CN111535285A - Bidirectional fish passing ship lock and operation method thereof - Google Patents
Bidirectional fish passing ship lock and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111535285A CN111535285A CN202010417342.9A CN202010417342A CN111535285A CN 111535285 A CN111535285 A CN 111535285A CN 202010417342 A CN202010417342 A CN 202010417342A CN 111535285 A CN111535285 A CN 111535285A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02C—SHIP-LIFTING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS
- E02C1/00—Locks or dry-docks; Shaft locks, i.e. locks of which one front side is formed by a solid wall with an opening in the lower part through which the ships pass
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B1/00—Equipment or apparatus for, or methods of, general hydraulic engineering, e.g. protection of constructions against ice-strains
- E02B1/006—Arresting, diverting or chasing away fish in water-courses or water intake ducts, seas or lakes, e.g. fish barrages, deterrent devices ; Devices for cleaning fish barriers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/08—Fish passes or other means providing for migration of fish; Passages for rafts or boats
- E02B8/085—Devices allowing fish migration, e.g. fish traps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/30—Flood prevention; Flood or storm water management, e.g. using flood barriers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/60—Ecological corridors or buffer zones
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Means For Catching Fish (AREA)
Abstract
A bidirectional fish passing ship lock comprises a ship lock chamber, an upper lock head, a lower lock head, an upstream navigation wall, a downstream navigation wall, an upstream gate, a downstream gate, an upstream water delivery gallery gate, a downstream water delivery gallery and a downstream water delivery gallery gate, fish luring lamps and fish driving lamps arranged in the lock chamber wall, fish luring lamps arranged in the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall, fish luring lamps and fish driving lamps arranged on the upstream gate and the downstream gate, underwater monitoring equipment arranged at the tail ends of the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall, and fish passing counting equipment arranged in the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall. The ship lock and the additional device thereof are utilized to realize bidirectional fish passing, the ship lock and the fishway are combined into a whole, and meanwhile, the function of sluice draining can be realized under the condition that the ship lock does not have ship navigation, so that the investment cost is saved; the ship lock is simple in structure, suitable for building of a newly built ship lock and transformation of a built ship lock, convenient to manage and cheap to popularize and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering and environmental protection engineering, in particular to a bidirectional fish passing ship lock and an operation method thereof.
Background
In order to meet various requirements of flood control, irrigation, power generation and the like, a river blocking building needs to be built on a natural river channel. Although river barrage brings great convenience to people in production and life, other problems are brought along with river barrage. The river-blocking building blocks not only passages for migration and migration of underwater fishes, but also passages for shipping passing ships on water.
Blocking of migration and migration channels of underwater fishes damages an original underwater ecosystem of a river, and reduces the population of underwater migration organisms. With the national emphasis on environmental protection and the enhancement of national environmental protection consciousness, various fish remedial measures are applied to engineering practice, and the measures mainly taken at present are divided into three categories: firstly, artificial propagation releasing is carried out; secondly, building an artificial simulated spawning site in the river channel; and thirdly, building fish passing facilities which mainly comprise fishways, fish gates, fish lifts, fish gathering and transporting ships and the like. Although the existing fish remedial measures have certain effects, the existing fish remedial measures also have respective defects. The two measures of artificial propagation and releasing and artificial simulated spawning ground construction in the river channel have certain effects proved by practice, but the effects are not obvious, and the problem of reduction of the diversity of fish populations in the river basin is caused. The fishway engineering is generally suitable for medium and small water head river-blocking buildings to pass fishes, but the investment cost is higher in the early stage of construction, the operation management cost is higher after the construction, and the design difficulty is higher; the fish gate and the fish elevator are suitable for passing fish in a high-water-head river-blocking building, but the number of electromechanical control equipment is large, the operation management and maintenance cost is high, and the fish passing process is not continuous; the fish collecting ship has the problems of noise, water environment pollution, discontinuous fish dam-crossing process and the like.
Aiming at the problem of blocking an overwater shipping channel, the main measures adopted at present are to construct a navigation building, the navigation building is mainly divided into a ship lock and a ship lift, and the ship lock is most widely applied. In the actual construction of engineering, the ship lock is an essential important component in a river-blocking building, is also a water flow channel for communicating the upstream and downstream of the river-blocking building, has a large communicated water body, allows the upstream and downstream fishes of the river-blocking building to freely pass to a certain extent, and has a certain bidirectional passing potential. At present, the ship lock design only considers the requirement of navigation, and the potential of the ship lock capable of passing the fish is not fully developed. If the ship lock is improved or some fish luring and driving devices are added, fish passing through the ship lock can be realized.
According to the existing research data, the current research on the ship lock fish passing technology and research results are many, but the research is mainly focused on inducing the fishes into the lock chamber and driving the fishes to the upstream of the river blocking building, and the problem that the fishes migrate from the upstream of the river blocking building to the downstream is ignored. The migratory fishes only can flow down along the water potential through the drainage channel due to no special fish passing channel when passing through the river-blocking building. Because the difference between the water levels upstream and downstream of the river-blocking building is large, the huge energy generated during water drainage can damage the fishes and even lead the death of the fishes.
At present, news of fish injury and death caused by flood discharge of river-blocking buildings is commonly reported. Therefore, when the fish facility is built, not only is the fish to be sent from the downstream to the upstream, but also the fish is safely returned from the upstream to the downstream, so that the ecological influence caused by building a river-blocking building can be really reduced, and the aim of harmonious connection between people and nature is fulfilled.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a bidirectional fish passing ship lock and an operation method thereof. On the premise of not influencing the navigation capacity of the ship lock, the conventional ship lock is modified and additionally provided with a fish passing device, so that bidirectional fish passing of the ship lock is realized; the ship lock can assist the river-blocking building to drain water downstream under the condition of no ship navigation, and the function of a water lock is achieved. The invention can be used for building a newly built ship lock and can also be used for reconstructing a built ship lock.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a bidirectional fish passing ship lock comprises a lock chamber, an upper lock head, a lower lock head, an upstream navigation wall, a downstream navigation wall, an upstream gate, a downstream gate, an upstream water delivery gallery gate, a downstream water delivery gallery gate, fish luring lamps and fish driving lamps arranged in the lock chamber wall, fish luring lamps arranged in the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall, fish luring lamps and fish driving lamps arranged on the upstream gate and the downstream gate, underwater monitoring equipment arranged at the tail ends of the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall, and fish passing counting equipment arranged in the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall.
In the technical scheme, the fish luring lamp and the fish driving lamp which are arranged in the lock chamber wall body are respectively connected with the rotating shaft through the hollow connecting rods, the rotating shaft is arranged in a rectangular groove formed in the lock chamber wall body and connected with power equipment, the rotating shaft can drive the fish luring lamp and the fish driving lamp at the other ends of the two hollow connecting rods to rotate by 360 degrees, the electric wire line is arranged in the middle of the hollow connecting rods, and the two hollow connecting rods which are connected with the fish luring lamp and the fish driving lamp form an included angle of 120 degrees.
In the technical scheme, the fish luring lamps arranged in the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall are connected with the rotating shaft through the hollow connecting rod, the rotating shaft is arranged in rectangular grooves formed in the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall, the rotating shaft is connected with power equipment, the rotating shaft can drive the fish luring lamps at the other end of the hollow connecting rod to rotate by 90 degrees, and the wire line is arranged in the middle of the hollow connecting rod.
In the technical scheme, the fish luring lamps and the fish driving lamps which are arranged on the upstream gate and the downstream gate are closely arranged on the gates, and the fish luring lamps and the fish driving lamps are arranged on two sides of the upstream gate and the downstream gate.
In the above technical solution, the fish counting device disposed in the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall includes: an underwater counting probe and a counter; the underwater counting probes are arranged in the wall bodies on the two sides of the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall in a staggered mode and connected with the counters, and the counters are arranged in the brake head control room.
In the above technical solution, the underwater monitoring device disposed at the end of the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall includes: the system comprises an underwater camera probe, a wireless signal transmission device and a computer provided with monitoring equipment software; the underwater camera shooting probe adjusts the shooting angle of the underwater camera shooting probe under the control of the computer, the computer provided with the monitoring equipment software is arranged in the gate head control room, and the shooting result of the underwater camera shooting probe is read through the wireless signal transmission device.
In the technical scheme, the fish luring lamps and the fish driving lamps are symmetrically arranged along the left side and the right side of the central axis of the ship lock, the arrangement distance of the fish luring lamps and the fish driving lamps along the water flow direction is not more than the effective acting distance of the fish luring lamps and the fish driving lamps, and the fish luring lamps and the fish driving lamps can be arranged in a multilayer mode on the vertical height according to the change of the water levels of the upstream and the downstream.
In the technical scheme, the fish luring lamp and the fish driving lamp are selected according to the biological characteristics of the migratory fishes, and different colors, intensities and arrangement forms of different lights can generate different effects on the migratory fishes.
In the above technical solution, the fish luring lamps and the fish driving lamps are arranged in the lock chamber wall, the fish luring lamps are arranged in the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall, the fish luring lamps and the fish driving lamps are arranged on the upstream gate and the downstream gate, the underwater monitoring equipment is arranged at the tail ends of the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall, and electrical equipment such as fish passing counting equipment arranged in the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall is connected to the lock head control room by cables, so that unified dispatching control and operation matching with a ship lock are facilitated.
In the technical scheme, when the ship lock navigates through a ship, the rotating shaft rotates, and the rotating shaft comprises the fish luring lamp and the fish driving lamp which are arranged in the lock chamber wall body, the fish luring lamp arranged in the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall, the fish luring lamp and the fish driving lamp arranged on the upstream gate and the downstream gate, and the fish luring lamp and the fish driving lamp are rotated into the groove of the wall body, so that the navigation of the ship is not influenced, and the ship is prevented from being damaged by collision of passing ships.
In the above technical solution, when the ship lock is a multi-stage ship lock, the arrangement of the lock chamber and the lock bow of the ship lock is unchanged, and the arrangement of the upstream navigation wall of the uppermost ship lock and the arrangement of the downstream navigation wall of the lowermost ship lock are also unchanged.
In the technical scheme, the ship lock can be used for building a new ship lock and can also be used for reconstructing a built ship lock.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the ship lock and the fish way are combined into a whole, so that the problem of water navigation after the river blocking building is built is solved, and the problem of migration of underwater fish schools is solved;
2. the engineering investment cost and the management operation cost for constructing the fishway are saved, the utilization rate of the ship lock is improved, and resources are fully and reasonably utilized;
3. the problem that fishes migrate from the downstream to the upstream is solved, the problem that how to safely convey the fishes from the upstream to the downstream is also solved, the influence on the ecological environment after the river blocking building is built is reduced, and the ecological environment balance of a river basin is ensured;
4. the ship lock and the additional device thereof are utilized to realize bidirectional fish passing, the ship lock and the fishway are combined into a whole, and meanwhile, the function of sluice draining can be realized under the condition that the ship lock does not have ship navigation, so that the investment cost is saved; the ship lock is simple in structure, suitable for building of a newly built ship lock and transformation of a built ship lock, convenient to manage and cheap to popularize and use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a bi-directional fish passing ship lock;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structural arrangement of the fish driving and luring lights disposed in the wall of the chamber;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structural arrangement of the fish luring lights arranged in the upstream and downstream navigation walls;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the position of the fish luring light disposed within the wall of the lock chamber when luring fish;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the fish driving lamp disposed in the chamber wall in a position to drive fish;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the position of the fish driving and attracting lights disposed within the lock chamber wall as they navigate the boat;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the position of the fish attracting lamp arranged in the upstream and downstream navigation walls when attracting fish;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the position of the fish luring lights disposed within the upstream and downstream navigation walls as they navigate through the vessel;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the fish attracting lamps and the fish driving lamps arranged on one side of the upstream or downstream lock gate;
in the figure: 1-upstream navigation wall, 2-upper gate head, 3-upstream gate, 4-gate chamber, 5-gate chamber wall, 6-downstream gate, 7-lower gate head, 8-downstream navigation wall, 9-fish luring lamp, 10-fish driving lamp, 11-underwater monitoring equipment, 12-fish passing counting equipment, 13-rotating shaft, 14-hollow connecting rod, 15-upstream water conveying corridor, 16-upstream water conveying corridor gate, 17-downstream water conveying corridor and 18-downstream water conveying corridor gate.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, a bidirectional fish passing ship lock comprises a lock chamber 4, an upper lock head 2, a lower lock head 7, an upstream navigation wall 1, a downstream navigation wall 8, an upstream gate 3, a downstream gate 6, an upstream water conveyance gallery 15, an upstream water conveyance gallery gate 16, a downstream water conveyance gallery 17, a downstream water conveyance gallery gate 18, fish luring lamps 9 and fish driving lamps 10 arranged in the lock chamber wall 5, fish luring lamps 9 arranged in the upstream navigation wall 1 and the downstream navigation wall 8, fish luring lamps 9 and fish driving lamps 10 arranged on the upstream gate 3 and the downstream gate 6, underwater monitoring equipment 11 arranged at the ends of the upstream navigation wall 1 and the downstream navigation wall 8, and fish passing counting equipment 12 arranged in the upstream navigation wall 1 and the downstream navigation wall 8.
