degree refers to the energy used when the executing equipment executes actions, such as controlling the brightness of a lighting lamp, if the intensity degree is large, the brightness is large, otherwise, the brightness is small, such as controlling the rotating speed of a motor, if the intensity degree is large, the rotating speed is high, and if the intensity degree is large, the rotating speed is low.

The function control unit realizes the action control of the lower detection equipment and the lower execution equipment, and can be matched with the existing data acquisition unit and the like to ensure that the application scene and the use function of the communication system are more flexible and diversified.

In one embodiment, the function control unit is configured to store control programs of all types of function devices in the communication system, and when a function device connected to the local lower control module is changed, activate a control program corresponding to the changed function device to control the function device to execute the corresponding function.

Continuing with the example of fig. 4, when the communication system simultaneously includes the temperature detection device, the lifting device, and the lighting device, the control programs stored in the function control units of the lower control module a, the lower control module B, and the lower control module n may simultaneously include a program for controlling the temperature detection device to collect temperature, a program for controlling the lifting device to lift under a specific condition, a program for controlling the lifting device to feed back the current height of the lifting device, a program for controlling the lighting device to adjust the brightness under a specific condition, and a program for controlling the lighting device to feed back the current brightness of the lighting device. Therefore, when the working conditions are changed, the functional devices connected with the lower control module a and the lower control module B need to be exchanged, and the program does not need to be written into the lower control module a and the lower control module B again, but the corresponding program segments are directly activated, so that the maintenance time of the system is prolonged.

It can be understood that the control program of the function device not connected to the communication system may also be written into each lower control module in advance, so that when a new kind of function device is added to the communication system, the program does not need to be written into the corresponding lower control module again, but the corresponding program segment is directly activated, thereby improving the maintenance time of the system.

In this embodiment, after the communication system is powered on, the n lower control modules (i.e., the hosts) start to operate and each of the identification rotation units synchronously count time. When the timing reaches the first 10ms, the first storage unit of each lower control module respectively stores the functional device related data acquired by the data acquisition unit of each lower control module within the 10 ms. After the identification code judgment is carried out by the identification wheel unit, when the lower control module A obtains the bus control right, the temperature data collected within 10ms is broadcasted to the communication bus, and the lower control modules B to n capture the temperature data and store the temperature data in respective first storage units.

And when the timing reaches a second 10ms, the first storage unit of the lower control module B stores the lifting state data of the lifting device acquired by the data acquisition unit within the 20ms, and the first storage units of the other lower control modules except the lower control module B respectively store the functional device related data acquired by the respective data acquisition units within the second 10 ms. After identification code judgment is carried out by the identification wheel unit, the lower control module B obtains the bus control right, the lifting state data collected within 20ms are broadcasted to the communication bus, and the lifting state data are captured by the lower control modules except B in the lower control modules A-n and stored in respective first storage units.

And repeating the following processes until the timing reaches the nth 10ms, wherein the lower control module n always captures data broadcasted by other lower control modules in the module rotation period before, so that the current lower control module n is the lower control module with the most data, and has more data related to the functional equipment connected with the current lower control module than the other lower control modules. After the identification code judgment is carried out by the identification rotation unit, the lower control module n obtains the bus control right and broadcasts the relevant data of the functional equipment collected within n x 10ms to the communication bus. In this case, the first storage units of all the lower control modules store the same functional device-related data, but the storage timings of the same data stored in the first storage units of all the lower control modules are not completely the same for different lower control modules.

After the first round of module rotation cycle is completed, when the lower control module obtains the bus control right and broadcasts data, the amount of the data broadcasted by the lower control module is the data related to the functional device acquired within the last n × 10ms, for example, when the lower control module a broadcasts data on the communication bus for the second time, the data broadcasted by the lower control module a is the data related to the functional device acquired by the data acquisition unit during the second 10ms to the n +1 th 10ms (n 10ms in total).

A third embodiment of the distributed multi-master communication system disclosed in the present application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 5. As shown in fig. 5, the communication system disclosed in this embodiment mainly includes a plurality of functional modules, and only some of the functional modules are lower level control modules.

In this embodiment, the connection relationship and the constituent units of the functional modules are the same as those of the functional module in the first embodiment of the communication system, and the manner of data acquisition by directly extracting stored data, the obtaining of the module identification code, and the identification code rotation rule of the functional module in data application are also the same as those of the first embodiment of the communication system, and the description of the same functional modules is omitted here for brevity. In addition, the connection relationship and the constituent units of the lower control modules in this embodiment are the same as those in the second embodiment of the communication system, the obtaining of the module identification codes and the identification code rotation rule are also the same as those in the second embodiment of the communication system, and the description of the same lower control modules is not repeated here.

The present embodiment is different from the second embodiment of the communication system described above mainly in that at least one of all the functional modules is a data interaction module, and therefore only a part of the functional modules are lower level control modules.

As shown in fig. 5, the communication system includes a plurality of lower control modules, and the lower control module a includes, for example, a delay timer unit a, an identification rotation unit a, a first transceiver unit a, and may further include a data acquisition unit a, a first storage unit a, a timeout timer unit a, and a function control unit a. When the lower control module includes a data acquisition unit a, a first storage unit a, an overtime timing unit a, or a function control unit a, these units are the same as those described in the first embodiment of the communication system, and the timing and permission acquisition manner in the first round after the communication system is started may also be the same as that described in the first embodiment of the communication system, which is not described herein again.

The communication system also comprises a data interaction module P, wherein the data interaction module P comprises a second transceiver unit besides the general delay timing unit P and the identification rotation unit P in the functional module, and the second transceiver unit is unique to the data interaction module.

The second transceiver unit is configured to send a control instruction received from the upper computer system to other functional modules in the communication system through the communication bus when the data interaction module determines that the identification codes are matched, and receive data sent by the functional module, of which the identification code is uniquely matched with the current identification code of the communication system, through the communication bus when the data interaction module determines that the identification codes are not matched.

Different from the lower control module, the data interaction module is used for sending the data acquired by each lower control module in the communication system to the upper computer system, the upper computer system processes, analyzes and records the data, generates a corresponding control instruction under the condition of requirement and sends the control instruction to the data interaction module, and the data interaction module broadcasts the control instruction to each lower control module to execute the instruction.

As shown in fig. 5, the delay timing unit P is configured to repeatedly time synchronously with the rotation trigger period as a target time length, and when the timing time length reaches the rotation trigger period, the identifier rotation unit P is triggered to perform identification code judgment.

The identity rotation unit P may be responsible for recording a current identity code (system identity code) of the communication system of the data interaction module P. The judgment that the identification wheel moving unit P is triggered by the delay timing unit P to carry out the identification code comprises the following steps: the trigger triggering module polling unit P determines whether the unique identification code (module identification code) of the data interaction module P matches the current identification code of the communication system (i.e., the current system identification code recorded by the data interaction module P), and triggers the second transceiving unit P to perform corresponding data transceiving according to the determination result.

