CN111534653A - Blast furnace granulated slag treatment method - Google Patents
Blast furnace granulated slag treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111534653A CN111534653A CN202010418190.4A CN202010418190A CN111534653A CN 111534653 A CN111534653 A CN 111534653A CN 202010418190 A CN202010418190 A CN 202010418190A CN 111534653 A CN111534653 A CN 111534653A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B3/00—General features in the manufacture of pig-iron
- C21B3/04—Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag
- C21B3/06—Treatment of liquid slag
- C21B3/08—Cooling slag
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2400/00—Treatment of slags originating from iron or steel processes
- C21B2400/02—Physical or chemical treatment of slags
- C21B2400/022—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag
- C21B2400/024—Methods of cooling or quenching molten slag with the direct use of steam or liquid coolants, e.g. water
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
A blast furnace granulated slag treatment method belongs to the technical field of blast furnace stokehold. According to the blast furnace granulated slag processing method, the discharge speed of the slag flushing water and the slag is controlled according to the structural characteristics of the blast furnace granulated slag system, so that the slag flushing water is positioned below the slag and moves downwards in an inclined mode, and the upward impact effect of the slag flushing water can be avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of blast furnace stokehold, in particular to a blast furnace granulated slag treatment method.
Background
At present, the treatment process of slag produced by blast furnace smelting-blast furnace slag mainly comprises a water quenching method and a dry slag method. Except for the process of discharging dry slag adopted in few special cases, the water slag flushing process is adopted in other processes to realize water quenching of the slag. And then, the technological process of granulating slag is finished by relevant slag treatment equipment, a conveying belt and the like.
In the existing blast furnace granulated slag process flow, slag flows into a slag sluiceway through a slag runner, and high-temperature and high-pressure slag sluiceway water is circularly conveyed to the slag sluiceway through a pipeline. At the front end of the slag flushing channel, slag flushing water is in contact with and mixed with slag, so that the aim of water quenching the slag is fulfilled. However, in the actual operation process of the existing granulated slag treatment process, the phenomena of slag overflow and slag splashing of a slag runner of a blast furnace in the slag discharging process are easily caused, and many safety accidents are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the application provides a blast furnace granulated slag treatment method.
The application is realized as follows:
in a first aspect, examples of the present application provide a blast furnace slag treatment method applied to a blast furnace slag treatment system to improve water quenching effects of slag flushing water and slag.
The blast furnace granulated slag treatment system comprises a lower slag runner, a water feeder and a slag flushing runner, wherein the lower slag runner, the water feeder and the slag flushing runner are gradually reduced in height and spaced in the vertical direction and extend in the fluid conveying direction. The blast furnace slag treatment system defines a fluid conveying direction. Wherein the slag discharging groove is provided with a slag discharging opening used for conveying slag discharged by the blast furnace. The water feeder is provided with a water outlet for conveying slag flushing water for water quenching with slag discharged from the slag discharging groove, and the water outlet is provided with a highest water outlet plane and a lowest water outlet plane which are distributed in the vertical direction. Wherein, the slag flushing channel is used for receiving slag flushing water and slag after water quenching. The slag discharging ditch, the water feeder and the slag flushing ditch are arranged along the fluid conveying direction; a preset distance is reserved between the water outlet and the slag discharging port along the fluid conveying direction, the water outlet is located on the upstream of the fluid conveying direction, and the slag discharging port is located on the downstream of the fluid conveying direction.
The processing method comprises the following steps: and discharging the slag from the slag discharging port at a first discharge speed, and simultaneously discharging the slag flushing water from the water outlet at a second discharge speed. Wherein when the slag is discharged at a first discharge speed, the maximum vertical height at which the slag is discharged from the slag tap at a first maximum horizontal displacement is located at the lowest level; when the slag flushing water is discharged at a second discharge speed, the sum of a second maximum horizontal displacement of the slag flushing water discharged from the water outlet and the preset distance is equal to the first maximum horizontal displacement, and meanwhile, the slag flushing water is in contact with the slag, and the projection of the contact position in the vertical direction is located in the slag flushing ditch.
The blast furnace granulated slag treatment method in the application example can be applied to a blast furnace granulated slag treatment system, and treatment process parameters are correspondingly controlled by combining the structural characteristics of the system, so that water quenching is realized. Meanwhile, the process can also avoid the phenomena of slag overflow and slag splashing of the slag sluiceway.
Specifically, according to the blast furnace granulated slag treatment system, the falling points of the slag and the slag flushing water are selectively controlled, and the slag flushing water are contacted at the optimal positions for water quenching. That is, the slag flushing water is under the slag when the two are in contact, and both are at the maximum horizontal displacement stage at the same time. Therefore, at this time, the flushing water and the slag lose the power of the horizontal movement and are in a downward movement stage. Therefore, in the stage, the slag flushing water is obliquely discharged downwards, and the horizontal extrusion and impact on the slag are avoided, so that the problems of roof fall and splashing caused by the fact that the slag is arched up can be avoided.
