CN111539570A - Tower crane type selection and arrangement optimization method and system for group towers - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tower crane model selection and arrangement optimization method aiming at a tower group, which comprises the steps of providing an initial tower crane model selection and arrangement scheme, coverage range checking, material distribution, collision checking, hoisting weight checking, construction period checking, economy checking and economy optimization. The method has strong man-machine interaction degree, gives full play to the experience advantages and subjective initiative of technicians in each link of tower crane type selection and arrangement, and performs refined calculation on the basis of a tower crane hoisting material information base and a tower crane single hoisting operation time calculation formula by means of strong calculation capacity of a computer to obtain an optimal tower crane type selection and arrangement scheme.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a tower crane type selection and arrangement optimization method and system aiming at tower groups.
Background
The tower crane is used as the most important vertical transportation equipment in building construction, and the selection and the arrangement of the tower crane can obviously influence the progress, the safety, the cost and the like of the project. Factors for determining the arrangement scheme of the tower crane comprise a building form, a total engineering hoisting capacity, a maximum hoisting weight, site conditions and the like, and influence of all factors on the type selection and the arrangement of the tower crane is not independent. For projects with fewer tower cranes, a better tower crane arrangement scheme can be obtained relatively easily in the analysis process; however, for tower group engineering, the relationship among all factors is more complex, the tower crane and the tower crane may influence each other, and an ideal tower crane arrangement scheme is difficult to obtain by experience alone.
The BIM technology is an engineering design and construction management tool with wide application, and a model of the BIM technology contains various information of a building and can be used as a foundation for cooperative work of units in the process of project design, construction and operation. In the process of tower crane model selection and arrangement, certain specific digital information in the BIM model can be extracted, and quantitative analysis such as coverage range check, collision check, hoisting weight check, construction period check, economic analysis and the like in the process of tower crane model selection and arrangement is carried out. The existing BIM-based tower crane arrangement comparison selection system is difficult in man-machine interaction, the experience advantages of technicians cannot be fully exerted, a construction period check module in the system does not give a clear calculation formula, the construction period calculation precision is not high, and the finally determined tower crane arrangement scheme is not the optimal scheme.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tower crane model selection and arrangement optimization method aiming at a group tower, and aims to solve the technical problems of difficulty in man-machine interaction and low calculation accuracy in the prior art.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a tower crane model selection and arrangement optimization method aiming at tower groups comprises the following steps:
s1: giving an initial tower crane type selection and arrangement scheme, establishing a material information base of all the required tower cranes for hoisting and a database of each parameter of alternative tower cranes in the project, and giving the initial tower crane type selection and arrangement scheme on the basis;
s2: checking the coverage area, checking whether the proposed building and the material to be hoisted are both in the coverage area of the tower crane, if not, displaying the information of the proposed building or the material to be hoisted which does not fall into the coverage area in the system, adjusting the model, the number and the arrangement position of the tower crane, and checking the coverage area again;
s3: distributing materials, namely distributing all materials in a material information base according to the arrangement positions of the tower cranes, determining the materials to be hoisted by each tower crane respectively, and forming a material list of each tower crane;
s4: performing collision check, simulating the operation process of the tower crane, checking whether the tower crane collides with a building to be built and the tower crane, if so, displaying collision information in the system, adjusting the model and the arrangement position of the tower crane according to the information, and jumping to the step S2;
s5: checking the hoisting weight, checking whether each tower crane can meet the hoisting requirements of each material in the respective material list or not by contrasting the hoisting weight curve of each tower crane, if not, displaying the material information and the tower crane information which do not meet the requirements in the system, adjusting the type and the arrangement position of the tower crane according to the information, and jumping to the step S2;
s6: checking a construction period, respectively fitting a single hoisting operation time calculation formula for completing hoisting of different types of materials by using a statistical method according to operation time data of various types of tower cranes in the previous engineering, sequentially substituting specific material information in respective material lists of the tower cranes into the time calculation formula, summing to obtain the total operation time of the tower cranes, and if the total operation time is longer than the engineering construction period, adjusting the types, the number and the arrangement positions of the tower cranes and jumping to the step S2;
s7: the method comprises the following steps of (1) economy checking, calculating the total cost of each tower crane in the whole service process according to the economy parameter values of each tower crane, comparing the total cost with the budget cost of the tower crane of a proposed project, displaying the excess amount in a system and adjusting the type, quantity and arrangement position of the tower cranes if the budget cost is exceeded, and jumping to the step S2;
s8: and (4) optimizing economy, storing the tower crane arrangement scheme obtained in the step S6 as a candidate scheme by the system, sequentially replacing models of all tower cranes according to the cost reduction direction, replacing only one tower crane each time, skipping to the step S2, and outputting the candidate scheme as a final tower crane arrangement scheme if the requirements cannot be met after all the tower cranes are replaced once.
