CN111538078A - Observation mode determination method and device of two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system - Google Patents
Observation mode determination method and device of two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an observation mode determining method and device of a two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining the stacking combination interval of the stacking combination data of the common reflection points according to the interference wave wavelength of the seismic exploration area, wherein the stacking combination data of the common reflection points are stacking signals of seismic reflection signals of a plurality of common reflection points; determining the offset uniformity according to the offset and the stacking combination distance of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system; determining a plurality of observation modes of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to the offset uniformity; performing stack response analysis on the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in each observation mode to obtain stack response corresponding to each observation mode; and determining the optimal observation mode of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from the multiple observation modes according to the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode. The invention can design a two-dimensional wide-line earthquake observation system, and has low cost and high precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geophysical exploration, in particular to an observation mode determining method and device of a two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system.
Background
With the continuous deepening of seismic exploration degree, the exploration difficulty is more and more large, and as the seismic profile cannot meet the requirement of geological structure explanation, a correct well position cannot be provided for next drilling.
Taking the chai dalwood basin as an example, in recent years, key exploration areas of the chai dalwood basin, such as crescent mountains, yellow stones, cucumber hills, garden top mountains and other areas, are mostly complex mountains and gobi sand beaches, the ground surface is poor in excitation condition of seismic waves, so that the energy absorption and attenuation of shallow stratum to the seismic waves are fast, the energy of effective reflected waves is weak, and meanwhile, interference waves (surface waves, refracted waves and random interference waves) generated by seismic excitation are serious and are not beneficial to the noise suppression and noise removal processing of seismic data; the underground geological structure is very complex, the stratum inclination angle is steep, the fracture is relatively developed, the seismic wave emission path is complex and changeable, belongs to a low signal-to-noise ratio area of seismic data, and is not beneficial to data superposition imaging of the seismic data; in recent years, labor cost and material cost are increased rapidly, so that seismic exploration is required to continuously optimize a seismic acquisition scheme, and labor productivity is improved.
At present, the conventional two-dimensional seismic exploration technology is generally a single receiving line and a single shot line (1R1S), and the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data is improved by using main means such as a field seismic combination (shot point and demodulator probe) technology, an indoor seismic data superposition technology and the like.
In the early stage of seismic exploration, limited by acquisition equipment, the field earthquake large-area combination is mainly utilized to suppress interference waves, the reflection information of effective waves is improved, the noise suppression effect is related to the number of shot point combinations, the number of wave detection point combinations, the combination distance and the combination mode, and certain exploration effect is obtained in partial blocks.
With the updating of electronic equipment, the number of receiving channels of the field seismic recording instrument is continuously expanded from the original channels of 48, 96 and 120 to ten thousands of channels, the covering times are increased from the original channels of 48 to 120 to 240 to 8000, meanwhile, the computer technology is continuously improved, the seismic data processing means are continuously improved, and the seismic stacking technology is more favorable for improving the quality of a seismic section. The statistical effects of seismic and stacking assemblies follow mathematically the same formula, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the assemblies is increased
In practice, the statistical effect of n-times superposition is better than that of n detectors or shot point combination. Therefore, superposition combining is the main means to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data.
During conventional two-dimensional seismic exploration, for a specific exploration target layer, the coverage times in a CMP surface element are increased in a limited manner under the condition that the maximum receiving array length is certain when a seismic acquisition observation system is designed, and the stacking effect of seismic data is influenced. The wide line technology is a pseudo three-dimensional technology on the conventional two-dimensional exploration technology, a plurality of receiving lines and shot lines are distributed in the direction of the receiving lines, shot points and detection points are increased, namely high-density earthquake collection is carried out, so that the CMP surface element has higher coverage times, and the signal-to-noise ratio of earthquake data is further improved through superposition processing.
Those skilled in the art are aware of: the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system is one of the commonly used observation systems, and the observation system adopts a partial three-dimensional seismic technology, namely, arrangement pieces of the observation system longitudinally roll (line measurement direction) and arrangement pieces which do not transversely roll. The collection technology is characterized in that the size of the surface element can be enlarged, and the covering times are improved. However, the existing two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system has the disadvantages that the offset distances with different sizes are repeated in a single surface element, and sufficient attention is not paid, and the design of the conventional observation system is usually concentrated on the observation types (1 line 3 cannon, 2 line 2 cannon, 2 line 3 cannon and the like), the coverage times (300, 600, 1200, 1800, 3600 and the like) are considered to be improved to the maximum extent, so that the noise can be suppressed better and the section quality of seismic exploration is improved, but the scheme is not optimal, on one hand, the coverage times are improved to a certain degree, more coverage times are added, the section quality of seismic exploration is not greatly improved, the exploration cost is increased by times, on the other hand, the linkage relation between the coverage times and the offset distance distribution is not considered, the coverage times are easily improved by expanding the surface element size, but under the condition that the coverage times are certain, the uniformity of offset distribution is realized, the difficulty is high, and the precision of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system is not high.
