CN111537132A - Axial pretightening force double-wave measurement method - Google Patents
Axial pretightening force double-wave measurement method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111537132A CN111537132A CN202010310456.3A CN202010310456A CN111537132A CN 111537132 A CN111537132 A CN 111537132A CN 202010310456 A CN202010310456 A CN 202010310456A CN 111537132 A CN111537132 A CN 111537132A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- wave
- fastener
- ultrasonic
- time difference
- pretightening force
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000026683 transduction Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010361 transduction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052980 cadmium sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052984 zinc sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(oxolan-2-yl)propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC1CCCO1 WUPHOULIZUERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003327 LiNbO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003781 PbTiO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005083 Zinc sulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000423 chromium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002592 echocardiography Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052950 sphalerite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum pentoxide Inorganic materials O=[Ta](=O)O[Ta](=O)=O PBCFLUZVCVVTBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;sulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[Zn+2] DRDVZXDWVBGGMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/24—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
- G01L5/246—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed using acoustic waves
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an axial pretightening force double-wave measuring method, which comprises the following steps: integrating a pretightening force sensor on one end surface of the fastener in situ; determining a parameter of the fastener; respectively acquiring transverse wave and longitudinal wave temperature compensation calibration curves of the fastener; measuring the sound time difference from the sending of the transverse wave and the longitudinal wave to the receiving of the first echo, and taking the sound time difference ratio of the transverse wave and the longitudinal wave as a reference value; acquiring an axial pretightening force calibration curve between the acoustic time difference ratio of the transverse wave and the longitudinal wave and the axial pretightening force of the fastener under the same working condition; applying pretightening force to the fastener, measuring the sound time difference ratio of the transverse wave and the longitudinal wave, and obtaining the axial pretightening force of the fastener corresponding to the sound time difference ratio. The invention realizes the ultrasonic double-wave rapid high-precision measurement of the axial pre-tightening force of the fastener, and solves the problems of poor environmental adaptability of the sensor, incapability of realizing simultaneous receiving and sending of double waves, excessively complicated detection equipment line, fuzzy implementation details of the method, measurement failure caused by ultrasonic waveform distortion and the like in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an axial pretightening force measuring method, in particular to a double-wave measuring method for axial pretightening force.
Background
In the prior art, piezoelectric ceramic plates are mostly used as ultrasonic transducers for measuring the pretightening force of the fasteners, the same piezoelectric oscillators are required to be pasted at the two ends of the fasteners to be respectively used as a transmitting end and a reflecting end, or a piezoelectric ceramic sensor is pasted at one end of the fasteners to be used as an ultrasonic transmitting and receiving end, on one hand, the pasting mode, the state and the thickness of pasting paste can not ensure the consistency of each fastener, the measurement value of the fasteners in batches has larger discreteness, so that the measurement mode has larger errors, the measurement precision is not high, on the other hand, the introduction of the coupling paste enables the product to have the problem of environmental stability, and the method can not be suitable for the quantitative measurement of the. Also realize measuring through sensors such as radio frequency, infrared, bluetooth, but this kind of mode needs to set up the sensor in the bottom of head depressed part, and the straining force that the indirect response fastener received is still not inseparable enough owing to the laminating with the fastener for measurement accuracy is not high enough. And an electromagnetic ultrasonic transducer is also adopted for measurement, the transducer is complex in structure, the transducer is required to be adhered through a coupling agent when being contacted with a measured object, and transverse waves cannot be transmitted in liquid. In addition, ultrasonic double waves are adopted for measuring the pre-tightening force of the fastener, but two sets of ultrasonic transducer sensors and signal transceiving processing circuits are needed, the complexity of the circuits of measuring equipment is increased, a reference fastener or a reference calibration value needs to be reserved for each batch of fasteners, the complexity of operation is increased, the influence of propagation time errors caused by the fact that longitudinal waves and transverse waves of the ultrasonic waves are not simultaneously transmitted and received on stress is not considered, the influence of a temperature effect on the length of the fastener is ignored, and the measuring accuracy is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides an axial pretightening force double-wave measurement method, which is used for realizing ultrasonic double-wave rapid high-precision measurement of an axial pretightening force of a fastener and solving the problems that the sensor in the prior art has poor environmental adaptability, cannot realize simultaneous double-wave receiving and sending, the detection equipment line is excessively complicated, the implementation details of the method are fuzzy, and the measurement is invalid due to ultrasonic waveform distortion.
The invention provides an axial pretightening force double-wave measuring method, which comprises the following steps:
and 6, applying pretightening force to the fastening piece, measuring the sound time difference ratio of the ultrasonic transverse wave and the ultrasonic longitudinal wave, and contrasting the axial pretightening force calibration curve to obtain the axial pretightening force of the fastening piece corresponding to the sound time difference ratio.
As a further improvement of the invention, the parameters in step 2, the transverse wave temperature compensation calibration curve and the longitudinal wave temperature compensation calibration curve in step 3, the reference values in step 4, and the actual use state and the axial pretension calibration curve in step 5 are stored in a database.