With reference to the first aspect, in a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present application, when the slag flushing water is discharged at the second discharge speed and contacts slag, a minimum vertical height of the slag flushing water after being discharged from the water outlet is greater than or equal to a vertical distance between the lowest water outlet level and the slag runner. The vertical height is based on the slag runner, for example, the height of the water feeder is the straight distance between the slag runner and the water feeder in the vertical direction.
By combining the mode to control the second discharge speed of the slag flushing water, the slag flushing water enters the slag flushing ditch in an approximate free falling form after the tail end of the horizontal projectile motion through the control while the water quenching effect is ensured, so that the overlarge impact effect on the slag flushing ditch can be avoided, and the service life of the slag flushing ditch is prolonged.
With reference to the first aspect or the first embodiment of the first aspect, in a second possible implementation of the first aspect of the present application, the ratio of the weight of the flushing water to the weight of the slag is 8 to 10.
Discharging the slag and the slag flushing water at the above flow ratio can ensure a more ideal energy consumption ratio. Namely, if the flow ratio is too small, the water quenching effect is poor; and if the flow is too large, water resources are wasted, and the electric energy consumption of the slag pump motor is increased.
With reference to the first aspect, in a third possible embodiment of the first aspect of the present application, the flow rate of the slag is controlled by the temperature of the slag.
With reference to the first aspect or the first or third embodiment of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation of the first aspect of the present application, the flow rate of the slag flushing water is controlled by the conveying pressure of the slag flushing water.
The discharge speed of the slag and the slag flushing water is controlled through the conditions, so that the transformation of a blast furnace slag system can be avoided, and the process implementation difficulty is reduced.
With reference to the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present application, the water delivery device includes a water delivery pipe and a water drainage box, the water drainage box is connected to the end of the water delivery pipe, and the water outlet is disposed in the water drainage box and includes a plurality of water diversion holes.
The water drainage tank can disperse the water columns of the slag flushing water, so that the outlet pressure is improved, and the outlet speed is further improved.
With reference to the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present application, the slag sluiceway is formed by extending from the fluid inlet end to the fluid outlet end, the slag sluiceway is arranged obliquely, and in a vertical direction, the height of the fluid inlet end is greater than the height of the fluid outlet end.
The slag flushing groove is arranged in an inclined shape, thereby being beneficial to the discharge of slag water and preventing the backflow of water slag.
With reference to the sixth implementation manner of the first aspect, in a seventh possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present application, the inclination angle of the slag runner is 8 degrees to 15 degrees with respect to a horizontal plane.
With reference to the first aspect or the fifth to seventh embodiments of the first aspect, in an eighth possible implementation of the first aspect of the present application, the cross sections of the slag notch and the water outlet are both arc-shaped, and the diameter of the slag notch is smaller than the diameter of the water outlet.
With reference to the eighth implementation manner of the first aspect, in a ninth possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present application, the cross section of the slag runner is a circular arc, and the diameter of the water outlet is smaller than the diameter of the slag runner.
In the implementation process, the embodiment of the application provides a process for carrying out grain slag treatment on a blast furnace grain slag treatment system. The process realizes the transformation of the granulated slag treatment process by controlling the discharge speed of the slag flushing water and the slag, and obtains the effects of controlling the roof fall of the slag flushing ditch and the splashing of the slag.
Namely, the blast furnace slag water treatment method of the application adjusts the pressure of the slag flushing water by calculating the falling point of the slag flushing water and the falling point of the slag, so that the falling point of the slag is overlapped with the falling point of the slag flushing water, the problem that the slag flows to a water column and is rebounded and splashed by the high-pressure slag flushing water can be effectively solved, and safety accidents in the slag discharging process are avoided. The slag water ratio can be more reasonably controlled by reasonably adjusting the slag temperature and the pressure of the slag flushing water, so that the operation energy consumption of a slag pump motor is optimized. The technology can provide theoretical basic data support for the design of a blast furnace slag runner, a slag flushing water flushing box and a slag and water mixing tank.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a blast furnace smelting unit according to an example of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a structure of a blast furnace slag treatment system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the construction of another blast furnace slag treatment system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a state where the falling points of the flushing slag water and the slag coincide with each other when the blast furnace slag treatment system of FIG. 3 is operated.
Icon: 101-blast furnace; 102-major groove; 103-a skimmer; 104-Longgou; 105-discharging the slag runner; 106-slag flushing groove; 107-sand dams; 108-water feeder.
