CN111538268B

CN111538268B - Single-fire electricity taking intelligent switch, wireless control device and power supply control system

Info

Publication number: CN111538268B
Application number: CN202010342462.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗洁洁
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-04-27
Filing date: 2020-04-27
Publication date: 2023-06-27
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-27
Also published as: CN111538268A

Abstract

The invention provides a single-fire power-taking intelligent switch, a wireless control device and a power supply control system, wherein the single-fire power-taking intelligent switch comprises an ON power-taking circuit, an OFF power-taking circuit, a processing and communication circuit, an output switch and a switch driving circuit for driving the output switch to be turned ON or OFF; the OFF state power taking circuit is connected between the live wire connecting end and an external load; the ON state power taking circuit is connected in series with the output switch and then connected between the live wire connecting end and the external load; the ON state power taking circuit and the OFF state power taking circuit are connected with a live wire through the live wire connecting end, and the ON state power taking circuit and the OFF state power taking circuit are connected to a zero line through the external load; the output of the ON state power taking circuit and the output of the OFF state power taking circuit can be combined to supply power for the processing and communication circuit and the switch driving circuit.

Description

Single-fire electricity taking intelligent switch, wireless control device and power supply control system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of switches, in particular to a single-fire electricity taking intelligent switch, a wireless control device and a power supply control system.

Background

With the development of smart home and IOT technologies, more and more users wish to replace the traditional mechanical switch in the home with a smart switch. The intelligent switch requires a hot-wire/neutral two-wire power supply to power the circuitry of the intelligent switch itself (e.g., to power the processor and communication circuitry to operate properly).

However, for some houses (e.g., older houses), if the line from the neutral to the switch is not configured for finishing (i.e., in the case of only a single neutral, the existing neutral intelligent switch will not be usable.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a single-fire power-taking intelligent switch, a wireless control device and a power supply control system, which are used for solving the problem that the existing intelligent switch for a zero line cannot be used.

According to a first aspect of the invention, a single-fire power-taking intelligent switch is provided, which comprises an ON-state power-taking circuit, an OFF-state power-taking circuit, a processing and communication circuit, an output switch and a switch driving circuit for driving the output switch to be ON or OFF;

the OFF state power taking circuit is connected between the live wire connecting end and an external load; the ON state power taking circuit is connected in series with the output switch and then connected between the live wire connecting end and the external load; the ON state power taking circuit and the OFF state power taking circuit are connected with a live wire through the live wire connecting end, and the ON state power taking circuit and the OFF state power taking circuit are connected to a zero line through the external load;

The output of the ON state power taking circuit and the output of the OFF state power taking circuit can be combined to supply power for the processing and communication circuit and the switch driving circuit.

According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a wireless control device comprising a self-generating switch and a single fire power take intelligent switch as referred to in the first aspect.

According to a third aspect of the invention, a wireless control device is provided, which comprises an intelligent device and a single-fire power-taking intelligent switch related to the alternative of the first aspect.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power supply control system comprising the wireless control device and the smart device according to the second aspect and its alternatives, wherein the processing and communication circuit is further capable of directly or indirectly communicating with the smart device to control the opening and closing of the output switch by the switch driving circuit under remote control of the smart device.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power taking method for an ON-state power taking circuit, which is applied to an ON-state power taking circuit when the output switch is turned ON in a single-fire power taking intelligent switch related to the first aspect, and the power taking method includes:

The following procedure was repeatedly performed:

when the comparator controls the ON state power taking switch tube to be kept off and controls the reference voltage conversion module to feed back a first reference voltage, and alternating current which is accessed by the single-fire power taking intelligent switch enters a negative half period, negative half-wave current flows through the zero line, the external load and the output switch to the rectifying energy storage module, the rectifying energy storage module starts to be charged, and the voltage of the rectifying energy storage module rises along with the charging;

when the voltage collected and fed back to the comparator by the feedback voltage conversion unit is higher than the first reference voltage, the comparator controls the ON state power-taking switch tube to be conducted, and controls the reference voltage conversion module to convert the voltage into feedback second reference voltage, wherein the second reference voltage is smaller than the first reference voltage, at the moment, the current transmitted by the zero line, the external load and the output switch flows to the fire wire through the connection end of the fire wire, the rectifying energy storage module is not charged any more, and the voltage collected and fed back to the comparator by the feedback voltage conversion unit starts to drop;

when the voltage collected and fed back to the comparator by the feedback voltage conversion unit is lower than the second reference voltage, the comparator controls the ON-state power-taking switching tube to be turned off, and controls the reference voltage conversion module to feed back the first reference voltage.

In the single-fire power-taking intelligent switch, the wireless control device and the power supply control system provided by the invention, one end of the OFF-state power-taking circuit and one end of the output switch connected in series with the ON-state power-taking circuit are connected to one end of a connecting live wire of an external load and are connected to a zero line through the external load, and the intelligent switch can be only connected with the live wire, so that the intelligent switch still can take power under the condition that a line from the zero line to the switch is not configured so as to meet the power supply requirements of an internal processing and communication circuit and a switch driving circuit.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings which are used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single fire power intelligent switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram II of a single-fire power-taking intelligent switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third configuration of a single fire power intelligent switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an ON-state power supply according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of an ON-state power supply circuit according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an ON-state circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7a is a diagram showing waveforms of the alternating current and the charging current in the ON-state power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7b is a diagram showing waveforms of the AC and RC charge and discharge voltages in the ON-state power-up circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an OFF state fetching circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 9a is a schematic diagram of a capacitive driving circuit;

FIG. 9b is a schematic diagram II of a capacitive driving circuit;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a capacitive monostable driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a bridge driving circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a wireless control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a second schematic diagram of a wireless control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a third configuration of a wireless control device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a power supply control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating a power up method of an ON power up circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 17 is a second flowchart of a power-up method of the ON power-up circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1-a single-fire power-taking intelligent switch;

an 11-ON state power take-off circuit;

a 111-voltage regulator;

1112 a feedback voltage conversion unit;

1111-a reference voltage conversion unit;

112-rectifying and energy-storing unit;

a 12-OFF state power take circuit;

13-a switch driving circuit;

14-an output switch;

15-a processing and communication circuit;

a 16-voltage conversion circuit;

17-an energy storage circuit;

18-a radio frequency antenna;

a 19-Bluetooth antenna;

2-an external load;

21-a load lamp;

3-a self-generating switch;

31-a processing module;

32-a wireless module;

33-a kinetic energy power generation module;

a 34-DCDC module;

35-a key input module;

4-intelligent equipment;

s1, an output switch;

D1-ON state bypass diode;

d2—a first isolation diode;

d3—a second isolation diode;

d4—a third isolation diode;

d5—rectifying diode;

d6—primary side diode;

d7—a secondary side first diode;

d8—a secondary side second diode;

D9—a secondary side third diode;

d10—a secondary side fourth diode;

d11—a drive circuit diode;

d12-diode;

dz 1-feedback voltage zener diode;

dz 2-zener diode;

dz3 primary side zener diode;

Q1-ON state power-taking switch tube;

q2-a reference voltage switching transistor;

Q3-Darlington tube;

q4-a first MOS tube of the driving circuit;

q5-a second MOS tube of the driving circuit;

q6-the first triode of the drive circuit;

q7-a second triode of the driving circuit;

q8-a third triode of the driving circuit;

q9-a fourth triode of the driving circuit;

q10-a fifth triode of the driving circuit;

q11-the sixth triode of the driving circuit;

a1-a comparator;

c1-an energy storage capacitor;

c2-feedback capacitance;

c3-input capacitance;

c4-an energy storage capacitor;

a C5-bypass capacitor;

c6-primary side capacitance;

c7-secondary side first capacitance;

c8-secondary side second capacitance;

c9-sampling capacitance;

c10-secondary side third capacitance;

c11-driving circuit capacitance;

r11 is a first voltage dividing resistor;

r12-a second voltage dividing resistor;

r13-feedback resistance;

r14, R15, R16, R17-resistance;

r21, R22, R23, R24, R25-resistance;

r31, R32, R33-resistance;

a T-transformer;

u1-power chip.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth" and the like in the description and in the claims and in the above drawings, if any, are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate such that the embodiments of the invention described herein may be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below by specific examples. The following embodiments may be combined with each other, and some embodiments may not be repeated for the same or similar concepts or processes.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-fire power-taking intelligent switch according to an embodiment of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1, a single-fire power-taking intelligent switch 1 includes an ON-state power-taking circuit 11, an OFF-state power-taking circuit 12, a processing and communication circuit 15, an output switch 14, and a switch driving circuit 13 for driving the output switch 14 to be turned ON or OFF.

The OFF state power taking circuit 12 is connected between a live wire connecting end (not shown) and the external load 2; the ON-state power taking circuit 11 is connected in series with the output switch 14 and then connected between the live wire connection end and the external load 2; the ON state power taking circuit 11 and the OFF state power taking circuit 12 are connected with a live wire through the live wire connecting end, and the ON state power taking circuit 11 and the OFF state power taking circuit 12 are connected to a zero line through the external load 2;

the output of the ON state power extraction circuit 11 and the output of the OFF state power extraction circuit 12 are combined to supply power to the processing and communication circuit 15 and the switch driving circuit 13.