When the identification rotation unit P determines that the identification codes do not match, that is, when the data interaction module P does not obtain the bus control right, the second transceiver unit P receives data broadcast by a lower control module (for example, the lower control module a) whose identification code matches the current identification code of the communication system through the communication bus.

The data interaction unit P is also configured to receive a control instruction sent by the upper computer system, and the time for receiving the instruction is not influenced by the cycle triggering period. When the identification rotation unit P determines that the identification codes match, that is, when the data interaction module P obtains the bus control right, the second transceiver unit P sends a control instruction to other functional modules (mainly, each lower control module) in the system through the communication bus. The lower control module may select an instruction adapted to itself from the instructions and execute the instruction, for example, turn on or off some functions of the lower control module, adjust the operating power of the lower control module, switch the operating mode of the lower control module, and the like.

The data interaction module participates in the change of the identification code and the rotation of the bus control right like the lower control module, and the difference is that when the lower control module has the bus control right, the lower control module sends the acquired data to realize data sharing, and when the data interaction module has the bus control right, the data interaction module sends a control instruction sent by the upper computer system to realize the control of the functional equipment. And when the bus control right is not available, the actions of the lower control module and the data interaction module are to capture and package the data broadcasted on the bus and store the data respectively.

When the data interaction module includes the timeout timing unit, the timeout timing unit is the same as the above-mentioned record in the first embodiment of the communication system, and is not described herein again.

In one embodiment, the data interaction module further comprises a second storage unit and a data interaction unit.

The second storage unit is configured to store data sent by other functional modules (lower control modules and other data interaction modules) in the communication system through the communication bus, and the data interaction unit is configured to upload the data sent by the functional modules stored in the second storage unit to the upper computer system. And the second transceiving unit and the second storage unit are used for recording data broadcast by all the lower control modules in the system module rotation period so as to upload the data to an upper computer system and upload the communication data of the lower end.

The data interaction unit also receives a control instruction sent by the upper computer system, and the second storage unit also stores the control instruction received by the data interaction unit, so that the remote control of the communication system and the connected functional equipment is realized.

The data interaction module stores data sent by the module to other functional modules in the system and data sent by the other functional modules through the second storage unit, and when the sent data or the received sent data are required to be processed, operated and the like to further realize functions of judgment, analysis, control and the like, the data interaction module directly extracts the data stored in the second storage unit to acquire the data, so that the data interaction module is not required to initiate communication to the corresponding functional module and further is not required to enable the corresponding functional module to send the data required by the module to the module, and the communication time and the data transmission time with other functional modules are saved.

The second storage unit may perform data storage through a data mapping table. The second storage unit can adopt a singlechip memory to realize data storage. The data acquisition unit may include signal conditioning circuitry, sample and hold circuitry, a/D converters, and the like. For the completed module rotation periods, the functional device data collected and acquired in the periods, which are stored in the data mapping tables of the lower control modules and the data interaction modules, may be the same.

In one embodiment, the host computer system may include a cloud platform remotely connected to the data interaction unit. The data interaction unit may be connected to the cloud platform through a GPRS (General packet radio service).

After receiving the data such as the operating state, the working mode, the started function and the like sent by the data interaction unit P, the cloud platform can correspondingly record and process the data, generate a control instruction after reaching a corresponding preset condition, and send the control instruction to a communication bus of the communication system through the data interaction unit P, so that the lower control module which needs to be changed executes the control instruction to change the operating state, the working mode, the started function and the like.

In an embodiment, the data interaction module may further include a display unit, and the display unit is configured to display the data stored in the second storage unit and/or the content of the control instruction received by the data interaction unit. The display unit may be disposed locally in the communication system, and the display unit may display data, for example, display the operation status data of the lower control module, and may be used for field monitoring.

The data interaction module can also comprise a human-computer interaction unit, and the human-computer interaction unit is configured to receive local external input and generate a corresponding control instruction according to the local external input. The man-machine interaction unit can be arranged in the local of the communication system, and inputs a control instruction through the man-machine interaction unit so as to quickly control the lower control module and the data interaction module to execute actions, thereby providing another module control mode except for an upper computer system.

In a scenario where the present embodiment is applied to device control, as shown in fig. 5, data sent by the data interaction module P to the upper computer system includes all collected data related to the functional device in the communication system, such as temperature data collected by the temperature detection device and height data of the lifting device, after the upper computer system receives the data, the data can be recorded and processed correspondingly, and a control instruction is generated after a corresponding preset condition is achieved, and the control instruction is sent to the communication bus of the communication system through the data interaction unit P, so that the lower control module A, B and the like can be controlled and upgraded, and control over the functional device is updated, such as changing a temperature collection period of the temperature detection device, changing a height of the lifting device each time, and the like. It can be understood that the functional device is normally controlled by the control program in the corresponding lower control module functional control unit, and the control instruction sent by the upper computer system is mainly used for temporary control, program update, and the like.

The data displayed by the display unit can also comprise state data of the functional equipment and detection data collected by the functional equipment, so as to be used for field monitoring.

The following is an example of a practical scenario in which the present embodiment is applied in a toilet:

in the toilet, a human body detection sensor and a lower control module A, a light ray detection sensor and a lower control module B, and a lighting lamp and a lower control module C are arranged, and the modules are connected through a bus to form a communication system. The lower control module C obtains the human body detection state obtained by the lower control module A and the light brightness state obtained by the lower control module B from the data mapping table. When people are detected in the toilet and the light is insufficient, the control program of the lower control module C controls the lighting lamp to automatically start lighting; when no person or enough light in the toilet is detected, the control program controls the lighting lamp to automatically turn off the lighting.

If ventilation equipment needs to be added to the toilet, a ventilation fan needs to be installed, a lower control module D is added in the communication system, and the lower control module D is connected to the bus. After the lower control module D is connected to the bus, the lower control modules a to C all obtain the ventilator state data acquired by the lower control module D, and the lower control module D also obtains the human body detection state, the light brightness state, and the lighting fixture state. The lower control module D is internally provided with an air exchange fan control program, and when people are detected in the toilet, the air exchange fan is automatically controlled to be started; and when the person leaves the toilet for 30 seconds, the ventilation fan is automatically controlled to be closed. Although the light brightness state and the lighting fixture state are not used by the lower control module D when controlling the device, the data is still stored in the data mapping table of the lower control module D.

The indoor data interaction module E can be further installed, the data interaction module E uploads data collected by the lower control modules A-D to the cloud server regularly, the cloud server processes and analyzes the data, the frequency of human body detection in a daily toilet is found to be too low, and the data interaction module is combined with other data to judge that the data is not caused by indoor nobody, so that the cloud server issues a control instruction to the data interaction module, the data interaction module is sent to the lower control module A through a communication bus, the lower control module A adjusts the sensitivity of the human body detection sensor to be high according to the control instruction, and even directly modifies a control program related to the human body detection sensor in the lower control module A.