Detailed Description
A large amount of slag is generated in the blast furnace smelting process, so the slag furnace needs to be processed in time to ensure the normal blast furnace smelting. Because of the relatively high temperature of the slag, it is usually selected to be water quenched. Namely, the slag is granulated by bringing the slag flushing water into contact with the slag. However, in the current process, problems of poor slag granulation effect, easy slag adhesion, slag splashing and the like often occur. Slag splashing may cause danger due to the high slag temperature. Therefore, there is a need for an improved water quenching process to address the problem of slag splashing.
However, to the best of the inventors' knowledge, there is currently no effective solution to the above problems. Through studies on this problem, the inventors tried to find a solution to overcome the above problem. After practice and study, the inventors found that the main cause of the above problems is: the contact position of the slag and the slag flushing water is not properly designed. That is, the flushing water creates an upward "squeeze/impact" action on the slag, causing the slag to expand or move in a spreading motion, which in turn causes roof fall and splashing problems.
Therefore, the key point for avoiding the problems is to reasonably control the contact mode, position and timing of the slag and the slag flushing water, namely to control the falling points of the slag and the slag flushing water to be matched properly. In particular, the upward or obliquely upward impact of the slag flushing water on the slag is avoided.
Based on this knowledge, the inventors have found that the manner, position and timing of contact between the slag and the flushing water can be controlled by controlling the discharge rate of the slag and the flushing water. For this solution, the inventors are based on the recognition that: the flushing water and the slag are discharged in a manner similar to a horizontal throwing motion (discharge devices of the flushing water and the slag, such as a slag runner and a water feeder, which are mentioned later, are controlled accordingly), and thus, the motion thereof can be regarded as a combination of a horizontal motion and a vertical motion. Then, by selectively controlling the initial speed (horizontal discharge speed) of the horizontal throwing motion, the motion tracks in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be adjusted, so that the discharge flow pattern (track and shape) of the slag flushing water and the slag can be controlled, and the contact mode, position and time of the slag flushing water and the slag can be controlled.
In general, through the above operations, the inventors tried to control the slag flushing water to avoid a violent impact/extrusion action on the slag, so that the slag flushing water and the slag keep a downward movement tendency when contacting with each other, thereby avoiding the slag from being splashed by the impact/extrusion of the slag flushing water.
In order to facilitate understanding of the above-described contact process of the flushing water and the slag, the following description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a blast furnace smelting unit. The blast furnace 101 is connected to the large trench 102. The end of the large ditch 102 is connected with a dragon ditch 104, and a skimmer 103 is arranged between the two ditches. The lower slag runner 105 is connected to the main runner 102, and an (movable) sand dam 107 is arranged at one end of the lower slag runner 105 adjacent to the main runner 102. A slag runner 106 is disposed below the slag runner 105, and a water feeder 108 (not shown in fig. 1) is disposed therebetween.
The working mode is as follows: molten iron and slag produced by blast furnace smelting are discharged into the large ditch 102; through the skimmer 103, the slag enters the slag discharging trough 105, and the molten iron enters the dragon trough 104; the slag is separated from the slag discharging groove 105, and simultaneously, the slag flushing water is discharged from the water feeder 108; the slag contacts with the slag flushing water to realize water quenching, and the slag continues to be conveyed and flows in the slag flushing channel 106.
Structurally, the lower slag runner 105 is arranged in an inclined manner, and the inclination angle can be controlled between 20 degrees and 30 degrees (such as 21 degrees, 23 degrees, 24 degrees, 26 degrees, 28 degrees, 29 degrees and the like). The inclined slag runner 105 helps to ensure a certain flow rate of slag (self-flow under gravity) while avoiding slag build-up in the slag runner. The water feeder 108 is usually configured by matching a water feeding pipe with a drainage tank (or a punching tank). And the drain box is connected to the tail end of the water delivery pipe, and the water outlet is formed in the drain box and comprises a plurality of water distribution holes (in a mesh shape). The drainage box is used for discharging the slag flushing water, so that the slag flushing water can be dispersed, and the contact area between the slag flushing water and the slag is increased. Meanwhile, the water column of the slag flushing water is dispersed by the drainage box, so that the outlet pressure can be improved, and the outlet speed is further improved.
Alternatively, the slag runner 106 may be optionally inclined. Illustratively, the sluiceway extends from a fluid inlet end to a fluid outlet end. Which are arranged substantially obliquely in the fluid transport direction a and in the vertical direction the height of the fluid inlet end is greater than the height of the fluid outlet end. Thus, the slag and the slag flushing water flowing into the slag flushing channel 106 can flow by themselves under the action of gravity. The angle of inclination of the sluiceway 106 is generally not too large or too small. Too large an angle of inclination is inconvenient for receiving the slag flushing water and the slag; too small an angle of inclination results in slow or stagnant slag and flushing water flow. Illustratively, the angle of inclination of the sluiceway is 8 to 15 degrees, such as 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 degrees, etc., relative to horizontal.