The combination can be understood as: the ON state power circuit 11 and the OFF state power circuit 12 may directly or indirectly power the processing and communication circuit 15 via one or more of the same circuit positions, and: the ON state power supply circuit 11 and the OFF state power supply circuit 12 can directly or indirectly supply power to the switch driving circuit 13 through one or more same circuit positions. Meanwhile, the output of the ON state power-taking circuit 11 and the output of the OFF state power-taking circuit 12 can also supply power to other devices needing power in the switch, and are not limited to the above examples.

Therefore, in the above scheme, because one end of the OFF state power taking circuit and one end of the output switch connected in series with the ON state power taking circuit are connected to one end of a connecting live wire of an external load and are connected to the zero line through the external load, the intelligent switch can be only connected with the live wire, and furthermore, under the condition that a line from the zero line to the switch is not configured, the intelligent switch still can take power to meet the power supply requirements of an internal processing and communication circuit and a switch driving circuit.

The single-fire power-taking intelligent switch 1 can be a wall switch or other switches which need to be connected between a live wire and a zero wire, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited by the description of the embodiment of the invention no matter what type of switch is specifically adopted as long as the circuit structure is realized.

The output switch 14 may be any device or combination of devices capable of controlling on-off of a circuit, for example, a relay may be included, and the switch driving circuit 13 may be a relay driving circuit correspondingly.

The ON state power-taking circuit and the OFF state power-taking circuit can be any existing or improved power-taking circuit in the field.

Furthermore, based on the current connection relationship, the following procedure may be implemented:

when the output switch 14 is turned OFF from ON, the ON-state power take-OFF circuit 11 is turned OFF, and after discharging, it can not continue to supply power to the processing and communication circuit 15 and the switch driving circuit 13, and at the same time, the OFF-state power take-OFF circuit 12 can be used to directly or indirectly supply power to the processing and communication circuit 15 and the switch driving circuit 13.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram II of a single-fire power-taking intelligent switch according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single fire power intelligent wall switch according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the ON-state extraction circuit 11 includes: the voltage regulator 111, the ON-state power-taking switch tube Q1, the ON-state bypass diode D1 and the rectifying and energy-storing unit 112. Meanwhile, the output switch 14 therein may be characterized as an output switch S1.

The ON power-taking switch tube Q1 and the output switch S1 are connected in series and then connected between the live wire connecting end and the external load 2; the ON-state bypass diode D1 is connected in parallel with the ON-state power taking switch Q1.

In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the ON-state power-taking switch Q1 is connected between the live wire connection terminal and the first terminal of the output switch S1, and the second terminal of the output switch S1 is connected to the external load 2 (for example, the load lamp 21); the positive pole of the ON bypass diode D1 is connected with the live wire connecting end, and the negative pole is connected with the first end of the output switch S1. In other embodiments, the connection locations of the hot and neutral wires relative to the single fire power intelligent switch may also be interchanged, and are not limited to the illustrations of fig. 1-3.

The rectifying and energy-storing unit 112 is connected to an ON-state power-taking node N1 between the ON-state power-taking switch Q1 and the output switch S1, and is configured to store electric energy generated by the ON-state power-taking node N1, where the electric energy stored in the rectifying and energy-storing unit 12 can be directly or indirectly output to the processing and communication circuit 15 and the switch driving circuit 13.

The voltage regulator 111 is connected to the rectifying energy storage unit 112 to collect the voltage of the rectifying energy storage unit (for example, the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 used for energy storage), and the voltage regulator 111 is further connected to the control electrode of the ON-state power-taking switch tube Q1 to control the ON-off of the ON-state power-taking switch tube Q1 according to the collected voltage.

The ON-state power-taking switch tube can be an ON-state power-taking MOS tube, such as an NMOS tube. In other examples, the ON-state power switch may also be a triode or other controllable ON-off switching device. If the MOS tube is adopted, the control electrode of the ON state power-taking switch tube is the grid electrode, and if the triode is adopted, the control electrode of the ON state power-taking switch tube is the base electrode.

Based ON the circuit configuration among the rectifying energy storage unit 112, the ON-state power taking switch tube Q1 and the ON-state bypass diode D1 in the ON-state power taking circuit 11, when the output switch S1 is closed and the ON-state power taking switch tube Q1 is turned off, when the alternating current is in a positive half wave, the current is supplied to the load lamp 21 from the live wire through the ON-state bypass diode D1 and the output switch S1; during the negative half-wave of the alternating current, the ON-state bypass diode D1 is reversely cut off, and the current is charged from the zero line to the rectifying and energy storing unit through the load lamp 21 and the output switch S1.

For the function of the voltage regulator 111, the voltage regulator 111 can monitor the voltage in the rectifying and storing unit 112, when a certain condition is met (for example, when the voltage reaches the reference voltage), the voltage regulator 111 can turn ON the ON-state power-taking switch tube Q1, the ON-state power-taking rectifying and storing unit 112 is bypassed, the rectifying and storing unit 112 is not charged any more, and at the same time, the rectifying and storing unit 112 directly or indirectly continues discharging to supply power to the back-end circuit (for example, the processing and communication circuit 15, the switch driving circuit 13, etc.). After discharging for a certain time, the voltage regulator 111 will output a signal again to turn off the ON-state power taking switch tube Q1, at this time, if the connected ac power is in the positive half cycle, the ON-state power taking switch tube Q1 is in the off state, and will not charge the rectifying and energy storing unit, and when the next negative half cycle arrives, the circuit will start to charge the rectifying and energy storing unit 112.

Therefore, the above circuit structure can facilitate the charge and discharge process of the rectifying and energy-storing unit, and the control of the charge and discharge process is based on the voltage of the rectifying and energy-storing unit 112, so that the control process can be timely and accurately matched with the actual state of the circuit and the input alternating current. Regardless of the charging and discharging process, the specific circuit configuration for implementing the charging process does not depart from the description of the embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an ON-state power supply according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of an ON-state power supply circuit according to the present invention; FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of an ON state extraction circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the rectifying and energy-storing unit 112 includes an energy-storing capacitor C1 and a rectifying diode D5, wherein an anode of the rectifying diode D5 is connected to the ON-state power-taking node N1, a cathode of the rectifying diode D5 is directly or indirectly connected to the processing and communication circuit 15 and the switch driving circuit 13, and the energy-storing capacitor C1 is connected between the cathode of the rectifying diode D5 and ground.

Furthermore, the connected voltage can be rectified at a corresponding time (for example, when the alternating current is in a negative half wave), and then the connected electric energy is utilized to charge the energy storage capacitor C1.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 4 to 6, the voltage regulator 111 includes: feedback voltage converting unit 1112, reference voltage converting unit 1111 and comparator A1.

The feedback voltage conversion unit 1112 is connected to the first input end of the comparator A1 and the rectifying and energy storing unit 112, so as to collect the voltage of the rectifying and energy storing unit 112, and feed back the collected voltage to the comparator A1.

The voltage fed back to the first input terminal of the comparator A1 may change in real time with the rectifying and energy-storing unit 112, or may change only in part of the time with the rectifying and energy-storing unit 112, and further, the circuit fed back to the comparator A1 may be the voltage of the rectifying and energy-storing unit 112, or may be other voltages related to the voltage of the rectifying and energy-storing unit 112, so that any circuit capable of realizing voltage acquisition does not deviate from the scope of the above embodiment.

The reference voltage converting unit 1111 is connected to the second input terminal of the comparator A1 to feedback the reference voltage to the comparator A1.

The reference voltage fed back to the second input end of the comparator A1 may be fixed or variable, and further, the comparator may perform comparison based on the same reference voltage all the time, or may perform comparison based on different reference voltages at different time, so as to implement comparison control under different reference voltages. It can be seen that any circuit that can achieve reference voltage comparison does not depart from the scope of the above embodiments.

The output end of the comparator A1 is connected with the control electrode of the ON state power-taking switch tube Q1 so as to control the ON-off of the ON state power-taking switch tube Q1 according to the comparison result of the voltages of the two input ends.

Specifically, when the voltage at the first input terminal is higher than the voltage at the second input terminal, that is, the voltage fed back by the feedback voltage conversion unit 1112 is lower than the reference voltage at the moment, the comparator A1 may output a corresponding signal (for example, a low level signal) to control the ON-state power-taking switch Q1 to be turned off; when the voltage at the first input terminal is lower than the voltage at the second input terminal, that is, the voltage fed back by the feedback voltage conversion unit 1112 is higher than the reference voltage at the moment, the comparison period A1 can output a corresponding signal (e.g., a high level signal) to control the ON-state power-taking switch Q1 to be turned ON.