Preferably, the material information base is obtained on the basis of a Building Information Model (BIM) according to a construction method and construction deployment, and the material information recorded in the material information base comprises the types, the in-position heights, the plane coordinates and the weights of all materials to be hoisted in the project; the tower crane parameter database can be updated in real time, corresponding parameters of various types of tower cranes commonly used in the market are recorded, the parameters comprise technical parameters and economic parameters, the technical parameters comprise the arm length, the hoisting curve, the lifting speed, the rotating speed and the amplitude changing speed of various types of tower cranes, and the economic parameters comprise rent, tower crane foundation cost, operation and maintenance cost and attachment cost.
Preferably, the calculation formula of the single hoisting operation time of each tower crane in the step S6 is as follows,
in the formula: t isiThe single hoisting operation time of the tower crane;
t0-static time of tower crane operation process;
omega-tower crane rotation angular velocity;
v1-tower crane amplitude variation speed;
v2-the tower crane lifting speed;
theta is the rotation included angle of the tower crane in the single hoisting process;
r is the amplitude variation distance of the tower crane in the single hoisting process;
h, the lifting height of the tower crane in the single lifting process;
alpha-adjusting coefficients of the rotation time, the amplitude variation time and the lifting time of the tower crane, wherein the adjusting coefficients are obtained by statistical analysis and fitting of the previous engineering operation time data of various types of tower cranes.
Preferably, the material distribution in the step S3 follows a principle of being close, that is, all the materials are distributed to the tower crane closest to the plane where the material is located.
Preferably, the material distribution in step S3 may also follow an average distribution principle, and if the material is only within the coverage of a single tower crane, the material is distributed to the tower crane, and if the material is within the coverage of multiple tower cranes, the material is distributed to a tower crane with fewer hoisting tasks.
Preferably, the steps S4-S7 are sequentially adjustable.
In addition, the invention also provides a system based on the tower crane type selection and arrangement optimization method aiming at the tower group, which comprises an initial tower crane arrangement scheme generation module, a coverage range checking module, a material distribution module, a collision checking module, a hoisting weight checking module, a construction period checking module, an economy checking module and an economy optimization module which are respectively corresponding to the steps S1-S8, wherein the system also comprises a modification module which can be called by the coverage range checking module, the collision checking module, the hoisting weight checking module, the construction period checking module, the economy checking module and the economy optimization module and is used for adjusting the initial type, the number and the arrangement position of the tower crane.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention has strong man-machine interaction degree, and gives full play to the experience advantages and subjective activity of technicians in each link of tower crane type selection and arrangement;
2. the invention applies a statistical analysis method to analyze the operation data of the tower cranes of various models in the prior engineering and fits a calculation formula of the single operation time for completing the hoisting of different types of materials by the tower cranes of various models. By means of the strong computing power of a computer, a series of fine calculations are performed on the basis of a tower crane hoisting material information base and a tower crane operation time calculation formula to obtain a tower crane arrangement scheme meeting various requirements of engineering construction, and then the economy of the tower crane arrangement scheme is further optimized to obtain an optimal tower crane type selection and arrangement scheme.
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The above and/or other aspects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent and more readily appreciated from the detailed description taken in conjunction with the following drawings, which are meant to be illustrative, not limiting of the invention, and in which:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a tower crane model selection and layout optimization method for tower groups according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, embodiments of a tower crane model selection and arrangement optimization method and system for a group tower according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The examples described herein are specific embodiments of the present invention, are intended to be illustrative and exemplary in nature, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. In addition to the embodiments described herein, those skilled in the art will be able to employ other technical solutions which are obvious based on the disclosure of the claims and the specification of the present application, and these technical solutions include technical solutions which make any obvious replacement or modification for the embodiments described herein.