In summary, the existing two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system has the problems of high cost and low precision when the observation mode is determined.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an observation mode determining method of a two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system, which is used for designing the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system, has low cost and high precision and comprises the following steps:
determining the stacking combination interval of the stacking combination data of the common reflection points according to the interference wave wavelength of the seismic exploration area, wherein the stacking combination data of the common reflection points are stacking signals of seismic reflection signals of a plurality of common reflection points;
determining the offset uniformity according to the offset and the stacking combination distance of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system;
determining a plurality of observation modes of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to the offset uniformity;
performing stack response analysis on the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in each observation mode to obtain stack response corresponding to each observation mode;
and determining the optimal observation mode of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from the multiple observation modes according to the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode.
The embodiment of the invention provides an observation mode determining device of a two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system, which is used for designing the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system, has low cost and high precision, and comprises the following components:
the stacking combination interval determining module is used for determining the stacking combination interval of the stacking combination data of the common reflection points according to the interference wave wavelength of the seismic exploration area, wherein the stacking combination data of the common reflection points are stacking signals of seismic reflection signals of a plurality of common reflection points;
the offset distance uniformity determining module is used for determining the offset distance uniformity according to the offset distance of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system and the stacking combination distance;
the multiple observation mode obtaining module is used for determining multiple observation modes of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to the offset uniformity;
the stack response analysis module is used for performing stack response analysis on the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in each observation mode to obtain a stack response corresponding to each observation mode;
and the optimal observation mode determining module is used for determining the optimal observation mode of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from a plurality of observation modes according to the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can be run on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the observation mode determination method of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system when executing the computer program.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, and the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the observation mode determination method of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system.
In the embodiment of the invention, the superposition combination interval of the superposition combination data of the common reflection points is determined according to the interference wave wavelength of the seismic exploration area, and the superposition combination data of the common reflection points are superposition signals of seismic reflection signals of a plurality of common reflection points; determining the offset uniformity according to the offset and the stacking combination distance of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system; determining a plurality of observation modes of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to the offset uniformity; performing stack response analysis on the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in each observation mode to obtain stack response corresponding to each observation mode; and determining the optimal observation mode of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from the multiple observation modes according to the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode. In the process, the superposition combination distance of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point and the offset distance of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system are considered when determining the offset uniformity, and the offset uniformity determined by adopting the method is more accurate; therefore, various observation modes of the accurate two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system can be determined, then the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system under each observation mode is subjected to stack response analysis, the final observation mode is determined according to the stack response, and the accuracy of the optimal observation mode determined by considering the stack response is very high.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining an observation mode of a two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional 2R3S observation system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional 2R2S observation system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an offset distribution feature in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a parallel observation mode of the 2R3S observation system in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a monoclinic parallel observation mode of a 2R3S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a barrier type observation mode of the 2R3S observation system in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a shot point and demodulator probe position difference and mirror image type observation mode of a 2R3S observation system in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a shot point and geophone point position difference, fence-type observation mode 1 of a 2R3S observation system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a shot and geophone position difference, fence-type observation mode 2 of a 2R3S observation system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a barrier type observation mode 3 of the 2R3S observation system in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of shot point, geophone point differential, and monoclinic parallel observation modes of a 2R3S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a shot point and geophone point position difference and cross observation mode of a 2R3S observation system in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 14-22 are histograms of offset distributions corresponding to FIGS. 5-13, respectively;
FIGS. 23-31 are corresponding relationships between the offset distribution characteristics and the overlay response of the 2R3S observation system in the observation mode corresponding to FIGS. 5-13, respectively;
FIG. 32 is a schematic diagram of a parallel observation mode of the 2R2S observation system in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 33 is a diagram illustrating a barrier type observation mode of the 2R2S observation system in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 34 is a schematic diagram of a cross-type observation mode of the 2R2S observation system in the example of the invention;
FIG. 35 is a schematic diagram of a trapezoidal observation mode of the 2R2S observation system in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 36 is a schematic diagram of a monoclinic parallel observation mode of a 2R2S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 37 is a schematic diagram of a shot point and geophone point position difference and monoclinic parallel observation mode of a 2R2S observation system in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 38 is a schematic diagram of a shot point and geophone point position difference and barrier type observation mode of a 2R2S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 39 is a schematic diagram of a difference and ladder-type observation mode of the position of the detection point of the 2R2S observation system in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 40 is a schematic diagram of shot and geophone differential and cross observation modes of a 2R2S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 41 is a schematic diagram of a single-point excitation-W type observation mode of the 2R2S observation system in the example of the present invention;
FIG. 42 is a schematic diagram of a W-type observation mode, which is a difference between the positions of a shot point and a wave detection point, of a 2R2S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIGS. 43-53 are graphs showing the relationship between the offset distribution characteristics and the overlay response of the 2R2S observation system in the observation mode corresponding to FIGS. 32-42, respectively;
FIG. 54 is a schematic view of an observation mode determining apparatus of a two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 55 is a diagram of a computer device in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present specification, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are used in an open-ended fashion, i.e., to mean including, but not limited to. Reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "a particular embodiment," "some embodiments," "for example," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. The sequence of steps involved in the embodiments is for illustrative purposes to illustrate the implementation of the present application, and the sequence of steps is not limited and can be adjusted as needed.