FIG. 7a is a diagram showing waveforms of the alternating current and the charging current in the ON-state power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7b is a diagram showing the waveforms of the AC and RC charge and discharge voltages in the ON-state power-up circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 7a, the current waveform flowing through the rectifying diode D5 is shown in fig. 7a, wherein the upper curve is a voltage curve, the abscissa is time, the ordinate is voltage, the lower curve is a current curve flowing through the rectifying diode D5, the abscissa is time, and the ordinate is current. The magnitude of the current is determined by the input ac voltage and the power magnitude of the load lamp 21.

Assuming an input voltage of 220VAC, the load lamp is an incandescent lamp (pure resistive load, internal resistance R), then: during the charging time, the instantaneous value of the current is:

the higher the power of the load lamp, the lower the internal resistance and the higher the current; whereas the smaller the current.

Further, assuming that the ON state power-taking output direct current power is fixed, for a low-power load lamp, the required charging time is longer because the instantaneous current is smaller; conversely, for high power load lamps, the required charging time is shorter due to the higher instantaneous current.

Based ON the above description, the maximum output current of the ON-state power supply circuit 11 may be determined by the load lamp power, and the relationship is as follows:

for a 3W incandescent lamp, the theoretical maximum output current is about 6 mA; for a 3W LED lamp (inductive load), the actual maximum output current will be less than 6mA due to the inductive reactance introduced.

As shown in fig. 7a, the charging time and the corresponding charging current waveform are shown, after the charging time, the charging time can be entered, and in the specific implementation process, by setting a proper control logic, the charging and the discharging can be orderly performed, and finally, the ON state power taking output dynamic stable direct current voltage is kept.

An implementation of the control logic will be described below based on the circuits illustrated in fig. 5 and 6.

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the feedback voltage converting unit 1112 includes a feedback voltage regulator Dz1, a feedback capacitor C2 and a feedback resistor R13.

The feedback capacitor C2 is connected between the first input end of the comparator A1 and ground, the feedback resistor R13 is also connected between the first input end of the comparator A1 and ground, and further, the feedback resistor R13 may be used to discharge the electric energy of the feedback capacitor C2, the positive electrode of the feedback voltage regulator Dz1 is connected to the first input end of the comparator A1, and the negative electrode of the feedback voltage regulator Dz1 is connected to the rectifying energy storage unit 112 (for example, connected between the energy storage capacitor C1 and the negative electrode of the rectifying diode D5).

Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the reference voltage converting unit 1111 includes a first voltage dividing resistor R11, a second voltage dividing resistor R12 and a reference voltage converting transistor Q2.

The first voltage dividing resistor R11, the second voltage dividing resistor R12 and the reference voltage converting triode Q2 are connected in series between a voltage source (VDD as shown in fig. 6) and ground; the reference voltage is the voltage of the node between the first voltage dividing resistor R11 and the second voltage dividing resistor R12, and the base of the reference voltage converting triode Q2 is directly or indirectly connected to the output end of the comparator A1, so as to convert the reference voltage under the control of the comparator A1, for example, to control the reference voltage to be converted between a first reference voltage and a second reference voltage which are referred to later.

Specifically, the output end of the comparator A1 is connected to the base electrode of the reference voltage converting triode Q2 through a resistor R15, the output end of the comparator A1 is connected to the control electrode of the ON-state power taking switching tube Q1 through a resistor R14, and the output end of the comparator A1 can be grounded through a resistor R16.

By transforming the reference voltage, it is possible to make: the control of the ON-state power taking switch tube Q1 during charging and the control of the ON-state power taking switch tube Q1 during discharging are realized based ON different reference voltages, so that the control of charging and discharging is more free, and the required charging and discharging time is further conveniently realized.

The voltage source may be provided by a voltage conversion circuit 16 as referred to hereinafter.

In the above circuit, if the second input terminal of the comparator is an inverting input terminal, there are:

in the first stage of charging, when the contact of the output switch S1, such as a relay, is turned ON, the load lamp 21 is turned ON, and a negative half-wave current flows from the zero line N through the load lamp to the rectifying diode D5 through the output switch S1, that is, the energy storage capacitor C1 of the rectifying energy storage unit of the ON-state power taking circuit 11 is charged, and the voltage of the energy storage capacitor C1 continuously rises;

in the second stage of charging, when the voltage on the energy storage capacitor C1 continues to rise until the voltage on the first zener diode Dz1 rises and is greater than 13V, the first zener diode feedback voltage zener diode is reversely broken down, and meanwhile the feedback capacitor C2 starts to charge, at this time, under the control of the comparator A1, the reference voltage converting triode Q2 can be in an off state, the voltage of the reverse input terminal of the comparator A1 is VDD (assuming to be set to 3V), and the voltage of the forward input terminal starts to rise from 0V;

When the charging is completed, when the voltage of the feedback capacitor C2 is higher than 3V, the voltage of the positive input end of the comparator A1 is higher than the voltage of the negative input end, the comparator A1 outputs a positive saturation value, the ON state power-taking switching tube Q1 can be driven to be conducted, and current does not flow through the D5 rectifier diode to charge an ON state circuit any more and flows back to a live wire directly;

when the charging is completed in the initial state of discharging, the comparator A1 may output a positive saturation value, and the ON state power-taking switch Q1 may be turned ON to turn ON the reference voltage converting transistor, and the ON state reference voltage converting transistor Q2 may turn ON the reverse input voltage of the comparator A1: 3v×20/(20+10) =2v (which is determined according to the voltage dividing resistance). The voltage of the feedback capacitor C2 is 3V, that is, the positive input (3V) of the voltage comparator is greater than the negative input voltage (2V), and there is a certain difference, which can enable the current positive saturated output state of the comparator A1 (for example, the comparator of LM 321) to be maintained for a period of time, that is, the discharge time.

In the discharging process, the electric energy stored in the feedback capacitor C2 can be discharged to the feedback resistor R13, the voltage ON the feedback capacitor C2 starts to drop until the voltage drops below 2V (the forward input voltage of the comparator A1 is lower than the reverse input voltage), the comparator A1 outputs a negative saturation value, at this time, the ON-state power-taking switch tube Q1 is turned off, the reference voltage converting transistor Q2 is turned off, and the reverse input voltage of the comparator A1 is changed to 3V again. At this time, if the ac is in the negative half cycle, the ac will flow through the rectifying diode D5 again to charge the rectifying energy storage unit that is powered ON, i.e. the first stage of charging.

Referring to fig. 7b, the upper curve in the figure is the voltage curve of the alternating current, the abscissa is time, the ordinate is voltage, the lower curve is the voltage curve of the charging and discharging of the feedback capacitor C2, the abscissa is time, and the ordinate is voltage. As shown, the discharging time of the feedback capacitor C2 may be configured as a half period of the alternating current accessed by the single-fire power-taking intelligent wall switch, and may be specifically realized by configuring parameters of the feedback resistor, the feedback capacitor, the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor.

Specifically, if the alternating current is 50HZ alternating current, then: the discharge time of the feedback capacitor C2 is in a range of 10ms in the center, for example, in a range of 8ms to 12 ms.

In one example, the feedback resistor R13 may take the following values: the feedback capacitance C2 may take the value of 33kΩ:680nF, the formula of the capacitor discharge time is:

when charging, V _t The voltage after discharge, the voltage before E discharge. When RC charges, the reference voltage converting triode Q2 is turned off, and the voltage of the reverse input end of the comparator A1 is VDD; when RC discharges, the reference voltage converting triode Q2 is conducted, and the voltage of the reverse input end of the voltage comparator is as follows:

E＝VDD，

Therefore, the discharge time is:

the discharge time is preferably half-period in the above scheme for the following reasons:

the discharge time is longer than half a cycle. Assuming that the direct current load is large enough, so that the charging time occupies the whole alternating current negative half wave, if the set discharging time is more than 10ms, then RC is still discharging when the negative half wave arrives after the end of the next positive half wave, and the negative half wave of the next period cannot charge the ON state, so that the output energy of the ON state power-taking circuit is insufficient, and the control panel is reset, which is not allowed; or, the ON-state power-taking switch tube is suddenly turned off at an uncertain time point of the negative half wave, so that the ON-state power-taking switch tube, the ON-state power-taking capacitor and the like are damaged due to high voltage.

The discharge time is less than half a cycle. If the discharge time is less than 10ms, the ON-state power-taking switch tube may be turned off again at an uncertain time point in the negative half wave of the same period, so that the ON-state power-taking switch tube, the ON-state power-taking capacitor and the like are damaged due to high voltage.

The discharge time is set to be an optimal value of 10ms, and further, due to the presence of certain errors, the finally achieved discharge time may be in the range of 10ms±2ms, i.e. the aforementioned interval range of 8ms to 12 ms. The ON-state power taking switch tube Q1 is turned off in the next positive half wave no matter how much the charging time is, the negative half wave is waited for, the charging is carried out in the initial time period of the negative half wave, and the voltage value in the initial time period is not too high, so that the ON-state circuit and the MOS tube at the rear end are safer.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the single fire power intelligent wall switch may further include a voltage conversion circuit 16 and a tank circuit 17.

