CN111537211A - Experimental device for fine double-layer rigid frame structure adopting non-shearing force distribution method - Google Patents
Experimental device for fine double-layer rigid frame structure adopting non-shearing force distribution method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111537211A CN111537211A CN202010439172.4A CN202010439172A CN111537211A CN 111537211 A CN111537211 A CN 111537211A CN 202010439172 A CN202010439172 A CN 202010439172A CN 111537211 A CN111537211 A CN 111537211A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 title abstract description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
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- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/08—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics
- G09B23/10—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for statics or dynamics of solid bodies
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Abstract
A fine double-layer rigid frame structure experiment device adopting a non-shearing force distribution method belongs to the teaching practice field of civil engineering professional structure mechanics. The base frame ensures the stability of the whole device by means of the dead weight of the base frame; the middle upright post is vertically fixed on the short edge of the bottom surface of the foundation frame; the two supporting cross beams are vertically fixed on the left side edge of the front surface of the base frame; the bottom of the double-layer rigid frame model is fixed on the long edge of the bottom surface of the foundation frame, and the side surface of the double-layer rigid frame model is fixed on the guide rails of the two cross beams; the loading equipment is equipment for applying torque through a hand wheel; the acquisition equipment is a multimode structure parameter remote measurement system terminal and a strain gauge and is used for acquiring the displacement and the internal force of the structure. The experimental device integrates convenience and science, can perform real experiments, can process experimental results in real time, saves time, and is very suitable for demonstration in a classroom with limited time; meanwhile, the experiment is simple to operate, is convenient for beginners to learn, and is very suitable for manual operation of students.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of teaching practice of civil engineering professional structural mechanics, and relates to a double-layer rigid frame structure experimental device which can be used for performing classroom demonstration experiments without a shear distribution part in structural mechanics.
Background
The structural mechanics is a necessary discipline for civil engineering major in higher schools, and mainly takes rod structures such as beams, arches, trusses, rigid frames and the like as main research objects, and researches the internal force and deformation of the structure, the strength, rigidity, stability and dynamic response of the structure, and the composition rule and the stress performance of the structure under the action of external force and other external factors according to the mechanical principle.
At present, the teaching method of the structural mechanics of universities and colleges is mainly theoretical teaching, and lacks experimental verification of relevant mechanics principles, so that partial students do not deeply understand the relevant theories, and even question the relevant theories. Therefore, the introduction of experimental links in the teaching of structural mechanics is an inevitable trend in the teaching development.
In a non-shear distribution part of structural mechanics teaching, a double-layer rigid frame structure is often taken as a research object, but at present, no successful non-shear distribution experiment demonstration device exists, most rigid frame structure models in a laboratory are very heavy, have large dead weight and friction, are not suitable for non-shear distribution experiments, and are not suitable for entering a classroom, so that the invention of the fine, small and conveniently-carried double-layer rigid frame structure model is particularly important for researching the related theory of non-shear distribution in structural mechanics.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to change the current situation that no experiment demonstration link without shear distribution is lacked in the structural mechanics classroom teaching at present, the invention provides the refined double-layer rigid frame structure experiment device which is fine and small in structure, convenient to carry, capable of being repeatedly used, accurate in measurement result, capable of being simulated to a computer and performing automatic data processing, and capable of realizing classroom demonstration of structural mechanics teaching content without shear distribution. Through experiments, students can more accurately understand the relevant theory of structural mechanics non-shear distribution.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a fine double-layer rigid frame structure experimental device adopting a non-shear distribution method comprises a foundation frame 1, a supporting cross beam 2, a middle upright post 18, an inverse F-shaped double-layer rigid frame model, loading equipment, measuring equipment and collecting equipment;
the base frame 1 ensures the stability of the whole device by means of the self weight; the middle upright post 18 is vertically fixed on the bottom surface of the base frame 1 and the position of the middle upright post can be adjusted according to the requirement; the number of the supporting beams 2 is two, the supporting beams are vertically fixed on the side surface of the base frame 1, and the positions of the supporting beams can be adjusted as required; the narrow guide rail 3 is fixed on the supporting beam 2; the hinged support 5 is connected with the narrow guide rail 3, and the hinged support 5 can freely slide on the narrow guide rail 3; the reflector 6 is fixed on the hinged support 5 and used for reflecting laser emitted by the laser displacement meter and measuring the displacement of the hinged support 5;
the reverse F-shaped double-layer rigid frame model comprises a test beam 7 and a clamping rigid joint 8; the four test beams 7 form an inverse F-shaped double-layer rigid frame model through three groups of clamping rigid nodes 8 and are fixed on the bottom surface of the foundation frame 1; the six pairs of strain gauges 9 are respectively positioned on the four test beams 7 and are used for measuring the internal force of the reverse F-shaped double-layer rigid frame model, wherein one pair of the two transverse test beams 7 is arranged, and two pairs of the two longitudinal test beams 7 are arranged; two transverse test beams 7 of the reverse F-shaped double-layer rigid frame model are respectively connected to the narrow guide rails 3 of the two supporting cross beams 2 through hinged supports 5;
the measuring equipment comprises a laser displacement meter 4, a static torque sensor 12, an incremental laser encoder 16 and a strain gauge 9; the laser displacement meter 4 is fixed on the supporting beam 2 through the supporting plate 13, and the position of the laser displacement meter 4 on the supporting beam 2 can be adjusted according to requirements.
The loading equipment is equipment for applying torque and comprises a flexible shaft 10, an output shaft 11, a support plate 13, a bearing with a seat 14, an input shaft 15 and a hand wheel 17; one ends of the two flexible shafts 10 are connected with two clamping rigid nodes 8 on the upper side of the reverse F-shaped double-layer rigid frame model, and the other ends of the two flexible shafts are connected with one end of an output shaft 11 to transmit input torque; the other end of the output shaft 11 is connected with one end of an input shaft 15 for transmitting torque; the static torque sensor 12 is fixed on the output shaft 11 through a support plate 13 and a bearing with a seat 14 and is used for measuring torque; the other end of the input shaft 15 is connected with a hand wheel 17 through a support plate 13 and used for applying and transmitting torque; an incremental laser encoder 16 is fixed to the input shaft 15 for measuring the rotation angle.
The acquisition equipment is a multimode structure parameter remote measurement system terminal and a strain gauge and is used for acquiring the displacement and the internal force of the structure.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the experimental device for the double-layer rigid frame structure manufactured according to the refined non-shear distribution method integrates convenience and science, can perform real experiments, can process experimental results in real time, saves time, and is very suitable for demonstration in a classroom with limited time; meanwhile, the experiment is simple to operate, is convenient for beginners to learn, and is very suitable for manual operation of students.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front elevation of an experimental apparatus for a refined non-shear distribution method double-layer rigid frame structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of an experimental apparatus for a double-layer rigid frame structure by a refined non-shear distribution method.
FIG. 3 is a top view of an experimental apparatus for a refined non-shear distribution method double-layer rigid frame structure according to the present invention.
In the figure: the device comprises a base frame 1, a supporting beam 2, a narrow guide rail 3, a laser displacement meter 4, a hinged support 5, a reflective sheet 6, a test beam 7, a clamping rigid joint 8, a strain gauge 9, a flexible shaft 10, an output shaft 11, a static torque sensor 12, a support plate 13, a bearing with a seat 14, an input shaft 15, an incremental laser encoder 16, a hand wheel 17 and an intermediate upright post 18.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
a fine double-layer rigid frame structure experimental device adopting a non-shear distribution method is composed of a foundation frame 1, two supporting cross beams 2, a middle upright post 18, a double-layer rigid frame model, loading equipment, measuring equipment and collecting equipment.
The specific installation mode of the equipment is as follows:
FIG. 1 is a front elevation of an experimental apparatus for a refined non-shear distribution method double-layer rigid frame structure of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a side view of an experimental apparatus for a double-layer rigid frame structure by a refined non-shear distribution method of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a top view of an experimental apparatus for a refined non-shear distribution method double-layer rigid frame structure according to the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the cubic base frame 1 is placed on the ground or a table top, and the stability of the whole device is ensured by the self weight of the cubic base frame; the middle upright posts 18 are fixed on the short sides of the bottom surface of the foundation frame 1 through bolts, are vertical to the bottom surface and can adjust the positions of the short sides as required; the two supporting cross beams 2 are fixed on the left side edge of the front surface of the base frame 1 through bolts, are vertical to the left side surface, and can be adjusted in position on the left side edge as required; the two narrow guide rails 3 are respectively fixed on the two supporting cross beams 2 through bolts; the two laser displacement meters 4 are respectively fixed on the two supporting beams 2 through the two supporting plates 13, and the positions of the two laser displacement meters on the supporting beams 2 can be adjusted according to requirements.
The two hinged supports 5 are respectively connected with the narrow guide rail 3 through bolts, so that the two hinged supports can freely slide on the narrow guide rail 3; the two reflectors 6 are fixed on the hinged support 5 through bolts and used for reflecting laser emitted by the laser displacement meter 4 and measuring the displacement of the hinged support 5; the four test beams 7 form an inverse F-shaped rigid frame model through three groups of clamping rigid nodes 8 and are fixed on the long edge of the bottom surface of the foundation frame 1; six pairs of strain gauges 9 are respectively positioned on the four test beams 7, wherein two transverse test beams 7 are respectively paired, and two vertical test beams 7 are respectively paired, and are used for measuring the internal force of the model.
One ends of two flexible shafts 10 are connected with two clamping rigid nodes 8 of the reverse F-shaped rigid frame, and the other ends are connected with two output shafts 11 for transmitting input torque; one ends of the two output shafts 11 are connected with the flexible shaft 10, and the other ends are connected with the input shaft 15 for transmitting torque; two static torque sensors 12 are fixed on the output shaft 11 through a support plate 13 and a bearing with a seat 14 for measuring torque; one ends of the two input shafts 15 are connected with the output shaft 11, and the other ends are connected with a hand wheel 17 through bolts and a support plate 13 to transmit torque; two incremental laser encoders 16 are fixed on the input shaft 15 through bolts and used for measuring the rotation angle; two hand wheels 17 are connected to the input shaft 15 to facilitate torque application.
The acquisition equipment is a multimode structure parameter remote measurement system terminal and a strain gauge and is used for acquiring the displacement and the internal force of the structure; the simulation program is a program written aiming at the structure and is used for simulating the entity model data into a computer and carrying out automatic data processing to directly obtain a non-shearing force distribution result, so that students can conveniently observe and understand the result.
The base frame 1 is a rectangular structure with the thickness of 490mm multiplied by 300 mm multiplied by 490 mm; the distances from the lower edges of the two supporting cross beams 2 to the upper edge of the bottom surface of the base frame 1 are respectively 156mm and 357 mm; the distance from the rear edge of the middle upright post 18 to the rear edge of the front surface of the base frame 1 is 108 mm; the rest sizes can be adjusted according to the installation requirement.
The experimental steps of the double-layer rigid frame structure by the non-shear distribution method are as follows:
firstly, the experimental device of the refined non-shear distribution method double-layer rigid frame structure is installed according to the method, and a measuring device and a collecting device power supply are connected.
And secondly, clockwise rotating the two hand wheels 17 by about 5 degrees, preloading the double-layer rigid frame structure experiment model, and balancing and resetting the multimode structure parameter remote measurement system terminal and the strain gauge.
And thirdly, keeping the lower hand wheel 17 still, clockwise rotating the upper hand wheel 17 in five stages, wherein each stage is about 5 degrees, and the two-stage loading is at least 5 seconds apart, so that the stability of the data of each measuring device is ensured, and the data of torque, displacement and internal force are collected.
And fourthly, keeping the upper hand wheel 17 still, clockwise rotating the lower hand wheel 17 in five stages, wherein each stage is about 5 degrees, and the two-stage loading is at least 5 seconds apart, so that the stability of the data of each measuring device is ensured, and the data of torque, displacement and internal force are collected.
And fifthly, post-processing the acquired data.
And sixthly, unloading, namely rotating the upper hand wheel 17 and the lower hand wheel 17 anticlockwise to restore the model to the state before loading.
And seventhly, clockwise rotating the two hand wheels 17 by about 5 degrees, preloading the double-layer rigid frame structure experiment model, and balancing and resetting the multimode structure parameter remote measurement system terminal and the strain gauge.
And eighthly, keeping the upper hand wheel 17 still, clockwise rotating the lower hand wheel 17 in five stages, wherein each stage is about 5 degrees, and the two-stage loading is at least 5 seconds apart, so that the stability of the data of each measuring device is ensured, and the data of torque, displacement and internal force are collected.
And ninthly, carrying out post-processing on the acquired data.
And step ten, unloading, namely rotating the lower hand wheel 17 anticlockwise to restore the model to the state before loading.
Claims (1)
1. A refined non-shear distribution method double-layer rigid frame structure experimental device is characterized by comprising a foundation frame (1), a supporting cross beam (2), a middle upright post (18), an inverse F-shaped double-layer rigid frame model, loading equipment, measuring equipment and collecting equipment;
the base frame (1) ensures the stability of the whole device by means of the self weight thereof; the middle upright post (18) is vertically fixed on the bottom surface of the base frame (1) and can be adjusted according to the requirement; the number of the supporting cross beams (2) is two, the supporting cross beams are vertically fixed on the side surface of the base frame (1), and the positions of the supporting cross beams can be adjusted as required; the narrow guide rail (3) is fixed on the supporting beam (2); the hinged support (5) is connected with the narrow guide rail (3), and the hinged support (5) can freely slide on the narrow guide rail (3); the reflector (6) is fixed on the hinged support (5) and used for reflecting laser emitted by the laser displacement meter and measuring the displacement of the hinged support (5);
the reverse F-shaped double-layer rigid frame model comprises a test beam (7) and a clamping rigid joint (8); four test beams (7) form an inverse F-shaped double-layer rigid frame model through three groups of clamping rigid nodes (8) and are fixed on the bottom surface of the foundation frame (1); the six pairs of strain gauges (9) are respectively positioned on the four test beams (7) and are used for measuring the internal force of the reverse F-shaped double-layer rigid frame model, wherein one pair of strain gauges is arranged on each of the two transverse test beams (7), and two pairs of strain gauges are arranged on each of the two longitudinal test beams (7); two transverse test beams (7) of the reverse F-shaped double-layer rigid frame model are respectively connected to narrow guide rails (3) of two supporting cross beams (2) through hinged supports (5);
the measuring equipment comprises a laser displacement meter (4), a static torque sensor (12), an incremental laser encoder (16) and a strain gauge (9); the laser displacement meter (4) is fixed on the supporting beam (2) through a supporting plate (13), and the position of the laser displacement meter (4) on the supporting beam (2) can be adjusted according to requirements;
the loading equipment is equipment for applying torque and comprises a flexible shaft (10), an output shaft (11), a support plate (13), a bearing with a seat (14), an input shaft (15) and a hand wheel (17); one ends of the two flexible shafts (10) are connected with two clamping rigid nodes (8) on the upper side of the reverse F-shaped double-layer rigid frame model, and the other ends of the two flexible shafts are connected with one end of an output shaft (11) for transmitting input torque; the other end of the output shaft (11) is connected with one end of the input shaft (15) and is used for transmitting torque; the static torque sensor (12) is fixed on the output shaft (11) through a support plate (13) and a bearing with a seat (14) and is used for measuring torque; the other end of the input shaft (15) is connected with a hand wheel (17) through a support plate (13) and used for applying and transmitting torque; the incremental laser encoder (16) is fixed on the input shaft (15) and used for measuring a rotating angle;
the acquisition equipment is a multimode structure parameter remote measurement system terminal and a strain gauge and is used for acquiring the displacement and the internal force of the structure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010439172.4A CN111537211A (en) | 2020-05-22 | 2020-05-22 | Experimental device for fine double-layer rigid frame structure adopting non-shearing force distribution method |
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| CN202010439172.4A CN111537211A (en) | 2020-05-22 | 2020-05-22 | Experimental device for fine double-layer rigid frame structure adopting non-shearing force distribution method |
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Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU56618U1 (en) * | 2006-04-20 | 2006-09-10 | Красноярская государственная архитектурно-строительная академия КрасГАСА | TEST STAND |
| CN105206142A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2015-12-30 | 大连理工大学 | Displacement visualizing experimental device for teaching |
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| CN110726615A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-24 | 山东大学 | Loading device suitable for T-shaped beam column node test and using method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-05-22 CN CN202010439172.4A patent/CN111537211A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
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| RU56618U1 (en) * | 2006-04-20 | 2006-09-10 | Красноярская государственная архитектурно-строительная академия КрасГАСА | TEST STAND |
| CN105206142A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2015-12-30 | 大连理工大学 | Displacement visualizing experimental device for teaching |
| CN106251745A (en) * | 2016-09-23 | 2016-12-21 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of multi-functional rigid frame experimental model and experimental technique |
| CN110288881A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-09-27 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of modular construction mechanics experiment platform system |
| CN110726615A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-01-24 | 山东大学 | Loading device suitable for T-shaped beam column node test and using method thereof |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 胡必武, 朱小丽, 李仲正: "变截面单跨多层刚架的无剪力分配法", 宁夏农学院学报, no. 03, 15 September 1997 (1997-09-15) * |
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