The inventors have discovered that seismic data acquired by existing seismic observation system designs are reflected in bin (CMP) attributes, including azimuth (direction), coverage (fold), and offset (offset). Different earthquake observation systems and observation modes have different attribute characteristics of the acquired earthquake data, the design of the observation system in the prior art is emphasized to meet the requirement of the coverage times and the comparative analysis of the coverage times on the earthquake section, the distribution of the offset distance and the influence on the earthquake section are ignored, and the azimuth angle, the coverage times and the offset data are mutually linked and the coverage times data cannot be independently analyzed. According to the analysis of the covering times and the overlapping response, the signal-to-noise ratio improved by the overlapping technology is in direct proportion to the square of the covering times, and under the condition of certain covering times, the overlapping response of interference wave suppression is related to the offset distribution characteristics, including the uniformity of the offset distribution. If the design covering times are 480 times, but offset distance repetition with different sizes exists, the actual effective covering times are only 240 times, and the noise suppression characteristics of the design covering times are the same as those of 480 times of offset distance repetition. For seismic acquisition, acquisition costs of 240 coverage times and 480 coverage times are different, the acquisition cost of 480 coverage times is only the superposition effect of 240 coverage times actually, and the superposition effect is equivalent to repeated blasting excitation of one position, so that the coverage times are increased, but the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data is not improved. Based on the above, the embodiment of the invention provides an observation mode determining method for a two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an observation mode determining method of a two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
102, determining the offset uniformity according to the offset and the stacking combination distance of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system;
103, determining a plurality of observation modes of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to the offset uniformity;
104, performing stack response analysis on the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in each observation mode to obtain stack response corresponding to each observation mode;
and 105, determining the optimal observation mode of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from multiple observation modes according to the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode.
In the embodiment of the invention, the superposition combination distance of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point and the offset of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system are considered when determining the offset uniformity, and the offset uniformity determined by adopting the method is more accurate; therefore, various observation modes of the accurate two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system can be determined, then the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system under each observation mode is subjected to stack response analysis, the final observation mode is determined according to the stack response, and the accuracy of the optimal observation mode determined by considering the stack response is very high.
In specific implementation, the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system of the embodiment of the invention mainly aims at a 2-line 3-shot (2R3S) observation system and a 2-line 2-shot (2R2S) observation system, wherein fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a conventional 2R3S observation system in the embodiment of the invention, and fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a conventional 2R2S observation system in the embodiment of the invention.
In one embodiment, determining the offset uniformity based on the offset of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system and the stacking combination spacing comprises:
determining the covering times according to the offset of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system and the stacking combination distance;
and determining the offset uniformity according to the offset distance, the stacking combination distance and the covering times of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system.
In the above embodiments, the method for determining the offset uniformity in the embodiments of the present invention is implemented by covering times, where the covering times are important parameters determined by an observation mode of a two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system. At present, the selection of parameters is mainly based on section comparison of different covering times, but the requirement on noise suppression is not considered, the selection of the covering times needs to meet the requirement of a superposition technology on noise suppression, the analysis on interference wave characteristics of an exploration area needs to be strengthened, and as long as the combination interval of superposition combination data is less than 0.8 time of the wavelength of the minimum interference wave, the noise is suppressed to the maximum extent.
In one embodiment, the superposition combination spacing of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point is determined according to the interference wave wavelength of the seismic exploration area by adopting the following formula:
d≤0.8λmin(1)
wherein d is the superposition combination interval of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point;
λminthe shortest wavelength of the interference wave wavelengths in the seismic exploration area.
In the above embodiment, the shortest wavelength of the interference wave wavelengths in the seismic exploration area may be obtained by interference wave investigation.
In one embodiment, the following formula is adopted to determine the covering times according to the offset of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system and the stacking combination distance:
d＝(xmax-xmin)/(N-1) (2)
wherein d is the superposition combination interval of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point;
xmaxis the maximum offset length;
xminis the minimum offset length;
and N is the covering times.
The number of coverage determined in the above example is more accurate than that determined in prior art profile comparison analysis using only the number of coverage.
In one embodiment, the following formula is adopted to determine the offset uniformity according to the offset, the stacking combination distance and the covering times of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system:
wherein d is the superposition combination interval of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point;
xn-1and xnThe numerical value of two adjacent offset distances is obtained;
n is the covering times;
In the above embodiment, the offset uniformity is the uniformity of the offset distribution by summing the absolute values of the absolute deviations of each offset pitch and dividing by the number of offset intervals.
The value is 0, the offset distribution is uniform, the equal-spacing distribution is obtained,
the closer to the 0 value, the more uniform the offset distribution.
For example, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the distribution characteristics of offset distances in the embodiment of the present invention, where the number of coverage times N is 13, and the maximum offset distance xmaxIs 1030 m, minimum offset xminIs 70 meters, and the stacking and combining distance d is 80 meters. According to the formula (3), the offset uniformity p is 80- (150-70) +80- (230-.
In step 103, a plurality of observation modes of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system are determined according to the offset uniformity, such as a parallel observation mode, a monoclinic parallel observation mode, a fence type observation mode, and the like.
In one embodiment, the following formula is adopted to perform stack response analysis on the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system under each observation mode, and the stack response corresponding to each observation mode is obtained:
wherein k isoAnd xojRespectively two-dimensional wave number and offset distance;
S(ko) Is a superimposed response;
ωjis a weighting factor of the superimposed combined data j;
and N is the covering times.