The voltages output by the ON state power taking circuit 11 and the OFF state power taking circuit can be converted by the voltage conversion circuit 16 and then output to the processing and communication unit 15; referring to fig. 6, the input capacitance of the voltage conversion circuit 16 may be the input capacitance C3 shown in fig. 6.

The voltages output by the ON-state power taking circuit 11 and the OFF-state power taking circuit can be transmitted to the energy storage circuit 17, and the energy storage circuit 17 can store the transmitted electric energy and supply power to the switch driving circuit 13 by utilizing the stored electric energy; referring to fig. 6, the energy storage capacitor of the energy storage circuit 17 may be, for example, the energy storage capacitor C4 shown in fig. 6, and the two ends thereof may be connected in parallel with the zener diode Dz2.

In order to realize the isolation of the two paths, please refer to fig. 3, the single-fire power-taking intelligent wall switch further comprises a first isolation diode D2 and a second isolation diode D3.

The positive electrode of the first isolation diode D2 is connected to the output end of the ON state power taking circuit 11 (for example, connected to the rectifying energy storage unit 112 in the ON state power taking circuit 11), and the positive electrode of the second isolation diode D3 is connected to the first output end of the OFF state power taking circuit 12; the cathode of the first isolation diode D2 and the cathode of the second isolation diode D3 are both connected to the input side of the voltage conversion circuit 16, the cathode of the first diode D2 may also be connected to the voltage conversion circuit 16 via a resistor (e.g., resistor R17), the output side of the voltage conversion circuit 16 is connected to the processing and communication circuit 15, and is used for converting the voltage input from the input side thereof and outputting the converted voltage to the processing and communication circuit 15, where the output voltage may be VDD, for example. In addition, the outputted VDD may also be used to provide VDD for a reference voltage conversion device or for other uses.

Further, in order to isolate the switch driving circuit 13 from the processing and communication circuit 15 (specifically, the voltage conversion circuit 16 of the processing and communication circuit 15 and the tank circuit 17 of the switch driving circuit 13 may also be referred to as the isolation circuit), referring to fig. 3, the single fire power-taking intelligent wall switch may further include a third isolation diode D4.

The cathode of the first isolation diode D2 is further connected to the anode of the third isolation diode D4, the cathode of the first diode D2 may be further connected to the third isolation diode D4 via a resistor (e.g., a resistor R17), the cathode of the third isolation diode D4 is connected to the input side of the tank circuit 17, and the output side of the tank circuit 17 is connected to the switch driving circuit 13, for receiving and storing the electric energy input from the input side thereof, and supplying the stored electric energy to the switch driving circuit.

For the effect of the third isolation diode D4, in the case of relatively low lamp power, the ON-state power-taking output voltage may be lower than the operating voltage (e.g. 12V) of the output switch (e.g. relay), and if the third isolation diode D4 is not present, the energy storage capacitor connected to the switch driving circuit 13 will reversely supply power to the processing and communication circuit 15, so that the voltage drops, and the output switch S1 (e.g. relay) cannot be driven when the subsequent output switch S1 (e.g. relay) is controlled.

In one embodiment, the single fire wall switch may further include an indicator light for indicating the status of the relay, which may be, for example, an LED151 shown in fig. 2 and 3. The LED of the indicator light may be orange, the orange turn-on voltage is relatively small (less than 2.2V), and the blue turn-on voltage is generally above 3V. By selecting the appropriate LEDs, the lower the system voltage can be made, reducing the energy consumption of the overall system.

The indicator light may be configured to: when the output of the output switch S1 (e.g., relay) is ON, the indicator light is turned ON to indicate the state that the output is ON; and when the output switch S1 (e.g., relay) outputs OFF, the indicator light is turned OFF. Furthermore, the power consumption in the OFF state can be reduced as much as possible, so that the problem of flickering or micro-lighting of the lamp output in the OFF state is reduced.

In one embodiment, the output voltage of the above voltage conversion circuit 16 may power the above indicator lamps in addition to the processing and communication circuit 15 (e.g., including a processor and a wireless module), and thus the output voltage may be selected to meet these voltage requirements at the same time.

If the processing and communication circuit is configured with an indicator light such as an LED151, then: since the LED needs to emit light with a larger on-voltage than itself, the output voltage of the voltage conversion circuit 16 needs to be considered in terms of the on-voltage of the LED. For example: the output voltage can be chosen to be 2.2V, just greater than the turn-on voltage of the orange LED, and also greater than the lowest operating voltage of the processor and communication circuitry by 1.8V.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the OFF state power supply 12 has two output terminals, wherein a first output terminal of the OFF state power supply 12 is configured to output a first voltage and directly or indirectly power the processing and communication circuit 15 by using the first voltage, for example, the first output terminal may be connected to the voltage conversion circuit 16 via the second isolation diode D3, and a second output terminal of the OFF state power supply is configured to output a second voltage and directly or indirectly power the switch driving circuit 13 by using the second voltage, for example, the second output terminal may be connected to the energy storage circuit 17.

Among them, the voltage difference of the conversion of the voltage conversion circuit 16 of the supply processing and communication circuit 15 is relatively small, so that the efficiency of the voltage conversion is high, and the waste of electric energy can be reduced. Thus, the first voltage may be lower than the second voltage. In one example, the first voltage may be 3V, the second voltage may be 12V, and the driving voltage of the output switch S1 (e.g., relay) may be 12V.

In other embodiments, if the voltage required by the processing and communication circuit 15 is high, for example, if the voltage conversion circuit 16 is a boost circuit, the first voltage may be higher than the second voltage.

FIG. 8 is a circuit diagram of an OFF state fetching circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.

To achieve the above dual output voltages, the circuit shown in fig. 8 gives a specific implementation.

Referring to fig. 8, the OFF state extraction circuit 12 may include a transformer T, a power chip U1, a darlington Q3, a primary side capacitor C6, and a bypass capacitor C5.

The darlington tube Q3 may be formed by connecting two NPN type triodes, where the collector of the first NPN type triode is connected to the collector of the second NPN type triode to form a collector of the darlington tube Q3, the emitter of the second NPN type triode is connected to the base of the first NPN type triode, the emitter of the first NPN type triode can be used as the emitter of the darlington tube Q3, and the base of the second NPN type triode can be used as the base of the darlington tube Q3.

One pin (for example, BP/M pin) of the power chip U1 is connected to the first end of the bypass capacitor C5 and the collector of the darlington tube Q3, and the emitter of the darlington tube Q3 and the second end of the bypass capacitor C5 are connected to the live wire connection end (which may be a live wire connection post as shown in fig. 8); the base electrode of the Darlington tube Q3 is connected to the processing and communication circuit to obtain a control signal for controlling the on-off of the output switch. The resistor R24 may be connected in parallel between the emitter and the base of the darlington tube Q3, and meanwhile, the base of the darlington tube Q3 may be connected to the switch driving circuit or the processing and communication circuit through the resistor R26.

A first end connection of a primary winding of the transformer T is connected to a zero line via the external load, and a second end connection of the primary winding of the transformer T is connected to one pin (e.g., to a D pin) of the power supply chip; the first end of the sixth capacitor is connected with the first end of the primary winding of the transformer, and the second end of the sixth capacitor is connected with the live wire connecting end;

the secondary winding of the transformer T has three terminals, a first terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer T is used for outputting a power supply (for example, a first voltage) of one voltage, which can be outputted by VIN, for example, a third terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer T is connected to the live wire connection terminal, a third terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer T is used for outputting a power supply (for example, a second voltage) of another voltage, for example, a +12v, a second terminal of the secondary winding of the transformer T is grounded, and a second terminal of the secondary winding is located between the first terminal and the third terminal.

Specifically, the signal O1R may be a control signal for controlling the relay, and in the process of switching the system from OFF to ON, the O1R may send a forward pulse, which triggers the relay to switch states ON one hand, and also turns ON the second triode QR2 to release the power of the bypass capacitor C5, so that the power supply chip U1 is powered down and restarted, and possible abnormalities of the chip can be cleared.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 8, the OFF state power supply circuit 12 further includes a primary side diode D6 and a primary side zener diode Dz3;

the positive pole of the primary side diode D6 is connected to a zero line through the external load, and the negative pole of the primary side diode D6 is connected to the first end of the primary winding of the transformer T through a resistor R21; the two ends of the resistor R21 are connected in parallel with the primary side zener diode Dz3, and the positive electrode of the third zener diode Dz3 is connected with the first end of the primary winding of the transformer T.

It can be seen that, on the primary winding side of the transformer, the primary side diode D6 can rectify the input ac voltage, and the resistor 21 connected in series with the resistor, for example, 30kΩ, can effectively reduce static power consumption, the zener diode (i.e., zener diode Dz 3) connected in parallel with the resistor can be used as a current path during cold start power-up, so that the circuit can be started normally, and the clamp voltage of the zener diode should be higher than the voltage drop on the resistor R21 during normal operation of the circuit. The primary side capacitor C6 provides energy storage and EMI filtering. In normal operation mode, the power chip may be powered by 4 pins (i.e., the D pin).