A first embodiment of the functional modules of the distributed communication system disclosed in the present application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 2. The functional module in this embodiment is the functional module in the first embodiment of the communication system.

The function module sends data to other function modules in the system and receives data sent by other function modules in the system in a rotating mode in a self-adaptive mode. And each functional module stores data sent by the functional module to other functional modules in the system and data sent by the other functional modules, and directly extracts the data stored by the functional module to acquire the data when applying the data (processing, computing and other applications to the sent data or the received sent data to realize the functions of judgment, analysis, control and the like), so that communication with the corresponding functional module is not needed, the communication time and the data transmission time with other functional modules are saved, and the types and the data amount of the stored data can meet the requirements on data processing in all possible application scenes.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the functional module has a unique identification code, and the functional module performs repeated timing, and determines whether the unique identification code matches with the current identification code of the communication system when the timing duration reaches the polling trigger period; when the identification codes are judged to be matched, data is sent out through the communication bus, and when the identification codes are judged not to be matched, the sent data is received through the communication bus. According to different types of functional modules, data sent out through the communication bus and data received from the communication bus are different.

In one embodiment, after determining whether the identification codes match, the functional module obtains a new identification code according to a preset identification code rotation rule, and uses the new identification code as the current identification code of the communication system.

In one embodiment, the identification code rotation rule employs one of the following:

and extracting the next cis-position identification code of the current identification code of the communication system as a new identification code according to a preset sequence from an identification code set consisting of the unique identification codes of all the functional modules of the communication system.

Or, the current identification code of the communication system and a set constant are subjected to addition operation or subtraction operation, the obtained operation result is used for carrying out remainder operation on the number of the functional modules, and the obtained remainder is used as a new identification code.

As shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment, taking the functional module a as an example, the functional module a includes a delay timer unit a and an identification rotation unit a. Wherein, the delay timing unit A is configured to perform repeated timing with the rotation triggering period as the target duration. The identification rotation unit A is configured to be triggered by the delay timing unit A when a rotation triggering period is reached, and whether the identification code is matched with the current identification code of the communication system is judged.

In addition, the identification rotation unit A obtains a new identification code according to the identification code rotation rule after the judgment of the identification code is finished, and the new identification code is used as the current identification code of the communication system of the functional module.

In one embodiment, the functional module a further includes an overtime timing unit a configured to start timing in synchronization with the delay timing unit, and when the identification code is determined to match by the identification rotation unit and the timing length reaches the set overtime length, the functional module is determined not to send data outside through the communication bus, and when the identification code is determined to not match by the identification rotation unit and the timing length reaches the set overtime length, the functional module is determined not to receive the sent data through the communication bus. Wherein the set timeout period is longer than the cycle triggering period.

When the overtime timing unit judges that the functional module does not send data or receive the sent data, the time delay timing unit is triggered immediately to start next round of timing, and the identification rotation unit is triggered to obtain a new system identification code according to the identification code rotation rule.

In one embodiment, after the function module is started, the identification rotation unit immediately judges whether the unique identification code is a first cis-position identification code, if so, the delay timing unit starts timing, and uses the first cis-position identification code as the current identification code of the communication system, and if not, the delay rotation unit waits for data sent by the communication bus, uses the time of receiving the sent data as a timing reference, and triggers the delay timing unit to start timing.

Or after the functional module is started, the delay timing unit starts timing for the first time, if the functional module does not receive the sent data through the communication bus during the period when the timing reaches the rotation trigger period, the identification rotation unit judges the identification code by taking the unique identification code of the functional module as the current identification code of the communication system, and if the functional module receives the sent data through the communication bus before the timing reaches the rotation trigger period, the identification rotation unit takes the next sequential identification code of the unique identification code of the sent data object as the current identification code of the communication system, and takes the time for receiving the sent data as the starting time of the next rotation of the delay timing unit to immediately start the next rotation.

A second embodiment of the functional modules of the distributed communication system disclosed in the present application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 3 to 4. As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment includes the constituent elements and function implementation in the foregoing first embodiment of the functional module, and the difference from the foregoing first embodiment of the functional module is mainly that the functional module includes a first transceiver unit configured to transmit data acquired from the functional device to the outside via the communication bus when the present functional module determines that the identification codes match, and to receive the transmitted data via the communication bus when the present functional module determines that the identification codes do not match. When the first transceiver unit is used to transmit and receive data, the functional module is the lower control module in the second embodiment of the communication system.

As shown in fig. 4, in an embodiment, the function module further includes a data acquisition unit configured to acquire data generated by the function device connected to the function module, and a first storage unit configured to store the data acquired by the data acquisition unit, where the data acquired from the function device and transmitted by the first transceiver unit includes the data generated by the function device. Wherein the data generated by the functional device comprises: status data of the functional device, and/or detection data collected by the functional device. When the functional module is the lower control module in the second embodiment of the communication system, the data acquisition unit and the first storage unit are correspondingly started and cooperate with the first transceiver unit to perform respective functions.

In one embodiment, the first storage unit stores data using a data mapping table. For the completed module rotation periods, the data collected in these periods stored in the data mapping table of each lower control module may be the same.

In one embodiment, the data transmitted by the first transceiving unit comprises: the data generated by the function device stored in the first storage unit is obtained from the last time the present function module is determined to have the identification code matched.

In one embodiment, the function module further includes a function control unit configured to store a control program of a function device connected to the function module and control the function device to execute a corresponding function. Wherein the function comprises data acquisition, and/or data telecommunication, and/or switching of the device, and/or translation of the assembly, and/or rotation of the assembly, and/or the intensity of the corresponding function performed by the device. When the function module is the lower control module in the second embodiment of the communication system, the function control unit is correspondingly activated and cooperates with the first transceiver unit to execute respective functions.

In one embodiment, the function control unit is configured to store control programs of all types of function devices in the communication system, and when a function device connected to the function module is changed, activate a control program corresponding to the changed function device to control the function device to execute a corresponding function.

A third embodiment of the functional modules of the distributed communication system disclosed in the present application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 5. As shown in fig. 5, the present embodiment includes the constituent elements and function implementation in the foregoing first embodiment of the functional module, and the present embodiment mainly differs from the foregoing first embodiment of the functional module in that the functional module includes a second transceiver unit, and the second transceiver unit is configured to transmit a control instruction received from the upper computer system to the outside through the communication bus when the present functional module determines that the identification codes match, and to receive data transmitted through the communication bus when the present functional module determines that the identification codes do not match. When the second transceiving unit is used to transceive data, the functional module is the data interaction module in the third embodiment of the communication system. It can be understood that the functional module cannot be simultaneously a lower control module if it is a data interaction module, and cannot be simultaneously a data interaction module if it is a lower control module.