For a linear combination of equal weighting factors and equal superposition combination spacing, equation (4) can be transformed into equation (5) as follows:
the suppression effect of the superposition response on noise mainly reflects the change rule of offset (offset) in a CMP (common center point) gather, and under the condition of the same covering times, the smaller the uniformity of the offset is, the better the earthquake superposition noise suppression effect is achieved. Therefore, the earthquake stack compression noise effect can be determined according to the stack response, and the optimal observation mode can be further determined.
In one embodiment, determining an optimal observation mode of a two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from a plurality of observation modes according to a superposition response corresponding to each observation mode includes:
analyzing the suppression effect of the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode on the noise;
and determining the optimal observation mode of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from multiple observation modes according to the suppression effect of the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode on the noise.
In the above embodiment, the better the suppression effect of the superposition response on noise, the best is for the observation mode. Therefore, after the optimal observation mode is determined, the conventional seismic observation systems, i.e., the aforementioned 2R2S observation system and 2R3S observation system, can be optimized according to the optimal observation mode, and of course, other types of observation systems are also within the protection scope of the present invention.
Two specific examples are given below to illustrate specific applications of the methods proposed by the embodiments of the present invention.
Case one: the 2R3S observation system will be described as an example.
Firstly, according to the formulas (1) and (2), determining the covering times to be 100 times; and then determining the offset uniformity according to the offset distance, the stacking combination distance and the covering times of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system.
And then, determining a plurality of observation modes of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to the offset uniformity.
Table 1 shows examples of multiple observation modes of a 2R3S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, where each observation mode in table 1 has a corresponding diagram, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a parallel observation mode of a 2R3S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a single-slant parallel observation mode of a 2R3S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a fence-type observation mode of a 2R3S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a shot point, a geophone point position difference and a mirror image type observation mode of a 2R3S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a shot point, a geophone point position difference and a fence-type observation mode 1 of a 2R3 3892 observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a shot point, a geophone point position difference and a fence-type observation mode 2 of a 2R3S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, fig., fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of shot and geophone difference and monoclinic parallel observation modes of a 2R3S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of shot and geophone position difference and cross observation modes of a 2R3S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 14-22 are histograms of offset distributions corresponding to fig. 5-13, respectively.
Table 12 examples of multiple observation modes for R3S observation system
The analysis is performed for the above-mentioned various observation mode analyses.
First, observation mode: including alternate observations (fig. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13) and the same observation (fig. 5, 6, 12).
Second, the observation pattern: including fence, cross, parallel, mirror.
Thirdly, the spatial positions of the shot point and the demodulator probe:
and (3) conventional shot points and wave detection points are distributed: namely, the positions of shot points and wave detection points are projected in the direction of a survey line, 3 shot points coincide with each other at each shot point projection point, 2 wave detection points coincide with each other at each wave detection point projection point (fig. 5, 6 and 7), and the observation mode shown in fig. 5 is adopted at present.
And (3) differentially arranging shot points and wave detection points: namely, the positions of the shot points and the demodulator probes are projected in the direction of the survey line, each shot point projection position is provided with 1 shot point, and each demodulator probe projection position is provided with 1 demodulator probe (fig. 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13).
Fourth, offset uniformity: and (3) calculating according to a formula (3), analyzing the offset uniformity corresponding to all observation modes, and when the shot points and the demodulator probes are arranged conventionally (fig. 5, 6 and 7), the uniformity value is between 8.52 and 8.72 (shown in a table I) no matter what observation mode is adopted, and the shot points and the demodulator probes are arranged differentially, and the uniformity value is between 3.19 and 6.17 (shown in a table I) no matter what observation mode is adopted.
Fifthly, the conventional shot point and demodulator probe arrangement refers to the offset distribution diagrams of fig. 15-16, which correspond to the observation modes of fig. 5-7, and the offset distribution of different sizes is in a step distribution or a sawtooth distribution, so that the phenomenon that the offset is repeated in a large quantity is explained.
Sixthly, carrying out differential arrangement on shot points and demodulator probes, and referring to offset distribution diagrams in FIGS. 17-22, which correspond to the observation modes in FIGS. 8-13, the offset distribution diagrams are in a straight line shape with different sizes in the view of a histogram, which shows that the offset sizes tend to be uniformly distributed and the repeated phenomenon is less.
And (4) conclusion: the smaller the deviation uniformity value is, the more uniform the deviation distribution is, the more uniform the difference distribution of shot points and demodulator probes is, and when the observation mode is determined according to the deviation uniformity, the mirror image type observation mode and the fence type observation mode 2 can be determined to be the optimal observation mode, so that the relatively uniform deviation distribution in the CMP surface element can be obtained.