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 8, the OFF-state power-taking circuit 12 further includes a secondary side first capacitor C7, a secondary side second capacitor C8, a sampling capacitor C9, a secondary side first diode D7 and a secondary side second diode D8;

The positive electrode of the secondary side first diode D7 is connected with the first end of the secondary coil, the negative electrode of the secondary side first diode D7 is connected with the positive electrode of the secondary side second diode D8, and the negative electrode of the secondary side second diode D8 is used for outputting power supply (such as first voltage) of one voltage;

the first ends of the secondary side first capacitor C7 and the secondary side second capacitor C8 are connected between the secondary side first diode D7 and the secondary side second diode D8, and the second ends of the secondary side first capacitor C7 and the secondary side second capacitor C8 are grounded;

the positive electrode of the secondary side second diode D8 is further grounded via a series voltage dividing resistor (i.e., a voltage dividing resistor R22 and a voltage dividing resistor R23), and the current detecting pin (i.e., FB pin) of the power chip U1 is connected between the two voltage dividing resistors; the first end of the sampling capacitor C9 is connected with the current detection pin, and the second end of the sampling capacitor C9 is also connected to the live wire connection end.

On the output winding side of the transformer T, the output winding voltage is divided and sampled by the feedback pin FB of the power supply chip through R22 and R23, and the sampling pin is subjected to high-frequency filtering by using the sampling capacitor C9.

In an implementation process, the OFF state power supply circuit 12 may further include a secondary side third diode D9, a secondary side fourth diode D10, and a secondary side third capacitor C10;

The positive electrode of the secondary side third diode D9 is connected to the third end of the secondary coil, the negative electrode of the secondary side third diode D9 is connected to the positive electrode of the secondary side fourth diode D10, and the negative electrode of the secondary side fourth diode D10 is used for outputting another power supply voltage (for example, a second voltage); a first end of the secondary side third capacitor C10 is connected between the negative electrode of the secondary side third diode D9 and the positive electrode of the secondary side fourth diode D10, and a second end of the secondary side third capacitor C10 is grounded; the negative electrode of the secondary side third diode D9 and the positive electrode of the secondary side fourth diode D10 are also connected to the collector of the darlington tube Q3 via a resistor R25.

In addition, the power chip U1 can adopt the internal short-circuit protection of the LNK3202D chip, the chip collects the current flowing through the internal MOSFET, when the current is larger than a threshold value, the output is automatically turned off, the current threshold value is shown in the following table, and the limiting current of the LNK3202D is about 170mA.

FIG. 9a is a schematic diagram of a capacitive driving circuit; FIG. 9b is a schematic diagram II of a capacitive driving circuit; FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a capacitive monostable driving circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a bridge driving circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.

The driving circuit of the single-coil magnetic latching relay mainly comprises two schemes of capacitance type and bridge type, and the driving circuit is exemplified below.

In one embodiment, the switch driving circuit 13 may be a capacitive monostable driving circuit.

Referring to fig. 10, the capacitive monostable driving circuit may include a driving circuit first MOS transistor Q4, a driving circuit second MOS transistor Q5, a driving circuit capacitor C11, and a driving circuit diode D11;

the grid electrode of the first MOS tube Q4 of the driving circuit is connected to the processing and communication circuit 15 to receive a control signal for controlling the on-off of the output switch, the source electrode of the first MOS tube Q4 of the driving circuit is grounded, a resistor R32 is connected between the source electrode and the grid electrode of the first MOS tube Q4 of the driving circuit, the drain electrode of the first MOS tube Q4 of the driving circuit is connected with the grid electrode of the second MOS tube Q5 of the driving circuit and the negative electrode of the diode D11 of the driving circuit, the drain electrode of the second MOS tube Q5 of the driving circuit and the first end of the capacitor C11 of the driving circuit are connected with the power end of the capacitive monostable driving circuit, namely RELAY (for example, 12V), the drain electrode and the grid electrode of the second MOS tube Q5 of the driving circuit are connected with a resistor R33, the source electrode of the second MOS tube Q5 of the driving circuit is connected with the first end of the first side of the output switch S1 and the positive electrode of the diode D11 of the driving circuit, the second end of the driving circuit capacitor C11 is connected with the second end of the second side of the output switch S1 of the second side of the output switch and the two ends of the output switch are connected with the external load.

The advantage of the capacitive driving circuit is that each output switch (e.g. relay) only needs 1 driving IO signal (i.e. the signal of the gate of the first MOS transistor Q4 of the driving circuit), so that IO resources can be saved.

Referring to fig. 9a and 9b, taking a relay as an example of the output switch, the rising edge of a given input signal is equivalent to a step response, current is supplied to a relay coil through a capacitor to form a pulse current, a relay contact is closed, and after the capacitor is fully charged, the current on the coil is zero; when an input signal is disconnected, the capacitor starts to discharge, the triode is conducted through the resistor based on the power supply, and current reversely supplies power to the coil through the triode, so that the relay coil is reset, and the contact is disconnected. During the high level of the input signal, a small current flows from the resistor to GND, the current can be called a quiescent current, the magnitude of the quiescent current is determined by the resistance value R, if the value of R is too large, the base current of the triode is too small, the triode cannot be fully conducted, and the relay cannot be reset.

The minimum value of the capacitance C was tested to be 22uF. According to parameters provided by a relay data manual, the resistance of the magnetic holding coil is 360 omega, the power is 0.4W, and the coil current required by the relay action can be calculated as follows:

Taking NPN transistor S9103 as an example, it is theoretically necessary to provide a base current of 150uA or more to achieve a collector current of 33 mA. The capacitor stores limited energy, in fact, during the discharging process of the capacitor, the current drops exponentially, and it is impossible to keep 33mA, and the conduction internal resistance of the triode is added, and the capacitor passes throughIn practice, the 22uF capacitance needs to match the 300uA base current to ensure reliable reset of the relay coil. The resistance value is:

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during the high signal period, there will be a quiescent current of 300uA across the resistor, which in the case of a three-way relay would require approximately 1mA of drive current, which is clearly unacceptable.

The static current can be greatly reduced by changing the triode in the circuit into an N-MOS. Therefore, in the circuit shown in fig. 10, the driving circuit first MOS transistor Q4 and the driving circuit second MOS transistor Q5 may be adopted, the MOSFET may be voltage-driven, the required current is small, the MOSFET model may be specifically 2SK3018, as known from the data manual, the threshold voltage of the device is 1.5V at maximum, and the gate input capacitance C _iss =13 pF. The capacitance charge calculation formula is:

v ₁ the voltage to which the capacitor can be charged finally;

v ₀ the initial voltage is 0;

v _t Charging to the voltage at the time t;

assuming that the gate capacitance voltage is charged to 1.5V, it can be calculated by substituting the formula:

if the resistance is 6mΩ, the charging time is t= 10.374uS; assuming the voltage is charged to 90% VCC (10.8V), the carry-over formula calculates:

if the resistance is 6MΩ, the charging time is: t= 179.601uS. Compared with a relay wireThe pulse time of 10mS is fully satisfied by the gate capacitance charge time. And the quiescent current is only 2uA when the resistance is 6mΩ.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a bridge driving circuit according to an embodiment of the utility model.

In another embodiment, the switch driving circuit 13 may be a bridge driving circuit.

Referring to fig. 11, the bridge driving circuit includes a driving circuit first transistor Q6, a driving circuit second transistor Q7, a driving circuit third transistor Q8, a driving circuit fourth transistor Q9, a driving circuit fifth transistor Q10 and a driving circuit sixth transistor Q11; the first triode Q6 of the driving circuit and the fourth triode Q9 of the driving circuit are PNP, and the second triode Q7 of the driving circuit, the third triode Q8 of the driving circuit, the fifth triode Q10 of the driving circuit and the sixth triode Q11 of the driving circuit are NPN;

The collectors of the first triode Q6 and the fourth triode Q9 are respectively connected to the power supply end of the bridge type driving circuit, the emitter of the first triode Q6 of the driving circuit is connected to the first end of the first side of the output switch S1, and the emitter of the fourth triode Q9 of the driving circuit is connected to the second end of the first side of the output switch S1; two ends of the second side of the output switch S1 are connected between the live wire connecting end and the external load; specifically, the first end of the second side may be connected to the live wire connection end, the second end of the second side may be connected to the lamp load via the diode D13, and further connected to the neutral line, and at the same time, the second end of the second side may be grounded via the variable resistor RT.

The base electrode of the first triode Q6 of the driving circuit is connected to the collector electrode of the second triode Q7 of the driving circuit through a resistor R35, the emitter electrode of the second triode Q7 of the driving circuit is grounded, the base electrode of the fourth triode Q9 of the driving circuit is connected to the collector electrode of the fifth triode Q10 of the driving circuit through a resistor R34, and the emitter electrode of the fifth triode Q10 of the driving circuit is grounded;

the collector of the third triode Q8 of the driving circuit is connected to the first end of the first side of the relay S1, the emitter of the third triode Q8 of the driving circuit is grounded, the collector of the sixth triode Q11 of the driving circuit is connected to the second end of the first side of the relay S1, and the emitter of the eighth triode QR is grounded;

The bases of the driving circuit second triode Q7, the driving circuit third triode Q8, the driving circuit fifth triode Q10 and the driving circuit sixth triode Q11 are connected to the processing and communication circuit 15 so as to receive a control signal for controlling the on-off of the output switch.