In one embodiment, the functional module further comprises a second storage unit and a data interaction unit. The second storage unit is configured to store data sent by other functional modules in the communication system through the communication bus and store control instructions received by the data interaction unit. The data interaction unit is configured to upload data sent by the functional modules stored in the second storage unit to the upper computer system and receive a control instruction sent by the upper computer system. When the functional module is the data interaction module in the third embodiment of the communication system, the second storage unit and the data interaction unit are correspondingly started and cooperate with the second transceiver unit to execute respective functions.

In one embodiment, the second storage unit stores the data using a data mapping table. For the completed module rotation periods, the functional device data collected and acquired in the periods, which are stored in the data mapping tables of the lower control modules and the data interaction modules, may be the same.

In one embodiment, the host computer system includes a cloud platform remotely connected to the data interaction unit.

In one embodiment, the functional module further includes a display unit configured to display the data stored in the second storage unit and/or the content of the control instruction received by the data interaction unit.

In one embodiment, the function module further includes a human-computer interaction unit configured to receive local external input and generate a corresponding control instruction according to the local external input.

A first embodiment of the distributed multi-master communication method disclosed in the present application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 6. This embodiment is used to implement the distributed multi-master communication system disclosed in the first embodiment of the communication system. As shown in fig. 6, the method is applied to a communication system including a plurality of functional modules, and the functional modules are connected to each other by a communication bus. The method comprises the following steps: each functional module transmits data to other functional modules in the system and receives data transmitted by other functional modules in the system in a rotating mode in a self-adaptive mode.

The method further comprises the following steps: each functional module stores the data sent to other functional modules in the system and the data sent by the other functional modules; when data is applied (the sent data or the received sent data is processed, operated and the like, and further functions of judgment, analysis, control and the like are realized), the data stored in the functional module is directly extracted for data acquisition.

Specifically, each functional module has a unique identification code. The functional module transmits data to other functional modules in the system and receives data transmitted by other functional modules in the system in a self-adaptive mode in a rotating mode comprises the following steps: a time delay timing step, wherein each functional module synchronously performs repeated timing; an identification rotation step, namely judging whether the unique identification code of the functional module is matched with the current identification code of the communication system when the timing duration reaches a rotation triggering period; and a data transceiving step of sending data to other functional modules in the communication system through the communication bus when the identification codes are judged to be matched, and receiving data sent by the functional module of which the identification code is uniquely matched with the current identification code of the communication system through the communication bus when the identification codes are judged not to be matched.

In one embodiment, after determining whether the identification codes match in the identification rotation step, each functional module obtains a new identification code according to a preset identification code rotation rule, and uses the new identification code as the current identification code of the communication system of the functional module.

In one embodiment, the identification code rotation rule employs one of the following: and extracting the next cis-position identification code of the current identification code of the communication system of the functional module from an identification code set consisting of the unique identification codes of all the functional modules of the communication system according to a preset sequence to be used as a new identification code. Or, the current identification code of the communication system of the functional module and a set constant are subjected to addition operation or subtraction operation, the obtained operation result is used for carrying out remainder operation on the number of the functional modules, and the obtained remainder is used as a new identification code.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and an overtime timing step for starting timing synchronously with the delay timing step, wherein when the identification rotation step judges that the identification codes are matched and the timing duration of the overtime timing step reaches the set overtime duration, the functional module does not send data through the communication bus, and when the identification rotation step judges that the identification codes are not matched and the timing duration of the overtime timing step reaches the set overtime duration, the functional module does not receive the data sent by the functional module of which the identification codes are matched with the current identification codes of the communication system. Wherein the set timeout period is longer than the cycle triggering period.

And in the overtime timing step, when the functional module is judged not to send data or not to receive the sent data, the next round of time delay timing is immediately started, and the functional module obtains a new system identification code according to an identification code rotation rule.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises: after the functional module is started, immediately judging whether the unique identification code of the functional module is a first cis-position identification code, if so, starting time delay and timing, and taking the first cis-position identification code as the current identification code of the communication system, and if not, waiting until a communication bus sends data, and taking the time of receiving the sent data as a timing reference and starting time delay and timing.

Or, after the functional module is started, starting the first time delay timing, if the functional module does not receive data sent by other functional modules on the communication bus during the period when the timing reaches the rotation trigger period, judging the identification code by taking the unique identification code of the functional module as the current identification code of the communication system, and if the functional module receives the data sent by other functional modules on the communication bus before the timing reaches the rotation trigger period, taking the next sequential identification code of the functional module with the identification code sent by the data as the current identification code of the communication system, and taking the time for receiving the data as the starting time of the next time delay timing to immediately start the next time delay timing.

A second embodiment of the distributed multi-master communication method disclosed in the present application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 7. This embodiment is used to implement the distributed multi-host communication system disclosed in the second embodiment of the communication system, and at least some of the functional modules are lower level control modules.

As shown in fig. 7, the communication method of the lower control module in this embodiment includes the method in the first embodiment of the multi-master communication method, and is different from the first embodiment of the multi-master communication method mainly in that the data transmitted to the other function modules in the communication system in the data transceiving step of the lower control module includes data acquired from the function device. It is understood that the present embodiment may also obtain a new identification code in the same manner as the aforementioned first embodiment of the multi-host communication method, and the rule of the rotation of the identification code, the step of the timeout timing, and the first rotation of the timing and the rotation of the authority after the system is powered on may also be the same as the first embodiment of the multi-host communication method.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and a first data acquisition and storage step, namely acquiring data generated by the functional equipment connected with the lower control module and storing the acquired data. And, the data acquired from the function device includes data generated by the function device. Wherein the data generated by the functional device comprises: status data of the functional device, and/or detection data collected by the functional device.

In one embodiment, the first data collection and storage step stores data using a data mapping table. The data collected and acquired in the periods stored in the data mapping table of each lower control module may be the same.

In one embodiment, the data transmitted to other functional modules in the communication system in the data transmission/reception step of the lower control module includes: the data generated by the functional device to be stored since the last time the present subordinate control module was determined to have the identification code matched.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and controlling the functional equipment to execute corresponding functions by utilizing the stored control program of the functional equipment connected with the lower control module.

Wherein the function comprises data acquisition, and/or data telecommunication, and/or switching of the device, and/or translation of the assembly, and/or rotation of the assembly, and/or the intensity of the corresponding function performed by the device.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises: when the function device connected with the lower control module is changed, the control program corresponding to the changed function device is activated from the stored control programs of all types of function devices of the communication system so as to control the function device to execute the corresponding function.

A third embodiment of the distributed multi-master communication method disclosed in the present application is described in detail below with reference to fig. 8. In this embodiment, when the distributed multi-master communication system disclosed in the third embodiment of the communication system is implemented, at least one of all the functional modules is a data interaction module, and therefore, only a part of the functional modules are lower level control modules.

As shown in fig. 8, the communication method between the lower control module and the data interaction module in this embodiment includes the methods in the first and second embodiments of the multi-host communication method, and the difference from the first embodiment of the multi-host communication method is mainly that the data sent to the other function modules in the communication system in the data transceiving step of the lower control module includes data acquired from the function device. The data transmitted to other functional modules in the communication system in the data transceiving step of the data interaction module comprises control instructions received from the upper computer system.