In a granulated slag handling system consisting of the slag runner 105, the water feeder 108 and the sluiceway 106, the slag runner 105 discharges slag through a slag tap (typically provided by a slag runner nozzle mounted at the end of the slag runner 105); the water feeder 108 discharges slag through a water outlet (typically provided by a brewing tank).
Wherein, the distance (such as vertical distance) between the slag discharging opening and the water outlet is not suitable to be too small so as to prevent the water mist of the slag flushing water sprayed from the water outlet from contacting the slag groove nozzle, thereby avoiding slag bonding at the slag discharging opening (the slag bonding can increase the cleaning difficulty).
Meanwhile, the distance between the slag flushing ditch and the water feeder is controlled to meet the requirement of a downward buffer space of slag flushing water so as to avoid the rebound of high-pressure slag flushing water. The distance (such as vertical distance) between the slag sluiceway and the water feeder is not too large or too small. If the distance is too small, the requirement of downward buffering of the slag flushing water cannot be met, and the downward leakage direction of the slag flushing water and the slag is improper, so that the high-pressure slag flushing water is easy to rebound; if the distance is too large, the potential energy of the slag flushing water and the slag is converted into larger kinetic energy to form more violent impact, and relatively stable and gentle water and slag flow cannot be formed.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the slag water treatment apparatus in the blast furnace smelting system of FIG. 1. It discloses the spatial arrangement of the slag runner 105, the water feeder 108 and the slag sluiceway 106 in the vertical direction. Overall, the three are spaced apart from each other in the vertical direction B by a certain distance (the above-mentioned vertical distance), and the water feeder 108 is located between the lower slag runner 105 and the slag runner 106. Meanwhile, the slag runner, the water feeder and the slag sluiceway are all arranged in a manner of extending in the fluid conveying direction a (in the example, the slag runner can also be considered as a horizontal direction), so that the fluid conveying directions of the three are consistent, for example, the center lines of the three coincide.
Wherein the water feeder 108 has a highest water level C and a lowest water level D. When the water sender 108 is implemented as a hollow cylindrical tube as shown in fig. 2 and is arranged with its axis horizontal, its highest outgoing level C refers to the uppermost tangential plane of its circular profile, and correspondingly its lowest outgoing level D refers to the lowermost tangential plane of its circular profile.
As shown in fig. 2, the end of the slag runner 105 (slag hole) is substantially on the same vertical plane as the end of the water feeder 108 (water outlet) and the head of the slag runner 106. I.e. the direction in which the slag is discharged from the lower slag runner 105, the direction in which the flushing water is discharged from the water feeder 108, and the direction of flow of the flushing water and slag in the flushing slag runner 106 are substantially identical, as shown in the top view in fig. 1.
However, as an alternative (a modification of the present example), the arrangement of the three may be adjusted, for example, the water feeder 108 may have a certain retraction amount relative to the slag chute 105 with the fluid conveying direction a as a positive direction. I.e., the water feeder 108 is retracted a distance rearward (retraction L1, as shown in fig. 3) relative to the slag runner 105 to prevent the slag water from adversely impacting the slag. This adverse impact effect is caused because the horizontal displacement S of the slag flushing water as in table 2 is larger than the horizontal displacement S of the slag as in table 3. Because the horizontal displacement S of the slag flushing water is not matched with/matched with the horizontal displacement S of the slag, the diffusion part of the slag flushing water has extrusion and impact effects on the slag, so that the slag is splashed.
Since the water feeder 108 is normally fixedly installed, the water feeder 108 can be retracted by suitably lengthening the end of the slag runner 105, for example, by lengthening the slag runner nozzle. The direct impact of the slag on the slag runner 106 can be reduced by adjusting the arrangement position of the water feeder 108.
The arrangement of the water feeders 108 is adjusted, and in other examples of the present application, the arrangement of the slag flushing trench 106 may also be adjusted. For example, the head end of the slag runner 106 is forward a distance (a setback L2) relative to the outlet of the water feeder 108, as shown in fig. 3.
Furthermore, in actual production, the depth and the width of the slag sluiceway can be properly adjusted.
For example, the depth of the sluiceway is typically controlled to be greater than 0.2 meters from the slag runner's slag outlet. However, under the influence of the environment of the blast furnace, the depth of the slag sluiceway is not too large, otherwise, a semi-closed space is easily formed due to too deep slag sluiceway, the safety risk is increased, and meanwhile, the heat diffusion is not easy; if the depth of the slag flushing channel is not enough, slag flushing water, slag and a mixture thereof are easy to overflow.
For example, the width of the slag runner can be controlled to be 2 times the diameter of the punching box. The slag sluiceway is too wide, which is not beneficial to the collection of the mixed slag and water; the slag sluiceway is too small in width, and the slag sluiceway is damaged too fast due to the scouring of slag sluiceway water.
In short, the cross-sectional area (determined by the depth and the width) of the slag runner can be adjusted, and the specific adjustment mode can be selected according to the field situation according to the actual production. The adjustment principle is as follows: the flow speed of the slag (the mixture of the slag flushing water and the slag) is reasonably controlled, and the width of the slag surface cannot exceed the diameter of the slag flushing water.
In addition, the size specifications of the slag discharging ditch, the water feeder and the slag flushing ditch can be optionally adjusted so as to better adapt to operation.
For example, the cross sections of the slag discharging opening of the slag discharging groove and the water outlet of the water feeder are both circular arc-shaped, and the diameter of the slag discharging opening is smaller than that of the water outlet. Therefore, the emergent water column of the slag flushing water can cover the emergent slag column of the slag, thereby ensuring that the discharged high-temperature slag can be fully quenched by water. Therefore, through the adjustment of the size, the high-temperature slag which is not quenched by water can be prevented from entering the slag flushing ditch.
For example, the cross section of the slag sluiceway is circular arc, and the diameter of the water outlet is smaller than that of the slag sluiceway. Because the diameter of the sluiceway is larger, the sluicing water and the slag can be completely received, so that the sluicing water and the slag are prevented from splashing or separating from the sluiceway.
Based on the blast furnace granulated slag treatment system shown in fig. 3, the inventor proposes a blast furnace granulated slag treatment method. The method can match the falling point of the slag flushing water with the falling point of the slag, thereby avoiding the problems of roof fall and splashing caused by the impact of the slag flushing water on the slag. Namely, the slag flushing water and the slag falling point are controlled to be contacted at proper positions (refer to fig. 4), so that the slag is subjected to water quenching by using the slag flushing water.
In the examples, the inventor finds out through research that the fluidity and the flow rate of the slag and the pressure and the flow rate of the slag flushing water are the influence factors for controlling the falling point of the slag flushing water and the falling point of the slag. The above factors also correlate and interact with the structure of the blast furnace slag treatment system.
Therefore, the inventors have found not only that the matching between the flushing water and the slag drop point has a substantial influence on the problems of slag roof fall and splashing generated during the water quenching process, but also that the control of the drop point is correlated with the fluid transportation mode and the structural characteristics of the blast furnace slag treatment system. In other words, according to the scheme provided by the application, the inventor can correspondingly operate the fluidity and the flow rate of the slag and the pressure and the flow rate of the slag flushing water corresponding to the fluidity and the flow rate based on the structural characteristics of the slag discharging ditch, the water feeder and the slag flushing ditch. The structural characteristics and the technological parameter characteristics are effectively combined, so that the phenomena of slag overflow and slag splashing of a slag runner in the slag discharging process of a plurality of blast furnaces are solved.
Specifically, in the conventional water quenching process, the slag flushing water is discharged from the flushing box to form a jet-shaped high-speed flowing slag flushing water. Because the impact force of the slag flushing water is large, water columns diffuse towards the periphery and contact with slag, so that the water columns rebound to cause slag overflow.
In the scheme provided by the application, the lowest position (the lowest water outlet plane D) of the slag flushing water outlet is taken as a reference, and when the running position of the water column is lower than the lowest horizontal line of the outlet (slag flushing water discharged from the highest water outlet plane C falls to the lowest water outlet plane D), slag just drops at the point (the lowest water outlet plane D).
When the water column of the slag flushing water moves horizontally, and the diffusion part is lower than the upper surface (highest level) of the water column at the outlet, the diffusion part is influenced by air resistance in the horizontal direction, the speed is reduced, and the moving direction of the water column of the slag flushing water in the main body part inclines downwards. When the slag just drops to the lowest point (lowest level) where the column of slag flushing water makes a horizontal projectile motion, the two come into contact and then fall into a mixing tank.
Based on this, the blast furnace granulated slag processing method in the example includes: and discharging the slag from the slag discharging port at a first discharge speed, and simultaneously discharging the slag flushing water from the water outlet at a second discharge speed.
Wherein the first discharge velocity and the second discharge velocity are determined by:
when the slag is discharged from the slag discharging groove at a first discharge speed, the maximum vertical height of the slag after being discharged from the slag discharging opening during a first maximum horizontal displacement is positioned at the lowest water outlet level;
when the slag flushing water is discharged from the water outlet at a second discharge speed, the sum of a second maximum horizontal displacement and a preset distance after the slag flushing water is discharged from the water outlet is equal to the first maximum horizontal displacement, and meanwhile, the slag flushing water is in contact with the slag, and the projection of the contact position in the vertical direction is located in the slag flushing ditch.
In order to bring the flushing water and the slag into contact at appropriate positions, it is therefore necessary to control the drop points of both simultaneously. In the above processing method, the determined first discharge speed mainly controls the falling point of the slag, and the determined second discharge speed mainly controls the falling point of the flushing water.