In the implementation process, a control signal, namely O1S, can output 10mS pulse, so that an output switch is conducted, during the high level period of O1S, a fifth triode Q10 of a driving circuit is conducted, so that a current path is formed from 12V to GND through a base electrode of a fourth triode Q9 of the driving circuit and a resistor R34, the base current of the fourth triode Q9 of the driving circuit is (12V-0.7V)/51KΩ= 221.5uA, the base current is enough to enable the fourth triode Q9 of the driving circuit to be completely conducted, meanwhile, a third triode Q8 of the driving circuit is conducted, a relay coil is positively electrified, after the pulse is ended, O1S is recovered to be at a low level, all the triodes are disconnected, and consumption current is 0; similarly, the O1R outputs 10mS pulse, the first triode Q6 of the driving circuit and the sixth triode Q11 of the driving circuit are conducted, the relay coil is reversely electrified, and the output switch is disconnected.

If the output switch is used for a short period of time, the resistance of the relay coil can be 360 omega, the instantaneous rated current is 33mA, and the current flowing through the collector electrode of the triode is 33mA for the relay to effectively operate. According to the static operation characteristic of the dual PNP triode, the gain is about 150 when the collector current is 33mA, and the base current is about 220uA.

When the collector electrode of the double NPN triode is 33mA, the gain is 200, and the base current is 150uA. Assuming a high level voltage of 3V, (3-0.7)/(150=15.3 kΩ, the base current limiting resistor must be less than 15K; assuming a high level voltage of 2V, (2-0.7)/(150=8.6kΩ), the base current limiting resistor must be less than 8kΩ.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a wireless control device according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 13 is a second schematic diagram of a wireless control device according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of a third configuration of a wireless control device according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a power supply control system in an embodiment of the present invention.

In one embodiment, please refer to fig. 12, the single-fire power-taking intelligent wall switch 1 further includes a radio frequency antenna 18, the radio frequency antenna 18 is used for communicating with the self-generating switch 3, the processing and communication circuit 15 is connected to the radio frequency antenna 18, the processing and communication circuit 15 is further connected to the switch driving circuit 13, so that the switch driving circuit 13 is used to control the on and off of the output switch S1 under the remote control of the self-generating switch 3, and in particular, a remote control signal sent by the self-generating switch 3 and used to remotely control the on and off of the output switch S1 can be received, and the output switch S1 is controlled in response to the remote control signal.

In one embodiment, please refer to fig. 13, the single-fire power-taking intelligent wall switch further includes a bluetooth antenna 19, the bluetooth antenna 19 is used for communicating with the intelligent device 4, the processing and communication circuit 15 is connected to the bluetooth antenna 19, the processing and communication circuit 15 is further connected to the switch driving circuit 13, so that the switch driving circuit 13 is used to control the on/off of the output switch S1 under the remote control of the intelligent device 4, and specifically, a remote control signal sent by the intelligent device 4 and used to remotely control the on/off of the output switch S1 can be received, and the output switch S1 is controlled in response to the remote control signal.

The rf antenna 18 and the rf related circuit in the processing and communication circuit 15 may form an rf module, so as to complete signal processing of rf communication; the bluetooth antenna 19 and bluetooth related circuits in the processing and communication circuit 15 may form a bluetooth module to complete signal processing of bluetooth communication.

Specifically, the radio frequency module may be a 433M radio module, where the 433M radio module is to continuously monitor the signal from the power generation remote control switch, and the signal from the power generation switch is short and random, so that the 433MHZ radio module will continuously be in a receiving state to scan the signal from the power generation remote control switch.

The intelligent device interacted with by the Bluetooth module can be a voice sound box, so as to reduce the working current as much as possible, and reduce the requirement ON a single-fire power-taking circuit (in an OFF state, the power consumption of the circuit module is too large, so that a lamp is slightly bright or blinks, and in an ON state, if the power of the lamp is smaller, enough current cannot be provided to the back end), the Bluetooth module can be configured to periodically sleep and then wake up to monitor commands (such as a remote control signal). Correspondingly, when the voice sound box is used as the central control device to send a command to the single fire wall switch, the command is sent by using a continuous sending mode, namely the command is repeatedly sent for a period of time, and the period of time is at least longer than the dormancy time of the single fire wall switch, so that the wall switch can receive the command sent by at least one packet of voice sound box after being awakened.

Referring to fig. 12, the embodiment of the invention further provides a wireless control device, which comprises the self-generating switch 3 and the single-fire electricity-taking intelligent wall switch 1 interacted with the self-generating switch.

In specific example, referring to fig. 13, the self-generating switch 3 includes a processing module 31, a wireless module 32, a kinetic energy generating module 33, a DCDC module 34 and a key input module 35; wherein:

When the key input module 35 is controlled, the kinetic energy generating module 33 can be triggered to generate electric energy, the generated electric energy can be stored in the DCDC module 34, and the voltage converted by the DCDC module 34 is used for supplying power to the processing module 31 and the wireless module 32;

the processing module 31 can send a remote control signal to the radio frequency antenna 18 of the single-fire electricity-taking intelligent wall switch 1 through the antenna of the wireless module 32, and the processing module 31 can send the remote control signal when the key input module 35 is controlled.

Referring to fig. 14, the embodiment of the invention further provides a wireless control device, which comprises the intelligent device 4 and the single-fire electricity-taking intelligent wall switch 1 capable of interacting with the intelligent device.

Referring to fig. 15, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a power supply control system, which includes the wireless control device shown in fig. 12 and 13, and the above-mentioned smart device 4, where the processing and communication circuit 15 is further capable of directly or indirectly communicating with the smart device 4 to control the opening and closing of the output switch 14 by using the switch driving circuit 13 under the remote control of the smart device.

FIG. 16 is a flowchart illustrating a power up method of an ON power up circuit according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 17 is a second flowchart of a power-up method of the ON power-up circuit according to an embodiment of the invention.

Referring to fig. 16 and 17, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a power-taking method for an ON-state power-taking circuit, which is applied to the ON-state power-taking circuit when the output switch is turned ON in the single-fire power-taking intelligent switch related to the above alternative scheme, and the power-taking method can also be regarded as a working process of the ON-state power-taking circuit in the circuit shown in fig. 2, and includes:

the following procedure was repeatedly performed:

s51: when the comparator controls the ON state power taking switch tube to be kept off and controls the reference voltage conversion module to feed back a first reference voltage, and alternating current which is accessed by the single-fire power taking intelligent switch enters a negative half period, negative half-wave current flows through the zero line, the external load and the output switch to the rectifying energy storage module, the rectifying energy storage module starts to be charged, and the voltage of the rectifying energy storage module rises along with the charging;

s52: when the voltage collected and fed back to the comparator by the feedback voltage conversion unit is higher than the first reference voltage, the comparator controls the ON state power-taking switch tube to be conducted, and controls the reference voltage conversion module to convert the voltage into feedback second reference voltage, wherein the second reference voltage is smaller than the first reference voltage, at the moment, the current transmitted by the zero line, the external load and the output switch flows to the fire wire through the connection end of the fire wire, the rectifying energy storage module is not charged any more, and the voltage collected and fed back to the comparator by the feedback voltage conversion unit starts to drop;

S53: when the voltage collected and fed back to the comparator by the feedback voltage conversion unit is lower than the second reference voltage, the comparator controls the ON-state power-taking switching tube to be turned off, and controls the reference voltage conversion module to feed back the first reference voltage.

In one embodiment, in combination with the circuits shown in fig. 5 and 6, the following applies: the voltage which is collected by the feedback voltage conversion unit and fed back to the comparator is the voltage of the feedback capacitor.

After the rectifying and energy-storing module starts to be charged, i.e. after step S51, the method further includes:

s54: when the voltage of the rectifying energy storage module rises to enable the feedback voltage stabilizing diode to reversely break down, the feedback capacitor starts to be charged by the voltage of the rectifying energy storage module, and the voltage of the feedback capacitor rises along with the voltage;

the voltage collected by the feedback voltage conversion unit and fed back to the comparator starts to drop, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

the feedback capacitor begins to discharge through the feedback resistor, and the voltage of the feedback capacitor decreases with the feedback resistor.

In one embodiment, the comparator controls the reference voltage conversion module to feed back the first reference voltage, and specifically includes:

The comparator controls the reference voltage converting triode to be turned off, and the first reference voltage is the voltage of the voltage source;

the comparator controls the reference voltage conversion module to convert into a feedback first reference voltage, and specifically comprises the following steps:

the comparator controls the reference voltage converting triode to be conducted, and the second reference voltage is the voltage obtained by dividing the voltage source by the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor.