As a further improvement of the invention, step 6 further comprises: and recording initial waveforms and positions of first ultrasonic transverse wave and first ultrasonic longitudinal wave echo signals by adopting a closed-loop feedback signal processing method, locking the echo signal waves according to the moving direction of the first ultrasonic transverse wave echo signals and the first ultrasonic longitudinal wave echo signals after the fasteners are subjected to pretightening force elongation, and tracking the echo waveforms of the transverse waves and the longitudinal waves in real time.
As a further improvement of the invention, the pretightening force sensor is a thin film piezoelectric transduction sensor.
As a further development of the invention, the pretension sensor is integrated in the upper end face of the fastening element.
As a further improvement of the invention, in step 1, an identification code is marked on the end face of the fastener.
As a further improvement of the invention, the identification code is located on the upper end face of the fastener.
As a further improvement of the invention, the parameters in step 2 are as follows: the speed of sound of the ultrasonic waves, the material parameters of the fastener, and the use state parameters of the fastener.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the method for calibrating the transverse wave temperature compensation coefficient and the longitudinal wave temperature compensation coefficient in step 3 is characterized in that: will the fastener is arranged in proper order for a certain time under 3 at least different temperatures, makes the temperature of fastener itself is unanimous with ambient temperature, measures ultrasonic wave transverse wave and longitudinal wave respectively and sends the receipt quilt the fastener bottom surface reflects the first time echo of transverse wave and the first time echo of longitudinal wave's sound time difference, establishes the relation curve of supersound transverse wave sound time difference and longitudinal wave sound time difference along with temperature variation respectively, confirms transverse wave temperature compensation coefficient and longitudinal wave temperature compensation coefficient.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in step 5, the method for calibrating the corresponding relationship between the acoustic time difference ratio of the ultrasonic transverse waves and the ultrasonic longitudinal waves and the axial pretightening force of the fastening piece is as follows: based on the actual use state of fastener, adopt electron universal tester from 0KN to in the fastener yield range, the equidistance gives a set of at least 5 standard pulling force values, measures the sound time difference of ultrasonic transverse wave and longitudinal wave under corresponding pulling force state to according to the sound time difference ratio of ultrasonic transverse wave and longitudinal wave, establish the calibration curve between the ultrasonic sound time difference ratio under this operating mode and fastener axial pretightning force.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in the measuring process, the pre-tightening force sensor (preferably a thin film piezoelectric transducer sensor) directly growing on the end face of the fastener is introduced, the basic structure of the fastener is not changed, ultrasonic signals are directly transmitted into the fastener, the transverse wave and longitudinal wave signals of ultrasonic waves can be simultaneously transmitted and received, an additional coupling agent (liquid coupling agent cannot transmit the transverse wave of the ultrasonic waves) is not needed, the measuring error or the measuring failure caused by the interference of the improper selection of the coupling agent on the ultrasonic signals is avoided, and the measuring precision of the pre-tightening force is greatly improved.
(2) The fasteners in the same batch only need to calibrate the acoustic time difference ratio of transverse waves and longitudinal waves in a zero-stress (natural) state for one of the fasteners, initial length calibration in a zero-stress state of each tested fastener is avoided when longitudinal wave pretightening force is measured, the pretightening force of the fasteners is directly measured under the condition that a large number of the same fasteners are needed, and the data acquisition amount and the data storage amount are reduced.
(3) Calibrating the temperature coefficient of the fastener, establishing a change relation curve of the ultrasonic transverse wave and longitudinal wave acoustic time difference along with the temperature, and respectively determining a transverse wave temperature compensation coefficient and a longitudinal wave temperature compensation coefficient;
(4) the measurement precision is detected and calibrated by adopting an electronic universal tester, a calibration curve of the acoustic time difference ratio of ultrasonic transverse waves and longitudinal waves and the axial pretightening force of the fastening piece is established, and the axial pretightening force of the fastening piece in the same batch and the same clamping state can be quickly and accurately measured;
(5) because the practical sensor has the environmental adaptability and the service life which are equal to those of the fastener body, the environmental temperature, the vibration and the like can influence the ultrasonic signals transmitted in the fastener, and the stability and the accuracy of the technical method can be effectively improved by introducing the ultrasonic transverse wave and longitudinal wave dynamic tracking technology;
(6) the detection method is suitable for all scenes with requirements on accurate detection and monitoring of the pretightening force of the fastener, and can be used for detecting whether the pretightening force of the fastener reaches a target value or not when the fastener is installed; the device can also be used for the installed fastener, the change of the axial pretightening force of the fastener is monitored for a long time, and the structural damage of a key part caused by overlarge or undersize pretightening force is prevented; the method can also be used for detecting and monitoring the axial pretightening force of the batch fasteners for a long time;
(7) the measuring method disclosed by the invention is wide in application range, can be applied to various specific environments in various industries, and is particularly suitable for state detection of key connecting fasteners of important equipment facilities, especially all scenes which are difficult to be reached by manpower, such as connecting bolts of airplane main body structures, bolts of transmitter combustion chamber shells, fan fixing bases of wind turbine generators, overhead towers, contact networks in the field of rail transit, axle suspension bushes and roadbed connecting bolts, automobile engine cylinder covers, hubs, brake disc bolts and the like, in high-altitude environments, underwater environments, narrow spaces, high-temperature scenes, radiation scenes and the like.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent by describing in detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings. The drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be derived from those drawings by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an axial pretension double-wave measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thin film piezoelectric transducing sensor used in the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a calibration curve of longitudinal wave temperature compensation obtained by calibrating the temperature of a bolt;
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the echo intensity and length of transverse waves and longitudinal waves of a bolt in a natural state;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the ultrasonic duplex wave measurement principle;
FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating the ratio of the acoustic time difference between the ultrasonic transverse wave and the ultrasonic longitudinal wave to the axial pretension force of the bolt when the pretension force is measured on the bolt.