It is understood that the present embodiment may also obtain a new identification code in the same manner as the aforementioned first embodiment of the multi-host communication method, and the rule of the rotation of the identification code, the step of the timeout timing, and the first rotation of the timing and the rotation of the authority after the system is powered on may also be the same as the first embodiment of the multi-host communication method.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises: a second data storage and uploading step of storing the data received in the data transceiving step and uploading the data received in the data transceiving step to an upper computer system; and an instruction storage and sending step, namely storing the received control instruction and receiving the control instruction sent by the upper computer system.

In one embodiment, the second data storage uploading step stores data using a data mapping table. The functional device data collected and acquired in the periods stored in the data mapping tables of the lower control modules and the data interaction modules may be the same.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and displaying the data received and/or the received control instruction content in the stored data transceiving step.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and receiving local external input, and generating a corresponding control instruction according to the local external input.

The second embodiment of the communication system implements the methods disclosed in the first and second embodiments of the communication method, which are implemented mainly by the lower control module. The third embodiment of the communication system implements the first and second embodiments of the communication method and the method disclosed in the present embodiment, and is mainly implemented by the lower control module and the data interaction module, wherein the lower control module implements the methods of the first and second embodiments of the communication method, and the data interaction module implements the methods of the first and third embodiments of the communication method.

The first embodiment of the communication method of the distributed communication system functional module disclosed in the present application is described in detail below. This embodiment is used to implement the functional module disclosed in the first embodiment of the functional module.

The method comprises the following steps: and transmitting data to other functional modules in the system and receiving data transmitted by other functional modules in the system in a rotating mode in a self-adaptive mode.

Specifically, the functional module has a unique identification code. The step of alternately sending data to other function modules in the system and receiving data sent by other function modules in the system in a self-adaptive mode comprises the following steps: a time delay timing step, in which the functional module performs repeated timing; an identification rotation step, namely judging whether the unique identification code is matched with the current identification code of the communication system when the timing duration reaches a rotation triggering period; and a data transceiving step of sending out data through the communication bus when the identification codes are judged to be matched, and receiving the sent data through the communication bus when the identification codes are judged not to be matched.

In one embodiment, the identification code rotation rule employs one of the following: and extracting the next cis-position identification code of the current identification code of the communication system from the identification code set of the communication system according to a preset sequence to be used as a new identification code. Or, the current identification code of the communication system and a set constant are subjected to addition operation or subtraction operation, the obtained operation result is used for carrying out remainder operation on the number of the functional modules, and the obtained remainder is used as a new identification code.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and the overtime timing step is synchronous with the time delay timing unit to start timing, when the identification rotation step judges that the identification codes are matched and the timing duration reaches the set overtime duration, the judging functional module does not send data outwards through the communication bus, and when the identification rotation step judges that the identification codes are not matched and the timing duration of the overtime timing step reaches the set overtime duration, the judging functional module does not receive the sent data through the communication bus. Wherein the set timeout period is longer than the cycle triggering period.

And in the overtime timing step, when the functional module is judged not to send data or receive the sent data, the next round of time delay timing is started immediately, and the functional module obtains a new system identification code according to the identification code rotation rule.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises: after the functional module is started, whether the unique identification code is the first cis-position identification code is immediately judged, if the unique identification code is judged to be the first cis-position identification code, time delay timing is started, the first cis-position identification code is used as the current identification code of the communication system, if the unique identification code is not judged to be the first cis-position identification code, data sent to the communication bus is waited, the time of receiving the sent data is used as a timing reference, and time delay timing is started.

Or, after the functional module is started, starting first time delay timing, if the functional module does not receive the sent data through the communication bus during the period when the timing reaches the rotation trigger period, judging the identification code by taking the unique identification code of the functional module as the current identification code of the communication system, and if the functional module receives the sent data through the communication bus before the timing reaches the rotation trigger period, taking the next cis-position identification code of the unique identification code of the sent data object as the current identification code of the communication system, and taking the time for receiving the sent data as the starting time of the next rotation timing to immediately start the next rotation.

A second embodiment of the communication method of the distributed communication system functional module disclosed in the present application is described in detail below. This embodiment is used to implement the functional module disclosed in the second embodiment of the functional module, that is, the lower control module.

The communication method of the lower control module in the present embodiment includes the method in the first embodiment of the communication method of the functional module, and is different from the aforementioned first embodiment of the communication method of the functional module mainly in that the data transmitted to the outside through the communication bus in the data transceiving step of the functional module includes data acquired from the functional device. It is understood that the present embodiment may also obtain a new identification code in the same manner as the aforementioned first embodiment of the functional module communication method, and the rule of the rotation of the identification code, the step of the timeout timing, and the first rotation of the timing and the permission rotation after the system is powered on may also be the same as the first embodiment of the functional module communication method.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and a first data acquisition and storage step, namely acquiring data generated by the functional equipment connected with the functional module and storing the acquired data. And, the data acquired from the function device includes data generated by the function device. Wherein the data generated by the functional device comprises: status data of the functional device, and/or detection data collected by the functional device.

In one embodiment, the data sent out by the functional module in the data transceiving step includes: the data generated by the function device is stored since the last time the present function module was determined to have the identification code matched.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and controlling the functional equipment to execute corresponding functions by utilizing the stored control program of the functional equipment connected with the functional module. Wherein the function comprises data acquisition, and/or data telecommunication, and/or switching of the device, and/or translation of the assembly, and/or rotation of the assembly, and/or the intensity of the corresponding function performed by the device.

In one embodiment, the method further comprises: when the function device connected with the function module is changed, the control program corresponding to the changed function device is activated from the stored control programs of all types of function devices of the communication system so as to control the function device to execute the corresponding function.

A third embodiment of the communication method of the distributed communication system functional module disclosed in the present application is described in detail below. This embodiment is used to implement the functional module disclosed in the third embodiment of the aforementioned functional module, that is, the data interaction module.

The communication method of the data interaction module in this embodiment includes the method in the first embodiment of the communication method of the functional module, and the difference between this embodiment and the first embodiment of the communication method of the functional module is mainly that the data sent out through the communication bus in the data transceiving step of the functional module includes the control instruction received from the upper computer system. It is understood that the present embodiment may also obtain a new identification code in the same manner as the aforementioned first embodiment of the functional module communication method, and the rule of the rotation of the identification code, the step of the timeout timing, and the first rotation of the timing and the permission rotation after the system is powered on may also be the same as the first embodiment of the functional module communication method.