And then, carrying out stack response analysis on the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in each observation mode to obtain the stack response corresponding to each observation mode, wherein the coverage times of the seismic observation system are 100 times for convenience of analysis. Under the condition of the same covering times, the noise suppression condition of the superimposed data of different observation modes is analyzed by taking the interference wave speed of 1200m/s and the shortest wavelength of 6 meters, and as long as the noise suppression amplitude value is larger (-dB) and more stable (the waveform has no severe fluctuation), the suppression effect is better, and the observation mode of the observation system is further optimized according to the judgment. Fig. 23-31 are the corresponding relations between the offset distribution characteristics of the 2R3S observation system and the superimposed response in the observation mode corresponding to fig. 5-13, respectively, where the superimposed response is represented by the noise suppression amplitude.
Firstly, conventionally arranging the spatial positions of a shot point and a demodulator probe:
from the corresponding relationship between the offset distribution characteristics and the stacking response obtained in FIGS. 23-25, it can be seen that, under the same covering times, different observation methods are adopted to observe the effective frequency (8Hz-88Hz) or wave number (0.009-0.018) λ of the seismic survey waves from the viewpoint of the suppressing amplitude of the noise-1Within the range, the average value of the superposed combined data on the noise is above-30 dB, the pressing amplitude of different frequencies fluctuates from 0dB to 30dB (the waveform jumps frequently), and the pressing amplitude is extremely stable.
Secondly, differentially arranging spatial positions of shot points and demodulator probes:
from the corresponding relationship between the offset distribution and the stacking response obtained in fig. 26 to 31, it can be seen that, in the case of the same number of times of coverage, different observation methods are adopted, and from the viewpoint of suppressing the amplitude of noise, the seismic prospecting method hasEffective wave (8Hz-88Hz), wave number (0.009-0.018) lambda-1Within the range, the average value of the superposed combined data on noise is about 15-30dB, the pressing amplitude is relatively stable, and the waveform jumping amplitude difference is relatively small in different observation modes.
And (4) conclusion: from the view of offset distribution and noise suppression response, the difference distribution of the shot point and the demodulator probe is beneficial to improving the noise suppression effect of the superposition combination; in view of observation mode, the difference arrangement of shot points and demodulator probes is adopted, and the mirror image type (figure 8) is the best observation mode of the 2R3S observation system.
By the offset uniformity calculation formula and the superposition combined response analysis, the spatial positions of the shot point and the demodulator probe of the conventional 2R3S observation system (shown in FIG. 5) are conventionally arranged, the offset uniformity is 8.7245 (shown in Table I), and the superposition response is shown in FIG. 23; the optimal observation mode of the 2R3S observation system is shown in fig. 8, the offset uniformity is 3.194663 (see table one), the superposition response is shown in fig. 26, the suboptimal observation mode of the 2R3S observation system is shown in fig. 10, the offset uniformity is 3.287254 (see table one), and the superposition response is shown in fig. 28.
Obtaining an observation mode of a primarily preferred observation system from an offset uniformity calculation formula, wherein the observation mode is a mirror image type observation mode of difference of spatial positions of a shot point and a demodulator probe, and a fence type 2 is an optimal observation system; from the superposition response analysis, the optimal observation system is the optimal observation system which is the mirror image type observation mode of the difference of the spatial positions of the shot point and the demodulator probe and the fence type 2. The two mutually prove the correctness of the optimized design direction.
Therefore, by selecting the optimal observation mode of the 2R3S observation system, the signal-to-noise ratio and the profile quality of the seismic data are further improved, and the capability of solving complex geological problems is improved.
Example two: the 2R2S observation system will be described as an example.
By adopting the analysis method of the 2R3S observation system, the uniformity of the offset distribution of different observation modes is analyzed, and various observation modes of the 2R3S observation system are determined according to the numerical value of the offset uniformity, as shown in Table 2. Fig. 32 is a schematic diagram of a parallel observation mode of a 2R2S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 33 is a schematic diagram of a fence-type observation mode of a 2R2S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 34 is a schematic diagram of a cross-type observation mode of a 2R2S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 35 is a schematic diagram of a trapezoid observation mode of a 2R2S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 36 is a schematic diagram of a monoclinic parallel observation mode of a 2R2S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 37 is a schematic diagram of a shot point, a demodulator probe point position difference and a monoclinic parallel observation mode of a 2R2S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 38 is a schematic diagram of a shot point, a demodulator probe point position difference and a fence-type observation mode of a 2R2S observation system in an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 40 is a schematic diagram of shot, geophone difference, and cross observation modes of a 2R2S observation system in the embodiment of the present invention, fig. 41 is a schematic diagram of single excitation-W observation mode of a 2R2S observation system in the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 42 is a schematic diagram of shot, geophone difference, and W observation mode of a 2R2S observation system in the embodiment of the present invention.
TABLE 22 examples of multiple observation modes for R2S Observation System
Offset uniformity analysis:
firstly, the observation modes of the 2R2S observation system comprise two main types of alternate observation modes (FIG. 33-FIG. 35, FIG. 38-FIG. 42) and the same observation mode (FIG. 32, FIG. 36, FIG. 37);
second, the observation pattern: including a fence type, a cross type, a trapezoid type, a parallel type, a "W" or "zigzag" type.