In the figure:
1-a fastener; 2-a transition layer; 3-a piezoelectric layer; 4-a protective layer; 5-electrode layer.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art so that they can be readily implemented by those skilled in the art. As can be readily understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains, the embodiments to be described later may be modified into various forms without departing from the concept and scope of the present invention. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" include plural forms as well, unless the contrary is expressly stated. The term "comprising" as used in the specification embodies particular features, regions, constants, steps, actions, elements and/or components and does not exclude the presence or addition of other particular features, regions, constants, steps, actions, elements, components and/or groups.
All terms including technical and scientific terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Terms defined in dictionaries are to be interpreted as meanings complied with in the relevant technical documents and the present disclosure, and cannot be interpreted as having a very formal meaning without definition.
The invention provides an axial pretightening force double-wave measuring method, which aims to realize the ultrasonic double-wave quick high-precision measurement of the axial pretightening force of a fastener and solve the problems that the prior technical scheme has poor sensor environment adaptability, cannot realize the simultaneous receiving and sending of double waves, has excessively complicated detection equipment lines, is fuzzy in implementation details, causes measurement failure due to ultrasonic wave waveform distortion and the like. The measuring method is based on the ultrasonic film piezoelectric transduction sensor growing on the end face of the fastener in situ, meanwhile, the ultrasonic transverse waves, the ultrasonic longitudinal waves and the reflected echoes of the ultrasonic transverse waves and the ultrasonic longitudinal waves are integrally received and transmitted, the axial pretightening force measuring step and the equipment line of the fastener are simplified, the problem of environmental weather resistance of the sensor can be solved, and the axial pretightening force monitoring of the bolt in the whole life cycle is realized; the diameter of the fastener, the effective clamping length, parameters related to the material of the fastener, the ultrasonic longitudinal wave sound velocity, the acoustic elastic modulus, the temperature compensation coefficient and other parameters are comprehensively considered, so that the measurement error caused by the sound velocity and the bolt length change due to the bolt quality and the temperature can be effectively avoided; the ultrasonic transverse wave and longitudinal wave dynamic tracking technology is introduced to track ultrasonic transverse wave and longitudinal wave echo signals in real time, and even if the waveform is distorted due to stress, the ultrasonic signals cannot be lost. And analyzing and calculating to obtain the axial pre-tightening force (axial force, stress and load) of the fastener by comparing the acoustic time difference signal ratios of the transverse wave and the longitudinal wave of the fastener in different stress states.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for measuring an axial pretension double wave in an embodiment of the present invention includes:
The pretightening force sensor can realize the pretightening force measurement of the fastening piece by simultaneously receiving and transmitting ultrasonic transverse wave signals and ultrasonic longitudinal wave signals.
In an optional implementation mode, the pretightening force sensor directly grows on the end face of the fastener, so that the pretightening force sensor and the end face are combined at an atomic level, the pretightening force sensor is introduced in the integrated mode, the base structure of the fastener is not changed, ultrasonic signals are directly transmitted into the fastener, the transverse wave and longitudinal wave signals of ultrasonic waves can be simultaneously transmitted and received, an additional coupling agent is not needed (the liquid coupling agent cannot transmit the transverse wave of the ultrasonic waves), the measurement error or the measurement failure caused by the interference of the improper selection of the coupling agent on the ultrasonic signals is avoided, and the measurement precision of the pretightening force is greatly improved.
In an alternative embodiment, the pretension sensor can be integrated in the upper or lower end face of the fastener. Preferably, the pretightening force sensor is integrated on the upper end face of the fastening piece, so that the measurement accuracy is more accurate.
In an optional implementation mode, the pretightening force sensor adopts a thin film piezoelectric transduction sensor, so that the pretightening force sensor is strong in environmental adaptability, resistant to high temperature and corrosion, long in service life and higher in measurement precision in the using process.
In an alternative embodiment, a thin film piezoelectric transducer sensor is shown in fig. 2, which is grown directly on the end face of the fastener 1, with piezoelectric layers 3 and electrode layers 5 arranged in sequence from the surface of the fastener 1. The piezoelectric layer 3 is a main functional layer of the sensor, and realizes the interconversion of electrical signals and mechanical signals, and the electrode layer 5 is used for receiving and exporting the electrical signals outwards. Pulse signals are provided for the electrode layer 5 through measuring equipment, and the piezoelectric layer 3 generates a piezoelectric effect and an inverse piezoelectric effect under the pulse voltage to realize the receiving and sending of ultrasonic signals.