In one embodiment, the second data collection and storage step stores data using a data mapping table. The functional device data collected and acquired in the periods stored in the data mapping tables of the lower control modules and the data interaction modules may be the same.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A distributed multi-host communication system is characterized by comprising a plurality of functional modules connected through a communication bus, wherein each functional module transmits data to other functional modules in the system and receives data transmitted by other functional modules in the system in a rotating mode in a self-adaptive mode;

each functional module stores the data sent to other functional modules in the system and the data sent from other functional modules, and when the data is applied, the data stored in the functional module is directly extracted for data acquisition;

each functional module is provided with a unique identification code, and is synchronously and repeatedly timed, and whether the unique identification code of the functional module is matched with the current identification code of the communication system or not is judged when the timing duration reaches the polling trigger period;

when the identification codes are judged to be matched, sending data to other functional modules in the communication system through the communication bus, and when the identification codes are judged not to be matched, receiving data sent by the functional module of which the identification code is uniquely matched with the current identification code of the communication system through the communication bus;

wherein at least some of the functional modules are subordinate control modules including a first transceiver unit configured to transmit data acquired from a functional device to other functional modules within the communication system via the communication bus when a current subordinate control module determines that the identification codes match, and to receive data transmitted from a functional module whose identification code uniquely matches a current identification code of the communication system via the communication bus when the current subordinate control module determines that the identification codes do not match;

the lower control module further comprises a data acquisition unit and a first storage unit, the data acquisition unit is configured to acquire data generated by functional equipment connected with the lower control module, the first storage unit is configured to store the data acquired by the data acquisition unit, and the data acquired from the functional equipment and sent by the first transceiving unit comprises the data generated by the functional equipment; wherein the data generated by the functional device comprises: state data of the functional equipment and/or detection data acquired by the functional equipment;

the data transmitted by the first transceiver unit comprises: data generated by the functional device stored in the first storage unit from the time when the present subordinate control module is determined to have the identification code matched;

at least one of the function modules is a data interaction module, the data interaction module comprises a second transceiver unit, and the second transceiver unit is configured to send a control instruction received from an upper computer system to other function modules in the communication system through the communication bus when the data interaction module judges that the identification codes are matched, and receive data sent by the function module of which the identification code is uniquely matched with the current identification code of the communication system through the communication bus when the data interaction module judges that the identification codes are not matched;

the data interaction module also comprises a second storage unit and a data interaction unit; the second storage unit is configured to store data sent by other functional modules in the communication system through a communication bus and store control instructions received by the data interaction unit; the data interaction unit is configured to upload data sent by the functional modules stored in the second storage unit to an upper computer system and receive a control instruction sent by the upper computer system.

2. The communication system according to claim 1, wherein each of the functional modules obtains a new identification code according to a preset identification code rotation rule after determining whether the identification codes match, and uses the new identification code as the current identification code of the communication system of the functional module.

3. The communication system of claim 2, wherein the identifier code rotation rule employs one of:

extracting a next cis-position identification code of the current identification code of the communication system of the functional module from an identification code set consisting of unique identification codes of all the functional modules of the communication system according to a preset sequence to serve as a new identification code; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

and performing addition operation or subtraction operation on the current identification code of the communication system of the functional module and a set constant, performing remainder taking operation on the number of the functional modules by using the obtained operation result, and taking the obtained remainder as a new identification code.

4. A communication system according to any of claims 1-3, wherein each of said functional modules comprises a delay timing unit and an identity rotation unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the delay timing unit is configured to synchronously perform the repeated timing by taking a rotation triggering period as a target duration; the identification rotation unit is configured to be triggered by the delay timing unit when a rotation triggering period is reached, and judge whether the identification code of the functional module is matched with the current identification code of the communication system; in addition, the first and second substrates are,

and after the identification code is judged to be finished, each identification rotation unit obtains a new identification code according to a preset identification code rotation rule and uses the new identification code as the current identification code of the communication system of the functional module.

5. The communication system according to claim 4, wherein each of the functional modules further comprises a timeout timer unit configured to start timing in synchronization with the delay timer unit, determine that the functional module does not send data through the communication bus when the identifier rotation unit determines that the identifiers match and the timing length reaches the set timeout length, and determine that the functional module does not receive data sent by the functional module whose identifier matches the current identifier of the communication system when the identifier rotation unit determines that the identifiers do not match and the timing length reaches the set timeout length; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

when the overtime timing unit judges that the functional module does not send data or receive sent data, the time delay timing unit is triggered immediately to start next round of timing, and the identification rotation unit is triggered to obtain a new system identification code according to an identification code rotation rule; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the set timeout duration is longer than the cycle triggering period.

6. The communication system of claim 4,

after the functional module is started, the identification rotation unit immediately judges whether the unique identification code of the functional module is a first cis-position identification code, if so, the delay timing unit starts timing, the first cis-position identification code is used as the current identification code of the communication system, and if not, the delay rotation unit waits for the functional module with the first cis-position identification code on the communication bus to send data, takes the time of the sent data as a timing reference, and triggers the delay timing unit to start timing; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

after the functional module is started, the delay timing unit starts timing for the first time, if the functional module does not receive data sent by other functional modules on the communication bus during the period when the timing reaches the rotation trigger period, the identification rotation unit judges the identification code by taking the unique identification code of the functional module as the current identification code of the communication system, and if the functional module receives the data sent by other functional modules on the communication bus before the timing reaches the rotation trigger period, the identification rotation unit immediately starts the next rotation of timing by taking the next sequential identification code of the unique identification code of the functional module sending the data as the current identification code of the communication system and the time for receiving the sent data as the starting time of the next rotation of the delay timing unit.

7. The communication system according to any of claims 1-3, 5-6, wherein the first storage unit stores data using a data mapping table.

8. The communication system according to claim 7, wherein the lower control module further includes a function control unit configured to store a control program of a function device connected to the lower control module and control the function device to execute a corresponding function; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the functions include data acquisition, and/or data telecommunication, and/or switching of the device, and/or translation of the assembly, and/or rotation of the assembly, and/or how strongly the device performs the respective function.

9. The communication system according to claim 8, wherein the function control unit is configured to store control programs of all types of function devices in the communication system, and when a function device connected to the local subordinate control module is changed, activate a control program corresponding to the changed function device to control the function device to perform a corresponding function.

10. A communication system according to any of claims 1-3, 5-6, 8-9, wherein the second storage unit stores data using a data mapping table.

11. The communication system according to any one of claims 1-3, 5-6, 8-9, wherein the upper computer system comprises a cloud platform remotely connected to the data interaction unit.

12. The communication system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 5 to 6, and 8 to 9, wherein the data interaction module further comprises a display unit configured to display the data stored in the second storage unit and/or the content of the control instruction received by the data interaction unit.

13. The communication system according to any of claims 1-3, 5-6, 8-9, wherein the data interaction module further comprises a human-machine interaction unit configured to receive local external input and generate a corresponding control instruction according to the local external input.

