CN111536523A - Multistage airflow separation fixed bed combustion device and industrial waste combustion method - Google Patents
Multistage airflow separation fixed bed combustion device and industrial waste combustion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111536523A CN111536523A CN202010347539.XA CN202010347539A CN111536523A CN 111536523 A CN111536523 A CN 111536523A CN 202010347539 A CN202010347539 A CN 202010347539A CN 111536523 A CN111536523 A CN 111536523A
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- fixed bed
- furnace body
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/033—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J1/00—Removing ash, clinker, or slag from combustion chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-stage airflow separation fixed bed combustion device and a method for combusting industrial wastes, and the multi-stage airflow separation fixed bed combustion device comprises a furnace body and a flue gas chamber, wherein the top end of the flue gas chamber is provided with a flue gas discharge port, the bottom of the flue gas chamber is provided with an ash residue discharge port, the other side wall of the furnace body is provided with a lighting fixed bed and an airflow separation fixed bed in a step-type manner from top to bottom, the side wall of the furnace body at the bottom of each stage of airflow separation fixed bed is provided with an airflow separation nozzle, and a gas pressure regulating valve; the side wall of the furnace body above the ignition fixed bed is provided with a fuel inlet for feeding the material to be combusted and the fuel into the furnace body. The invention has simple structure and convenient use, can mix industrial waste and fuel and then send the mixed industrial waste and fuel into the furnace body to carry out staged combustion through multi-stage airflow blowing, and the industrial waste is completely and thoroughly combusted in the multi-stage airflow separation fixed bed. Therefore, the invention has the advantages of thorough and safe treatment of industrial waste and environment-friendly treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial waste treatment, in particular to a multi-stage airflow separation fixed bed combustion device and a method for combusting industrial waste.
Background
Recently, the industrial enterprises in China are rapidly developed, the yield of various industrial wastes and hazardous wastes is increasingly increased, and the mode for treating the industrial wastes and the hazardous wastes in China is mainly a rotary kiln incineration treatment mode. Because the sources of industrial waste and hazardous waste are uncertain and the types of industrial waste and hazardous waste are various, the existing treatment mode has the problems of small treatment amount, incomplete treatment and single treatment waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a multistage airflow separation fixed bed combustion device and a method for combusting industrial waste.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is implemented according to the following technical scheme:
a multi-stage airflow separation fixed bed combustion device comprises a furnace body and a flue gas chamber, wherein one side wall of the furnace body is fixedly connected with one side wall of the flue gas chamber, and the bottom of one side of the furnace body is communicated with the bottom of one side of the flue gas chamber; the top end of the flue gas chamber is provided with a flue gas outlet, the bottom of the flue gas chamber is provided with an ash residue outlet, the other side wall of the furnace body is provided with a lighting fixed bed and an airflow separation fixed bed in a stepped manner from top to bottom, the airflow separation fixed bed is at least arranged into three stages, the side wall of the furnace body at the bottom of each stage of the airflow separation fixed bed is provided with an airflow separation nozzle, and all the airflow separation nozzles are connected to an; a gas pressure regulating valve is arranged in each gas flow separation nozzle to regulate the pressure entering the gas flow separation nozzles from top to bottom to be gradually reduced; the side wall of the furnace body above the ignition fixed bed is provided with a fuel inlet for feeding the material to be combusted and the fuel into the furnace body.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, a hot air inlet is arranged on the side wall of the furnace body above the ignition fixed bed.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, more than one auxiliary feed inlet is also arranged on the side wall of the furnace body above the ignition fixed bed.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, a compressed air nozzle is arranged on the side wall of the communicating part of the bottom of the furnace body and the bottom of the flue gas chamber, and the compressed air nozzle is connected with an exhaust port of an air compressor.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, a plurality of inspection manholes are arranged on the side wall of the furnace body.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for combusting industrial waste by the multi-stage airflow separation fixed bed combustion device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, for solid combustion materials, firstly, the solid combustion materials and fuel are mixed and crushed into particles with the diameter less than 100 mm, then the particles are sent into a furnace body from a fuel inlet, preheated air is introduced into the furnace body from a hot air inlet, the materials absorb heat in the furnace body in the falling process, large particles start to burn when falling on an ignition fixed bed, in the falling process of the materials, due to airflow passing through airflow separation nozzles, the particles of the materials are different in size, large particles can continuously fall, small particles can be blown to the next stage of airflow separation fixed bed, the airflow pressure of each stage of airflow separation fixed bed is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the material particles correspondingly fall on the corresponding airflow separation fixed bed due to the difference of the particle size, the material particles are blown by the airflow, when the weight of the material particles is not enough to continuously stay on the airflow separation fixed bed at the stage after the combustion of the material particles is reduced, the ash slag is blown by the airflow of the airflow separation nozzle, enters the next-stage airflow separation fixed bed to be continuously combusted, finally becomes flue gas and enters the flue gas chamber, and a large non-combustible device is blown by high-pressure airflow periodically sprayed by the compressed air nozzle and is discharged from the ash slag discharge port;