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth to illustrate, but are not to be construed to limit the scope of the invention. The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a preferred method for selecting and optimizing tower crane types and layout for tower groups of towers of the present invention includes the following steps:
s1: giving an initial tower crane model selection and arrangement scheme, establishing a material information base needing to be hoisted by a tower crane and each parameter database of an alternative tower crane of the project, and giving the initial tower crane model selection and arrangement scheme by technical personnel on the basis of the initial tower crane model selection and arrangement scheme, wherein the material information base is obtained on the basis of a Building Information Model (BIM) according to a construction method and construction arrangement, and the material information recorded in the material information base comprises the types, the in-position heights, the plane coordinates and the weights of all materials to be hoisted by the project; the tower crane parameter database can be updated in real time, corresponding parameters of various types of tower cranes commonly used in the market are recorded, the parameters comprise technical parameters and economic parameters, the technical parameters comprise the arm length, the hoisting curve, the lifting speed, the rotating speed and the amplitude variation speed of various types of tower cranes, and the economic parameters comprise rent, tower crane foundation cost, operation and maintenance cost and attachment cost;
s2: checking the coverage area, checking whether the proposed building and the material to be hoisted are both in the coverage area of the tower crane, if not, displaying the information of the proposed building or the material to be hoisted which does not fall into the coverage area in the system, adjusting the model, the quantity and the arrangement position of the tower crane by a technician, and checking the coverage area again;
s3: distributing materials, namely distributing all materials in a material information base according to the arrangement positions of the tower cranes, determining the materials to be hoisted by each tower crane respectively, and forming a material list of each tower crane, wherein the material distribution follows the nearby principle or the average distribution principle, and the nearby principle is that all the materials are uniformly distributed to the tower crane closest to the plane position of the tower crane; according to the average distribution principle, if the material is only in the coverage range of a single tower crane, the material is distributed to the tower crane, and if the material is in the coverage ranges of a plurality of tower cranes, the material is distributed to a tower crane with few hoisting tasks;
s4: performing collision check, simulating the operation process of the tower crane, checking whether the tower crane collides with a building to be built and the tower crane, if so, displaying collision information in the system, adjusting the model and the arrangement position of the tower crane according to the information by a technician, and jumping to the step S2;
s5: checking the hoisting weight, checking whether each tower crane can meet the hoisting requirements of each material in the respective material list or not by contrasting the hoisting weight curve of each tower crane, if not, displaying the material information and the tower crane information which do not meet the requirements in the system, adjusting the model and the arrangement position of the tower crane by a technician according to the information, and jumping to the step S2;
s6: checking a construction period, respectively fitting a calculation formula of single hoisting operation time for completing hoisting of different types of materials by using a statistical method according to operation time data of various types of tower cranes in the prior engineering, sequentially substituting specific material information in respective material lists of the tower cranes into the time calculation formula, summing to obtain the total operation time of the tower cranes, adjusting the types, the number and the arrangement positions of the tower cranes by a technician if the total operation time is longer than the engineering construction period, skipping to the step S2, wherein the calculation formula of the single hoisting operation time of the tower cranes is as follows,
in the formula: t isiThe single hoisting operation time of the tower crane;
t0-static time of tower crane operation process;
omega-tower crane rotation angular velocity;
v1-tower crane amplitude variation speed;
v2-the tower crane lifting speed;
theta is the rotation included angle of the tower crane in the single hoisting process;
r is the amplitude variation distance of the tower crane in the single hoisting process;
h, the lifting height of the tower crane in the single lifting process;
alpha-adjusting coefficients of the rotation time, amplitude variation time and lifting time of the tower crane, wherein the adjusting coefficients are obtained by statistical analysis and fitting of the previous engineering operation time data of various types of tower cranes;
s7: the method comprises the following steps of (1) economy checking, calculating the total cost of each tower crane in the whole service process according to the economy parameter values of each tower crane, comparing the total cost with the budget cost of the tower crane of a proposed project, displaying the excess amount in a system if the budget cost is exceeded, adjusting the type, the number and the arrangement position of the tower cranes by a technician, and jumping to the step S2;
s8: optimizing economy, wherein the system stores the tower crane arrangement scheme obtained in the step S6 as an alternative scheme, sequentially changes models of all tower cranes according to the cost reduction direction, only changes one tower crane each time, jumps to the step S2, and outputs the alternative scheme as a final tower crane arrangement scheme if the requirements cannot be met after all the tower cranes are changed once;
wherein, the sequence of the steps S4-S7 is adjustable;
in addition, the invention also provides a system based on the tower crane type selection and arrangement optimization method aiming at the tower group, which comprises an initial tower crane arrangement scheme generation module, a coverage range checking module, a material distribution module, a collision checking module, a hoisting weight checking module, a construction period checking module, an economy checking module and an economy optimization module which are respectively corresponding to the steps S1-S8, wherein the system also comprises a modification module which can be called by the coverage range checking module, the collision checking module, the hoisting weight checking module, the construction period checking module, the economy checking module and the economy optimization module and is used for adjusting the initial type, the number and the arrangement position of the tower crane.