Thirdly, the spatial positions of the shot point and the demodulator probe: the method comprises the following two types of conventional shot point and demodulator probe arrangement and shot point and demodulator probe differential arrangement;
and (3) conventional shot points and wave detection points are distributed: namely, the positions of the shot point and the demodulator probe are projected in the direction of the survey line, each shot point projection position has 2 superposed shots, each demodulator probe projection position has 2 superposed demodulators (fig. 32, 33, 34, 35, 36 and 41), and the observation mode of the conventional 2R2S observation system is shown in fig. 32 and 41.
And (3) differentially arranging shot points and wave detection points: namely, the positions of the shot points and the demodulator probes are projected in the direction of the survey line, each shot point projection position is provided with 1 shot point, and each demodulator probe projection position is provided with 1 demodulator probe (fig. 37, 38, 39, 40 and 42).
Fourth, offset uniformity: and (3) calculating according to the formula (3), analyzing the offset uniformity corresponding to all observation modes, wherein when the shot points and the demodulator probes are arranged in a conventional manner, the offset uniformity is between 8.4 and 14.7 (shown in the table II) no matter what observation mode is adopted, and when the shot points and the demodulator probes are arranged in a differential manner, the offset uniformity is between 4.0 and 8.4 (shown in the table II) no matter what observation mode is adopted.
And (4) conclusion: the smaller the offset uniformity value is, the more uniform the offset distribution is, and the difference between the shot point and the demodulator probe is favorable for the uniformity of the offset, so that when the observation mode is determined according to the offset uniformity, the fence type (fig. 37) and the cross type (fig. 39) can be determined as the optimal observation mode.
And then, performing superposition response analysis on the 2R2S observation system in each observation mode, wherein fig. 43 to 53 are the corresponding relations between the offset distribution characteristics and the superposition response of the 2R2S observation system in the observation mode corresponding to fig. 32 to fig. 42, respectively, and the superposition response is represented by a noise suppression amplitude (-dB).
Firstly, laying a conventional shot point and a conventional demodulator probe:
from the corresponding relationship between the offset distribution characteristics and the stacking response obtained in fig. 43-47 and 52, it can be seen that, under the same covering times, different observation methods are adopted, and from the suppressing amplitude of the noise, the frequency (8Hz-88Hz) or wave number (0.009-0.018) λ of the seismic effective wave is observed-1In the range, the average value of the superposition combination to the noise is above-30 dB, in FIG. 43, FIG. 44 and FIG. 45, the instability of the periodic pressing amplitude occurs, especially in FIG. 52, the W-shaped observation mode is adopted, the pressing amplitude of different frequencies fluctuates above-30 dB (the waveform jumps frequently),the pressing amplitude is extremely unstable.
Secondly, arranging a difference shot point and a demodulator probe:
from the corresponding relationship between the migration distance distribution characteristics and the stacking response obtained in FIGS. 48-51 and 53, it can be seen that, in the case of the same number of coverage, different observation methods are used, and the dominant frequency (8Hz-88Hz) or wave number (0.009-0.018) λ of the seismic exploration effective wave is observed from the point of view of the suppressed amplitude of the noise-1In the range, the suppression average value of the superposition combination to noise is below-30 dB, except for the graph 53, the suppression amplitude of the graphs 48-51 is relatively stable, and the difference of the suppression noise waveform is small in different observation modes.
And (4) conclusion: from the offset distribution and the stacking compression noise response diagram, the shot point and the demodulator probe are differentially arranged to facilitate the uniformity of the offset distribution, so that the compression effect of the stacking combination on the noise is improved; in view of the observation method, the optimum observation method of the 2R2S observation system is adopted by difference arrangement of the shot point and the demodulator probe, and monoclinic parallel (figure 37), barrier type (figure 38) and cross type (figure 40).
By the offset distribution uniformity calculation formula and the superposition combined response analysis, the spatial positions of the shot point and the demodulator probe of the conventional 2R2S observation system design (shown in figures 32 and 41) are conventional distribution, the offset uniformity is 10.25509 and 11.3214 (shown in table II), and the superposition response is shown in figures 43 and 52; the optimal observation mode of the 2R2S observation system is shown in fig. 37, 38 and 40, the spatial positions of the shot point and the demodulator probe are distributed in a differential mode, the offset uniformity values are 4.4639 and 4.4939 (see table two), and the superposition response is shown in fig. 48, 49 and 51.
Obtaining a preliminary optimal observation mode of the observation system from an offset distribution uniformity calculation formula, namely the spatial positions of a difference shot point and a demodulator probe, wherein a fence type, a cross type and a single-inclined parallel type are optimal observation modes; from the superposition combined response analysis, the spatial positions of the difference shot point and the demodulator probe and the fence type, the cross type and the monoclinic parallel type are the best observation systems. The two mutually prove the correctness of the optimized design direction.
Thus: by selecting the optimal observation mode of the 2R2S observation system, the signal-to-noise ratio and the profile quality of the seismic data are further improved, and the capability of solving complex geological problems is realized.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an observation mode determining device of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system, the principle of which is similar to that of the observation mode determining method of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system, and the description is omitted here.