In an alternative embodiment, the material of the piezoelectric layer 3 includes, but is not limited to, zinc oxide ZnO, aluminum nitride AlN, cadmium sulfide CdS, zinc sulfide ZnS, and tantalum oxide Ta2O5Lithium niobate LiNbO3Lead titanate PbTiO3And polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
In an alternative embodiment, the material of the electrode layer 5 includes, but is not limited to, indium, tin, aluminum, titanium, nickel, copper, silver, gold, platinum, tungsten, and the like.
In an alternative embodiment, a transition layer 2 may be further disposed between the surface of the fastening member 1 and the piezoelectric layer 3, and the transition layer 2 mainly improves the bonding force between the piezoelectric layer film and the base material.
In an alternative embodiment, the material of the transition layer 2 is generally metal, including but not limited to titanium, nickel, chromium, etc.
The transition layer 2 in the above embodiments can be designed adaptively according to the base material of the fastener to be used.
In an alternative embodiment, a protective layer 4 may be further disposed between the piezoelectric layer 3 and the electrode layer 5, and the protective layer 4 may increase the impedance of the piezoelectric sensor to reduce the conductance of the device, and may protect the thin film piezoelectric device from the external environmental conditions.
In an alternative embodiment, the protective layer 4 is generally selected from a material that is physico-chemically stable, strong and highly resistive, including but not limited to chromium oxide Cr2O3Aluminum oxide Al2O3AlN nitride and SiO oxide2Silicon nitride Si3N4Silicon carbide SiC, diamond, doped diamond, and the like.
The protective layer 4 in the above embodiment can be designed adaptively according to the use environment of the sensor and the like.
The measuring method of the present invention is applicable to the measurement of various fasteners, such as bolts, screws, bolts, etc., and the form and material of the fasteners are not limited.
In an alternative embodiment, the fastener end face is marked with an identification code. The identification code preferably adopts a two-dimensional code, and the position of the two-dimensional code is mainly convenient for scanning and identification. Preferably, the identification code is located on the upper end face of the fastener, as the lower end face may not be exposed to the outside, thereby interfering with the identification of the identity of the fastener. The size of a general two-dimensional code is 2mm, and the size of the two-dimensional code can be adjusted, is mainly determined according to the size of the end face of the fastener, and can be used outside or on the pre-tightening force sensor. The identification code is marked on each fastener, the fasteners are normalized, the ID is confirmed, the related information and pretightening force change database type management of the fasteners in batches can be realized, and the data confusion is avoided.
And 2, determining the parameters of the fastener.
Wherein, the parameters include: the ultrasonic sound velocity related to the material used, the material parameters of the fastener (such as elastic modulus, yield strength and the like) and the use state parameters of the fastener (such as bolt specification of the bolt, bolt diameter, bolt pitch, clamping length and the like) are measured and stored in a database. Each fastener has an identification code, and by identifying the identification code, direct calling and batch management of each fastener parameter can be realized. Based on the same batch of fasteners, one of the fasteners can be selected to measure the corresponding parameter, reducing the amount of data collected and stored.
And 3, respectively measuring the sound time difference from the ultrasonic transverse wave and the ultrasonic longitudinal wave to the first echo of the received transverse wave and the first echo of the received longitudinal wave at different temperatures, and respectively acquiring a transverse wave temperature compensation calibration curve and a longitudinal wave temperature compensation calibration curve of the fastener.
And the transverse wave temperature compensation calibration curve and the longitudinal wave temperature compensation calibration curve are also stored in the database for calling and managing.
The ultrasonic transverse wave and longitudinal wave sound velocities and the extension length of the fastener are influenced by temperature, the temperature rises, the ultrasonic double-wave sound velocity becomes slow, the length of the fastener can also extend at room temperature, and measurement errors of the propagation time of the ultrasonic double waves in the fastener can be caused, so that a temperature compensation calibration curve needs to be preferentially established for fasteners of the same batch. In an optional implementation manner, the method used for calibrating the shear wave temperature compensation coefficient and the longitudinal wave temperature compensation coefficient is as follows: the fastener is sequentially placed at 5 different temperatures (the more reference points are, the calibration coefficient obtained by a calibration curve can be more accurate, at least 3 points are needed for ensuring the accuracy of the calibration coefficient), the temperature of the fastener is consistent with the ambient temperature, the sound time difference of the first echo of the transverse wave and the first echo of the longitudinal wave sent to and received by the bottom surface of the fastener is measured respectively, the relation curves of the sound time difference of the transverse wave and the sound time difference of the longitudinal wave along with the temperature change are established respectively, and the temperature compensation coefficient of the transverse wave and the temperature compensation coefficient of the longitudinal wave are determined through linear fitting.