Furthermore, the fish luring lamp 9 and the fish driving lamp 10 which are arranged in the chamber wall 5 are respectively connected with the rotating shaft 13 through the hollow connecting rods 14, the rotating shaft 13 is arranged in a rectangular groove formed in the chamber wall 5, the rotating shaft 13 is connected with power equipment, the rotating shaft 13 rotates to drive the fish luring lamp 9 and the fish driving lamp 10 at the other ends of the two hollow connecting rods 14 to rotate for 360 degrees, a wire line is arranged in the middle of the hollow connecting rods 14, and the hollow connecting rods 14 which are connected with the fish luring lamp 9 and the fish driving lamp 10 are arranged at an included angle of 120 degrees. When the ship lock chamber 4 needs fish luring, the rotating shaft 13 rotates to drive the fish luring lamp 9 to be outside the lock chamber wall 5 and drive the fish driving lamp 10 to be inside the lock chamber wall 5; when the ship lock chamber 4 drives fish, the rotating shaft rotates to drive the fish driving lamp 10 to the outside of the lock chamber wall 5 and drive the fish luring lamp 9 to the inside of the lock chamber wall 5; when the ship lock navigates through the ship, the rotating shaft 13 rotates to enable the fish luring lamp 9 and the fish driving lamp 10 to rotate into the lock chamber wall body 5, and equipment is prevented from being damaged by collision of passing ships.
Furthermore, the fish luring lamps 9 arranged in the upstream navigation wall 1 and the downstream navigation wall 8 are connected with a rotating shaft 13 through hollow connecting rods 14, the rotating shaft 13 is arranged in rectangular grooves cut on the upstream navigation wall 1 and the downstream navigation wall 8, the rotating shaft 13 is connected with power equipment, the rotating shaft 13 can drive the fish luring lamps 9 at the other end of the hollow connecting rods 14 to rotate by 90 degrees, and electric wire lines are arranged in the middle of the hollow connecting rods 14. When attracting fish, the rotating shaft 13 rotates to turn the fish attracting lamp 9 to the outside of the upstream navigation wall 1 or the downstream navigation wall 8; when the ship passes through the navigation device, the rotating shaft 13 rotates to rotate the fish luring lamp 9 into the upstream navigation wall 1 and the downstream navigation wall 8, so that the passing ship is prevented from impacting and damaging the device.
Furthermore, the fish luring lamp 9 and the fish driving lamp 10 which are arranged on the upstream gate 3 and the downstream gate 6 are closely arranged on the gates, the two sides of the upstream gate 3 and the two sides of the downstream gate 6 are respectively arranged, and the arrangement of the fish luring lamp 9 and the fish driving lamp 10 does not influence the normal opening and closing of the gates.
Further, the fish counting device 12 disposed inside the upstream navigation wall 1 and the downstream navigation wall 8 includes: underwater counting probes and counters (not shown); the underwater counting probes are arranged in the side walls of the upstream navigation wall 1 and the downstream navigation wall 8 in a staggered mode and connected with the counters, the arrangement number of the underwater counting probes is required to be arranged according to actual needs, the number of the underwater counting probes is not less than 3 in principle, and the counters are arranged in a brake head control room.
Further, the underwater monitoring device 11 disposed at the end of the upstream navigation wall 1 and the downstream navigation wall 8 includes: the system comprises an underwater camera probe, a wireless signal transmission device and a computer (not shown in the figure) provided with monitoring equipment software; the underwater camera shooting probe can shoot at multiple angles, the shooting angle of the underwater camera shooting probe is adjusted through the computer, the computer provided with the monitoring equipment software is arranged in the brake head control room, and the shooting result of the underwater rotatable camera shooting probe is read through the wireless signal transmission device.
Furthermore, the fish luring lamps 9 and the fish driving lamps 10 are symmetrically arranged along the left side and the right side of the central axis of the ship lock, the arrangement distance between the fish luring lamps 9 and the fish driving lamps 10 along the water flow direction is not more than the effective action distance, and the fish luring lamps 9 and the fish driving lamps 10 can be arranged in a multilayer mode on the vertical height according to the changes of upstream and downstream water levels.
Furthermore, the fish luring lamp 9 and the fish driving lamp 10 are selected according to the biological characteristics of the migratory fishes, and different colors, intensities and arrangement forms of different lights can generate different effects on the migratory fishes. When the fish in a river basin is particularly treated, the relevant characteristics of different fishes in the river basin can be known in time by searching data, and the fish driving lamp 10 and the fish attracting lamp 9 with the best effect are selected by combining basic experimental data of the fishes.
Further, the fishing device comprises a fish luring lamp 9 and a fish driving lamp 10 which are arranged in the lock chamber wall body 5, the fish luring lamp 9 is arranged in the upstream navigation wall 1 and the downstream navigation wall 8, the fish luring lamp 9 and the fish driving lamp 10 are arranged on the upstream gate 3 and the downstream gate 6, an underwater monitoring device 11 is arranged at the tail ends of the upstream navigation wall 1 and the downstream navigation wall 8, and electric devices such as a fish passing counting device 12 and the like arranged in the upstream navigation wall 1 and the downstream navigation wall 8 are connected to the lock head control chamber through cables, so that unified dispatching control and matching with operation of the ship lock are facilitated, the electric devices are all arranged in water for a long time, and waterproof measures need to be taken.
Further, when the ship lock is a multi-stage ship lock, the arrangement of the lock chamber 4, the upper lock bow 2 and the lower lock bow 7 of the ship lock is unchanged, and the arrangement of the upstream navigation wall 1 of the uppermost ship lock and the arrangement of the downstream navigation wall 8 of the lowest ship lock are also unchanged.
The invention relates to a bidirectional fish passing function which comprises the following specific implementation steps:
firstly, the implementation steps of fish from downstream to upstream are as follows:
1. in an initial state, the upstream gate 3 and the downstream gate 6 are both in a closed state, the fish luring lamp 9, the fish driving lamp 10 and the fish passing counting device 2 are all in a closed state, the fish luring lamp 9 and the fish driving lamp 10 are accommodated in a wall body, and the underwater monitoring device 11 is in an open state;
2. the downstream underwater monitoring equipment 11 monitors information of downstream fish activities, then the rotating shaft 13 is started, the fish attracting lamp 9 in the downstream navigation wall 8 is rotated out of the wall body, the fish attracting lamp 9 arranged on the downstream side of the downstream gate 6 and the fish attracting lamp 9 on the downstream navigation wall 8 are opened, the downstream water delivery corridor gate 10 is opened, water is delivered downstream, and the fish are attracted to the front of the downstream gate 6 by utilizing the stress characteristics of the fish to light and water flow;
3. when the downstream fish passing counting equipment 12 monitors that the number of fishes reaches an economic number and the water level in the lock chamber 4 is kept at the same time with the downstream level, the downstream gate 6 is opened, the rotating shaft 13 is started at the same time, the fish luring lamp 9 in the wall body 5 of the lock chamber is rotated out of the wall body, the fish luring lamp 9 on the wall body 5 of the lock chamber and the fish luring lamp 9 on the side of the lock chamber 4 of the upstream gate 3 are opened, and the fishes are lured into the lock chamber 4;
