CN111538014A - MST radar system based on unit-level digital array and signal transceiving method - Google Patents
MST radar system based on unit-level digital array and signal transceiving method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/95—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/285—Receivers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/285—Receivers
- G01S7/292—Extracting wanted echo-signals
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention provides an MST radar system based on a unit-level digital array and a signal transceiving method. The radar system includes: the antenna feeder units transmit electromagnetic wave signals to the outside and receive echo signals reflected by the outside; each digital transceiving channel corresponds to the antenna feeder unit one by one and is used for independently generating electromagnetic wave signals emitted to the outside and independently transmitting the echo signals; the digital beam forming unit is respectively connected with each digital transceiving channel and is used for generating a digital beam with specific directivity for the echo signal received by each digital transceiving channel; the signal processing unit is connected with the digital beam forming unit and used for processing and calculating the received digital beam to obtain meteorological characteristics; and the main control unit is respectively connected with the plurality of digital transceiving channels, the digital beam forming unit and the signal processing unit so as to send corresponding control signals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of radar detection, in particular to an MST radar system based on a unit-level digital array and a signal transceiving method.
Background
The MST radar (middle layer-stratosphere-troposphere radar) is a large ground-based remote sensing device that obtains information such as wind field, electron density, etc. by using the scattering of electromagnetic waves by atmospheric refractive index changes. The MST radar generally works in a VHF frequency band, the detection height covers a middle layer, an stratosphere and a troposphere, an echo signal is weak, and a large-power and large-pore array surface is generally adopted.
Chinese patent application CN102141619A discloses a digital array MST radar, which can be divided into analog and digital parts. The analog part comprises antenna units (576), final-stage transceiver module (576) and a feeder network; the digital part comprises digital T/R modules (24), DBF beam forming units, a signal processor, a data processor and a system monitoring module. Digital T/R module simultaneous control 24 antenna element in the contrast file 1, these 24 antenna element have unified phase parameter, can' T carry out nimble solitary setting to make the detection beam point to fixed, the function is single, is difficult to satisfy the diversified demand of detection. In addition, the power division feed network in the prior art is complex, the system feed loss is high, and the scanning efficiency and the reliability are poor.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of fixed probe beam pointing, complex feed network and poor reliability in the prior art, thereby providing a unit-level digital array-based MST radar system and a signal transceiving method.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an MST radar system based on unit level digital array, comprising:
the antenna feed units transmit electromagnetic wave signals to the outside and receive echo signals reflected by the outside through the antenna oscillators;
the digital receiving and transmitting channels correspond to the antenna feeder units one by one and are used for independently generating electromagnetic wave signals emitted to the outside and independently transmitting echo signals received by the antenna feeder units;
a digital beam forming unit, connected to each of the digital transceiving channels, for defining a directivity of the echo signal received by each of the digital transceiving channels to generate a digital beam having a specific directivity;
the signal processing unit is connected with the digital beam forming unit and used for processing and calculating the received digital beam to obtain meteorological characteristics;
and the main control unit is respectively connected with the plurality of digital transceiving channels, the digital beam forming unit and the signal processing unit so as to send corresponding control signals.
Illustratively, the digital transceiving channels include a transmitting channel and a receiving channel:
the transmitting channel is used for generating an amplitude and direction controlled electromagnetic wave signal, converting the electromagnetic wave signal from a digital form to an analog form, and filtering and amplifying;
the receiving channel is connected with the corresponding antenna element in the antenna feeder unit and used for receiving the echo signal, filtering and amplifying the echo signal and converting the echo signal from an analog form to a digital form.
Exemplarily, the transmitting channel comprises a waveform generating circuit, a DA converter, a first amplifier, a power amplifier module, and a loop filter; the waveform generating circuit generates digital signals with controlled frequency and phase according to control signals, the DA converter converts the digital signals into analog signals, the first amplifier amplifies and filters the analog signals, the power amplification module is used for amplifying received electromagnetic wave signals, and the annular filter is used for controlling the unidirectional transmission of the electromagnetic wave signals;
the receiving channel comprises an amplitude limiting low-noise amplification module, a filter, a second amplifier and an AD converter; the amplitude limiting low-noise amplification module carries out amplitude limiting and amplification on the received echo signal, the filter filters the echo signal output by the amplitude limiting low-noise amplification module, the second amplifier is used for further amplifying the echo signal output by the filter, and the AD converter is used for sampling the echo signal output by the second amplifier to convert the echo signal into a digital signal.