In summary, in the method provided in the embodiment of the present invention, a stacking combination interval of stacking combination data of common reflection points is determined according to an interference wave wavelength of a seismic exploration area, where the stacking combination data of the common reflection points is a stacking signal of seismic reflection signals of a plurality of common reflection points; determining the offset uniformity according to the offset and the stacking combination distance of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system; determining a plurality of observation modes of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to the offset uniformity; performing stack response analysis on the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in each observation mode to obtain stack response corresponding to each observation mode; and determining the optimal observation mode of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from the multiple observation modes according to the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode. In the process, the superposition combination distance of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point and the offset distance of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system are considered when determining the offset uniformity, and the offset uniformity determined by adopting the method is more accurate; therefore, various observation modes of the accurate two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system can be determined, then the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system under each observation mode is subjected to stack response analysis, the final observation mode is determined according to the stack response, and the accuracy of the optimal observation mode determined by considering the stack response is very high.
Fig. 54 is a schematic view of an observation mode determining apparatus of a two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 54, the apparatus includes:
a stacking combination interval determining module 5401, configured to determine a stacking combination interval of stacking combination data of common reflection points according to interference wave wavelengths of a seismic exploration area, where the stacking combination data of the common reflection points are stacking signals of seismic reflection signals of multiple common reflection points;
the offset uniformity determining module 5402 is used for determining the offset uniformity according to the offset of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system and the stacking combination distance;
a multiple observation mode obtaining module 5403, configured to determine multiple observation modes of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to the offset uniformity;
the stacking response analysis module 5404 is configured to perform stacking response analysis on the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in each observation mode to obtain a stacking response corresponding to each observation mode;
and an optimal observation mode determining module 5405, configured to determine an optimal observation mode of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from multiple observation modes according to the stacking response corresponding to each observation mode.
In an embodiment, the superposition combination distance determining module is specifically configured to:
d≤0.8λmin
wherein d is the superposition combination interval of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point;
λminthe shortest wavelength of the interference wave wavelengths in the seismic exploration area.
In one embodiment, the offset uniformity module is specifically configured to:
determining the covering times according to the offset of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system and the stacking combination distance;
and determining the offset uniformity according to the offset distance, the stacking combination distance and the covering times of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system.
In one embodiment, the offset uniformity module is specifically configured to:
determining the covering times according to the offset of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system and the stacking combination distance by adopting the following formula:
d＝(xmax-xmin)/(N-1)
wherein d is the superposition combination interval of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point;
xmaxis the maximum offset length;
xminis the minimum offset length;
and N is the covering times.
In one embodiment, the offset uniformity determination module is specifically configured to:
determining the offset uniformity according to the offset, the stacking combination distance and the covering times of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system by adopting the following formula:
wherein d is the superposition combination interval of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point;
xn-1and xnThe numerical value of two adjacent offset distances is obtained;
n is the covering times;
In an embodiment, the superposition response analysis module is specifically configured to:
and (3) performing stack response analysis on the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in each observation mode by adopting the following formula to obtain the stack response corresponding to each observation mode:
wherein k isoAnd xojRespectively two-dimensional wave number and offset distance;
S(ko) Is a superimposed response;
ωjis a weighting factor of the superimposed combined data j;
and N is the covering times.
In an embodiment, the optimal observation mode determining module is specifically configured to:
analyzing the suppression effect of the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode on the noise;
and determining the optimal observation mode of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from multiple observation modes according to the suppression effect of the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode on the noise.
In summary, in the apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention, a stacking combination interval of stacking combination data of common reflection points is determined according to an interference wave wavelength of a seismic exploration area, where the stacking combination data of the common reflection points is a stacking signal of seismic reflection signals of a plurality of common reflection points; determining the offset uniformity according to the offset and the stacking combination distance of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system; determining a plurality of observation modes of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to the offset uniformity; performing stack response analysis on the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in each observation mode to obtain stack response corresponding to each observation mode; and determining the optimal observation mode of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from the multiple observation modes according to the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode. In the process, the superposition combination distance of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point and the offset distance of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system are considered when determining the offset uniformity, and the offset uniformity determined by adopting the method is more accurate; therefore, various observation modes of the accurate two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system can be determined, then the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system under each observation mode is subjected to stack response analysis, the final observation mode is determined according to the stack response, and the accuracy of the optimal observation mode determined by considering the stack response is very high.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer device, and fig. 55 is a schematic diagram of the computer device in the embodiment of the present invention, where the computer device is capable of implementing all steps in the observation mode determination method of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in the embodiment, and the electronic device specifically includes the following contents:
a processor 5501, a memory 5502, a communication interface 5503, and a bus 5504;
the processor 5501, the memory 5502, and the communication interface 5503 communicate with each other through the bus 5504; the communication interface 5503 is used for realizing information transmission among related devices such as server-side devices, detection devices, user-side devices and the like;
the processor 5501 is configured to call a computer program in the memory 5502, and when the processor executes the computer program, the processor implements all the steps of the observation mode determination method of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in the above embodiment.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which can implement all the steps in the observation mode determining method of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in the above embodiment, where the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements all the steps of the observation mode determining method of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in the above embodiment.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. An observation mode determination method of a two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining the stacking combination interval of the stacking combination data of the common reflection points according to the interference wave wavelength of the seismic exploration area, wherein the stacking combination data of the common reflection points are stacking signals of seismic reflection signals of a plurality of common reflection points;
determining the offset uniformity according to the offset and the stacking combination distance of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system;
determining a plurality of observation modes of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to the offset uniformity;
performing stack response analysis on the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in each observation mode to obtain stack response corresponding to each observation mode;
and determining the optimal observation mode of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from the multiple observation modes according to the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode.