s2, feeding the liquid and fluid industrial waste into the furnace body through the auxiliary feed inlet on the basis of the step S1.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has simple structure and convenient use, and can mix industrial waste and fuel and send the mixed industrial waste and fuel into the furnace body to carry out staged combustion through multi-stage airflow blowing, and the industrial waste is completely and thoroughly combusted in the multi-stage airflow separation fixed bed. Therefore, the invention has the advantages of thorough and safe treatment of industrial waste and environment-friendly treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a multi-stage gas-flow separation fixed bed combustion apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the multi-stage, gas-flow-classified, fixed-bed combustion apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the multistage gas flow separation fixed bed combustion device of the present embodiment comprises a furnace body 61 and a flue gas chamber 63; one side wall of the furnace body 61 is fixedly connected with one side wall of the flue gas chamber 63, and the bottom of one side of the furnace body 61 is communicated with the bottom of one side of the flue gas chamber 63; the top end of the flue gas chamber 63 is provided with a flue gas outlet 65, the bottom of the flue gas chamber is provided with an ash residue outlet 64, the other side wall of the furnace body 61 is provided with an ignition fixed bed 611 and an airflow separation fixed bed 612 in a stepped manner from top to bottom, the structure of the ignition fixed bed 611 is consistent with that of a fixed bed in the prior art, the purpose of the structure is to ignite crushed industrial waste and fuel, the airflow separation fixed bed 612 is at least provided with three stages, and the side wall of the furnace body 61 at the bottom of each stage of the airflow separation fixed bed 612 is provided with airflow separation nozzles 62, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the airflow separation fixed bed 612 in the embodiment is provided with three stages, and all the; a gas pressure regulating valve (not shown) is arranged in each gas flow separation nozzle 62 to regulate the pressure of the gas flow entering the gas flow separation nozzle 62 from top to bottom to be gradually reduced; the side wall of the communicating part of the bottom of the furnace body 61 and the bottom of the flue gas chamber 63 is provided with a compressed air nozzle 613, and the compressed air nozzle 613 is connected with an exhaust port of an air compressor (not shown in the figure); the side wall of the furnace body 61 above the ignition fixed bed 611 is provided with a fuel inlet 67 and an auxiliary feed port 69 for feeding the material to be combusted and the fuel into the furnace body 61.
In this embodiment, more than one auxiliary feed port 69 is provided, as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, two auxiliary feed ports 67 are provided, and according to different material conditions, the materials can be freely and selectively added into the multistage air flow separation fixed bed through different auxiliary feed ports 67. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the auxiliary feed port 67 is connected to a solid pump 7, and liquid and flowable wastes can be fed into the furnace body 61 through a pipe using, for example, a solid pump.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, the hot air inlet 68 is formed on the side wall of the furnace body 61 above the ignition fixed bed 611, and when in use, external air can be preheated by an air preheater and then introduced into the furnace body 61 from the hot air inlet, and the introduction of high-temperature air into the multi-stage airflow separation fixed bed 611 can improve the combustion efficiency of the material to be combusted and the fuel.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of service manholes 66 are provided on the side wall of the furnace body 61, and online observation and service can be realized through the service manholes 66.
The industrial waste is treated by using the multistage airflow separation fixed bed combustion device, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, for solid industrial waste, firstly, the solid industrial waste and fuel are mixed and crushed into particles with the diameter less than 100 mm, then the particles are sent into the furnace body 61 from the fuel inlet 67, preheated air is introduced into the furnace body 61 from the hot air inlet 68, the materials absorb heat in the furnace body in the falling process, large particles start to burn when falling on the ignition fixed bed 611, the particles of the materials are different in size due to airflow passing through the airflow separation nozzles in the falling process, large particles can continuously fall, small particles can be blown to the airflow separation fixed bed 612 at the next stage, the airflow pressure of each airflow separation fixed bed 612 at each stage from top to bottom is gradually reduced, the material particles correspondingly fall on the corresponding airflow separation fixed bed 612 due to different particle sizes, the material particles are blown by the airflow, and when the material particles are burned to be small, when the weight of the particles is not enough to stay in the airflow separation fixed bed 612, the particles can be blown up by the airflow of the airflow separation nozzle, the particles enter the next-stage airflow separation fixed bed 612 to be continuously combusted, industrial waste is completely and completely combusted in the multistage airflow separation fixed bed 612 and finally changed into flue gas to enter the flue gas chamber 63, and a large-block incombustible device is periodically blown out by high-pressure airflow from the compressed air nozzle 613 to be discharged from the ash residue discharge port 64;
s2, the liquid and fluid industrial waste is sent into the furnace body 61 from the auxiliary feed port 69 through the pipeline by the solid pump on the basis of the step S1.
In addition, according to different use modes, the invention can be independently used as an incinerator, and can also be used on a power plant boiler, a cement plant rotary kiln and a lime kiln in a matching way.
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the limitations of the above specific embodiments, and all technical modifications made according to the technical solution of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a fixed bed burner is selected separately to multistage gas flow, includes furnace body (61) and flue gas chamber (63), its characterized in that: one side wall of the furnace body (61) is fixedly connected with one side wall of the flue gas chamber (63), and the bottom of one side of the furnace body (61) is communicated with the bottom of one side of the flue gas chamber (63); the top end of the flue gas chamber (63) is provided with a flue gas discharge port (65), the bottom of the flue gas chamber is provided with an ash discharge port (64), the other side wall of the furnace body (61) is provided with a lighting fixed bed (611) and an airflow separation fixed bed (612) in a stepped manner from top to bottom, the airflow separation fixed bed (612) is at least arranged in three stages, the side wall of the furnace body (61) at the bottom of each stage of the airflow separation fixed bed (612) is provided with an airflow separation nozzle (62), and all the airflow separation nozzles (62) are connected to; a gas pressure regulating valve is arranged in each gas flow separation nozzle (62) to regulate the pressure entering the gas flow separation nozzle (62) from top to bottom to be gradually reduced; the side wall of the furnace body (61) above the ignition fixed bed (611) is provided with a fuel inlet (67) for feeding the material to be combusted and the fuel into the furnace body (61).
2. The multi-stage, gas-flow classified fixed bed combustion apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the furnace body (61) above the ignition fixed bed (611) is provided with a hot air inlet (68).
3. The multi-stage, gas-flow classified fixed bed combustion apparatus of claim 1, wherein: more than one auxiliary feed inlet (69) is also arranged on the side wall of the furnace body (61) above the ignition fixed bed (611).
4. The multi-stage, gas-flow classified fixed bed combustion apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the side wall of the communicated part of the bottom of the furnace body (61) and the bottom of the flue gas chamber (63) is provided with a compressed air nozzle (613), and the compressed air nozzle (613) is connected with an exhaust port of an air compressor.
5. The multi-stage, gas-flow classified fixed bed combustion apparatus of claim 1, wherein: and a plurality of inspection manholes (66) are formed in the side wall of the furnace body (61).
6. A method for combusting industrial waste in a multi-stage air-flow separation fixed bed combustion device, comprising the steps of:
s1, for solid combustion materials, firstly, the solid combustion materials and fuel are mixed and crushed into particles with the diameter less than 100 mm, then the particles are sent into a furnace body (61) from a fuel inlet (67), preheated air is introduced into the furnace body (61) from a hot air inlet (68), the materials absorb heat in the furnace body in the falling process, large particles start to burn when falling onto an ignition fixed bed (611), in the falling process of the materials, because of airflow passing through airflow separation nozzles, the particle size of the materials is different, large particles continuously fall, small particles are blown to a next-stage airflow separation fixed bed (612), the airflow pressure of each-stage airflow separation fixed bed (612) is gradually reduced from top to bottom, the material particles correspondingly fall onto the corresponding airflow separation fixed bed (612) due to different particle sizes, and the material particles are blown by the airflow, when the material particles are burnt to be small and the weight of the particles is not enough to stay in the airflow separation fixed bed (612) of the stage, the particles are blown by the airflow of the airflow separation nozzle, enter the airflow separation fixed bed (612) of the next stage for continuous combustion, finally become flue gas and enter a flue gas chamber (63), and a large-block incombustible device is periodically blown by high-pressure airflow ejected by a compressed air nozzle (613) and is discharged from an ash residue discharge port (64);
s2, feeding the liquid and fluid industrial waste into the furnace body (61) through the auxiliary feed inlet (69) on the basis of the step S1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010347539.XA CN111536523A (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | Multistage airflow separation fixed bed combustion device and industrial waste combustion method |
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| CN202010347539.XA CN111536523A (en) | 2020-04-28 | 2020-04-28 | Multistage airflow separation fixed bed combustion device and industrial waste combustion method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114812202A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-07-29 | 自贡金龙水泥有限公司 | Feeding preheating bin and cement kiln waste treatment device and treatment method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-04-28 CN CN202010347539.XA patent/CN111536523A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114812202A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-07-29 | 自贡金龙水泥有限公司 | Feeding preheating bin and cement kiln waste treatment device and treatment method thereof |
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