14. A functional module of a distributed communication system is characterized in that the functional module alternately sends data to other functional modules in the system and receives data sent by other functional modules in the system in a self-adaptive mode;

the functional module is provided with a unique identification code, the functional module performs repeated timing, and judges whether the unique identification code is matched with the current identification code of the communication system when the timing duration reaches the polling trigger period;

sending out data through the communication bus when the identification codes are judged to be matched, and receiving the sent data through the communication bus when the identification codes are judged not to be matched;

wherein the function module includes a first transceiving unit configured to transmit data acquired from the function device to the outside through the communication bus when the function module determines that the identification codes match, and to receive the transmitted data through the communication bus when the function module determines that the identification codes do not match;

the functional module further comprises a data acquisition unit and a first storage unit, the data acquisition unit is configured to acquire data generated by functional equipment connected with the functional module, the first storage unit is configured to store the data acquired by the data acquisition unit, and the data acquired from the functional equipment and sent by the first transceiver unit comprises the data generated by the functional equipment; wherein the data generated by the functional device comprises: state data of the functional equipment and/or detection data acquired by the functional equipment;

the data transmitted by the first transceiver unit comprises: data generated by the function device stored in the first storage unit from the last time the present function module was determined to have the identification code matched;

the function module comprises a second transceiver unit, the second transceiver unit is configured to transmit the control instruction received from the upper computer system to the outside through the communication bus when the function module judges that the identification codes are matched, and to receive the transmitted data through the communication bus when the function module judges that the identification codes are not matched;

the functional module also comprises a second storage unit and a data interaction unit; the second storage unit is configured to store data sent by other functional modules in the communication system through a communication bus and store control instructions received by the data interaction unit; the data interaction unit is configured to upload data sent by the functional modules stored in the second storage unit to an upper computer system and receive a control instruction sent by the upper computer system.

15. The functional module of claim 14, wherein after determining whether the identification codes match, the functional module obtains a new identification code according to a preset identification code rotation rule, and uses the new identification code as the current identification code of the communication system.

16. The function module of claim 15, wherein the identification code rotation rule employs one of:

extracting a next cis-position identification code of a current identification code of the communication system as a new identification code from an identification code set consisting of unique identification codes of all functional modules of the communication system according to a preset sequence; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

and performing addition operation or subtraction operation on the current identification code of the communication system and a set constant, performing remainder taking operation on the number of the functional modules by using the obtained operation result, and taking the obtained remainder as a new identification code.

17. A functional module according to any of claims 14-16, characterized in that the functional module comprises a delay timing unit and an identification rotation unit; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the delay timing unit is configured to synchronously perform the repeated timing by taking a rotation triggering period as a target duration; the identification rotation unit is configured to be triggered by the delay timing unit when a rotation triggering period is reached, and judge whether the identification code is matched with the current identification code of the communication system.

18. The function module according to claim 17, further comprising a timeout timer unit configured to start timing in synchronization with the delay timer unit, determine that the function module has not sent out data through the communication bus when the identification wheel unit determines that the identification codes match and the timing length reaches the set timeout length, and determine that the function module has not received the sent data through the communication bus when the identification wheel unit determines that the identification codes do not match and the timing length reaches the set timeout length; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

when the overtime timing unit judges that the functional module does not send data or receive sent data, the time delay timing unit is triggered immediately to start next timing, and the identification rotation unit is triggered to obtain a new system identification code according to an identification code rotation rule; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the set timeout duration is longer than the cycle triggering period.

19. The functional module according to claim 17, wherein after the functional module is started, the identifier rotation unit immediately determines whether the unique identifier is a first cis-position identifier, and if the unique identifier is the first cis-position identifier, the delay timing unit starts timing, and uses the first cis-position identifier as a current identifier of the communication system, and if the unique identifier is not the first cis-position identifier, the functional module waits for data to be sent to the communication bus, and uses the time when the data is received as a timing reference, and triggers the delay timing unit to start timing; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

after the functional module is started, the delay timing unit starts timing for the first time, if the functional module does not receive the sent data through the communication bus during the period when the timing reaches the rotation trigger period, the identification rotation unit judges the identification code by taking the unique identification code of the functional module as the current identification code of the communication system, and if the functional module receives the sent data through the communication bus before the timing reaches the rotation trigger period, the identification rotation unit takes the next sequential identification code of the unique identification code of the object of the sent data as the current identification code of the communication system, and takes the time for receiving the sent data as the starting time of the next rotation of the delay timing unit to immediately start the next rotation.

20. A functional module according to any of claims 14-16, 18-19, wherein the first storage unit stores data using a data mapping table.

21. The function module according to any one of claims 14-16, 18-19, wherein the function module further comprises a function control unit configured to store a control program of a function device connected to the function module and control the function device to perform a corresponding function; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

22. The function module according to claim 21, wherein the function control unit is configured to store control programs of all types of function devices in the communication system, and when there is a change in a function device connected to the function module, activate a control program corresponding to the changed function device to control the function device to perform a corresponding function.

23. A functional module according to any of claims 14-16, 18-19, 22, wherein said second storage unit stores data using a data mapping table.

24. The functional module according to any of claims 14-16, 18-19, 22, wherein the host computer system comprises a cloud platform remotely connected to the data interaction unit.

25. The functional module according to any of claims 14-16, 18-19, and 22, further comprising a display unit configured to display data stored in the second storage unit and/or control instruction content received by the data interaction unit.

26. The functional module according to any of claims 14-16, 18-19, 22, further comprising a human-machine interaction unit configured to receive local external input and generate a corresponding control instruction according to the local external input.

27. A distributed multi-host communication method is characterized in that the method is applied to a communication system comprising a plurality of functional modules, and the functional modules are connected through a communication bus; the method comprises the following steps:

each functional module transmits data to other functional modules in the system and receives data transmitted by other functional modules in the system in a self-adaptive mode in a rotating mode;

the method further comprises the following steps:

each functional module stores the data sent to other functional modules in the system and the data sent by the other functional modules;

when data is applied, the data stored in the functional module is directly extracted to obtain the data;

each of the functional modules has a unique identification code; the functional module transmits data to other functional modules in the system and receives data transmitted by other functional modules in the system in a rotating mode in a self-adaptive mode comprises the following steps:

a data transceiving step of sending data to other functional modules in the communication system through the communication bus when the identification codes are judged to be matched, and receiving data sent by the functional module of which the identification code is uniquely matched with the current identification code of the communication system through the communication bus when the identification codes are judged not to be matched;

wherein at least part of the functional modules are lower control modules; the data transmitted to other functional modules in the communication system in the data transceiving step of the lower control module includes data acquired from a functional device;

the method further comprises the following steps: a first data acquisition and storage step of acquiring data generated by functional equipment connected with the lower control module and storing the acquired data; and, the data obtained from the functional device comprises data generated by the functional device; wherein the data generated by the functional device comprises: state data of the functional equipment and/or detection data acquired by the functional equipment;

the data transmitted to the other functional modules in the communication system in the data transmission/reception step of the lower control module includes: data generated by the functional device to be stored since the last time the present subordinate control module was determined to have the identification code matched;

at least one functional module is a data interaction module; the data sent to other functional modules in the communication system in the data transceiving step of the data interaction module comprises a control instruction received from an upper computer system;

the method further comprises the following steps: a second data storage and uploading step of storing the data received in the data transceiving step and uploading the data received in the stored data transceiving step to an upper computer system; and an instruction storage and sending step, namely storing the received control instruction and receiving the control instruction sent by the upper computer system.

