CN111533405A - Sludge biological drying-pyrolysis integrated device and method - Google Patents
Sludge biological drying-pyrolysis integrated device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111533405A CN111533405A CN202010404559.6A CN202010404559A CN111533405A CN 111533405 A CN111533405 A CN 111533405A CN 202010404559 A CN202010404559 A CN 202010404559A CN 111533405 A CN111533405 A CN 111533405A
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- pyrolysis
- biological drying
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing
Abstract
The invention relates to a sludge biological drying-pyrolysis integrated device and a method, which mainly comprise a biological drying reactor (comprising a high-temperature starting bin and a micro-pressure aeration bin), a deodorizing device, a granulator, a pyrolysis furnace, a combustion furnace, a boiler and the like. After biological drying treatment and granulation, the sludge is conveyed to a pyrolysis furnace, pyrolytic carbon generated by pyrolysis is cooled and stored, and high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion of pyrolysis gas enters a boiler to be converted into hot water or hot steam to provide energy supply for a biological drying reactor. The biological drying and the internal heating type pyrolysis of the device are coupled, so that the high energy consumption, high cost and high pollution of the sludge heat drying treatment process are reduced by the biological drying; the incineration process is replaced by pyrolysis, so that the generation of harmful substances such as dioxin is reduced, clean combustible gas and pyrolytic carbon generated by pyrolysis improve the recycling of sludge and the cleanness of the treatment process, and biologically dried tail gas is discharged after harmless treatment, thereby providing a technical route with low pollution, low energy consumption and low economy for sludge treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy regeneration of high-water-content organic solid wastes, and particularly relates to a sludge biological drying-pyrolysis integrated device and method.
Background
In recent years, contrary to the rapid development of sewage treatment, the development of sludge treatment is very slow, and the effective treatment rate of sludge is low. With the increase of the yield of the stored sludge, the problems of environment and the like are receiving more and more attention. According to the survey results, about 2/3 of sludge is currently buried, 1/5 of sludge is transported out and randomly piled up, the proportion of incineration and resource utilization is low, and therefore, the treatment of the stored sludge is urgent. Because the further treatment and disposal of the stored sludge are affected by the problems of the property, the high water content and the like of the stored sludge, the resource recycling of the dried sludge after dehydration by using a drying technology is one of the economically feasible methods of the stored sludge at present.
The traditional physical drying method has high energy consumption, the chemical drying method is contrary to the concept of solid waste reduction, toxic and harmful tail gas is easy to generate, and the biological drying technology mainly utilizes biological heat generated by degrading organic matters by aerobic microorganisms to remove water in sludge, so that the method is an economic and environment-friendly drying method; meanwhile, the pyrolysis technology can convert organic matters in the solid waste into clean liquid phase or gas phase fuel, and the process can inhibit the generation of toxic and harmful gases such as dioxin, so the pyrolysis technology is considered to be a clean heat treatment mode for replacing incineration. At present, the biological drying is mostly carried out by independent biological drying, the pyrolysis is also carried out by mainly taking dried materials as raw materials or combining the dried materials in other drying forms, and the low-energy-consumption and environment-friendly biological drying, clean and resource pyrolysis process combination and the combined and matched integrated engineering application such as flue gas purification are lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art and promote the engineering application and popularization of the integrated device of the biological drying process and the pyrolysis process, the invention aims to provide the integrated device and the method of the biological drying-pyrolysis of the sludge. Thereby realizing the effective combination of biological drying and pyrolysis of the stored sludge and achieving the low energy consumption, cleanness and resource of the treatment and disposal of the water-containing organic solid waste.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a sludge biological drying-pyrolysis integrated device comprises a biological drying reactor and a premixing tank 1 used for enabling stored sludge and a conditioner to be subjected to substrate regulation, wherein a substrate outlet of the premixing tank 1 is connected with a material inlet of the biological drying reactor, a material outlet of the biological drying reactor is connected with a material inlet of a granulator 5, a material outlet of the granulator 5 is connected with a material inlet of a pyrolysis furnace 6, a material outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 6 is connected with a cooling conveyor 10, a gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace 6 is connected with an inlet of a combustion furnace 7, an outlet of the combustion furnace 7 is connected with a flue gas inlet of a boiler 9, and a heat medium outlet of the boiler 9 is connected with a heat medium inlet of the biological drying reactor.
Preferably, the gas outlet of the biological drying reactor is provided with a deodorizing device 4.
Preferably, the biological drying reactor comprises a high-temperature starting bin 2 and a micro-pressure aeration bin 3, wherein a substrate outlet of the premixing tank 1 is connected with a material inlet of the high-temperature starting bin 2, a material outlet of the high-temperature starting bin 2 is connected with a material inlet of the micro-pressure aeration bin 3, and a material outlet of the micro-pressure aeration bin 3 is connected with a material inlet of the granulator 5.
The invention also provides a sludge biological drying-pyrolysis integration method based on the sludge biological drying-pyrolysis integration device, which comprises the following steps:
a, fully mixing the stored sludge and a conditioner in a premixing tank 1 according to a proportion;
b, conveying the organic solid waste material prepared in the step a to a biological drying reactor, and drying the organic solid waste material;
c, conveying the dried material generated in the step b to a granulator 5 for granulation, and then conveying the dried material to a pyrolysis furnace 6, outputting the pyrolysis carbon generated by pyrolysis through a cooling conveyor 10 for later use, directly feeding pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis into a combustion furnace 7, feeding high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion into a boiler 9, and converting the high-temperature flue gas into hot water or hot steam to be used as energy supply of the biological drying reactor.
Preferably, the conditioner is kitchen waste and straw. The design principle is that the kitchen waste substrate is rich in protein, fat and sugar, and microorganisms in the whole system can be rapidly proliferated due to the existence of macromolecular nutrient substances to reach the logarithmic phase. The existence of the straws can reduce the density of the whole substrate system, and is beneficial to the full mixing and aeration process of the substrate.
Preferably, the biological drying reactor comprises a high-temperature starting bin 2 and a micro-pressure aeration bin 3, the organic solid waste materials are firstly subjected to rapid proliferation of microorganisms in the high-temperature starting bin 2, the macromolecules of organic matters in the substrate materials are promoted to be rapidly degraded into small molecules, then the small molecules are conveyed to the micro-pressure aeration bin 3, the biological process is inhibited by micro negative pressure, the biological process is maintained in a logarithmic stability period, the dried tail gas is pumped to the deodorizing device 4 by negative pressure aeration, and the dried tail gas is discharged after being innoxious.
Preferably, the temperature of the high-temperature starting bin 2 is controlled to be 55-60 ℃, and the design principle is that the whole stack body quickly enters a high-temperature period by the quick temperature rise of the substrate, so that the fermentation period is shortened.
The micro-pressure aeration chamber 3 is used for micro-negative pressure aeration, the pressure range is-5 mmAp to-10 mmAp, and the design principle has two points: firstly, the pressure promotes the metabolism process of the microorganism to be controlled, so that the microorganism is maintained in a logarithmic stationary phase for a long time, and the substrate degradation effect is better and sufficient; secondly, negative pressure air exhaust can intensively exhaust odor generated by fermentation into the deodorizing device 4 while aerating.
Preferably, in the granulator 5, the dried material is mixed with biomass with the particle size of 2-8mm for granulation.
Preferably, the pyrolysis furnace 6 is an internal-heat type pyrolysis, external-heat type pyrolysis or other pyrolysis gasification processes, the temperature in the pyrolysis furnace 6 is controlled at 400-.
Preferably, the cooling conveyor 10 is a device adopting two cooling modes of direct water spray gasification and indirect water jacket.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, biological drying and internal heating type pyrolysis are coupled, so that the high energy consumption, high cost and high pollution of the sludge heat drying treatment process are reduced by the biological drying; the incineration process is replaced by pyrolysis, so that the generation of harmful substances such as dioxin is reduced, clean combustible gas and pyrolytic carbon generated by pyrolysis improve the recycling of sludge and the cleanness of the treatment process, and biologically dried tail gas is discharged after harmless treatment, thereby providing a technical route with low pollution, low energy consumption and low economy for sludge treatment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
The invention provides a biological drying-pyrolysis integrated device and a method for storing sludge, and the following detailed and complete description is provided for the specific technical method and the device of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and the specific embodiments, and the specific embodiments are only partial examples of the invention, but not all examples. All other examples obtained without inventive step by a person skilled in the art are within the scope of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the integrated biological drying and pyrolysis apparatus for storing sludge according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the invention comprises a premixing tank 1, a high-temperature starting bin 2, a micro-pressure aeration bin 3, a deodorization device 4, a granulator 5, a pyrolysis furnace 6, a combustion furnace 7, an oil gas combustor 8, a boiler 9 and a cooling conveyor 10.
The method comprises the steps of regulating a substrate of stored sludge in a premixing tank 1 by using a conditioner, conveying the sludge to a biological drying reactor, namely, entering a high-temperature starting bin 2, drying organic solid waste materials by using a micro-pressure aeration bin 3, then conveying the dried organic solid waste materials to a granulator 5 for granulation, conveying the granules to a pyrolysis furnace 6, outputting pyrolysis carbon generated by pyrolysis by using a cooling conveyor 9 for later use, directly feeding pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis into a combustion furnace 7, converting high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion into hot water or hot steam by using a boiler to supply energy to the biological drying reactors 2 and 3, and discharging tail gas generated by biological drying reaction after being harmlessly treated by a deodorization device 4.
The stored sludge conditioner is kitchen waste and straws. The design principle is that the kitchen waste substrate is rich in protein, fat and sugar, and microorganisms in the whole system can be rapidly proliferated due to the existence of macromolecular nutrient substances to reach the logarithmic phase. The existence of the straws can reduce the density of the whole substrate system, and is beneficial to the full mixing and aeration process of the substrate.
The biological drying reactor consists of a high-temperature starting bin and a micro-pressure aeration bin.
The temperature of the high-temperature starting bin is set to be 55-60 ℃, the design principle is that the whole stack body rapidly enters a high-temperature period through rapid heating of the substrate, and the fermentation period is shortened.
The micro-pressure aeration bin is used for micro-negative pressure aeration, and the design principle has two points: firstly, the pressure promotes the metabolism process of the microorganism to be controlled, so that the microorganism is maintained in a logarithmic stationary phase for a long time, and the substrate degradation effect is better and sufficient; and secondly, the negative pressure air exhaust system can intensively exhaust odor generated by fermentation into the deodorization device while aerating.
The dried material can be mixed with biomass with the particle size of 2-8mm for granulation.
The pyrolysis furnace is an internal heating type pyrolysis furnace, an external heating type pyrolysis or other pyrolysis gasification processes, and the temperature in the pyrolysis furnace is controlled at 400-700 ℃.
The cooling conveyor is a device adopting two cooling modes of direct water spray gasification and indirect water jacket.
The combustion temperature of the combustion furnace is controlled at 750-1100 ℃.
The biological drying-pyrolysis integrated device and method for storing sludge comprise the following steps:
a. the stored sludge and the conditioner are fully mixed in proportion in the premixing tank 1. The conditioner is kitchen waste and straw.
b. And (b) conveying the material prepared in the step (a) to a biological drying reactor, firstly carrying out rapid propagation of microorganisms in a high-temperature starting bin 2 to promote rapid degradation of organic matter macromolecules of the substrate material into small molecules, and then conveying the small molecules to a micro-pressure aeration bin 3, wherein the biological process is slightly inhibited due to micro negative pressure in the bin, so that the biological process is maintained in a logarithmic stabilization phase, and the dried tail gas is pumped to a deodorizing device 4 by negative pressure aeration and discharged after harmless treatment.
c. And (b) conveying the dried material generated in the step (b) to a granulator 5 for granulation, and then conveying the granulated material to a pyrolysis furnace 6, outputting the pyrolysis carbon generated by pyrolysis through a cooling conveyor 9 for later use, directly feeding pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis into a combustion furnace 7, feeding high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion into a boiler 9, converting the high-temperature flue gas into hot water or hot steam to be used as energy supply of a biological drying reactor, and simultaneously, using an oil gas combustor 8 as additional energy supply of the boiler 9 to avoid the energy shortage of the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion furnace 7.
By utilizing the biological drying section process, the initial water content of the sludge with the water content of more than 70 percent can be reduced to below 15 percent within 7 days, and the carbon yield is 50 percent in the pyrolysis process section, namely 50 kilograms of carbon is produced from 100 kilograms of sludge.
Claims (10)
1. The sludge biological drying-pyrolysis integrated device is characterized by comprising a biological drying reactor and a premixing tank (1) used for enabling sludge and conditioner to be stored in the biological drying reactor to be subjected to substrate regulation, wherein a substrate outlet of the premixing tank (1) is connected with a material inlet of the biological drying reactor, a material outlet of the biological drying reactor is connected with a material inlet of a granulator (5), a material outlet of the granulator (5) is connected with a material inlet of a pyrolysis furnace (6), a material outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (6) is connected with a cooling conveyor (10), a gas outlet of the pyrolysis furnace (6) is connected with an inlet of a combustion furnace (7), an outlet of the combustion furnace (7) is connected with a flue gas inlet of a boiler (9), and a heat medium outlet of the boiler (9) is connected with a heat medium inlet of the biological drying reactor.
2. The sludge biological drying-pyrolysis integrated device according to claim 1, wherein the gas outlet of the biological drying reactor is provided with a deodorizing device (4).
3. The sludge biological drying-pyrolysis integrated device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the biological drying reactor comprises a high-temperature starting bin (2) and a micro-pressure aeration bin (3), a substrate outlet of the premixing tank (1) is connected with a material inlet of the high-temperature starting bin (2), a material outlet of the high-temperature starting bin (2) is connected with a material inlet of the micro-pressure aeration bin (3), and a material outlet of the micro-pressure aeration bin (3) is connected with a material inlet of the granulator (5).
4. The sludge biological drying-pyrolysis integrated method based on the sludge biological drying-pyrolysis integrated device of claim 1, characterized by comprising the following steps:
a, fully mixing stored sludge and a conditioner in a premixing tank (1) according to a proportion;
b, conveying the organic solid waste material prepared in the step a to a biological drying reactor, and drying the organic solid waste material;
and c, conveying the dried material generated in the step b to a granulator (5) for granulation, and then conveying the dried material to a pyrolysis furnace (6), outputting pyrolysis carbon generated by pyrolysis through a cooling conveyor (10) for later use, directly feeding pyrolysis gas generated by pyrolysis into a combustion furnace (7), feeding high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion into a boiler (9), and converting the high-temperature flue gas into hot water or hot steam to be used as energy supply of the biological drying reactor.
5. The integrated biological drying-pyrolysis method for sludge as claimed in claim 4, wherein the conditioner is kitchen waste and straw.
6. The sludge biological drying-pyrolysis integrated method according to claim 4, wherein the biological drying reactor comprises a high-temperature starting bin (2) and a micro-pressure aeration bin (3), the organic solid waste materials are firstly subjected to rapid proliferation and propagation of microorganisms in the high-temperature starting bin (2), organic matter macromolecules of the substrate materials are promoted to be rapidly degraded into small molecules, then the small molecules are conveyed to the micro-pressure aeration bin (3), the biological process is inhibited by micro negative pressure and maintained in a logarithmic stability period, and the drying tail gas is pumped to the deodorization device (4) by negative pressure aeration and discharged after being innoxious.
7. The sludge biological drying-pyrolysis integrated method according to claim 6, wherein the temperature of the high temperature starting bin (2) is controlled to be 55-60 ℃, and the micro negative pressure aeration bin (3) is used for micro negative pressure aeration, and the pressure range is-5 mmAp to-10 mmAp.
8. The sludge biological drying-pyrolysis integrated method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that in the granulator (5), the dried material is mixed with biomass with the particle size of 2-8mm for granulation.
9. The integrated sludge biological drying-pyrolysis method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the pyrolysis furnace (6) is an internal heat type pyrolysis, an external heat type pyrolysis or other pyrolysis gasification processes, the temperature in the pyrolysis furnace (6) is controlled at 700 ℃ C. 400 and the combustion temperature of the combustion furnace (7) is controlled at 1100 ℃ C. 750.
10. The integrated sludge biological drying-pyrolysis method according to claim 4, wherein the cooling conveyor (10) is a device adopting two cooling modes of direct water spray gasification and indirect water jacket.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112047597A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-08 | 浙江工业大学 | Comprehensive treatment process and system for preparing gas fertilizer by combining biological drying and gasification of sludge |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112047597A (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2020-12-08 | 浙江工业大学 | Comprehensive treatment process and system for preparing gas fertilizer by combining biological drying and gasification of sludge |
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