Due to the fact that the length of the fastener stretches due to the temperature, and the sound velocity of ultrasonic waves at different temperatures changes, measurement errors of ultrasonic sound time difference can be caused, and the obtained pre-tightening force value can deviate from the true value seriously. Under the condition that the same fastener is loaded or unloaded, the ultrasonic transverse wave sound time difference of the fastener has a linear relation with the temperature change (T is A + B X, T is the ultrasonic transverse wave sound time difference, A, B is a linear relation fitting value, and X is the fastener temperature), and the ultrasonic longitudinal wave sound time difference of the fastener has a line with the temperature changeSexual relationship (T)/＝A/+B/*X，T/For ultrasonic transverse wave acoustic time difference, A/、B/Is a linear fit, X is the fastener temperature) and has a similar slope in both the loaded and unloaded cases, i.e., the temperature compensation coefficients B in both cases can be considered to be identical, B being/Agreement may also be considered. Therefore, the obtained temperature compensation coefficient can correct the acoustic time difference in the calculation formula when the pretightening force is measured by ultrasonic waves, so that the test value is closer to the true value, and the test precision of the axial pretightening force is improved.
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a longitudinal wave temperature compensation calibration curve obtained by temperature calibration of the bolt by using the method.
And 4, measuring the sound time difference from the ultrasonic transverse wave and the longitudinal wave to the first echo of the received transverse wave and the first echo of the longitudinal wave when the fastener is in an unstressed natural state, and taking the sound time difference ratio of the ultrasonic transverse wave and the longitudinal wave as an initial state reference value. The initial state reference value is used as a reference line for the change of the acoustic time difference ratio of the subsequent test.
The state of the fastener under no stress, i.e. the initial state, is stored in the database as a reference for this batch of fasteners. For the same batch of fasteners, only one needs to be found as a representative to measure the initial condition data. The initial state of the fasteners does not need to be stored one by one for a large batch of fasteners of the same type, and the acquisition amount and the storage amount of data are reduced.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the echo intensity of transverse waves and longitudinal waves and the length of the bolt (ultrasonic sound path) in a natural state when the bolt is under the pretightening force measurement by the method.
And 5, referring to the actual use state of the fastener, and acquiring an axial pretightening force calibration curve between the acoustic time difference ratio of the ultrasonic transverse wave and the ultrasonic longitudinal wave and the axial pretightening force of the fastener under the same working condition based on the acoustic elasticity principle.
By utilizing the characteristic that ultrasonic transverse waves and longitudinal waves have different acoustoelastic factors under the stress condition, the condition that initial length calibration needs to be carried out on each tested fastener in a zero-stress state when the pretightening force of the longitudinal wave single-wave fastener is measured is avoided, the pretightening force of the fastener can be directly measured under the condition that a large number of fasteners of the same kind are used, the data acquisition amount and the data storage amount are reduced, and the fastener pretightening force measurement process is simplified.
As shown in fig. 5, the ultrasonic double wave measurement principle, the fastener pre-tightening force is given by the formula (1):
in the formula, TTIs the echo time of transverse wave in stress state, TLIs the longitudinal wave echo time in the stress state, TT0Is the echo time of transverse wave in the unstressed state, TL0The longitudinal wave echo time in the stress-free state, K is the acoustoelastic constant, β is the ratio of the clamping length to the total length of the fastener, F is the fastener preload, wherein,
the method is only related to the metallurgical parameters and the temperature of the material, and the K is only related to the metallurgical parameters and can be obtained by calibrating the fastener drawing machine at one time.
The acoustic time difference ratio in the initial state obtained in the step 4 is an initial value in the ultrasonic double-wave measurement principle, namely
The ratio of (a) to (b).
Based on the acoustic elasticity principle, the sound velocity of the ultrasonic longitudinal wave is obviously influenced by stress, and the ultrasonic transverse wave is not influenced by the stress, so that the axial pretightening force of the bolt can be determined according to the sound time difference ratio of the ultrasonic transverse wave and the ultrasonic longitudinal wave. Further, the method for calibrating the corresponding relation between the sound time difference ratio of the ultrasonic transverse waves and the ultrasonic longitudinal waves and the axial pretightening force of the fastening piece comprises the following steps: based on the actual use state of fastener, adopt electron universal tester from 0KN to in the fastener yield range, the equidistance gives a set of 6 (the reference point is more, calibration coefficient that calibration curve obtained can be more accurate, for guaranteeing calibration coefficient's accuracy, needs 5 points at least) the pulling force value of standard, measures the sound time difference of ultrasonic wave shear wave and longitudinal wave under corresponding the pulling force state to according to the sound time difference ratio of ultrasonic wave shear wave and longitudinal wave, establish the calibration curve between the ultrasonic wave sound time difference ratio under this operating mode and fastener axial pretightning force.
Ultrasonic transverse wave and longitudinal wave sound time difference ratio T/T/And the change of the axial pretightening force F of the fastener has a linear relation, referring to a formula (1), and at the moment, the temperature compensation coefficient is substituted into the axial pretightening force formula to be corrected.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a calibration curve of the ratio of the acoustic time difference of the ultrasonic transverse wave and the ultrasonic longitudinal wave to the axial pre-tightening force of the bolt when the pre-tightening force of the bolt is measured by the method.
The actual use state data and the axial pretightening force calibration curve of the fastener are stored in a database for direct calling and management.
To this end, all relevant information of the fasteners in the same batch, including ultrasonic sound velocity, elastic modulus of material, yield strength, bolt specification, bolt diameter, bolt pitch, clamping length and the like, as well as a transverse wave temperature compensation calibration curve, a longitudinal wave temperature compensation coefficient, an axial pretightening force calibration curve between the ratio of the sound time difference of ultrasonic transverse waves and longitudinal waves and the axial pretightening force of the fasteners, initial state data when the pretightening force is measured by adopting ultrasonic waves, and actual use state data (bolt service environment temperature, sound time difference, elongation, data fluctuation standard deviation, pretightening force measured by ultrasonic waves and the like) when the pretightening force is measured by adopting ultrasonic waves, are stored in a database for calling and managing.
And 6, applying pretightening force to the fastener, measuring the sound time difference ratio of the ultrasonic transverse wave and the longitudinal wave, and contrasting the axial pretightening force calibration curve to obtain the axial pretightening force of the fastener corresponding to the sound time difference ratio of the ultrasonic transverse wave and the longitudinal wave.
The steps 1-5 have already completed the calibration of relevant parameters of the same batch of fasteners, and when the axial pre-tightening force needs to be measured for different fasteners in the batch during use, the method of step 6 is adopted for the fasteners to measure.
In an optional implementation manner, the method further includes: and recording initial waveforms and positions of first ultrasonic transverse wave and first ultrasonic longitudinal wave echo signals by adopting a closed-loop feedback signal processing method, locking the echo signal waves according to the moving direction of the first ultrasonic transverse wave echo signals and the first ultrasonic longitudinal wave echo signals after the fasteners are subjected to pretightening force elongation, and tracking the echo waveforms of the transverse waves and the longitudinal waves in real time. And after real-time echo waveforms are tracked, data need to be fed back in time, and information such as fastener elongation, sound time difference and the like caused by the variation of the received pretightening force contained in the first echo curve of the ultrasonic transverse waves and the ultrasonic longitudinal waves is obtained. The practical sensor must possess environmental suitability and the life-span that is equal to the fastener body, and ambient temperature, vibration etc. all can exert an influence to the ultrasonic signal of transmission in the fastener, adopt this pursuit method, and ultrasonic equipment can catch the measurement peak signal all the time, guarantees reliability and the accuracy of measuring result under the drastic change of pretightning force stress.
The detection method is suitable for all scenes with requirements on accurate detection and monitoring of the pretightening force of the fastener, and can be used for detecting whether the pretightening force of the fastener (such as a bolt) reaches a target value or not when the fastener is installed; the device can also be used for the installed fasteners (such as bolts), the change of the axial pretightening force of the fasteners is monitored for a long time, and the structural damage of key parts caused by overlarge or too small pretightening force is prevented; the method can also be used for detecting and monitoring the axial pretightening force of a batch of fasteners (such as bolts) for a long time. Preferably, the method is suitable for detecting the state of key connecting fasteners (such as bolts) of important equipment facilities, especially all scenes which are easy to reach by human parts, such as high-altitude environments, underwater environments, narrow spaces, high-temperature scenes, radiation scenes and the like, for example, connecting bolts of main body structures of airplanes, bolts of shells of combustion chambers of transmitters, fan fixing bases of wind turbine generators, overhead towers, contact nets in the field of rail transit, axle suspension bushes and roadbed connecting bolts, cylinder covers of automobile engines, wheel hubs, brake disc bolts and the like.
Thus, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while a number of exemplary embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the invention may be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be understood and interpreted to cover all such other variations or modifications.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that: that the invention as claimed requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
Thus, it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while a number of exemplary embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described in detail herein, many other variations or modifications consistent with the principles of the invention may be directly determined or derived from the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be understood and interpreted to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (10)
1. An axial pretightening force double-wave measuring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, integrating a pretightening force sensor on one end face of a fastener in situ;
step 2, determining parameters of the fastener;
step 3, respectively measuring the sound time difference from the ultrasonic transverse wave and the longitudinal wave to the first echo of the received transverse wave and the first echo of the longitudinal wave at different temperatures, and respectively obtaining a transverse wave temperature compensation calibration curve and a longitudinal wave temperature compensation calibration curve of the fastener;
step 4, measuring the sound time difference from the ultrasonic transverse wave and the longitudinal wave to the first echo of the received transverse wave and the first echo of the longitudinal wave when the fastener is in an unstressed natural state, and taking the sound time difference ratio of the ultrasonic transverse wave and the longitudinal wave as an initial state reference value;
step 5, acquiring an axial pretightening force calibration curve between the acoustic time difference ratio of the ultrasonic transverse wave and the ultrasonic longitudinal wave and the axial pretightening force of the fastener under the same working condition based on the acoustic elasticity principle by referring to the actual use state of the fastener;
and 6, applying pretightening force to the fastening piece, measuring the sound time difference ratio of the ultrasonic transverse wave and the ultrasonic longitudinal wave, and obtaining the axial pretightening force value of the fastening piece corresponding to the sound time difference ratio of the ultrasonic wave by contrasting the axial pretightening force calibration curve.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parameters in step 2, the calibration curve for the transverse wave temperature compensation and the calibration curve for the longitudinal wave temperature compensation in step 3, the reference values in step 4, and the actual usage status and the axial pretension calibration curve in step 5 are stored in the database.
3. The method for measuring double waves of axial pretension as claimed in claim 1, wherein step 6 further comprises: and recording initial waveforms and positions of first ultrasonic transverse wave and first ultrasonic longitudinal wave echo signals by adopting a closed-loop feedback signal processing method, locking the echo signal waves according to the moving direction of the first ultrasonic transverse wave echo signals and the first ultrasonic longitudinal wave echo signals after the fasteners are subjected to pretightening force elongation, and tracking the echo waveforms of the transverse waves and the longitudinal waves in real time.
4. The axial pretension double wave measurement method of claim 1, wherein the pretension sensor is a thin film piezoelectric transduction sensor.
5. The axial pretension duplex wave measurement method of claim 1, wherein the pretension sensor is integrated into the upper end surface of the fastener.
6. The method for measuring double waves of axial pretension as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that in step 1, an identification code is marked on the end face of the fastener.
7. The method for measuring double axial pretension waves of claim 6, wherein the identification code is located on the upper end surface of the fastener.
8. The axial pretension double wave measurement method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the parameters in step 2 are: the speed of sound of the ultrasonic waves, the material parameters of the fastener, and the use state parameters of the fastener.
9. The method for measuring double waves of axial pretension force according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, the method for calibrating the transverse wave temperature compensation coefficient and the longitudinal wave temperature compensation coefficient comprises the following steps: will the fastener is arranged in proper order for a certain time under 3 at least different temperatures, makes the temperature of fastener itself is unanimous with ambient temperature, measures ultrasonic wave transverse wave and longitudinal wave respectively and sends the receipt quilt the fastener bottom surface reflects the first time echo of transverse wave and the first time echo of longitudinal wave's sound time difference, establishes the relation curve of supersound transverse wave sound time difference and longitudinal wave sound time difference along with temperature variation respectively, confirms transverse wave temperature compensation coefficient and longitudinal wave temperature compensation coefficient.
10. The method for measuring double waves of axial pretension according to claim 1, wherein in step 5, the method for calibrating the corresponding relationship between the acoustic time difference ratio of the ultrasonic transverse waves and the ultrasonic longitudinal waves and the axial pretension of the fastener is as follows: based on the actual use state of fastener, adopt electron universal tester from 0KN to in the fastener yield range, the equidistance gives a set of at least 5 standard pulling force values, measures the sound time difference of ultrasonic transverse wave and longitudinal wave under corresponding pulling force state to according to the sound time difference ratio of ultrasonic transverse wave and longitudinal wave, establish the calibration curve between ultrasonic transverse wave and longitudinal wave sound time difference ratio and the fastener axial pretightning force under this operating mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010310456.3A CN111537132A (en) | 2020-04-20 | 2020-04-20 | Axial pretightening force double-wave measurement method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010310456.3A CN111537132A (en) | 2020-04-20 | 2020-04-20 | Axial pretightening force double-wave measurement method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111537132A true CN111537132A (en) | 2020-08-14 |
Family
ID=71980056
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010310456.3A Pending CN111537132A (en) | 2020-04-20 | 2020-04-20 | Axial pretightening force double-wave measurement method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111537132A (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112033597A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-04 | 苏州博昇科技有限公司 | High-strength bolt axial force ultrasonic double-wave rapid calibration and detection method |
| CN112444337A (en) * | 2020-11-14 | 2021-03-05 | 河南九域恩湃电力技术有限公司 | Temperature-compensated transmission tower bolt pretightening force measuring probe and method |
| CN112577653A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-30 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Method for measuring high-strength bolt fastening axial force of bridge |
| CN113587992A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-02 | 律音科技(武汉)有限公司 | Ultrasonic double-wave measurement method, application and equipment for pretightening force and temperature of solid material |
| CN114184313A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-15 | 苏州博昇科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic double-wave high-reliability detection method and device for bolt stress |
| CN115094393A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-23 | 武汉大学 | ZnO piezoelectric coating material capable of simultaneously exciting longitudinal-transverse waves and preparation method and application thereof |
| WO2022241855A1 (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-11-24 | 华东理工大学 | Ultrasonic probe for on-line measurement of axial force of high-temperature bolt |
| CN116086680A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-05-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for measuring bolt axial force based on combination of longitudinal wave and trailing wave |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102636307A (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2012-08-15 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Effective stress level test device and method of vertical prestressed reinforcement |
| CN108692853A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-10-23 | 成都众柴科技有限公司 | Bolt stress and internal flaw realtime on-line monitoring method and system |
| CN109813485A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-05-28 | 中国大唐集团新能源科学技术研究院有限公司 | Ultrasonic bolt pretightning force remote supervision system |
| CN208998971U (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-06-18 | 王漫笠 | A kind of ultrasonic measurement tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device |
| CN110044534A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-23 | 济南大学 | A kind of bolt pretightening detection method |
-
2020
- 2020-04-20 CN CN202010310456.3A patent/CN111537132A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102636307A (en) * | 2012-04-10 | 2012-08-15 | 交通运输部公路科学研究所 | Effective stress level test device and method of vertical prestressed reinforcement |
| CN108692853A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-10-23 | 成都众柴科技有限公司 | Bolt stress and internal flaw realtime on-line monitoring method and system |
| CN208998971U (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-06-18 | 王漫笠 | A kind of ultrasonic measurement tools for bolts ' pretension force measuring device |
| CN109813485A (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2019-05-28 | 中国大唐集团新能源科学技术研究院有限公司 | Ultrasonic bolt pretightning force remote supervision system |
| CN110044534A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-07-23 | 济南大学 | A kind of bolt pretightening detection method |
Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112033597A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-12-04 | 苏州博昇科技有限公司 | High-strength bolt axial force ultrasonic double-wave rapid calibration and detection method |
| CN112033597B (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-05-10 | 苏州博昇科技有限公司 | High-strength bolt axial force ultrasonic double-wave rapid calibration and detection method |
| WO2022041398A1 (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2022-03-03 | 苏州博昇科技有限公司 | Method for quick calibration and measurement of axial forces of high-strength bolts by transverse and longitudinal ultrasonic waves |
| CN112444337B (en) * | 2020-11-14 | 2022-04-22 | 河南九域恩湃电力技术有限公司 | Temperature-compensated transmission tower bolt pretightening force measuring probe and method |
| CN112444337A (en) * | 2020-11-14 | 2021-03-05 | 河南九域恩湃电力技术有限公司 | Temperature-compensated transmission tower bolt pretightening force measuring probe and method |
| CN112577653B (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2022-07-01 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Method for measuring high-strength bolt fastening axial force of bridge |
| CN112577653A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-03-30 | 中铁大桥局集团有限公司 | Method for measuring high-strength bolt fastening axial force of bridge |
| WO2022241855A1 (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2022-11-24 | 华东理工大学 | Ultrasonic probe for on-line measurement of axial force of high-temperature bolt |
| GB2621519A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2024-02-14 | Univ East China Science & Tech | Ultrasonic probe for on-line measurement of axial force of high-temperature bolt |
| CN113587992A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-02 | 律音科技(武汉)有限公司 | Ultrasonic double-wave measurement method, application and equipment for pretightening force and temperature of solid material |
| CN113587992B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-07-12 | 律音科技(武汉)有限公司 | Ultrasonic double-wave measurement method, application and equipment for pretightening force and temperature of solid material |
| WO2023005061A1 (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2023-02-02 | 律音科技(武汉)有限公司 | Method, use, and device for ultrasonic double-wave measurement of pre-tightening force and temperature of solid material |
| CN114184313A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-15 | 苏州博昇科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic double-wave high-reliability detection method and device for bolt stress |
| CN114184313B (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2024-04-09 | 苏州博昇科技有限公司 | Ultrasonic double-wave high-reliability detection method and device for bolt stress |
| CN115094393A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-23 | 武汉大学 | ZnO piezoelectric coating material capable of simultaneously exciting longitudinal-transverse waves and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116086680A (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-05-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for measuring bolt axial force based on combination of longitudinal wave and trailing wave |
| CN116086680B (en) * | 2022-11-25 | 2023-07-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for measuring bolt axial force based on combination of longitudinal wave and trailing wave |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN111537132A (en) | Axial pretightening force double-wave measurement method | |
| CN111537131A (en) | Axial pretightening force single-wave measurement method | |
| RU2076252C1 (en) | Ultrasonic load indicator and method of its manufacture (versions) | |
| US6192759B1 (en) | Remote self-powered structure monitor | |
| US20090183572A1 (en) | Connector component with temperature-resistant sensor element | |
| US5220839A (en) | Ultrasonic load measuring device with control feature | |
| DE102007012494B4 (en) | Engine torque detection sensor system | |
| US6990866B2 (en) | Load indicating member with identifying mark | |
| US7441462B2 (en) | Load indicating member with identifying element | |
| US7114373B2 (en) | Fluid monitoring | |
| US5205176A (en) | Ultrasonic load cell with transducer | |
| JP2007256287A (en) | Pressure sensor | |
| CN111504542A (en) | Fastener with stress sensing function and suitable for being used in high-temperature environment and film transduction sensing system | |
| CN111504541B (en) | Fastener with stress sensing function and suitable for being used in high-corrosion environment and thin film transduction sensing system | |
| CN212363509U (en) | Fastener with stress sensing function and film transduction sensing system | |
| US20220390418A1 (en) | Active Temperature Compensation Technique for Structural Health Monitoring Sensors | |
| Bulletti et al. | Interdigital piezopolymer transducers for time of flight measurements with ultrasonic lamb waves on carbon-epoxy composites under pure bending stress | |
| CN114894368B (en) | Bolt shear circumferential distribution measuring method based on array film rotation calibration | |
| CN110894858B (en) | Health monitoring system | |
| Hage-Ali et al. | SAW-RFID Sensors for Industrial Applications | |
| CN116625221A (en) | Temperature compensation hardware circuit structure for strain measurement of piezoelectric sensor | |
| Chen | Research on Liquid QCM Sensor Design and Response Model |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20200814 |