28. The communication method as claimed in claim 27, wherein each of the functional modules obtains a new identification code according to a preset identification code rotation rule after the identification rotation step determines whether the identification codes match, and uses the new identification code as the current identification code of the communication system of the functional module.

29. The communication method of claim 28, wherein the identification code rotation rule employs one of:

30. The communication method according to any of claims 27-29, characterized in that the method further comprises:

an overtime timing step of starting timing synchronously with the delay timing step, determining that the functional module does not send data through a communication bus when the identification rotation step determines that the identification codes are matched and the timing duration of the overtime timing step reaches the set overtime duration, and determining that the functional module does not receive data sent by the functional module of which the identification code is matched with the current identification code of the communication system when the identification rotation step determines that the identification codes are not matched and the timing duration of the overtime timing step reaches the set overtime duration; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

in the overtime timing step, when the functional module is judged not to send data or not to receive the sent data, the next round of time delay timing is started immediately, and the functional module obtains a new system identification code according to an identification code rotation rule; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the set timeout duration is longer than the cycle triggering period.

31. The communication method according to any of claims 27-29, characterized in that the method further comprises:

after the functional module is started, immediately judging whether the unique identification code of the functional module is a first cis-position identification code, if so, starting time delay and timing, and taking the first cis-position identification code as the current identification code of the communication system, and if not, waiting until a communication bus sends data, taking the time of receiving the sent data as a timing reference, and starting time delay and timing; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

after the functional module is started, starting time delay for the first time, if the functional module does not receive data sent by other functional modules on the communication bus during the time reaching the rotation triggering period, judging the identification code by taking the unique identification code of the functional module as the current identification code of the communication system, and if the functional module receives the data sent by other functional modules on the communication bus before the time reaching the rotation triggering period, taking the next sequential identification code of the functional module with the identification code sent by the functional module as the current identification code of the communication system, and taking the time for receiving the data as the starting time of the next time delay time to immediately start the next time.

32. The communication method according to any one of claims 27 to 29, wherein the first data collection storage step stores data using a data mapping table.

33. The communication method according to any of claims 27-29, characterized in that the method further comprises:

controlling the functional equipment to execute corresponding functions by utilizing the stored control program of the functional equipment connected with the lower control module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

34. The communication method of claim 33, wherein the method further comprises:

when the function device connected with the lower control module is changed, the control program corresponding to the changed function device is activated from the stored control programs of all types of function devices of the communication system so as to control the function device to execute the corresponding function.

35. The communication method according to any one of claims 27 to 29 or 34, wherein the second data storage uploading step stores data using a data mapping table.

36. The communication method according to any of claims 27-29, 34, characterized in that the method further comprises:

and displaying the data received in the stored data transceiving step and/or the received control instruction content.

37. The communication method according to any of claims 27-29, 34, characterized in that the method further comprises:

and receiving local external input, and generating a corresponding control instruction according to the local external input.

38. A method for communicating functional modules of a distributed communication system, the method comprising: the method comprises the steps that data are sent to other function modules in the system and received from the other function modules in the system in a rotating mode in a self-adaptive mode;

the method further comprises the following steps:

the functional module has a unique identification code; the step of alternately sending data to other function modules in the system and receiving data sent by other function modules in the system in a self-adaptive mode comprises the following steps:

a data transceiving step of sending out data through the communication bus when the determination identification codes are matched, and receiving the sent data through the communication bus when the determination identification codes are not matched;

the data sent out through the communication bus in the data transceiving step of the functional module comprises data acquired from the functional equipment;

the method further comprises the following steps: a first data acquisition and storage step, namely acquiring data generated by functional equipment connected with the functional module and storing the acquired data; and, the data obtained from the functional device comprises data generated by the functional device; wherein the data generated by the functional device comprises: state data of the functional equipment and/or detection data acquired by the functional equipment;

the data sent out by the functional module in the data transceiving step comprises: data generated by the functional device from the last time the present functional module was determined to have the identification code matched to store;

the data transmitted to the outside through the communication bus in the data transceiving step of the functional module comprises a control instruction received from an upper computer system;

39. The communication method of claim 38, wherein the functional module obtains a new identification code according to a preset identification code rotation rule after determining whether the identification codes match, and uses the new identification code as the current identification code of the communication system.

40. The communication method of claim 39, wherein the identification code rotation rule employs one of:

extracting a next cis-position identification code of the current identification code of the communication system from the identification code set of the communication system according to a preset sequence to be used as a new identification code; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

41. The communication method according to any of claims 38-40, characterized in that the method further comprises:

an overtime timing step of starting timing synchronously with the delay timing unit, determining that the functional module does not send data outside through the communication bus when the identification code is judged to be matched in the identification rotation step and the timing duration reaches the set overtime duration, and determining that the functional module does not receive the sent data through the communication bus when the identification code is judged to be unmatched in the identification rotation step and the timing duration of the overtime timing step reaches the set overtime duration; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

when the overtime timing step judges that the functional module does not send data or receive sent data, the next round of time delay timing is started immediately, and the functional module obtains a new system identification code according to an identification code rotation rule; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the set timeout duration is longer than the cycle triggering period.

42. The communication method according to any of claims 38-40, characterized in that the method further comprises:

after the functional module is started, immediately judging whether the unique identification code is a first cis-position identification code, if so, starting time delay and timing, and taking the first cis-position identification code as a current identification code of a communication system, and if not, waiting for data sent by a communication bus, taking the time of receiving the sent data as a timing reference, and starting time delay and timing; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,

starting time delay for the first time after the functional module is started, if the functional module does not receive the sent data through the communication bus during the time reaching the rotation triggering period, judging the identification code by taking the unique identification code of the functional module as the current identification code of the communication system, and if the functional module receives the sent data through the communication bus before the time reaching the rotation triggering period, taking the next cis-position identification code of the unique identification code of the object of the sent data as the current identification code of the communication system, and taking the time for receiving the sent data as the starting time of the next time to immediately start the next time.

43. The communication method according to any one of claims 38 to 40, wherein the first data collection and storage step stores data using a data mapping table.

44. The communication method according to any of claims 38-40, characterized in that the method further comprises:

controlling the functional equipment to execute corresponding functions by utilizing a stored control program of the functional equipment connected with the functional module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

45. The communication method of claim 44, wherein the method further comprises:

when the function device connected with the function module is changed, the control program corresponding to the changed function device is activated from the stored control programs of all types of function devices of the communication system so as to control the function device to execute the corresponding function.

46. The communication method according to any one of claims 38 to 40 or 45, wherein the second data storage uploading step stores data using a data mapping table.

47. The communication method according to any of claims 38-40, 45, further comprising:

48. The communication method according to any of claims 38-40, 45, further comprising: