CN111534660B - Method for improving manganese element in molten steel at converter end point - Google Patents
Method for improving manganese element in molten steel at converter end point Download PDFInfo
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- CN111534660B CN111534660B CN202010444052.3A CN202010444052A CN111534660B CN 111534660 B CN111534660 B CN 111534660B CN 202010444052 A CN202010444052 A CN 202010444052A CN 111534660 B CN111534660 B CN 111534660B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/36—Processes yielding slags of special composition
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the recovery rate of manganese element in molten steel at the end point of a converter, belonging to the technical field of steel-making by ferrous metallurgy. The method comprises the following steps: 1) before smelting, determining the oxidation end time of silicon and manganese at the earlier stage of smelting according to the content of silicon and manganese in molten iron fed into a converter; 2) the first lime of the converter is added according to the slag alkalinity of 2.0, the adding amount of the first dolomite is 4/5 of the total adding amount of the dolomite, 1/2 of the remaining lime amount is added when the silicon and manganese are smelted to 3/4 of the oxidation end time, the oxygen flow is reduced by 5-8%, and the lance position is reduced by 50-200 mm; 3) after the oxidation period of silicon and manganese is finished, the oxygen flow and the gun position are recovered to be normally controlled, and the residual lime and all sintering ores are added; 4) adding the rest dolomite 1 minute before the smelting is finished, and reducing the lance position by 150-400 mm; 5) and stopping supplying oxygen when the smelting end point is reached. The invention can improve the oxidizing atmosphere and slag components in the converter, improve the manganese element at the end point of the converter and reduce the alloy cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for improving manganese element in molten steel at the end point of a converter, belonging to the technical field of steel-making by ferrous metallurgy.
Background
Manganese is one of indispensable elements in steel production, is the most important alloy element in steel making, and is mainly used for improving the mechanical properties of steel, increasing the strength, hardness, ductility, wear resistance and the like of the steel. The converter smelting forms furnace slag with certain oxidizing capacity by supplying oxygen and adding a large amount of oxygen-containing materials, so that harmful elements such as carbon, phosphorus and the like in molten iron are removed, and beneficial elements such as manganese and the like in the molten iron are also oxidized in a large amount, so that a large amount of manganese element is lost, and the smelting cost is greatly reduced. Effectively utilizes manganese in the molten iron, reduces the oxidation loss of the manganese in the converter smelting process, reduces the alloy consumption in the converter steelmaking process, reduces the smelting cost, and protects less manganese ore resources in China.
In the statement "discussion of improving the effect of residual manganese at the end point of a converter" published in "Chinese metallurgy" of 3 rd stage 2015, a method for improving the content of residual manganese in molten steel by adding a manganese-containing slag charge into the converter when the converter starts blowing is mentioned. Chinese patent document CN10282-8098A (CN201210357689.4) provides a method for increasing the end point manganese content of molten steel by adding manganese ore outside a converter, the tapping temperature of the converter is executed according to the middle and upper limits of steel grades, manganese ore and a small amount of reducing agent are added, and the end point carbon content and slag thickness are controlled; and stirring and treating the slag in the LF furnace by adopting strong argon, supplementing aluminum particles and calcium carbide to produce reducing slag according to the slag jacking condition, and reducing manganese oxide in the slag into metal manganese to realize manganese alloying. Although the method can improve the content of residual manganese in the molten steel, the added manganese-containing slag charge is more expensive than the common slag forming charge from the cost perspective, and the steel-making cost is increased.
Chinese patent document CN 105543440A (201511009302.6) discloses a method for smelting high manganese molten iron by a decarbonization manganese-maintaining converter, which comprises four steps: a molten iron scrap proportion, B initial silicon equivalent control, C slag alkalinity control, D free manganese oxide MnO reduction and end point reduction of manganese metal in the free manganese oxide MnO specifically comprise: A. adding molten iron and scrap steel into an LD converter, and adjusting the charging proportion of the converter scrap steel to be less than or equal to 15% according to the temperature of the molten iron; B. b, loading the raw materials in the step A into a converter, adding slagging raw materials for slagging after the converter is successfully ignited by oxygen supply, controlling heat balance, and rapidly heating molten iron to 1454 ℃ or above before the converter is subjected to oxygen supply for 3.9-4.5 minutes until the converter temperature is less than or equal to 0.7 equivalent of silicon, wherein the equivalent of silicon is [% Si ] +0.25 [% Mn ]; C. continuously supplying oxygen to the molten iron obtained in the step B, adding a slagging raw material for slagging, and controlling the alkalinity to be 3.52-4.0 when pure oxygen is supplied to the converter for 13.8-14.4 minutes; D. and D, continuously supplying oxygen to the molten iron obtained in the step C, supplying pure oxygen for 14.5-15.1 minutes until the oxygen supply is finished, reducing the oxygen lance to blow by 200-230 mm, improving the oxygen lance to blow by 500-530 mm, controlling the FeO content in the slag to be 8-15%, controlling the carbon content in the slag to be more than or equal to 0.07%, improving the end temperature to be 1679-1695 ℃, and promoting free manganese oxide MnO in the slag to be reduced into molten steel. The method ensures that the content of residual manganese in molten steel at the smelting end point is improved to 1.42 percent from 0.27 percent on average in the process of smelting the high-manganese molten iron by the converter, so that the manganese element in the high-manganese molten iron is fully recycled.
However, the method aims at smelting high manganese molten iron, and achieves the purpose of improving the recovery rate of manganese elements by controlling the temperature in the smelting process. In the step A, the reaction amount of carbon and oxygen in the furnace is accelerated by improving the temperature in the furnace in the early stage of smelting so as to reduce the oxidation of manganese in the early stage of smelting, and the control method can influence the early-stage dephosphorization effect due to the fact that the temperature in the furnace rises too fast, and can also cause the problems of converter splashing and the like due to the fact that the carbon and oxygen in the furnace react violently due to the fact that the temperature rises too fast. And step C, the reduction amount of the manganese element is increased mainly by controlling the oxidability of the converter end-point slag, increasing the temperature and the like. The method for increasing the temperature can lead to the increase of the rephosphorization amount of the molten steel at the end point of the converter and influence the dephosphorization effect, can aggravate the erosion of the converter body of the converter due to high end point temperature of the converter, influence the safe operation of the converter body and increase the maintenance cost of the converter body, and can lead to the increase of the oxygen content in the molten steel due to high end point temperature, increase the content of impurities in the molten steel, reduce the alloy recovery rate in the tapping process, and have great influence on the reduction of the smelting cost and the improvement of the quality of the molten steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the manganese element in the molten steel at the end point of a converter, which improves the oxygen supply and slagging process in the smelting process of the converter, improves the oxidizing atmosphere and slag components in the converter, reduces the oxidation amount of the manganese element in the smelting process, increases the reduction amount of the manganese element at the end point of the converter, improves the manganese element in the molten steel at the end point of the converter, and reduces the alloy cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for improving manganese element in molten steel at the end point of a converter comprises the following steps:
1) before smelting, determining the oxidation end time of silicon and manganese in the early smelting stage according to the content of silicon and manganese in molten iron entering the furnace.
2) The first lime of the converter is added according to the slag alkalinity of 2.0, the adding amount of the first dolomite is 75-85% of the total adding amount of the dolomite, 45-55% of the remaining lime is added when the silicon and manganese are smelted to 3/4 of the oxidation end time of the silicon and the manganese, the oxygen flow is reduced by 5% -8%, and the lance position is reduced by 50-200 mm.
3) And after the oxidation period of silicon and manganese is finished, the oxygen flow and the gun position are recovered to be normally controlled, and the residual lime and all the sinter ore are added.
4) And adding the rest dolomite 1 minute before the smelting is finished, and reducing the lance position by 150-400 mm.
5) And stopping supplying oxygen when the smelting end point is reached.
Preferably, in the step 1), the end time of the oxidation period of silicon and manganese is determined as follows: the carbon oxidation amount in the early smelting stage is determined according to a carbon oxidation curve in the early smelting stage of the converter, the silicon oxidation amount is calculated according to the total oxidation, the manganese oxidation amount is calculated according to 50% of the manganese content, and the oxygen supply amount is calculated according to the actual oxygen supply amount.
Preferably, in the step 2), the first dolomite is added in an amount of 4/5 of the total added dolomite; 1/2 of the residual lime amount is added when the smelting is carried out to 3/4 of the oxidation end time of silicon and manganese.
Preferably, in the step 2), the slag alkalinity calculation does not consider the influence of the slag remaining amount, and the total amount of dolomite is added according to 1/3 of the total amount of lime. The total amount of lime is the silicon content in molten iron 2.14R iron water/the effective calcium oxide content in lime.
Preferably, in the step 2), the lance position of the converter with medium and small tonnage is reduced by 50-150 mm, and the oxygen flow is reduced by 5-7%; the oxygen flow of the large-tonnage converter is reduced by 8 percent, and the lance position is reduced by 150-200 mm.
Preferably, in the step 2), the medium-and-small-tonnage converter refers to a converter with a capacity of 50-200 tons; large tonnage means a converter with a capacity greater than 200 tons.
More preferably, in the step 2), the capacity of the converter is 100 tons, the lance position is reduced by 80mm, and the oxygen flow is reduced by 6%.
Preferably, in the step 3), the normally controlled oxygen flow is 10000-40000 m3The gun position is 1200-2000 mm.
Preferably, in the step 3), the residual lime and all the sintered ores are mixed and then added into the furnace in 3-6 batches. The total adding amount of the sinter is obtained by calculating according to the heat balance in the furnace.
Preferably, in the step 4), the terminal lance position of the medium-and-small-tonnage converter is reduced by 150-300 mm, and the terminal lance position of the large-tonnage converter is reduced by 300-400 mm.
More preferably, in the step 4), the capacity is 100 tons of the converter, and the terminal lance position is reduced by 230 mm.
In the technical scheme and the embodiment of the invention, other parts which are not marked with adjustment parameters are controlled according to conventional control parameters.
The invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1) the invention improves the oxidizing atmosphere and slag components in the converter, reduces the oxidation amount of manganese element in the smelting process, increases the reduction amount of the manganese element at the end point of the converter, improves the manganese element in the molten steel at the end point of the converter and reduces the alloy cost by optimizing the oxygen supply and slagging system in the converter smelting process.
2) According to the invention, the reduction amount of the manganese element in the later period of the converter is improved by adding part of dolomite at the smelting end point, changing the slag system components of the slag and realizing the method for diffusing the manganese element from the slag to the molten steel. The MgO content and the alkalinity of the final slag can be improved by 0.5-1.5 percent and 0.1-0.4 percent, the slag splashing time is shortened by 5-10 percent, the slag splashing effect is improved, the corrosion of slag to a furnace lining can be slowed down, the maintenance of a furnace body is facilitated, and the maintenance cost of the furnace body and the nitrogen cost are reduced.
3) The method reduces the oxidation of manganese element by optimizing the oxidability and alkalinity of the slag at the stage, and is beneficial to improving the early-stage dephosphorization efficiency and inhibiting the early-stage splashing.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples and comparative examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1100 ton oxygen top-bottom combined blown converter end-point control
A method for increasing manganese element in molten steel at the end point of a converter comprises the following steps:
1) the content of silicon in the molten iron charged into the converter is 0.50 percent, the content of manganese is 0.20 percent, and the oxygen supply intensity is 3.0m3The method comprises the following steps of (1) min, before smelting, calculating the end time of the oxidation period of silicon and manganese to be 3 minutes and 6 seconds according to the content of silicon and manganese in molten iron entering a furnace; and according to slag alkalinity 2.8 and lime effective calcium oxide 80%, calculating lime addition amount to be 2.14 × 2.8 × 0.50% 100/80% and 1000 to be 3745kg, and calculating sintering ore addition amount to be 24kg/t steel according to heat balance.
2) 2675kg of lime is added into the first batch of the converter, 1000kg of dolomite is added into the first batch of the converter, and the oxygen flow rate is 18000m3The position of a gun is 1500 mm; smelting till 2 minutes and 19 seconds, adding 535kg of lime, wherein the oxygen flow is from 18000m3Reduction of h to16920m3The lance position was lowered to 1420 mm.
3) After 3 minutes and 6 seconds, the oxygen flow is adjusted to 18000m3The position of the gun is restored to 1500mm, and 535kg of lime and 2400kg of sinter are added in 3 batches.
4) When the smelting time is 14 minutes, 250kg of dolomite is added, and the lance position is reduced to 1270 mm.
5) Oxygen supply was stopped for 15 minutes, and the molten steel was sampled and analyzed for its components. The manganese content of the end-point molten steel is 0.118%, and the recovery rate of manganese is 59%.
The MgO content of the final slag is 8.1 percent, the alkalinity is 2.82, the slag splashing time is 2 minutes and 15 seconds, the early dephosphorization efficiency is 86 percent, and the furnace body maintenance cost is reduced by 1 yuan/t steel.
Example 2250 ton oxygen top-bottom reblowing converter end-point control
A method for increasing manganese element in molten steel at the end point of a converter comprises the following steps:
1) the content of silicon in the molten iron charged into the converter is 0.50 percent, the content of manganese is 0.20 percent, and the oxygen supply intensity is 2.5m3The method comprises the following steps of (1) min,/t.min, calculating the end time of the oxidation period of silicon and manganese to be 3 minutes and 44 seconds according to the content of silicon and manganese in molten iron fed into a furnace before smelting; and according to the slag alkalinity of 2.8 and the effective calcium oxide of lime of 80 percent, calculating the addition of lime and calculating the addition of sinter according to the heat balance.
2) 6687kg lime is added into the first part of the converter, 2500kg dolomite is added into the first part of the converter, and the oxygen flow is 37500m3The gun position is 1800 mm; smelting till 2 minutes and 47 seconds, adding 1337kg of lime and controlling the oxygen flow from 37500m3The/h is reduced to 34500m3The position of the gun is lowered to 1600 mm.
3) After 3 minutes and 44 seconds, the oxygen flow is adjusted to 37500m3The position of the gun is restored to 1800mm at a time of/h, and lime 1337kg and 6000kg of sinter are added in 6 batches.
4) 625kg of dolomite is added when the smelting is carried out until 17 minutes, and the lance position is reduced to 1400 mm.
5) Oxygen supply was stopped for 18 minutes, and the molten steel was sampled and analyzed for its components. The content of manganese in the end-point molten steel is 0.12 percent, and the recovery rate of manganese is 60 percent.
In the embodiment, the MgO content of the final slag is 8.1%, the alkalinity is 2.82, the slag splashing time is 2 minutes and 15 seconds, the early dephosphorization efficiency is 86%, and the furnace body maintenance cost is reduced by 1 yuan/t steel.
EXAMPLE 3100 ton oxygen top-bottom reblowing converter end-point control
A method for increasing manganese element in molten steel at the end point of a converter comprises the following steps:
1) the content of silicon in the molten iron charged into the converter is 0.50 percent, the content of manganese is 0.20 percent, and the oxygen supply intensity is 3.0m3The method comprises the following steps of (1) min, before smelting, calculating the end time of the oxidation period of silicon and manganese to be 3 minutes and 6 seconds according to the content of silicon and manganese in molten iron entering a furnace; and according to the slag alkalinity of 2.8 and the effective calcium oxide of lime of 80 percent, calculating the addition of lime and calculating the addition of sinter according to the heat balance.
2) 2675kg of lime is added into the first batch of the converter, 1000kg of dolomite is added into the first batch of the converter, and the oxygen flow rate is 18000m3The position of a gun is 1500 mm; smelting till 2 minutes and 19 seconds, adding 535kg of lime, wherein the oxygen flow is from 18000m3The volume/h is reduced to 17100m3The position of the gun is reduced to 1400 mm.
3) After 3 minutes and 6 seconds, the oxygen flow is adjusted to 18000m3The position of the gun is restored to 1500mm, and 535kg of lime and 2400kg of sinter are added in 4 batches.
4) When the smelting time is 14 minutes, 250kg of dolomite is added, and the lance position is reduced to 1300 mm.
5) Oxygen supply was stopped for 15 minutes, and the molten steel was sampled and analyzed for its components. The manganese content of the end-point molten steel is 0.115%, and the recovery rate of manganese is 57.5%.
The MgO content of the final slag is 8.05 percent, the alkalinity is 2.81, the slag splashing time is 2 minutes and 12 seconds, the early dephosphorization efficiency is 86 percent, and the maintenance cost of the furnace body is reduced by 0.8 yuan/t steel.
Comparative example 1100 ton oxygen top-bottom combined blown converter end-point control
1) The content of silicon in the molten iron charged into the converter is 0.50 percent, the content of manganese is 0.20 percent, and the oxygen supply intensity is 3.0m3/t.min。
2) 3210kg of lime is added into a converter, 1250kg of dolomite is added into the converter, the lance position is 1500mm, 535kg of lime and 2400kg of sinter are added into the converter in batches after smelting for 4 minutes, 20 seconds and 6 minutes, and the oxygen flow rate is 18000m in the smelting process3The position of the gun is 1500 mm.
4) And after smelting for 14 minutes and 30 seconds, lowering the lance position to 1400 mm.
5) Oxygen supply was stopped for 15 minutes, and the molten steel was sampled and analyzed for its components. The manganese content of the end-point molten steel is 0.092%, and the recovery rate of manganese is 46%.
The MgO content of the final slag is 8.0 percent, the alkalinity is 2.80, the slag splashing time is 2 minutes and 30 seconds, and the early-stage dephosphorization efficiency is 80 percent.
The results of comparing the materials, costs and converter end points of examples 1-3 with those of comparative example 1 are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 composition comparison of molten steel at converter end
In examples 1, 2 and 3, compared with comparative example 1, the nitrogen dosage is reduced by 150m, 375 m and 150m respectively3A furnace.
After the method is implemented, because the oxidation amount of manganese element is reduced in the early stage of converter smelting, the reduction amount of manganese element is increased in the later stage, the manganese content in molten steel at the end point of the converter is increased, the addition amount of alloy containing manganese element is reduced in the tapping process of the converter, the alloy cost is reduced, the cost is reduced by referring to the manganese content improvement value of molten steel in the converter end point molten steel composition comparison table 1, and the alloy cost reduction value is (0.118% -0.092%)/65%/92%/7000/100) to 3.04 yuan/t steel according to the measurement of the price of silicon-manganese alloy of 7000 yuan, the manganese content of silicon-manganese alloy of 65% and the manganese element recovery rate of 92% (the manganese element recovery rate in silicon-manganese alloy during converter tapping). The slag splashing time of the converter is reduced by 10 percent, and the nitrogen consumption is reduced by 1.5m3The cost of nitrogen is reduced by 0.27 yuan/t steel when measured according to the price of nitrogen of 0.18 yuan/t steel. Data published by the national statistical bureau before show that the profit of ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry in the last 3 months is 207.5 million yuan, the profit in the last 3 months is 50.1 million yuan, which is 76% less than the current date in the last year, and the national crude steel yield in the present 3 months is 7898 million tons, according to the calculation, the profit of the crude steel in the 3 months is 63.4 yuan, which is further reduced than 83.3 yuan/ton in the first two months. The method provided by the invention obviously reduces the cost, improves the profit of the steel per ton (crude) by more than 5%, and obviously improves the enterprise benefit.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for improving manganese element in molten steel at the end point of a converter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) before smelting, determining the oxidation end time of silicon and manganese at the earlier stage of smelting according to the content of silicon and manganese in molten iron fed into a converter;
2) the adding amount of the first lime batch of the converter is calculated according to the slag alkalinity of 2.0, the adding amount of the first dolomite is 4/5 of the total adding amount of the dolomite, 45-55% of the remaining lime is added when the silicon and manganese are smelted to 3/4 of the oxidation end time of the silicon and manganese, the oxygen flow is reduced by 5% -8%, and the gun position is reduced by 50-200 mm; the total amount of dolomite is added according to 1/3 of the total amount of lime;
3) after the silicon-manganese oxidation period is finished, the oxygen flow and the gun position are recovered to be normally controlled, and the residual lime and all sintering ores are added; the normally controlled oxygen flow is 10000-40000 m3The gun position is 1200-2000 mm;
4) adding the rest dolomite 1 minute before the smelting is finished, and reducing the lance position by 150-400 mm;
5) and stopping supplying oxygen when the smelting end point is reached.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein 1/2 of the amount of remaining lime is added at 3/4 of the end time of the oxidation of silicon and manganese in the step 2).
3. The method as claimed in claim 1), wherein in the step 1), when the end time of the oxidation period of silicon and manganese is calculated, the carbon oxidation amount in the early smelting stage is determined according to a carbon oxidation curve in the early smelting stage of the converter, the silicon oxidation amount is calculated according to the total oxidation, the manganese oxidation amount is calculated according to 50%, and the oxygen supply amount is calculated according to the actual oxygen supply amount.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the lance position of the medium-and small-tonnage converter is reduced by 50-150 mm, the oxygen flow is reduced by 5-7%, the lance position of the large-tonnage converter is reduced by 150-200 mm, and the oxygen flow is reduced by 8%.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the medium-and-small-tonnage converter refers to a converter with a capacity of 50-200 tons; large tonnage means a converter with a capacity greater than 200 tons.
6. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the capacity is 100 tons of converter, the lance position is reduced by 80mm and the oxygen flow is reduced by 6%.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the residual lime and the sinter are mixed together and then added in 3-6 batches.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the terminal lance position of the medium-and-small-tonnage converter is reduced by 150-300 mm, and the terminal lance position of the large-tonnage converter is reduced by 300-400 mm.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the capacity is 100 tons, and the terminal lance position is reduced by 230 mm.
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