The system comprises a plurality of digital transceiving channels, a frequency source and a calibration module, wherein the frequency source is respectively connected with the plurality of digital transceiving channels and is used for determining the transmitting frequency and the receiving frequency of the plurality of digital transceiving channels; the calibration module is respectively connected with the plurality of digital transceiving channels and is used for determining the phase offset of each transmitting channel and the phase offset of each receiving channel and correspondingly compensating the transmitted electromagnetic wave signals and the received echo signals according to the phase offsets.
Exemplarily, the signal processing unit includes a first processing unit, a second processing unit, and a display unit;
the first processing unit is used for performing coherent accumulation calculation, pulse compression calculation, Fourier transform, correlation function calculation and incoherent accumulation calculation on the received echo signals to obtain first processing signals;
the second processing unit is used for identifying and synthesizing power spectrum/related function data of the first processing signal, acquiring information such as wind speed and wind direction, and obtaining a wind feather map, a wind vector map and a table;
the display unit is used for displaying the wind feather map, the wind vector map and the table.
Exemplarily, the antenna feed unit comprises 384 antenna feed oscillators; the receiving and transmitting unit comprises 384 independent digital receiving and transmitting channels, and each digital receiving and transmitting channel is connected with one antenna feed oscillator; the digital beam forming units are respectively connected with the 384 independent digital transceiving channels.
The invention also provides a method for receiving the MST radar signal, which comprises the following steps:
a plurality of antenna elements in the antenna feed unit receive echo signals scattered back by space and transmit the echo signals to the transceiving unit;
each digital transceiving channel in the transceiving unit receives echo signals from the corresponding antenna oscillator, and carries out filtering amplification and analog-to-digital conversion;
the digital beam forming unit receives the echo signals processed by each digital transceiving channel, and performs directivity regulation on all the received echo signals to generate a digital beam with specific directivity;
the signal processing unit receives the digital wave beam generated by the digital wave beam forming unit, and processes and calculates the digital wave beam to obtain meteorological characteristic data.
Illustratively, the step of processing and calculating the digital beam by the signal processing unit to obtain meteorological feature data comprises:
performing coherent accumulation calculation, pulse compression calculation, Fourier transform, correlation function calculation and incoherent accumulation calculation on the received digital beam through a first processing unit to obtain first processing data;
the second processing unit identifies and synthesizes power spectrum/correlation function on the first processing data to obtain meteorological feature data and generate a wind feather map, a wind vector map and a correlation table;
and displaying the wind feather map, the wind vector map and the related table through a display unit.
The invention also provides a signal transmitting method of the MST radar, which comprises the following steps:
each digital transmitting channel in the transceiving unit independently generates an electromagnetic wave signal with controlled amplitude and phase, and transmits the electromagnetic wave signal to the antenna feeder unit based on preset transmitting frequency;
each antenna element in the antenna feed unit emits a received electromagnetic wave signal into the air to illuminate a target.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the MST radar system provided by the invention comprises a plurality of independent digital transceiving channels, and each digital transceiving channel is connected with the corresponding antenna feed oscillator, so that electromagnetic wave signals sent by each digital transceiving channel and received echo signals can be independently controlled, the MST radar system works in different working modes according to different parameter configurations, and the time resolution and the space resolution of the MST radar when the MST radar detects atmospheric parameters are improved.
(2) In the MST radar system provided by the invention, each antenna feed oscillator sends and receives signals through an independent digital transceiving channel, a complex feed line network matrix is not required to be built, the feed loss can be effectively reduced, and the scanning efficiency of the system is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an MST radar system in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a specific example of a method for receiving a MST radar signal in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a specific example of processing a digital beam in embodiment 2 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a specific example of a method for transmitting a signal of an MST radar in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two elements may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communicated with each other inside the two elements, or may be wirelessly connected or wired connected. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an MST radar system based on a unit-level digital array, as shown in fig. 1, including a plurality of antenna feeder units, a plurality of digital transceiving channels, a digital beam forming unit, a signal processing unit, and a main control unit. Wherein:
the antenna feed unit can be an antenna oscillator, and each antenna oscillator transmits electromagnetic wave signals to the outside and receives echo signals reflected by the outside.
Each digital transceiving channel corresponds to the antenna feeder unit one by one and is used for independently generating electromagnetic wave signals emitted to the outside and independently transmitting echo signals received by each antenna feeder unit. Electromagnetic wave signals generated by the digital transceiving channel are transmitted to the antenna feeder unit through the radio frequency cable, and echo signals received by the antenna feeder unit are transmitted to the digital transceiving channel through the radio frequency cable. The digital transceiving channel is also used for amplifying, filtering and sampling the received echo signals.
And the digital beam forming unit is respectively connected with each digital transmitting and receiving channel and is used for performing directivity regulation on the echo signals received by each digital transmitting and receiving channel so as to generate a digital beam with specific directivity. For example, amplitude-phase weighting is performed on the echo signals received by each digital transceiving channel to generate a beam with an azimuth angle of 0 °, a zenith angle of 15 °, or a beam with an azimuth angle of 90 °, a zenith angle of 15 °, and the like. Therefore, the sensitivity of radar detection is improved by simultaneously acquiring the information of a plurality of beams with different directions.
And the signal processing unit is connected with the digital beam forming unit and used for processing and calculating the received digital beam to obtain meteorological characteristics, such as wind speed and wind direction information.
And the main control unit is respectively connected with the digital transceiving channel, the digital beam forming unit and the signal processing unit so as to send corresponding control signals. For example, the main control unit sends a control command for transmitting electromagnetic waves or a control command for receiving echoes to the digital transceiving channel, or sends a control command for beam forming to the digital beam forming unit, and the like.
According to the MST radar system based on the unit-level digital array, each digital transceiving channel is connected with the corresponding antenna feed oscillator, so that electromagnetic wave signals sent by each digital transceiving channel and received echo signals can be independently controlled, the MST radar system works in different working modes according to different parameter configurations, and the time resolution and the space resolution of the MST radar when the MST radar detects atmospheric parameters are improved.
Preferably, the antenna feed unit may include 384 antenna elements, and the antenna elements may be yagi antennas. Correspondingly, the number of the digital transceiving channels also comprises 384, and each antenna feed unit corresponds to one of the digital transceiving channels. The digital beam forming unit is respectively connected with 384 digital transceiving channels, and can simultaneously form 384 digital beams with different directions. The 384 digital transceiving channels can be realized by 96 digital TR components. Each digital TR module may contain four independent digital transceiving channels, thereby connecting 4 antenna feeder units simultaneously. In the aspect of power supply, a power supply module can be used for simultaneously working four digital TR components, namely 16 antenna feeder units can form a sub-array, each antenna feeder unit in the sub-array can work independently, and data are processed independently. Thus, the antenna feeder unit of the present embodiment may include 384 ÷ 16 ═ 24 subarrays. Each subarray corresponds to 4 TR assemblies, and the 4 TR assemblies can be arranged in the same cabinet together and are supplied with power by one power supply module in a unified mode.
By directly connecting each digital transceiving channel with the corresponding antenna feeder unit, the loss of the transceiving feeder line can be reduced, and the radar detection efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the digital transceiving channel comprises a transmitting channel and a receiving channel, wherein the transmitting channel is used for generating electromagnetic wave signals with controlled amplitude and direction, converting the electromagnetic wave signals from a digital form into an analog form, and performing filtering amplification; and the receiving channel is connected with the corresponding antenna element in the antenna feed unit and is used for receiving the echo signal, filtering and amplifying the echo signal and converting the echo signal from an analog form to a digital form.
In a specific structure, the transmitting channel comprises a waveform generating circuit, a DA converter, an amplifier, a power amplification module and a loop filter. The waveform generating circuit generates digital signals with controlled frequency and phase according to the control signals, the DA converter converts the digital signals into analog signals, the amplifier amplifies and filters the analog signals, the power amplifier module amplifies the radio-frequency signals of the upper stage, and the annular filter is used for controlling the one-way transmission of the radio-frequency signals. The receiving channel comprises an amplitude limiting low-noise amplification module, a filter, an amplifier and an AD converter. The amplitude limiting low-noise amplification module is used for amplitude limiting and amplifying the echo from the antenna unit, the filter is used for filtering the radio-frequency signal from the upper stage, the amplifier is used for further amplifying the radio-frequency signal from the upper stage, and the AD converter is used for sampling the radio-frequency signal and converting the radio-frequency signal into a digital signal.
Through the structure, each digital transceiving channel can independently transmit electromagnetic wave signals and receive echo signals, and the purposes of simplifying a feeder network and reducing network loss are achieved.
Preferably, the MST radar system proposed by the present invention further comprises a frequency source and a calibration module. The frequency source is respectively connected with the plurality of digital transceiving channels and is used for determining the transmitting frequency and the receiving frequency of the plurality of digital transceiving channels. The calibration module is respectively connected with the plurality of digital transceiving channels and is used for determining the phase offset of each transmitting channel and the phase offset of each receiving channel and correspondingly compensating the transmitted electromagnetic wave signals and the received echo signals according to the phase offsets.
The frequency source and the calibration module can form a clock network with a plurality of power dividers and radio frequency cables to provide clock reference and synchronous signals for full-array work, and the cooperative work of a full-array system is guaranteed. In addition, the frequency source and the calibration module can also form a calibration network with a plurality of power dividers and radio frequency cables, calibration signals are divided to each receiving channel through the calibration network to form a receiving calibration link, and transmitting signals are coupled and connected with the calibration unit through the coupling end to form a transmitting calibration link.
Preferably, the signal processing unit includes a first processing unit, a second processing unit, and a display unit. The first processing unit is used for performing coherent accumulation calculation, pulse compression calculation, Fourier transform, correlation function calculation and incoherent accumulation calculation on the received echo signals to obtain first processing signals; the second processing unit is used for identifying and synthesizing the power spectrum/related function data of the first processing signal, acquiring information such as wind speed and wind direction, obtaining a wind feather diagram, a wind vector diagram and a table, and storing the data according to a specified format; and the display unit is used for presenting the wind feather map, the wind vector map and the table to a user so that monitoring personnel can know monitoring dynamics in real time.
The MST radar system based on the unit-level digital array also comprises a power supply unit. The power supply unit comprises an indoor control and power supply electronic unit, an outdoor power supply electronic unit and an air conditioner electronic unit, wherein the indoor control and power supply electronic unit receives commands of the master control subsystem to control the power on/off of the whole system and the power supply of indoor related equipment, the outdoor power supply electronic unit supplies power to the digital TR component located outdoors, and the air conditioner electronic unit receives commands of the indoor control and power supply unit to start and stop, so that the working environment of the digital TR component is guaranteed.
In summary, the invention adopts the radio frequency direct sampling technology to reduce the loss in multiple frequency conversion; by adopting a unit-level digital array radar technology, operations such as phase matching, compensation and the like can be performed in a digital mode, the consistency among units is ensured, the beam pointing accuracy is ensured, and the radar detection power is improved; and a unit-level system is adopted, the digital TR components are high in consistency and interchangeable, and the system reliability is improved.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for receiving a MST radar signal, as shown in fig. 2, including the following steps:
and S210, the plurality of antenna feed units respectively receive echo signals scattered in the space through the antenna oscillators and transmit the echo signals to corresponding digital transceiving channels.
And S220, each digital transceiving channel receives the echo signal from the corresponding antenna element, and the echo signal is filtered, amplified and subjected to analog-to-digital conversion.
And S230, the digital beam forming unit receives the echo signals processed by each digital transceiving channel, and performs directivity regulation on the received echo signals to generate digital beams with specific directivity.
And S240, the signal processing unit receives the digital beam generated by the digital beam forming unit, and processes and calculates the digital beam to obtain meteorological characteristic data.
Exemplarily, as shown in fig. 3, the step S240 further includes:
241, performing coherent accumulation calculation, pulse compression calculation, Fourier transform, correlation function calculation and non-coherent accumulation calculation on the received digital beam through a first processing unit to obtain first processing data;
s242, identifying and synthesizing the power spectrum/correlation function of the first processed data through a second processing unit to obtain meteorological feature data and generate a wind feather diagram, a wind vector diagram and a correlation table;
and S243, displaying the wind feather map, the wind vector map and the related table through a display unit.
According to the MST radar signal receiving method provided by the embodiment, the digital transceiving channel is used for independently receiving the electromagnetic wave signals from the antenna feeder unit, so that a complex feed network is avoided, the system loss is favorably reduced, and the radar detection efficiency is improved.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for transmitting a signal of an MST radar, as shown in fig. 4, including the following steps:
and S410, each digital transmission channel independently generates an electromagnetic wave signal with controlled amplitude and phase, and sends the electromagnetic wave signal to an antenna feeder unit based on a preset sending frequency.
And S420, each antenna element in the antenna feed unit transmits the received electromagnetic wave signal to the air to irradiate the target.
In the signal transmission method of the MST radar provided by this embodiment, each digital transmission channel is directly connected to a corresponding antenna feeder unit, and the amplitude and phase of the electromagnetic wave transmitted outward by the antenna feeder unit can be independently controlled, so that the MST radar can scan in multiple directions simultaneously, and the flexibility and accuracy of radar detection are improved.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An MST radar system based on a unit level digital array, comprising:
the antenna feed units transmit electromagnetic wave signals to the outside and receive echo signals reflected by the outside through the antenna oscillators;
the digital receiving and transmitting channels correspond to the antenna feeder units one by one and are used for independently generating electromagnetic wave signals emitted to the outside and independently transmitting echo signals received by the antenna feeder units;
a digital beam forming unit, connected to each of the digital transceiving channels, for defining the directivity of the echo signal received by each of the digital transceiving channels to generate a digital beam having a specific directivity;
the signal processing unit is connected with the digital beam forming unit and used for processing and calculating the received digital beam to obtain meteorological characteristics;
and the main control unit is respectively connected with the plurality of digital transceiving channels, the digital beam forming unit and the signal processing unit so as to send corresponding control signals.
2. The MST radar system of claim 1, wherein the digital transceiver channels comprise transmit and receive channels:
the transmitting channel is used for generating an amplitude and direction controlled electromagnetic wave signal, converting the electromagnetic wave signal from a digital form to an analog form, and filtering and amplifying;
the receiving channel is connected with the corresponding antenna element in the antenna feeder unit and used for receiving the echo signal, filtering and amplifying the echo signal and converting the echo signal from an analog form to a digital form.
3. The MST radar system of claim 2, wherein the transmit channel comprises a waveform generation circuit, a DA converter, a first amplifier, a power amplifier module, a loop filter; the waveform generating circuit generates digital signals with controlled frequency and phase according to control signals, the DA converter converts the digital signals into analog signals, the first amplifier amplifies and filters the analog signals, the power amplification module is used for amplifying received electromagnetic wave signals, and the annular filter is used for controlling the unidirectional transmission of the electromagnetic wave signals;
the receiving channel comprises an amplitude limiting low-noise amplification module, a filter, a second amplifier and an AD converter; the amplitude limiting low-noise amplification module carries out amplitude limiting and amplification on the received echo signal, the filter filters the echo signal output by the amplitude limiting low-noise amplification module, the second amplifier is used for further amplifying the echo signal output by the filter, and the AD converter is used for sampling the echo signal output by the second amplifier to convert the echo signal into a digital signal.
4. The MST radar system of claim 2, further comprising a frequency source and a calibration module, the frequency source being respectively connected to the plurality of digital transceiving channels for determining a transmit frequency and a receive frequency of the plurality of digital transceiving channels; the calibration module is respectively connected with the plurality of digital transceiving channels and is used for determining the phase offset of each transmitting channel and the phase offset of each receiving channel and correspondingly compensating the transmitted electromagnetic wave signals and the received echo signals according to the phase offsets.
5. The MST radar system of claim 1, wherein the signal processing unit comprises a first processing unit, a second processing unit, and a display unit;
the first processing unit is used for performing coherent accumulation calculation, pulse compression calculation, Fourier transform, correlation function calculation and incoherent accumulation calculation on the received echo signals to obtain first processing signals;
the second processing unit is used for identifying and synthesizing power spectrum/related function data of the first processing signal, acquiring information such as wind speed and wind direction, and obtaining a wind feather map, a wind vector map and a table;
the display unit is used for displaying the wind feather map, the wind vector map and the table.
6. The MST radar system of claim 2, wherein the number of the antenna feeder units and the digital transceiver channels is 384, each of the antenna feeder units corresponding to one of the digital transceiver channels; the digital beam forming unit is respectively connected with the 384 digital transceiving channels.
7. A method for receiving signals of an MST radar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the antenna feed units respectively receive echo signals scattered in space through the antenna oscillators and transmit the echo signals to corresponding digital transceiving channels;
each digital transceiving channel receives an echo signal from a corresponding antenna element, and the echo signal is filtered, amplified and subjected to analog-to-digital conversion;
the digital beam forming unit receives the echo signals processed by each digital transceiving channel, and performs directivity regulation on the received echo signals to generate digital beams with specific directivity;
the signal processing unit receives the digital wave beam generated by the digital wave beam forming unit, and processes and calculates the digital wave beam to obtain meteorological characteristic data.
8. The method for receiving MST radar signals as claimed in claim 7, wherein the processing and computing of the digital beams by the signal processing unit to obtain meteorological signature data comprises:
performing coherent accumulation calculation, pulse compression calculation, Fourier transform, correlation function calculation and incoherent accumulation calculation on the received digital beam through a first processing unit to obtain first processing data;
the second processing unit identifies and synthesizes power spectrum/correlation function on the first processing data to obtain meteorological feature data and generate a wind feather map, a wind vector map and a correlation table;
and displaying the wind feather map, the wind vector map and the related table through a display unit.
9. A signal transmitting method of an MST radar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
each digital transmitting channel in the transceiving unit independently generates an electromagnetic wave signal with controlled amplitude and phase, and transmits the electromagnetic wave signal to the antenna feeder unit based on preset transmitting frequency;
each antenna element in the antenna feed unit emits a received electromagnetic wave signal into the air to illuminate a target.
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