It should be noted that the inventors have also found that, in addition to controlling the falling points of the flushing water and the slag to properly coincide, the pressure of the flushing water is adjusted to optimize the slag-water ratio-for example, to control the slag-water ratio to 8 to 10-to improve the water quenching effect. Wherein the slag-water ratio refers to the ratio (m1/m2) of the weight (m1) of effective slag flushing water in the slag flushing water to the weight (m2) of slag; wherein the effective slag flushing water is the water leakage part in the slag flushing water which is considered to be conveyed. That is, the weight of the slag discharged from the lower slag runner and the weight of the slag flushing water discharged from the water outlet are maintained for a period of time in which the speed of the slag flushing water and the slag discharging speed are kept stable. For example, if the slag water ratio is too small (too little slag flushing water), the water quenching effect is poor; if the slag water ratio is too large (too much slag flushing water), water resources are wasted, and the electric energy consumption of a slag pump motor is increased.
In addition, the inventor has surprisingly found that the water quenching effect can be improved by improving the quality of the slag flushing water. Wherein, the quality of the slag flushing water can be measured by the content of impurities in the slag flushing water. Therefore, the quality of the slag flushing water is improved by reducing impurities in the slag flushing water, and the water quenching effect can be further improved under the condition that the slag flushing water is consistent with the slag falling point. In the example, the slag flushing water in the slag pool is pumped to a slag flushing place in a small amount, impurities in the slag flushing water are filtered by slag (iron-making blast furnace slag), and the filtered slag flushing water is introduced into the slag pool and is circulated continuously, so that the quality of the slag flushing water is improved continuously. In other words, the slag washing water after water quenching with the slag is mixed with the slag washing water without water quenching to form a mixed liquid, and a filtrate formed by filtering solids in the mixed liquid can be used as the slag washing water with high quality.
In order to make it easier for those skilled in the art to implement the blast furnace slag treatment method in the examples of the present application, the confirmation of the falling point of the slag flushing water and the slag will be described below with reference to specific examples.
a) After the slag flushing water is sprayed out through a water feeder (flows out along the pipeline and passes through a flushing box), the diameter of a water column of the slag flushing water is equal to that of the pipeline, namely R.
The pressure P of the slag flushing water (the pressure of the slag flushing water of the blast furnace is 0.1-0.3MPa generally) is determined, and a stopwatch is used for measuring the flow velocity V of the slag flushing water discharged under different pressures.
When the slag flushing water leaves the pipeline and contacts with the atmosphere, the pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy, and then the slag flushing water makes horizontal projectile motion along the speed V. Measuring the flow M of the slag water under different pressures; flow is proportional to flow rate and pressure is proportional to flow rate.
b) The height difference between the slag discharging opening of the slag discharging groove (the slag falling point of the slag groove nozzle) and the upper surface (the highest water outlet plane C) of the water outlet of the punching box is measured to be H, namely the distance between the slag discharging groove and the slag flushing water. The distance is small, so that the high-pressure slag flushing water can directly rebound the slag to the external space, and the function of water crushing the slag cannot be realized; if the distance is too large, the excessive potential energy can cause the slag-water mixture to bounce in the mixing tank, and a relatively stable mixed fluid can not be formed and flows into the slag bath, so that the slag bath equipment can not be protected.
The height difference H1 between the slag sluiceway and the water feeder is measured.
Measuring the fluidity of the slag, and expressing the fluidity by using the temperature PT of the slag, wherein the higher the temperature is, the better the fluidity is and the faster the flow rate is; the slag flow was M1.
The slag flows out of the main/large channel continuously, and the lower slag channel of the blast furnace is closed. Therefore, in the case where the temperature of the slag discharged from the blast furnace is constant and the lower slag runner is stable, the temperature change of the slag when it is conveyed in the lower slag runner is negligible, and accordingly, the average speed of the slag is substantially stable. It should be noted that the flow rate of the slag also varies with the temperature of the slag.
c) And (3) calculating: under the conditions that the pressure of the slag flushing water is P1 and the flow rate is V1, the upper surface of the water column of the slag flushing water moves to the position of the water column on the lower surface, and when the lower surface of the water column of the slag flushing water falls into the slag flushing ditch, corresponding marks are made in the slag flushing ditch.
d) And detecting the falling point position of the furnace slag when the furnace slag flows down along a slag discharging opening (slag groove nozzle) of the slag discharging groove under different temperature conditions. In general, the slag ratio of a blast furnace is stable, the operation of an iron notch is stable, and the flow rate of slag is increased along with the enhancement of the fluidity; the slag flow rate increases with increasing temperature. The position of the falling point refers to the horizontal displacement of the slag in the vertical direction in the fluid conveying direction when the height of the slag is equal to the height of the lowest water outlet plane D of the water feeder.
e) In the slag flushing process, when the slag leaves the tail end of the slag discharging groove, the slag is horizontally thrown along the angle of the slag discharging groove. According to the position of the falling point of the slag (the position in the horizontal direction and the position in the vertical direction), the pressure of the slag flushing water is adjusted, so that the falling point of the slag is overlapped with the height position point of the diameter of the falling water column on the upper surface (sprayed from the highest water outlet plane C) of the water column of the slag flushing water. Namely, the falling point of the slag flushing water sprayed from the highest water outlet level C just reaches the position of the horizontal plane at the lower end of the punching box (to the lowest water outlet level D). At the above-mentioned falling point, the flushing slag water is contacted with the slag to form a slag-water mixture, and the slag-water mixture continuously falls and moves to the mixing tank.
Example 1
1) The slag flushing water flows out along the pipeline, after being sprayed by the flushing box, the diameter of the slag flushing water column is equal to the diameter of the pipeline, R is 0.45 meter, and the area of a slag flushing water outlet hole of the flushing box is 0.0314 square meter. And determining the pressure P of the slag flushing water, and controlling the pressure of the blast furnace slag flushing water to be 0.1-0.3MPa (different according to the on-site slag flushing environment, the height difference of pipelines and different transmission distances).
When the slag flushing water leaves the pipeline, the slag flushing water is contacted with the atmosphere, the pressure energy is converted into kinetic energy, and then the slag flushing water performs horizontal throwing motion along the speed V; measuring the flow M of the slag flushing water under different pressures, and calculating the flow velocity V of the slag flushing water flowing out of the pipeline under different pressures; flow is proportional to flow rate and pressure is proportional to flow rate, and the measurements are reported in table 1.
TABLE 1 conveying characteristics of slag flushing water
2) The height difference between the slag outlet of the slag discharging groove and the upper surface of the outlet of the punching box is measured to be H0.5 m. The height difference H1 between the slag sluiceway and the lower surface of the outlet of the box making is measured to be 0.5 m.
3) And calculating, namely regarding the flushing slag water as horizontal projectile motion after flowing out of the flushing box, calculating the position (horizontal distance S from the drop point of the outlet water column) of the flushing slag water column from the upper surface to the lower surface under the conditions that the pressure of the flushing slag water is P1 and the flow rate is V1 according to related companies, and marking the flushing slag ditch correspondingly, wherein the result is shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 slag flushing water discharge characteristics
The calculation method comprises the following steps:
the vertical movement distance (distance between the highest level and the lowest level; diameter of the punching box) is 0.45 m, and Y is 1/2 (gt)2) Then, t can be calculated to be 0.3 seconds.
Displacement in horizontal direction S1＝V1T 6.36 0.3 1.9808 m;
S2＝V2t 6.54 0.3 1.9620 m; in the same way, S can be calculated3...Sn；
4) Through field experiments, half a year of slag discharge conditions are extracted, and the position of a falling point when the slag flows down along the slag runner nozzle (when the slag flows out of the slag runner nozzle, the slag is regarded as performing uniform linear motion) is detected under different temperature conditions, and the results are shown in table 3. Measuring the fluidity of the secondary slag, and expressing the fluidity by using the temperature PT of the slag, wherein the higher the temperature is, the better the fluidity is, and the faster the flow rate is; the slag flow was M1. In general, the slag ratio of a blast furnace is stable, the operation of an iron notch is stable, and the flow rate of slag is increased along with the enhancement of the fluidity; the slag flow rate increases with increasing temperature. When the slag flows out of the slag discharging ditch nozzle, the diameter of the slag flow column is 0.1 meter.
TABLE 3 slag discharge characteristics
The calculation method comprises the following steps:
the vertical direction movement distance is YSlag of furnace0.95 m, YSlag of furnace＝1/2(gt2) Then, t is 0.4359 seconds. Wherein, YSlag of furnaceThe height difference H between the slag outlet of the slag discharging groove and the upper surface of the outlet of the punching box and the diameter R of the water column of the punching slag are measured to be (0.5+0.45) m.
Displacement in horizontal direction S1Slag V1T-3.450-0.4359-1.5038 m;
S2slag V2T-3.4253-0.4359-1.4931 m; in the same way, S can be calculated3S slagnSlag.
5) During the slag flushing process, the pressure of the slag flushing water is adjusted according to the position of the falling point of the slag, so that the falling point of the slag is overlapped with the height position point of the diameter of the falling water column on the upper surface of the slag flushing water column.
From the above calculation results, it is known that there is a difference in the horizontal displacement between the flushing water and the slag at the contact position of the flushing water and the slag (the displacement of the flushing water is larger than the slag), and therefore, as mentioned above, the water feeder (flushing tank) has a certain retraction amount to avoid the roof-fall or splash impact effect of the flushing water on the slag. For example, the water outlet of the flushing box is more than the slag outlet of the slag runner nozzle by the retraction amount of L1-1.9808-1.2046-0.7762 m, namely the difference between the minimum horizontal displacement of the slag flushing water and the maximum horizontal displacement of the flushing slag. In daily production, the position of the punching box is fixed and can not be adjusted, the position can be realized by a method of lengthening the slag runner nozzle, and the experimental data can provide a slag runner design basis.
In addition, the slag flushing water pressure is controlled in daily production, the distance between the slag flushing water outlet of the flushing box and the slag outlet of the slag runner nozzle is 0.85 meter (shrinkage L1), and the horizontal displacement value is corresponding to the slag temperature. When the temperature of the slag is 1500 ℃, the horizontal displacement S is 1.3959 meters when the slag falls to the lower horizontal tangent plane of the punching box. At this time, the falling points of the flushing slag water and the slag are in an inosculated state. The distance from the slag flushing water outlet to the contact position of the slag flushing water and the slag is 0.85+ 1.3959-2.2459 m, and the corresponding slag flushing water pressure is optimally 0.16-0.17 MPa. The slag flushing water has too high pressure, so that slag is easy to rebound and overflow, and the energy consumption of a slag pump motor is wasted; the slag flushing water pressure is too low, and the water quenching effect is reduced.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A blast furnace granulated slag processing method is applied to a blast furnace granulated slag processing system to improve the water quenching effect of slag flushing water and slag, and is characterized in that the system defines a fluid conveying direction and comprises the following steps: the lower slag runner, the water feeder and the slag flushing runner are arranged in a height decreasing and spacing manner in the vertical direction and extend along the fluid conveying direction:
wherein the slag discharging groove is provided with a slag discharging opening used for conveying slag discharged by the blast furnace;
the water feeder is provided with a water outlet for conveying slag flushing water for water quenching with slag discharged from the slag discharging groove, and the water outlet is provided with a highest water outlet plane and a lowest water outlet plane which are distributed in the vertical direction;
the slag flushing channel is used for receiving the slag flushing water and the slag after water quenching;
the slag discharge groove, the water feeder and the slag flushing groove are arranged along the fluid conveying direction;
a preset distance is reserved between the water outlet and the slag discharging port along the fluid conveying direction, the water outlet is positioned at the upstream of the fluid conveying direction, and the slag discharging port is positioned at the downstream of the fluid conveying direction;
the processing method comprises the following steps: discharging the slag from the slag tap hole at a first discharge speed, and simultaneously discharging the slag flushing water from the water outlet at a second discharge speed;
wherein the maximum vertical height at a first maximum horizontal displacement of the slag after discharge from the tap hole is at the lowest level of discharge when the slag is discharged at the first discharge velocity;
when the slag flushing water is discharged at the second discharge speed, the sum of the second maximum horizontal displacement of the slag flushing water discharged from the water outlet and the preset distance is equal to the first maximum horizontal displacement, the slag flushing water is contacted with the slag, and the projection of the contact position in the vertical direction is positioned in the slag flushing ditch.
2. The blast furnace slag treatment method according to claim 1, wherein when the slag flushing water is discharged at the second discharge speed and the slag flushing water is in contact with the slag, a minimum vertical height of the slag flushing water after being discharged from the water outlet is greater than or equal to a vertical distance between the lowest water outlet level and the slag runner.
3. The blast furnace granulated slag processing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a ratio of the weight of the slag flushing water to the weight of the slag is 8 to 10.
4. The blast furnace granulated slag processing method according to claim 1, wherein the flow rate of the slag is controlled by the temperature of the slag.
5. The blast furnace slag treatment method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the flow rate of the slag flushing water is controlled by a delivery pressure of the slag flushing water.
6. The blast furnace granulated slag processing method according to claim 1, wherein the water feeder comprises a water pipe and a water discharge tank, the water discharge tank is connected to the tail end of the water pipe, and the water outlet is arranged in the water discharge tank and comprises a plurality of water distribution holes.
7. The blast furnace granulated slag processing method according to claim 1, wherein the sluiceway is formed by extending from a fluid inlet end to a fluid outlet end, the sluiceway is arranged obliquely, and the height of the fluid inlet end is greater than that of the fluid outlet end in a vertical direction.
8. The blast furnace granulated slag processing method according to claim 7, wherein an inclination angle of the slag sluiceway is 8 to 15 degrees with respect to a horizontal plane.
9. The blast furnace granulated slag processing method according to claim 1, 6, 7 or 8, wherein the cross sections of the slag tapping hole and the water outlet are both arc-shaped, and the diameter of the slag tapping hole is smaller than that of the water outlet.
10. The blast furnace granulated slag processing method according to claim 9, wherein the cross section of the sluiceway is circular arc-shaped, and the diameter of the water outlet is smaller than that of the sluiceway.
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| CN115074472A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-09-20 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | Blast furnace slag pump control method and device and blast furnace slag treatment system |
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