2. The observation method of claim 1, wherein the stacking and combining distance of the stacking and combining data of the common reflection point is determined according to the wavelength of the interference wave in the seismic exploration area by using the following formula:
d≤0.8λmin
wherein d is the superposition combination interval of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point;
λminthe shortest wavelength of the interference wave wavelengths in the seismic exploration area.
3. The observation method of claim 1, wherein determining the offset uniformity based on the offset and the stacking combination distance of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system comprises:
determining the covering times according to the offset of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system and the stacking combination distance;
and determining the offset uniformity according to the offset distance, the stacking combination distance and the covering times of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system.
4. The observation method of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to claim 3, wherein the number of times of coverage is determined according to the offset and the stacking combination spacing of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system by using the following formula:
d＝(xmax-xmin)/(N-1)
wherein d is the superposition combination interval of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point;
xmaxis the maximum offset length;
xminis the minimum offset length;
and N is the covering times.
5. The observation method of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to claim 3, wherein the offset uniformity is determined from the offset, the stacking combination spacing, and the number of coverage of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system using the following formula:
wherein d is the superposition combination interval of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point;
xn-1and xnThe numerical value of two adjacent offset distances is obtained;
n is the covering times;
6. The observation method of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to claim 1, wherein the superposition response analysis is performed on the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in each observation mode by using the following formula to obtain the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode:
wherein k isoAnd xojRespectively two-dimensional wave number and offset distance;
S(ko) Is a superimposed response;
ωjis a weighting factor of the superimposed combined data j;
and N is the covering times.
7. The observation mode determining method of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to claim 1, wherein determining the optimal observation mode of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from a plurality of observation modes according to the stacking response corresponding to each observation mode comprises:
analyzing the suppression effect of the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode on the noise;
and determining the optimal observation mode of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from multiple observation modes according to the suppression effect of the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode on the noise.
8. An observation mode determining device of a two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system, comprising:
the stacking combination interval determining module is used for determining the stacking combination interval of the stacking combination data of the common reflection points according to the interference wave wavelength of the seismic exploration area, wherein the stacking combination data of the common reflection points are stacking signals of seismic reflection signals of a plurality of common reflection points;
the offset distance uniformity determining module is used for determining the offset distance uniformity according to the offset distance of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system and the stacking combination distance;
the multiple observation mode obtaining module is used for determining multiple observation modes of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to the offset uniformity;
the stack response analysis module is used for performing stack response analysis on the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in each observation mode to obtain a stack response corresponding to each observation mode;
and the optimal observation mode determining module is used for determining the optimal observation mode of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from a plurality of observation modes according to the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode.
9. The observation mode determining device of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to claim 8, wherein the stacking combination interval determining module is specifically configured to:
d≤0.8λmin
wherein d is the superposition combination interval of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point;
λminthe shortest wavelength of the interference wave wavelengths in the seismic exploration area.
10. The observation mode determining apparatus of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system of claim 8, wherein the offset uniformity module is specifically configured to:
determining the covering times according to the offset of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system and the stacking combination distance;
and determining the offset uniformity according to the offset distance, the stacking combination distance and the covering times of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system.
11. The observation mode determining apparatus of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system of claim 10, wherein the offset uniformity module is specifically configured to:
determining the covering times according to the offset of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system and the stacking combination distance by adopting the following formula:
d＝(xmax-xmin)/(N-1)
wherein d is the superposition combination interval of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point;
xmaxis the maximum offset length;
xminis the minimum offset length;
and N is the covering times.
12. The observation mode determining apparatus of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system of claim 10, wherein the offset uniformity determining module is specifically configured to:
determining the offset uniformity according to the offset, the stacking combination distance and the covering times of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system by adopting the following formula:
wherein d is the superposition combination interval of the superposition combination data of the common reflection point;
xn-1and xnThe numerical value of two adjacent offset distances is obtained;
n is the covering times;
13. The observation mode determining device of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to claim 8, wherein the stacking response analysis module is specifically configured to:
and (3) performing stack response analysis on the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system in each observation mode by adopting the following formula to obtain the stack response corresponding to each observation mode:
wherein k isoAnd xojRespectively two-dimensional wave number and offset distance;
S(ko) Is a superimposed response;
ωjis a weighting factor of the superimposed combined data j;
and N is the covering times.
14. The observation mode determining apparatus of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system according to claim 8, wherein the optimal observation mode determining module is specifically configured to:
analyzing the suppression effect of the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode on the noise;
and determining the optimal observation mode of the two-dimensional wide-line seismic observation system from multiple observation modes according to the suppression effect of the superposition response corresponding to each observation mode on the noise.
15. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method of any of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
16. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| 罗岐峰等: "柴达木盆地复杂山地组合压噪特性分析", 《青海石油》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113703051A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-26 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Seabed node seismic acquisition method with combined density |
| CN113703051B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2023-07-14 | 中海油田服务股份有限公司 | Submarine node seismic acquisition method with combined density |
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