Optionally, when the reference voltage conversion module is controlled to convert to the feedback second reference voltage, the voltage of the feedback capacitor is still at the first reference voltage, and in the process that the voltage of the feedback capacitor is changed from the first reference voltage to be smaller than the second reference voltage, the output state of the comparator is kept unchanged, and the time for keeping unchanged is the discharging time of the feedback capacitor.

Optionally, the discharging time of the feedback capacitor is a half period of the alternating current accessed by the single-fire power-taking intelligent switch.

Optionally, the rectifying energy storage unit includes an energy storage capacitor and a rectifying diode, the positive electrode of the rectifying diode is connected to the ON-state power-taking node, the negative electrode of the rectifying diode is directly or indirectly connected to the processing and communication circuit and the switch driving circuit, and the energy storage capacitor is connected between the negative electrode of the rectifying diode and the ground;

The voltage of the rectifying energy storage module is specifically the voltage of the energy storage capacitor;

negative half-wave current flows through the zero line, the external load and the output switch to the rectifying and energy storing module, the rectifying and energy storing module starts to be charged, and the voltage of the rectifying and energy storing module rises along with the rise, and the method comprises the following steps:

the negative half-wave current flows through the zero line, the external load and the output switch to the energy storage capacitor, the energy storage capacitor starts to be charged, and the voltage of the energy storage capacitor rises along with the charging.

The above processing procedure can be understood as the operation procedure of the ON-state power supply circuit 11, so that the related technical terms, technical effects and alternative embodiments can be understood with reference to the related description.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. The single-fire power-taking intelligent switch is characterized by comprising an ON power-taking circuit, an OFF power-taking circuit, a processing and communication circuit, an output switch and a switch driving circuit for driving the output switch to be turned ON or OFF;

the output of the ON state power-taking circuit and the output of the OFF state power-taking circuit can be combined to supply power for the processing and communication circuit and the switch driving circuit;

the ON state power-taking circuit comprises: the device comprises a voltage regulator, an ON state power-taking switch tube, an ON state bypass diode and a rectifying energy storage unit;

the ON state power-taking switch tube is connected with the output switch in series and then connected between the live wire connecting end and the external load; the ON state bypass diode is connected in parallel with the ON state power-taking switch;

The rectification energy storage unit is connected with an ON power taking node between the ON power taking switch tube and the output switch and is used for storing electric energy generated by the ON power taking node, and the electric energy stored by the rectification energy storage unit can be directly or indirectly output to the processing and communication circuit and the switch driving circuit;

the voltage regulator is connected with the rectification energy storage unit to collect the voltage of the rectification energy storage unit, and is also connected with the control electrode of the ON state power-taking switching tube to control the ON-off of the ON state power-taking switching tube according to the collected voltage;

the voltage regulator includes: the feedback voltage conversion unit, the reference voltage conversion unit and the comparator;

the feedback voltage conversion unit is connected with the first input end of the comparator and the rectifying energy storage unit so as to collect the voltage of the rectifying energy storage unit and feed the collected voltage back to the comparator;

the reference voltage conversion unit is connected with the second input end of the comparator so as to feed back a reference voltage to the comparator;

the output end of the comparator is connected with the control electrode of the ON state electricity-taking switching tube so as to control the ON-off of the ON state electricity-taking switching tube according to the comparison result of the voltages of the two input ends of the comparator.

2. The single fire power take intelligent switch according to claim 1, wherein the feedback voltage conversion unit comprises a feedback voltage stabilizing diode, a feedback capacitor and a feedback resistor;

the feedback capacitor is connected between the first input end of the comparator and the ground, the feedback resistor is connected between the first input end of the comparator and the ground, the positive electrode of the feedback voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the first input end of the comparator, and the negative electrode of the feedback voltage stabilizing diode is connected to the rectifying energy storage unit.

3. The single-fire power-taking intelligent switch according to claim 2, wherein the reference voltage conversion unit comprises a first voltage dividing resistor, a second voltage dividing resistor and a reference voltage converting triode;

the first voltage dividing resistor, the second voltage dividing resistor and the reference voltage converting triode are connected in series between a voltage source and the ground; the reference voltage is the voltage of a node between the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor, the base electrode of the reference voltage converting triode is directly or indirectly connected to the output end of the comparator so as to convert the reference voltage under the control of the comparator, and the voltage source is provided by the voltage conversion circuit.

4. The single fire power take intelligent switch of claim 3, wherein parameters of the feedback resistor, the feedback capacitor, the first voltage divider resistor, and the second voltage divider resistor are configured to enable: and the discharging time of the feedback capacitor is a half period of alternating current accessed by the single-fire electricity taking intelligent switch.

5. The single fire power take intelligent switch of claim 4, wherein the alternating current is 50HZ alternating current and the discharge time of the feedback capacitor is within a 10ms interval.

6. A single fire power intelligent switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said rectifying and energy storage unit comprises an energy storage capacitor and a rectifying diode, the anode of said rectifying diode is connected to said ON power node, the cathode of said rectifying diode is directly or indirectly connected to said processing and communication circuit and said switch driving circuit, and said energy storage capacitor is connected between the cathode of said rectifying diode and ground.

7. The single fire power intelligent switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a first isolation diode, a second isolation diode, and a voltage conversion circuit;

The positive electrode of the first isolation diode is connected with the output end of the ON state power taking circuit, and the positive electrode of the second isolation diode is connected with the first output end of the OFF state power taking circuit; the negative electrode of the first isolation diode and the negative electrode of the second isolation diode are both connected with the input side of the voltage conversion circuit, and the output side of the voltage conversion circuit is connected with the processing and communication circuit and is used for converting the voltage input by the input side of the voltage conversion circuit and outputting the converted voltage to the processing and communication circuit.

8. The single fire power intelligent switch according to claim 7, further comprising a third isolation diode and a tank circuit;

the negative electrode of the first isolation diode is also connected with the positive electrode of the third isolation diode, the negative electrode of the third isolation diode is connected with the input side of the energy storage circuit, the output side of the energy storage circuit is connected with the switch driving circuit and is used for receiving and storing the electric energy input by the input side of the energy storage circuit and supplying the stored electric energy to the switch driving circuit.

9. A single fire power intelligent switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein,

the OFF state power taking circuit is provided with two output ends, a first output end of the OFF state power taking circuit is used for outputting a first voltage and directly or indirectly supplying power to the processing and communication circuit by utilizing the first voltage, a second output end of the OFF state power taking circuit is used for outputting a second voltage and directly or indirectly supplying power to the switch driving circuit by utilizing the second voltage, and the first voltage is lower than the second voltage.

10. The single fire power intelligent switch according to claim 9, wherein the OFF state power circuit comprises a transformer, a power chip, a darlington tube, a bypass capacitor and a primary side capacitor;

the BP/M pin of the power chip is respectively connected with the first end of the bypass capacitor and the collector electrode of the Darlington tube, and the emitter electrode of the Darlington tube and the second end of the bypass capacitor are connected to the live wire connecting end; the base electrode of the Darlington tube is connected to the processing and communication circuit to acquire a control signal, wherein the control signal is a signal which is output to the switch driving circuit by the processing and communication circuit and is used for controlling the on-off of the output switch;

the first end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to a zero line through the external load, and the second end of the primary winding of the transformer is connected to the D pin of the power chip; a first end of the primary side capacitor is connected with a first end of a primary winding of the transformer, and a second end of the primary side capacitor is connected with the live wire connection end;

the secondary winding of the transformer is provided with three ends, a first end of the secondary winding of the transformer is used for outputting the first voltage, a second end of the secondary winding of the transformer is grounded, a third end of the secondary winding of the transformer is used for outputting the second voltage, and a second end of the secondary winding is positioned between the first end and the third end.

11. The single fire power intelligent switch according to claim 10, wherein said OFF state power circuit further comprises a primary side diode and a primary side zener diode;

the positive pole of the primary side diode is connected to a zero line through the external load, the negative pole of the primary side diode is connected to the first end of the primary winding of the transformer through a resistor, the two ends of the resistor are connected with the primary side zener diode in parallel, and the positive pole of the primary side zener diode is connected with the first end of the primary winding of the transformer.

12. The single fire power intelligent switch according to claim 10, wherein the OFF state power circuit further comprises a secondary side first capacitor, a secondary side second capacitor, a sampling capacitor, a secondary side first diode and a secondary side second diode;

the positive electrode of the secondary side first diode is connected with the first end of the secondary coil, the negative electrode of the secondary side second diode is connected with the positive electrode of the secondary side second diode, and the negative electrode of the secondary side second diode is used for outputting power supply of a voltage;

the first ends of the secondary side first capacitor and the secondary side second capacitor are connected between the secondary side first diode and the secondary side second diode, and the second ends of the secondary side first capacitor and the secondary side second capacitor are grounded;

The positive pole of secondary side second diode still connects to the ground through series connection's bleeder resistor, power chip's current detection foot is connected to between two bleeder resistors, sampling capacitor's first end is connected the current detection foot, sampling capacitor's second end still connects to the live wire link.