As shown in tables 1-3, the single hoisting operation time of each tower crane in Table 3 is calculated and obtained by means of the calculation formula of the single hoisting operation time of each tower crane based on the tower crane parameter database shown in Table 1 and the material information base shown in Table 2,
TABLE 1 Tower crane parameter database
TABLE 2 materials information base
| Material numbering | Kind of material | Initial coordinates | Coordinates of seating | Weight (D) |
| 1 | Form panel | (-26,35,0) | (0,0,3) | 159.74 |
| 2 | Reinforcing bar | (-26,60,0) | (0,0,3) | 449.28 |
| 3 | Support for supporting | (-26,10,0) | (0,0,3) | 172.03 |
| 4 | Steel column | (136,22,0) | (170,10,4.8) | 1347.84 |
| 5 | Steel beam | (136,22,0) | (175,0,4.8) | 1872.00 |
| 6 | Steel floor | (136,22,0) | (175,15,4.8) | 2184.22 |
| 7 | Prefabricated column | (43,-9.3,0) | (62,-20,3.3) | 2062.51 |
| 8 | Support for supporting | (103,-9.3,0) | (62,-20,3.3) | 132.00 |
| 9 | Precast beam | (43,-9.3,0) | (59,-20,3.3) | 3300.24 |
| 10 | Support for supporting | (103,-9.3,0) | (59,-20,3.3) | 495.00 |
| 11 | Prefabricated panel | (43,-9.3,0) | (65,-23,3.3) | 2100.00 |
| 12 | Support for supporting | (103,-9.3,0) | (65,-23,3.3) | 945.00 |
| …… | …… | …… | …… | …… |
TABLE 3 Tower crane hoisting operation time
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A tower crane model selection and arrangement optimization method aiming at group towers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: giving an initial tower crane type selection and arrangement scheme, establishing a material information base of all the required tower cranes for hoisting and a database of each parameter of alternative tower cranes in the project, and giving the initial tower crane type selection and arrangement scheme on the basis;
s2: checking the coverage area, checking whether the proposed building and the material to be hoisted are both in the coverage area of the tower crane, if not, displaying the information of the proposed building or the material to be hoisted which does not fall into the coverage area in the system, adjusting the model, the number and the arrangement position of the tower crane, and checking the coverage area again;
s3: distributing materials, namely distributing all materials in a material information base according to the arrangement positions of the tower cranes, determining the materials to be hoisted by each tower crane respectively, and forming a material list of each tower crane;
s4: performing collision check, simulating the operation process of the tower crane, checking whether the tower crane collides with a building to be built and the tower crane, if so, displaying collision information in the system, adjusting the model and the arrangement position of the tower crane according to the information, and jumping to the step S2;
s5: checking the hoisting weight, checking whether each tower crane can meet the hoisting requirements of each material in the respective material list or not by contrasting the hoisting weight curve of each tower crane, if not, displaying the material information and the tower crane information which do not meet the requirements in the system, adjusting the type and the arrangement position of the tower crane according to the information, and jumping to the step S2;
s6: checking a construction period, respectively fitting a single hoisting operation time calculation formula for completing hoisting of different types of materials by using a statistical method according to operation time data of various types of tower cranes in the previous engineering, sequentially substituting specific material information in respective material lists of the tower cranes into the time calculation formula, summing to obtain the total operation time of the tower cranes, and if the total operation time is longer than the engineering construction period, adjusting the types, the number and the arrangement positions of the tower cranes and jumping to the step S2;
s7: the method comprises the following steps of (1) economy checking, calculating the total cost of each tower crane in the whole service process according to the economy parameter values of each tower crane, comparing the total cost with the budget cost of the tower crane of a proposed project, displaying the excess amount in a system and adjusting the type, quantity and arrangement position of the tower cranes if the budget cost is exceeded, and jumping to the step S2;
s8: and (4) optimizing economy, storing the tower crane arrangement scheme obtained in the step S6 as a candidate scheme by the system, sequentially replacing models of all tower cranes according to the cost reduction direction, replacing only one tower crane each time, skipping to the step S2, and outputting the candidate scheme as a final tower crane arrangement scheme if the requirements cannot be met after all the tower cranes are replaced once.
2. The tower crane model selection and arrangement optimization method for the tower group according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material information base is obtained on the basis of a Building Information Model (BIM) according to a construction method and construction deployment, and the material information recorded in the material information base comprises the types, the in-position heights, the plane coordinates and the weights of all materials to be hoisted in the project; the tower crane parameter database can be updated in real time, corresponding parameters of various types of tower cranes commonly used in the market are recorded, the parameters comprise technical parameters and economic parameters, the technical parameters comprise the arm length, the hoisting curve, the lifting speed, the rotating speed and the amplitude changing speed of various types of tower cranes, and the economic parameters comprise rent, tower crane foundation cost, operation and maintenance cost and attachment cost.
3. The tower crane model selection and arrangement optimization method for the tower group according to claim 2, characterized in that: the calculation formula of the single hoisting operation time of each tower crane in the step S6 is as follows,
in the formula: t isiThe single hoisting operation time of the tower crane;
t0-static time of tower crane operation process;
omega-tower crane rotation angular velocity;
v1-tower crane amplitude variation speed;
v2-the tower crane lifting speed;
theta is the rotation included angle of the tower crane in the single hoisting process;
r is the amplitude variation distance of the tower crane in the single hoisting process;
h, the lifting height of the tower crane in the single lifting process;
alpha-adjusting coefficients of the rotation time, the amplitude variation time and the lifting time of the tower crane, wherein the adjusting coefficients are obtained by statistical analysis and fitting of the previous engineering operation time data of various types of tower cranes.
4. The tower crane model selection and arrangement optimization method for the tower group according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step S3, the material distribution follows the principle of being close, namely all materials are distributed to the tower crane closest to the plane position where the materials are located.
5. The tower crane model selection and arrangement optimization method for the tower group according to claim 1, characterized in that: the material distribution in the step S3 may also follow an average distribution principle, and if the material is only within the coverage of a single tower crane, the material is distributed to the tower crane, and if the material is within the coverage of multiple tower cranes, the material is distributed to a tower crane with fewer hoisting tasks.
6. The tower crane model selection and arrangement optimization method for the tower group according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steps S4-S7 are adjustable in sequence.
7. A system for a tower crane model selection and arrangement optimization method aiming at tower groups based on any one of claims 1-6 is characterized in that: the system comprises an initial tower crane arrangement scheme generation module, a coverage range checking module, a material distribution module, a collision checking module, a hoisting weight checking module, a construction period checking module, an economy checking module and an economy optimization module which correspond to the steps S1-S8 respectively, and further comprises a modification module, wherein the modification module can be called by the coverage range checking module, the collision checking module, the hoisting weight checking module, the construction period checking module, the economy checking module and the economy optimization module and is used for adjusting the initial tower crane model, the number and the arrangement position.
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| CN113378271A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-10 | 广联达科技股份有限公司 | Method for calculating installation height of group tower and computer readable storage medium |
| CN113761677A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-12-07 | 广州五羊建设机械有限公司 | Tower crane structure design method for realizing profit maximization |
| CN113807609A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-12-17 | 上海建工一建集团有限公司 | Automatic generation and digital optimization method for climbing scheme of tower crane and steel platform |
| CN115419073A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-12-02 | 中建八局科技建设有限公司 | Tower group layout method of tower crane for group pit construction |
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| CN117574595A (en) * | 2023-08-24 | 2024-02-20 | 广州市第三市政工程有限公司 | Intelligent construction method for selecting component hoisting equipment based on BIM technology |
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