4. closing the downstream gate 6 and the downstream water delivery gallery gate 18, closing the fish luring lamps 9, opening the upstream water delivery gallery gate 16 to deliver water into the chamber 4, simultaneously starting the rotating shaft 13, rotating the fish luring lamps 9 outside the chamber wall 5 into the wall, and rotating the fish driving lamps 9 inside the chamber wall 5 out of the wall;
5. when the water level in the lock chamber 4 is kept to be level with the upstream water level, closing the upstream water delivery gallery gate 16, opening the upstream lock gate 3 of the ship lock, starting the rotating shaft 13, rotating the fish luring lamp 9 in the upstream navigation wall 1 out of the wall body, opening the fish luring lamp 9 on the upstream navigation wall 1, luring the fishes in the lock chamber 4 upstream, simultaneously opening the fish driving lamp 10 in the lock chamber 4 and the fish driving lamp 10 at the side of the lock chamber 4 of the downstream lock gate 6, and driving the fishes in the lock chamber 4 out of the lock chamber 4;
6. closing the upstream gate 3, closing the fish driving lamp 10 in the gate chamber 4, closing the fish luring lamp 9 on the upstream navigation wall 1, opening the fish driving lamp 10 on the upstream side of the upstream gate 3, and driving the fish away from the front of the upstream gate 3;
7. and starting the rotating shaft 13, and rotating all the fish luring lamps 9 and the fish driving lamps 10 which are arranged outside the wall body into the wall body, wherein the fish passing process from the downstream to the upstream is completed.
Secondly, the implementation steps of the fishes from upstream to downstream:
1. in an initial state, the upstream gate 3 and the downstream gate 6 are both in a closed state, the fish luring lamp 9, the fish driving lamp 10 and the fish passing counting device 2 are all in a closed state, the fish luring lamp 9 and the fish driving lamp 10 are accommodated in a wall body, and the underwater monitoring device 11 is in an open state;
2. the upstream underwater monitoring equipment 11 monitors information of upstream fish activities, then the rotating shaft 13 is started, the fish luring lamp 9 in the upstream navigation wall 1 is rotated out of the wall, the fish luring lamp 9 arranged on the upstream side of the upstream gate 3 and the fish luring lamp 9 on the wall of the upstream navigation wall 1 are opened, and the fish are lured to the front of the upstream gate 3;
3. when the upstream fish passing counting equipment 12 monitors that the number of fishes reaches an economic number, the upstream gate 3 is opened, the rotating shaft 13 is started at the same time, the fish luring lamp 9 in the chamber wall 5 is rotated out of the wall, the fish luring lamp 9 on the chamber wall 5 and the fish luring lamp 9 on the chamber 4 side of the downstream gate 6 are opened, and the fishes are lured into the chamber 4;
4. closing the upstream gate 3, closing the fish luring lamps 9, opening the downstream water conveying gallery gate 18, draining water downstream from the chamber 4, starting the rotating shaft 13 at the same time, rotating the fish luring lamps 9 outside the chamber wall 5 into the wall, and rotating the fish driving lamps 9 inside the chamber wall 5 out of the wall;
5. when the water level in the lock chamber 4 and the water level at the downstream reach a reasonable height difference (the reasonable height difference means that the fishes are driven to the downstream by means of the water level difference at the upstream and the downstream, the energy generated by the water level difference cannot damage the fishes, and the water level difference is the reasonable height difference), closing the downstream water delivery gallery gate 18, opening the downstream gate 6 of the ship lock, and flushing the fishes in the lock chamber 4 to the downstream by means of the water potential;
6. starting the rotating shaft 13, rotating the fish luring lamp 9 in the downstream navigation wall 1 out of the wall body, opening the fish luring lamp 9 on the downstream navigation wall 1 to lure fishes to the downstream, simultaneously opening the fish driving lamp 10 in the lock chamber 4 and the fish driving lamp 10 at the side of the lock chamber 4 of the upstream gate 6, and driving the residual fishes in the lock chamber 4 out of the lock chamber 4, so as to ensure the thoroughness of the fishes;
7. closing the downstream gate 6, closing the fish-driving lamp 10 in the gate chamber 4, closing the fish-luring lamp 9 on the downstream navigation wall 1, opening the fish-driving lamp 10 on the downstream side of the downstream gate 6, and driving the fish away from the front of the downstream gate 6;
8. and starting the rotating shaft 13, and rotating all the fish luring lamps 9 and the fish driving lamps 10 which are arranged outside the wall body into the wall body to complete the fish passing process from the upstream to the downstream.
And thirdly, when the ship lock is under the condition that no ship navigates, the ship lock can open the upstream gate and the downstream gate to drain water downstream, and assist the river-blocking building to drain water downstream, so that the function of the water lock is achieved.
And fourthly, when the ship lock is a multi-stage ship lock, the arrangement of the lock chamber and the lock head of the ship lock is unchanged, the arrangement of the upstream navigation wall of the uppermost ship lock and the arrangement of the downstream navigation wall of the lowest ship lock are also unchanged, the upstream gate of the next ship lock is equal to the downstream gate of the previous ship lock, and the steps are repeated.
The invention has been described in considerable detail by way of illustration and example only, and is not to be construed as limited thereto, since various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A bidirectional fish passing ship lock is characterized by comprising a lock chamber, an upper lock head, a lower lock head, an upstream navigation wall, a downstream navigation wall, an upstream gate and a downstream gate; the fish luring and driving device is characterized in that a fish luring lamp and a fish driving lamp are arranged in the lock chamber wall body, the fish luring lamps are arranged in the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall, the fish luring lamps and the fish driving lamp are arranged on two sides of the upstream gate, the fish luring lamps and the fish driving lamps are arranged on two sides of the downstream gate, and underwater monitoring equipment is respectively arranged at the tail ends of the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall.
2. The bidirectional fish passing ship lock as claimed in claim 1, wherein a combination of a fish attracting lamp and a fish driving lamp is provided in the lock chamber wall, a fish attracting lamp and a fish driving lamp are respectively connected to a rotating shaft through hollow connecting rods, the two hollow connecting rods are arranged at an included angle of 120 degrees, the rotating shaft is arranged in a rectangular groove formed in the lock chamber wall and connected with power equipment, and the rotating shaft is rotated to enable the fish attracting lamp to rotate out of the lock chamber wall or the fish driving lamp to rotate out of the lock chamber wall or the fish attracting lamp and the fish driving lamp to rotate into the rectangular groove of the lock chamber wall simultaneously.
3. The bi-directional fish passing ship lock according to claim 1, wherein the fish attracting lamp is connected to a rotary shaft through a hollow connecting rod in the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall, the rotary shaft is arranged in a rectangular groove cut in the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall and is connected to a power device, and the rotary shaft is rotated to enable the fish attracting lamp to rotate out of the rectangular groove of the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall or rotate into the rectangular groove of the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall.
4. A bi-directional fish passing ship lock according to claim 1, wherein fish passing counting devices are arranged in the upstream navigation wall and the downstream navigation wall.
5. The bi-directional fish passing ship lock of claim 1, wherein the fish luring lamps and the fish driving lamps are symmetrically arranged along the left side and the right side of the central axis of the ship lock, the arrangement distance between the fish luring lamps and the fish driving lamps along the water flow direction is not more than the effective action distance, and the fish luring lamps and the fish driving lamps are arranged in a plurality of layers on the vertical height according to the changes of the water levels of upstream and downstream.
6. A running method of a bidirectional fish passing ship lock is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. fish from downstream to upstream:
1) the downstream underwater monitoring equipment monitors the information of downstream fish activities, then a rotating shaft at the downstream navigation wall is started, the fish attracting lamp in the downstream navigation wall is rotated out of the wall body, the fish attracting lamp arranged at the downstream side of the downstream gate and the fish attracting lamp on the downstream navigation wall are opened, the downstream water delivery corridor gate is opened, water is delivered downstream, and the fish are attracted to the front of the downstream gate by utilizing the stress characteristics of the fish to light and water flow;
2) when the downstream fish passing counting equipment monitors that the number of fishes reaches an economic number, and the water level in the lock chamber is kept with the downstream water level, the downstream gate is opened, the rotating shaft at the wall of the lock chamber is started, the fish luring lamp in the wall of the lock chamber is rotated out of the wall, the fish luring lamp on the wall of the lock chamber and the fish luring lamp on the lock chamber side of the upstream lock chamber are opened, and the fishes are lured into the lock chamber;
3) closing the downstream gate and the downstream water conveying gallery gate, closing the fish luring lamp, opening the upstream water conveying gallery gate to convey water into the chamber, starting the rotating shaft at the wall of the chamber, rotating the fish luring lamp outside the wall of the chamber into the wall, and rotating the fish driving lamp inside the wall of the chamber out of the wall;
4) when the water level in the lock chamber is kept to be level with the upstream water level, closing the gate of the upstream water delivery gallery, opening the upstream gate of the ship lock, starting the rotating shaft, rotating the fish luring lamp in the upstream navigation wall 1 out of the wall body, opening the fish luring lamp on the upstream navigation wall, luring the fishes in the lock chamber upstream, and simultaneously opening the fish driving lamp in the lock chamber 4 and the fish driving lamp at the lock chamber side of the downstream gate to drive the fishes in the lock chamber out of the lock chamber;
5) closing the upstream gate, closing the fish driving lamp in the gate chamber, closing the fish luring lamp on the upstream navigation wall, opening the fish driving lamp on the upstream side of the upstream gate, and driving the fishes away from the front of the upstream gate;
6) starting the rotating shaft, and rotating all the fish luring lamps and the fish driving lamps which are arranged outside the wall body into the wall body, wherein the fish passing process from the downstream to the upstream is completed;
B. fish from upstream to downstream:
1) monitoring information of upstream fish activities by upstream underwater monitoring equipment, then starting a rotating shaft, rotating a fish attracting lamp in an upstream navigation wall out of the wall, opening the fish attracting lamp arranged on the upstream side of an upstream gate and the fish attracting lamp on the wall of the upstream navigation wall, and attracting fish to the front of the upstream gate;
2) when the upstream fish passing counting equipment monitors that the number of fishes reaches an economic number, an upstream gate is opened, a rotating shaft is started at the same time, a fish attracting lamp in the wall body of the lock chamber is rotated out of the wall body, the fish attracting lamp on the wall body of the lock chamber and a fish attracting lamp on the lock chamber side of a downstream gate are opened, and the fishes are attracted into the lock chamber;
3) closing the upstream gate, closing the fish luring lamp, opening the downstream water conveying gallery gate, draining water from the chamber to the downstream, starting the rotating shaft at the same time, rotating the fish luring lamp outside the wall body of the chamber into the wall body, and rotating the fish driving lamp inside the wall body of the chamber out of the wall body;
4) when the water level in the lock chamber and the downstream water level reach a reasonable height difference, closing the downstream water conveying gallery gate, opening the downstream gate of the ship lock, and flushing the fishes in the lock chamber to the downstream by virtue of water potential;
5) starting the rotating shaft, rotating the fish luring lamp in the downstream navigation wall out of the wall body, turning on the fish luring lamp on the downstream navigation wall, luring fishes to the downstream, simultaneously turning on the fish driving lamp in the lock chamber and the fish driving lamp on the upstream lock gate chamber side, driving the residual fishes in the lock chamber out of the lock chamber, and ensuring the thoroughness of the fishes;
6) closing the downstream gate, closing the fish driving lamp in the gate chamber, closing the fish luring lamp on the downstream navigation wall, opening the fish driving lamp on the downstream side of the downstream gate, and driving the fishes away from the front of the downstream gate;
7) starting the rotating shaft, rotating all the fish luring lamps and the fish driving lamps which are arranged outside the wall body into the wall body, and completing the fish passing process from the upstream to the downstream.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010417342.9A CN111535285A (en) | 2020-05-18 | 2020-05-18 | Bidirectional fish passing ship lock and operation method thereof |
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| CN202010417342.9A CN111535285A (en) | 2020-05-18 | 2020-05-18 | Bidirectional fish passing ship lock and operation method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114855690A (en) * | 2022-05-10 | 2022-08-05 | 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 | System and method for step ship lock to pass fish by using bubble curtain |
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