13. The single fire power intelligent switch of claim 10, wherein said OFF state power circuit further comprises a secondary side third diode, a secondary side fourth diode and a secondary side third capacitor;

the anode of the secondary side third diode is connected with the third end of the secondary coil, the cathode of the secondary side third diode is connected with the anode of the secondary side fourth diode, and the cathode of the secondary side fourth diode is used for outputting the second voltage; the first end of the secondary side third capacitor is connected between the negative electrode of the secondary side third diode and the positive electrode of the secondary side fourth diode, and the second end of the secondary side third capacitor is grounded; the negative electrode of the secondary side third diode and the positive electrode of the secondary side fourth diode are also connected to the collector of the darlington tube through resistors.

14. A single fire power intelligent switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the switch drive circuit is a capacitive monostable drive circuit.

15. The single fire power take intelligent switch of claim 14, wherein the capacitive monostable drive circuit comprises a drive circuit first MOS transistor, a drive circuit second MOS transistor, a drive circuit capacitor, and a drive circuit diode;

the grid electrode of the first MOS tube of the driving circuit is connected to the processing and communication circuit so as to receive a control signal for controlling the on-off of the output switch, the source electrode of the first MOS tube of the driving circuit is grounded, a resistor is connected between the source electrode and the grid electrode of the first MOS tube of the driving circuit, the drain electrode of the first MOS tube of the driving circuit is connected with the grid electrode of the second MOS tube of the driving circuit and the cathode of the diode of the driving circuit, the drain electrode of the second MOS tube of the driving circuit and the first end of the capacitor of the driving circuit are connected with the power end of the capacitive monostable driving circuit, a resistor is connected between the drain electrode and the grid electrode of the second MOS tube of the driving circuit, the source electrode of the second MOS tube of the driving circuit is connected with the first end of the first side of the output switch and the anode of the diode of the driving circuit, and the second end of the second side of the capacitor of the driving circuit is connected with the second end of the first side of the output switch and the live wire between the connecting end and the external load.

16. A single fire power intelligent switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the switch drive circuit is a bridge drive circuit.

17. The single fire power intelligent switch according to claim 16, wherein the bridge type driving circuit comprises a driving circuit first triode, a driving circuit second triode, a driving circuit third triode, a driving circuit fourth triode, a driving circuit fifth triode and a driving circuit sixth triode; the first triode of the driving circuit and the fourth triode of the driving circuit are PNP, and the second triode of the driving circuit, the third triode of the driving circuit, the fifth triode of the driving circuit and the sixth triode of the driving circuit are NPN;

the collector electrodes of the first triode of the driving circuit and the fourth triode of the driving circuit are respectively connected to the power supply end of the bridge type driving circuit, the emitter electrode of the first triode of the driving circuit is connected to the first end of the first side of the output switch, and the emitter electrode of the fourth triode of the driving circuit is connected to the second end of the first side of the output switch; two ends of the second side of the output switch are connected between the live wire connecting end and the external load;

The base electrode of the first triode of the driving circuit is connected to the collector electrode of the second triode of the driving circuit through a resistor, the emitting electrode of the second triode of the driving circuit is grounded, the base electrode of the fourth triode of the driving circuit is connected to the collector electrode of the fifth triode of the driving circuit through a resistor, and the emitting electrode of the fifth triode of the driving circuit is grounded;

the collector of the third triode of the driving circuit is connected to the first end of the first side of the output switch, the emitter of the third triode of the driving circuit is grounded, the collector of the sixth triode of the driving circuit is connected to the second end of the first side of the output switch, and the emitter of the sixth triode of the driving circuit is grounded;

the base electrodes of the second triode of the driving circuit, the third triode of the driving circuit, the fifth triode of the driving circuit and the sixth triode of the driving circuit are connected to the processing and communication circuit so as to receive control signals for controlling the on-off of the output switch.

18. A single fire power intelligent switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an indicator light for indicating the status of said output switch.

19. The single fire power intelligent switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a radio frequency antenna for communicating with a self-generating switch, wherein the processing and communication circuit is connected to the radio frequency antenna, and wherein the processing and communication circuit is further connected to the switch driving circuit for controlling the opening and closing of the output switch by the switch driving circuit under the remote control of the self-generating switch.

20. A single fire power intelligent switch according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a bluetooth antenna for communicating with an intelligent device, said processing and communication circuit being connected to said bluetooth antenna, said processing and communication circuit being further connected to said switch drive circuit for controlling the opening and closing of said output switch by said switch drive circuit under remote control of said intelligent device.

21. A wireless control device, comprising a self-generating switch and the single-fire electricity-taking intelligent switch of claim 19.

22. A wireless control device, comprising an intelligent device and the single-fire power-taking intelligent switch of claim 20.

23. A power supply control system comprising the wireless control device of claim 21 and a smart device, the processing and communication circuitry further capable of directly or indirectly communicating with the smart device to control the opening and closing of the output switch under remote control of the smart device using the switch drive circuitry.

24. The power taking method of the ON state power taking circuit is characterized by being applied to the ON state power taking circuit when the output switch is ON in the single fire power taking intelligent switch of claim 1, and comprises the following steps:

the following procedure was repeatedly performed:

when the comparator controls the ON state power-taking switch tube to be kept off and controls the reference voltage conversion unit to feed back a first reference voltage, and alternating current which is accessed by the single-fire power-taking intelligent switch enters a negative half period, negative half-wave current flows through the zero line, the external load and the output switch to the rectifying energy storage unit, the rectifying energy storage unit starts to be charged, and the voltage of the rectifying energy storage unit rises along with the charging;

when the voltage collected by the feedback voltage conversion unit and fed back to the comparator is higher than the first reference voltage, the comparator controls the ON state power-taking switch tube to be conducted, and controls the reference voltage conversion unit to convert the voltage into feedback second reference voltage, wherein the second reference voltage is smaller than the first reference voltage, at the moment, the current transmitted by the zero line, the external load and the output switch flows to the fire wire through the connection end of the fire wire, the rectifying energy storage unit is not charged any more, and the voltage collected by the feedback voltage conversion unit and fed back to the comparator starts to drop;

When the voltage collected and fed back to the comparator by the feedback voltage conversion unit is lower than the second reference voltage, the comparator controls the ON-state power-taking switching tube to be turned off, and controls the reference voltage conversion unit to feed back the first reference voltage.

25. The power-ON method of claim 24, wherein the feedback voltage converting unit comprises a feedback voltage regulator diode, a feedback capacitor and a feedback resistor;

the feedback capacitor is connected between the first input end of the comparator and the ground, the feedback resistor is connected between the first input end of the comparator and the ground, the positive electrode of the feedback voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the first input end of the comparator, and the negative electrode of the feedback voltage stabilizing diode is connected to the rectifying energy storage unit;

the voltage collected by the feedback voltage conversion unit and fed back to the comparator is the voltage of the feedback capacitor;

after the rectifying and energy-storing unit starts to be charged, the method further comprises the following steps:

when the voltage of the rectification energy storage unit rises to enable the feedback voltage stabilizing diode to reversely break down, the feedback capacitor starts to be charged by the voltage of the rectification energy storage unit, and the voltage of the feedback capacitor rises along with the voltage;

26. The power-up method of claim 25, wherein the reference voltage transformation unit comprises a first voltage dividing resistor, a second voltage dividing resistor and a reference voltage converting triode;

the first voltage dividing resistor, the second voltage dividing resistor and the reference voltage converting triode are connected in series between a voltage source and the ground; the reference voltage is the voltage of a node between the first voltage dividing resistor and the second voltage dividing resistor, the base electrode of the reference voltage converting triode is directly or indirectly connected to the output end of the comparator so as to convert the reference voltage under the control of the comparator, and the voltage source is provided by a voltage conversion circuit;

the comparator controls the reference voltage conversion unit to feed back a first reference voltage, and specifically comprises:

The comparator controls the reference voltage conversion unit to convert into a feedback first reference voltage, and specifically comprises the following steps:

27. The power-ON method of claim 26, wherein the voltage of the feedback capacitor remains at the first reference voltage when the reference voltage conversion unit is controlled to convert to the feedback second reference voltage, the output state of the comparator remains unchanged during the process of changing the voltage of the feedback capacitor from the first reference voltage to less than the second reference voltage, and the maintaining time is the discharging time of the feedback capacitor.

28. The method of claim 27, wherein the discharging time of the feedback capacitor is half a period of the ac power to which the single-fire power intelligent switch is connected.

29. The power extraction method of an ON-state power extraction circuit according to any one of claims 25 to 28, wherein the rectifying and energy storage unit comprises an energy storage capacitor and a rectifying diode, the anode of the rectifying diode is connected to the ON-state power extraction node, the cathode of the rectifying diode is directly or indirectly connected to the processing and communication circuit and the switch driving circuit, and the energy storage capacitor is connected between the cathode of the rectifying diode and ground;

The voltage of the rectifying energy storage unit is specifically the voltage of the energy storage capacitor;

negative half-wave current flows through the zero line, the external load and the output switch to the rectifying and energy storing unit, the rectifying and energy storing unit starts to be charged, and the voltage of the rectifying and energy storing unit rises along with the rise, and the method comprises the following steps: