CN111532376B - Hatch cover opening and closing mechanism of deep-sea manned submersible - Google Patents
Hatch cover opening and closing mechanism of deep-sea manned submersible Download PDFInfo
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- CN111532376B CN111532376B CN202010395056.7A CN202010395056A CN111532376B CN 111532376 B CN111532376 B CN 111532376B CN 202010395056 A CN202010395056 A CN 202010395056A CN 111532376 B CN111532376 B CN 111532376B
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- hatch cover
- mandrel
- spring
- locking
- connecting rod
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B19/00—Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
- B63B19/12—Hatches; Hatchways
- B63B19/14—Hatch covers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B19/00—Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
- B63B19/12—Hatches; Hatchways
- B63B19/24—Hatch fastenings, e.g. cleats
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B19/00—Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
- B63B19/12—Hatches; Hatchways
- B63B19/28—Other safety means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B19/00—Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers
- B63B19/12—Hatches; Hatchways
- B63B19/24—Hatch fastenings, e.g. cleats
- B63B2019/245—Loose or removable fastening members specially adapted for fastening hatch covers to coamings, sills, or the like
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a deep sea manned submersible hatch cover opening and closing mechanism in the field of marine equipment, which comprises a hatch cover, a locking assembly and a balance assembly, wherein the locking assembly is arranged on the hatch cover; the locking assembly comprises a mandrel, a locking execution part which can perform locking and unlocking operations in the cabin is arranged at the inner side end of the mandrel, and an emergency opening structure is arranged at the outer side end of the mandrel, so that the tool drives the mandrel to rotate to unlock the locking execution part through the emergency opening structure; the balance assembly comprises a connecting arm, one end of the connecting arm is connected with a hatch cover lifting lug fixedly arranged on the outer side of the hatch cover through a pin shaft, and a rotating fulcrum end of the connecting arm is rotatably connected with a fixed support; the balance assembly comprises a steel wire rope, a spring guide base, a compression spring and a sliding rod, wherein a spring end face check ring is movably arranged in the spring guide base and is connected with the inner wall of the spring guide base through the compression spring, and the steel wire rope penetrates through the compression spring and pulls the spring end face check ring backwards. The hatch cover can be easily opened, and the problems of normal opening and closing and emergency opening and closing are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of marine equipment, in particular to an opening and closing mechanism for an access hatch cover of a deep-sea manned submersible.
Background
In the prior art, a manned cabin is one of the most important core components of a deep-sea manned submersible, safety evaluation is one of important signs whether the manned submersible is successfully developed or not, a hatch cover opening and closing mechanism is used as one part of the manned cabin, the sealing performance of a hatch cover and the safety of the hatch cover opening and closing mechanism are directly related to the life safety of personnel in the cabin, and therefore the importance of the hatch cover opening and closing mechanism under the hatch cover is immeasurable. Under the condition of ensuring the sealing performance of the hatch cover, the main effect of the opening and closing mechanism is to realize the opening and closing portability of the hatch cover, and the personnel entering and exiting the hatch cover can be ensured to open the hatch cover without external force.
The balance assembly of the patent "CN 201761631U large-depth manned submersible entrance and exit hatch cover opening and closing mechanism" adopts a superposed leaf spring arranged in a rotating shaft with a closed cavity to provide torque, the structure has large volume and weight, and the leaf spring mainly provides bending moment and has wide application range, is used for providing torque and has relatively large calculation difficulty.
The locking device of the patent 'CN 103895817A deep sea manned submersible hatch cover locking device' utilizes the lever principle, can realize the basic function of the locking device, but considers that the space in the manned cabin is smaller, when using the locking device with the structure, a driver must use larger force to rotate the hand wheel to realize hatch cover locking after entering the manned cabin, the maneuverability is poorer, meanwhile, the mechanism consists of a plurality of rod pieces, once a certain transmission rod piece has a problem, the hand wheel can not be operated outside the cabin to realize emergency rescue, and the reliability is also lower.
The locking device in the patent CN108791706B is a manned submersible hatch cover locking device, which adopts two sets of gear transmission structures, wherein the gear structures comprise a sector gear, a gear ring, a pinion and a synthetic wheel, and the four gears all need specific calculation and processing and have higher cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hatch cover opening and closing mechanism of a deep-sea manned submersible, which can easily open a hatch cover and solve the problems of normal opening and closing and emergency opening and closing.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a hatch cover opening and closing mechanism of a deep sea manned submersible comprises a hatch cover of an annular cover structure for sealing a hatch, a locking assembly for locking the hatch cover and a balance assembly;
the locking assembly comprises a mandrel coaxially and hermetically penetrating the hatch cover, the outer side end of the mandrel is positioned outside the hatch cover, the inner side end of the mandrel is positioned in the hatch cover, a locking execution component capable of locking and unlocking in the cabin is arranged at the inner side end of the mandrel, and the outer side end of the mandrel is provided with an emergency opening structure, so that a tool drives the mandrel to rotate through the emergency opening structure to unlock the locking execution component;
the balance assembly comprises a connecting arm, a fixed support is fixed on the hatch cover base, one end of the connecting arm is connected with a hatch cover lifting lug fixedly arranged on the outer side of the hatch cover through a pin shaft, and a rotating fulcrum end of the connecting arm is rotatably connected with the fixed support;
the balance assembly further comprises a steel wire rope, a spring guide base, a compression spring and a sliding rod, wherein two connecting arms are arranged, the rear end of the spring guide base is rotatably connected with the two connecting arms and is positioned between the two connecting arms, one end of the steel wire rope is fixedly arranged, the other end of the steel wire rope movably penetrates into the spring guide base and is fixed on a spring end face retainer ring through a steel wire rope fixing plate, the fixing support slidably supports the steel wire rope, the spring end face retainer ring is movably arranged in the spring guide base and is connected with the inner wall of the spring guide base through the compression spring, and the steel wire rope penetrates through the compression spring and pulls the spring end face retainer ring backwards;
the two connecting arms are provided with strip holes, the spring guide base is provided with open slots corresponding to the strip holes, the sliding rod is fixedly connected with the spring end face retainer ring in a penetrating mode, and the sliding rod movably penetrates through the strip holes of the two connecting arms and the open slots of the spring guide base.
Further, the locking performing part of the inner side end of the spindle comprises:
a handle assembly mounted at an inner end of the spindle;
the driving disc is coaxially sleeved on the inner section of the mandrel;
the three bolt guiding pieces are circumferentially and uniformly distributed by taking the axis of the mandrel as a reference, are fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the hatch cover and are provided with sliding grooves which are communicated from front to back; and
three sets of locking connecting rod groups which are matched with the spring bolt guide pieces one by one, wherein each set of locking connecting rod group comprises a connecting rod, an adjusting piece and a spring bolt which are sequentially connected, the spring bolt is arranged in a sliding groove of one spring bolt guide piece in a sliding mode, the adjusting piece is of an adjustable rod structure, one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the driving disk, and the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to one end of the adjusting piece;
when the locking connecting rod groups are in a locking state, the connecting rods, the adjusting pieces and the lock tongues are in a linear arrangement state and are combined into a straight rod structure, so that the lock tongues are in locking fit with the inner wall of the hatch cover base, and any two adjacent locking connecting rod groups keep an included angle of 120 degrees;
when the locking connecting rod group is in an unlocking state, the connecting rod is in an inclined state;
the emergency opening structure at the outer side end of the mandrel comprises a hexagonal protrusion with a hexagonal section structure and integrally arranged with the mandrel, and the hexagonal protrusion is provided with a hexagonal groove with an upward opening and a hexagonal section structure.
Further, above-mentioned handle sub-assembly is including folding handle connecting rod, folding handle, extension spring, folding handle connecting rod passes and fixed connection on the mandrel with the direction of perpendicular to mandrel axis, folding handle connecting rod both ends all are connected with folding handle, just folding handle can the tilting from top to bottom for folding handle connecting rod, and every folding handle all disposes extension spring, folding handle is connected to extension spring one end, folding handle connecting rod is connected to the extension spring other end, under the state of not operating folding handle upwards perks under extension spring's effect.
The handle assembly further comprises a spindle end cover, the driving disc is provided with a sleeve part and a disc part forming a main body part of the driving disc, the disc part of the driving disc is connected with the connecting rod, the sleeve part of the driving disc is sleeved on the spindle, the folding handle connecting rod simultaneously penetrates through and is connected with the spindle and the sleeve part of the driving disc, the lower end of the sleeve part of the driving disc downwards exceeds the inner side end of the spindle and is covered by the spindle end cover, and a screw penetrates through the spindle end cover and the folding handle connecting rod from bottom to top and is connected with the spindle screw so as to simultaneously fix the driving disc and the folding handle connecting rod.
Furthermore, three limit screws are fixedly mounted on the driving disc, the three limit screws correspond to the three connecting rods one by one, and the rod bodies of the three connecting rods abut against the three limit screws one by one in a locking state.
Furthermore, one end of the connecting rod, which faces the driving disc, is provided with a limiting U-shaped groove for accommodating the driving disc to move in, and the periphery of the driving disc abuts against the limiting U-shaped groove in the unlocking state.
Furthermore, the fixed support is connected with a pair of limiting pins for limiting the rotation angle position of the connecting arm, and when the hatch cover rotates to the target position along with the connecting arm, the limiting pins are inserted into the preset positioning holes of the connecting arm and the preset positioning holes of the fixed support.
Furthermore, three sets of steel wire ropes, spring guide bases, compression springs and steel wire rope clamps are arranged and are axially arranged along the spring rotating shaft, and the sliding rod penetrates through all the spring guide bases and is fixedly connected with the spring end face check ring of each spring guide base.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the hatch cover can be opened inside and outside the cabin by normal opening and closing actions or emergency opening and closing actions, when the hatch cover is opened and closed normally, the folding handle is held by hands, the driving disc and the mandrel are driven to rotate together, so that the locking tongue is driven to slide in the sliding groove of the locking tongue guide piece, and the aim of locking or unlocking is fulfilled;
2. the moment generated by the elasticity of the compression spring of the balance assembly is utilized to overcome the moment generated by the gravity of the hatch cover, so that the process of opening the hatch cover is more labor-saving, the effect of easily opening the hatch cover is realized, and the steel wire rope is used for drawing the compression spring, so that the compression amount of the compression spring is changed along with the change of the opening angle of the hatch cover;
3. folding handle perk downwards under extension spring's effect under the state of not operating to personnel touch folding handle when the cabin activity and lead to the unblock, make the security can be ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall assembly diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the locking assembly.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the mandrel.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the folding handle attachment bar.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the drive disc.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the unlocking action of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the locking action of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the balancing assembly.
Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the balancing assembly.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the fixing mount.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the balancing assembly.
In the figure, a hatch cover 1, a hatch cover lifting lug 101, a balance assembly 2, a connecting arm 201, a spring guide base 202, a sliding rod 203, a spring rotating shaft 204, a steel wire rope clamp 205, a steel wire rope 206, a spring end face retainer 207, a compression spring 208, a steel wire rope fixing plate 209, a spring locking assembly 3, a 301 mandrel 301, an end face sealing groove 301-1, an axial sealing groove 301-2, a guide ring groove 301-3, a folding handle connecting rod hole 301-4, a threaded hole 301-5, a tongue guide 302, a tongue 303, a 304 driving disk, a 305 folding handle connecting rod, a mandrel end cover 306, a 307 extension spring 307, a 308 folding handle, a 309 adjusting part, a 310 connecting rod 311 limit screw, a 312 guide ring, a 313 sealing ring, a 304 driving disk, a 304-1 limit screw hole, a 304-2 connecting rod mounting hole, a 4 fixing support, a 401 fixing lug, a 402 rotating shaft, a rotating shaft 403, a connecting rod mounting hole, a 310, a limiting screw, a 310 connecting rod, a limiting screw hole, a connecting rod mounting hole, a limiting screw hole, a fixing support, a fixing lug, a fixing sleeve, and the like a fixing sleeve, a, 404 steel wire rope end fixing plate, 405 pin, 406 nut, 407 limiting pin, 5 hatch cover base, 501 hatch cover base conical surface and 6 pin shaft.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying figures 1-11 and specific examples.
As shown in figure 1, the hatch cover opening and closing mechanism of the deep sea manned submersible comprises a hatch cover 1 of an annular cover structure for sealing a hatch, a locking assembly 3 for locking the hatch cover 1 and a balance assembly 2. The whole set of opening and closing mechanism is made of materials with strong corrosion resistance.
The locking assembly 3 comprises a mandrel 301 coaxially and hermetically penetrating through the hatch cover 1, the outer end of the mandrel 301 is positioned outside the hatch cover 1, the inner end of the mandrel 301 is positioned inside the hatch cover 1, a locking executing component capable of locking and unlocking in the cabin is arranged at the inner end of the mandrel 301, and the outer end of the mandrel 301 is provided with an emergency opening structure, so that the tool drives the mandrel 301 to rotate to unlock the locking executing component through the emergency opening structure.
Above-mentioned balanced subassembly 2 includes linking arm 201, is fixed with fixed bearing 4 on the hatch board base 5, and linking arm 201 one end is connected with the hatch board lug 101 of fixed locating the hatch board 1 outside through round pin axle 6, and the rotation fulcrum end of linking arm 201 rotates and connects fixed bearing 4.
The balance assembly 2 further comprises a steel wire rope 206, a spring guide base 202, a compression spring 208 (generally a linear spring), a steel wire rope clamp 205 and a sliding rod 203, wherein the compression spring 208 can be a titanium alloy spring or a 316 stainless steel spring with strong corrosion resistance, and is directly exposed to the external environment and the marine environment without adopting anti-corrosion protection, two connecting arms 201 are arranged, the rear end of the spring guide base 202 is rotatably connected with the two connecting arms 201 and is positioned between the two connecting arms 201 and is provided with a spring rotating shaft 204, one end of the steel wire rope 206 is fixedly arranged, the other end of the steel wire rope 206 movably penetrates into the spring guide base 202 and is fixed on a spring end face retainer ring 207 through a steel wire rope fixing plate 209, the fixed support 4 slidably supports the steel wire rope 206, the spring end face retainer ring 207 is movably arranged in the spring guide base 202 and is connected with the inner wall of the spring guide base 202 through the compression spring 208, the cable 206 passes through the compression spring 208 and pulls the spring end retainer 207 rearward. The purpose of the wire rope 206 is to pull the compression spring 208 so that the compression amount of the compression spring 208 is changed according to the opening angle of the hatch 1.
The opening and closing convenience can be realized by utilizing the moment generated by compression of the compression spring 208 to overcome the gravity moment, and compared with structures such as a torsion spring, the calculation method of the moment is simpler and more reliable by using the compression spring 208, and the structure is simpler.
Three sets of the steel wire rope 206, the spring guide bases 202, the compression springs 208 and the steel wire rope clamps 205 are arranged, the three spring guide bases 202 are located between the two connecting arms 201 and are axially arranged along the spring rotating shaft 204, and the sliding rod 203 penetrates through all the spring guide bases 202 and is fixedly connected with the spring end face retainer ring 207 of each spring guide base 202.
The two connecting arms 201 are provided with elongated holes, the spring guide base 202 is provided with open slots corresponding to the elongated holes, and the sliding rod 203 is fixedly connected with the spring end face retainer ring 207 in a penetrating manner and movably penetrates through the elongated holes of the two connecting arms 201 and the open slots of the spring guide base 202.
As shown in fig. 2, the locking executing part at the inner end of the spindle 301 includes:
a handle assembly mounted at the inboard end of spindle 301;
a driving disk 304 coaxially sleeved on the inner section of the mandrel 301;
the three bolt guiding pieces 302 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction by taking the axis of the mandrel 301 as a quasi-ring, are fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the hatch cover 1, and are provided with sliding grooves which are penetrated in the front and back direction, and the extending direction of the sliding grooves is vertically crossed with the axis of the mandrel 301; and
three sets of locking connecting rod groups that form a complete set with spring bolt guide 302 one by one, every set of locking connecting rod group all includes connecting rod 310, regulating part 309, spring bolt 303 that connects gradually, and spring bolt 303 slides and sets up in the spout of a spring bolt guide 302, and regulating part 309 sets up to adjustable rod structure, and connecting rod 310 one end articulates on driving-disc 304, and the connecting rod 310 other end articulates one end of regulating part 309.
Wherein, a part of the adjusting piece 309 is provided with an external thread and is connected with one end with a threaded hole on the bolt 303, and the other part of the adjusting piece 309 is hinged with the connecting rod 310.
When the locking linkage is in a locking state, the connecting rod 310, the adjusting piece 309 and the bolt 303 are in a linear arrangement state and are combined into a straight rod structure, so that the bolt 303 is in locking fit with the inner wall of the hatch cover base 5, any two adjacent locking linkages keep an included angle of 120 degrees, and the axes of the connecting rod 310, the adjusting piece 309 and the bolt 303 are vertically intersected with the axis of the mandrel 301.
When the locking linkage is in the unlocked state, the connecting rod 310 is in the tilted state.
The emergency opening structure at the outer end of the spindle 301 comprises a hexagonal protrusion with a regular hexagonal cross section structure and integrally arranged with the spindle 301, and is used for rotating the spindle 301 by using a wrench externally, and the hexagonal protrusion is provided with a hexagonal groove with an upward opening and a regular hexagonal cross section structure and is used for connecting a hand wheel.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the handle assembly includes a folding handle connecting rod 305, a folding handle 308, and an extension spring 307, the folding handle connecting rod 305 passes through and is fixedly connected to the spindle 301 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the spindle 301, the folding handle 308 is connected to both ends of the folding handle connecting rod 305, the folding handle 308 is rotatable up and down relative to the folding handle connecting rod 305, each folding handle 308 is provided with the extension spring 307, one end of the extension spring 307 is connected to the folding handle 308, the other end of the extension spring 307 is connected to the folding handle connecting rod 305, and the folding handle 308 is tilted up and down under the action of the extension spring 307 in an unoperated state. So as to prevent personnel from hitting the folding handle 308 when moving in the cabin and unlocking the hatch cover 1, and ensure the safety.
When the folding handle 308 is rotated, the folding handle 308 drives the driving disc 304 to rotate, the driving disc 304 drives the connecting rod 310 to move, and the connecting rod 310 pulls the adjusting member 309 and the locking tongue 303 to move linearly towards the center of the hatch cover 1 along the sliding groove of the locking tongue guiding member 302. During unlocking, the folding handle 308 starts to rotate from the time when the central line of the bolt 303 is parallel to the central line of the connecting rod 310, and rotates to a certain angle, and the limiting U-shaped groove of the connecting rod 310 collides with the outer circle profile of the driving disc 304 to achieve unlocking limiting.
The folding handle 308 is rotated, so that the bolt 303 moves in a direction away from the center of the hatch cover 1, when the center line of the bolt 303 is parallel to the center line of the connecting rod 310, the bolt 303 moves to the farthest end, namely, the dead point position of the locking linkage (crank block mechanism), the plastic block on the tail end of the bolt 303 is slightly extruded by the hatch cover base 5, the bolt continues to rotate for a certain angle, namely, the bolt crosses the dead point of the locking linkage (crank block mechanism), the connecting rod 310 is contacted with the limit screw 311, the folding handle 308 cannot continue to rotate, and the effect of locking and limiting is achieved. The purpose of the folding handle 308 being rotated past the dead center is to prevent accidental unlocking of the lock actuator by an external force.
The handle assembly further comprises a spindle end cover 306, the driving disc 304 is provided with a sleeve part and a disc part forming a main body part of the driving disc 304, the disc part of the driving disc 304 is connected with the connecting rod 310, the sleeve part of the driving disc 304 is sleeved on the spindle 301, the folding handle connecting rod 305 simultaneously penetrates through and is connected with the spindle 301 and the sleeve part of the driving disc 304, the lower end of the sleeve part of the driving disc 304 extends downwards beyond the inner side end of the spindle 301 and is covered by the spindle end cover 306, and a screw penetrates through the spindle end cover 306 from bottom to top and is connected with the spindle 301 through the folding handle connecting rod 305 in a screw mode so that the driving disc 304 and the folding handle connecting rod 305 are fixed on the spindle 301.
As shown in fig. 3, in order to maintain the sealing effect of the spindle 301, a sealing member is required to be sleeved on the spindle 301 to seal the installation gap between the spindle 301 and the hatch cover 1 so as to prevent water leakage; the mandrel 301 is provided with an end face sealing groove 301-1, an axial sealing groove 301-2, a guide ring groove 301-3, a folding handle connecting rod hole 301-4 and a threaded hole 301-5, wherein the end face sealing groove 301-1 is arranged on the lower end face of an annular flange of the mandrel 301 so as to be inserted with a sealing ring for end face sealing, and the axial sealing grooves 301-2 are provided with two end face sealing grooves 301-1 and two axial sealing grooves 301-2 which are axially arranged along the mandrel 301 so as to be sleeved with the sealing ring for sealing, so that the end face sealing and the axial sealing effects of the mandrel 301 are guaranteed due to the arrangement of the end face sealing groove 301-1 and the axial sealing groove 301-2 which can be filled with the sealing ring, and the mandrel can adapt to the use working condition of large-depth seawater high pressure; the folding handle connection rod hole 301-4 is used for insertion connection of the folding handle connection rod 305.
As shown in fig. 2, 6 and 7, three limit screws 311 are fixedly mounted on the driving disc 304, the three limit screws 311 correspond to the three connecting rods 310 one by one, and the shafts of the three connecting rods 310 abut against the three limit screws 311 one by one in the locked state, so that the three connecting rods 310 are prevented from rotating continuously after reaching the locked position, and the folding handle 308 is prevented from rotating excessively when performing the locking operation, thereby accurately defining the locked position, and facilitating the operator in the cabin to know whether the locking state is performed. The disk portion of the drive disk 304 is provided with a limit screw hole 304-1 and a connecting rod mounting hole 304-2, the limit screw hole 304-1 is used for mounting a limit screw 311, and the connecting rod mounting hole 304-2 is used for hinging the connecting rod 310.
As shown in fig. 2, the end of the connecting rod 310 facing the driving disc 304 has a U-shaped groove for accommodating the driving disc 304 therein, and the periphery of the driving disc 304 abuts against the U-shaped groove in the unlocked state.
As shown in fig. 10, a pair of limit pins 407 for limiting the rotation angle position of the connecting arm 201 are connected to the fixed support 4, and when the hatch cover 1 rotates with the connecting arm 201 to a target position (which may be an open position of the hatch cover 1, a lock position of the hatch cover 1, or a specific angle position when the hatch cover 1 is opened), the limit pins 407 are inserted into preset positioning holes of the connecting arm 201 and preset positioning holes of the fixed support 4. The fixed support 4 is a fixed end for providing the opening and closing mechanism and also provides a rotation center for the opening and closing mechanism. The fixed support 4 is mainly provided with a rotating shaft 402 and a steel wire end fixing plate 404. The fixed support 4 has a specific shape with a circular arc with a specific radius, which is the arm length of the elastic force of the compression spring 208.
As shown in fig. 10, the fixing support 4 mainly includes a fixing lug 401, a rotating shaft 402, a rotating shaft sleeve 403, a steel cable end fixing plate 404, a pin 405, a large nut 406, and a limit pin 407, the fixing lug 401 is welded on the hatch cover base 5, the rotating shaft 402 traverses three side plates of the fixing lug 401, a connecting arm 201 and a rotating shaft sleeve 403 are installed between one end of the rotating shaft 402 and the fixing lug 401, a nut 406 is installed at the tail of the other end of the rotating shaft 402, and a connecting arm 201 and a rotating shaft sleeve 403 are also installed between the nut 406 and the fixing lug 401. The steel cable end fixing plate 404 is connected to the fixing lug 401 through a screw, and the steel cable 206 with the three sets of steel cable clamps 205 is fixed to a lug on the steel cable end fixing plate 404 through a pin 405. When the hatch cover 1 rotates to the target position together with the connecting arm 201, the limiting pin 407 is inserted into the corresponding holes of the connecting arm 201 and the fixing lug 401 to limit and fix the position.
When the hatch cover 1 is normally opened and closed, the folding handle 308 is held by hands to drive the driving disc 304 and the spindle 301 to rotate together, so as to drive the bolt 303 to slide in the chute of the bolt guide 302, so as to achieve the purpose of locking or unlocking, when the hatch cover 1 is opened and closed in emergency, the spindle 301 is driven to rotate to drive the three sets of locking connecting rod sets (equivalent to three sets of crank slider mechanisms) in the cabin to unlock simultaneously by using a wrench or other tools to match with the emergency opening structure at the outer side end of the spindle 301, so that the hatch cover 1 can be opened from the outside.
The rotary round handle for opening the hatch cover 1 is not used inside and outside the cabin, so that the structural space is saved on one hand, and the risk of deformation or looseness of the mandrel 301 caused by collision is reduced on the other hand.
In this implementation, whole hoist mechanism's spare part is small and exquisite, and weight is lighter.
Working principle of the balancing assembly 2: as shown in FIG. 11, the gravity of the opening and closing mechanism generates a counterclockwise gravity moment MgBy means of clockwise external force moment MsTo balance the gravity moment, gravity moment MgWith external force moment MsThe moment difference is slightly smaller than the moment M required by manually pulling the hatch cover 1hThe hatch cover 1 can be pulled to rotate around a fixed shaft, so that the hatch cover 1 is opened, and the stress structure of the opening and closing mechanism is shown in figure 11. Wherein the external force moment is derived from the compression spring 208. In the opening process of the hatch cover 1, along with the increase of the opening angle of the hatch cover 1, the gravity center point G of the part of the opening and closing mechanism rotating around the rotating shaft 402 is approximately unchanged relative to the closing state of the hatch cover 1 at a certain point on the hatch cover 1, the horizontal distance between the gravity center point G and the center of the rotating shaft 402 is continuously reduced, the gravity moment formed by the self weight of the opening and closing mechanism is also continuously reduced, the compression amount of the compression spring 208 in the balance assembly 2 is reduced along with the increase of the opening angle, the elastic force of the compression spring is continuously reduced, and the spring moment generated by the elastic force is also continuously reduced. Therefore, in the opening process of the opening and closing mechanism, the gravity moment which is opposite in direction and is continuously reduced and the moment difference formed by the spring moment of the balance component 2 are reduced, so that the opening force F for opening the hatch cover 1 is reducedhThe purpose of (1).
While the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A deep sea manned submersible hatch cover opening and closing mechanism, includes hatch cover (1) that is used for sealed hatch, annular lid structure to and locking Assembly (3) of locking hatch cover (1), its characterized in that: also comprises a balancing component (2);
the locking assembly (3) comprises a mandrel (301) coaxially and hermetically penetrating through the hatch cover (1), the outer side end of the mandrel (301) is positioned outside the hatch cover (1), the inner side end of the mandrel (301) is positioned in the hatch cover (1), a locking execution part capable of performing locking and unlocking operations in the hatch cover is arranged at the inner side end of the mandrel (301), and the outer side end of the mandrel (301) is provided with an emergency opening structure, so that a tool drives the mandrel (301) to rotate to unlock the locking execution part through the emergency opening structure;
the balance assembly (2) comprises a connecting arm (201), a fixed support (4) is fixed on a hatch cover base (5), one end of the connecting arm (201) is connected with a hatch cover lifting lug (101) fixedly arranged on the outer side of a hatch cover (1) through a pin shaft (6), and the rotating fulcrum end of the connecting arm (201) is rotatably connected with the fixed support (4);
the balance component (2) also comprises a steel wire rope (206), a spring guide base (202), a compression spring (208) and a sliding rod (203), the number of the connecting arms (201) is two, the rear end of the spring guide base (202) is rotatably connected with the two connecting arms (201) and is positioned between the two connecting arms (201), one end of the steel wire rope (206) is fixedly arranged, the other end of the steel wire rope (206) movably penetrates into the spring guide base (202) and is fixed on the spring end face retainer ring (207) through a steel wire rope fixing plate (209), the fixed support (4) slidably supports a steel wire rope (206), the spring end face retainer ring (207) is movably arranged in the spring guide base (202), and is connected with the inner wall of the spring guide base (202) through a compression spring (208), the steel wire rope (206) penetrates through the compression spring (208) and pulls the spring end face retainer ring (207) backwards;
the two connecting arms (201) are provided with strip holes, the spring guide base (202) is provided with open slots corresponding to the strip holes, the sliding rod (203) is fixedly connected with the spring end face retainer ring (207) in a penetrating manner and movably penetrates through the strip holes of the two connecting arms (201) and the open slots of the spring guide base (202);
the locking execution component at the inner side end of the mandrel (301) comprises:
a handle assembly mounted at an inboard end of the spindle (301);
the driving disc (304) is coaxially sleeved on the inner side section of the mandrel (301);
the three bolt guiding pieces (302) are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction by taking the axis of the mandrel (301) as a quasi-ring, are fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the hatch cover (1), and are provided with sliding grooves which are communicated from front to back; and
three locking connecting rod sets matched with the bolt guide pieces (302) one by one, wherein each locking connecting rod set comprises a connecting rod (310), an adjusting piece (309) and a bolt (303) which are sequentially connected, the bolt (303) is slidably arranged in a sliding groove of one bolt guide piece (302), the adjusting piece (309) is arranged into an adjustable rod structure, one end of the connecting rod (310) is hinged to the driving disk (304), and the other end of the connecting rod (310) is hinged to one end of the adjusting piece (309);
when the locking connecting rod groups are in a locking state, the connecting rods (310), the adjusting pieces (309) and the locking tongues (303) are in a linear arrangement state and are combined into a straight rod structure, so that the locking tongues (303) are in locking fit with the inner wall of the hatch cover base (5), and any two adjacent locking connecting rod groups keep an included angle of 120 degrees;
when the locking linkage is in an unlocked state, the connecting rod (310) is in an inclined state;
the emergency opening structure of the outer side end of the mandrel (301) comprises a hexagonal protrusion with a hexagonal cross section structure and integrally arranged with the mandrel (301), and the hexagonal protrusion is provided with a hexagonal groove with an upward opening and a hexagonal cross section structure.
2. The opening and closing mechanism for hatch cover of manned submersible in deep sea according to claim 1, the handle assembly comprises a folding handle connecting rod (305), a folding handle (308) and an extension spring (307), the folding handle connecting rod (305) penetrates through the mandrel (301) in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the mandrel (301) and is fixedly connected to the mandrel (301), both ends of the folding handle connecting rod (305) are connected with folding handles (308), and the folding handles (308) can rotate up and down relative to the folding handle connecting rods (305), each folding handle (308) is provided with an extension spring (307), one end of the extension spring (307) is connected with the folding handle (308), the other end of the extension spring (307) is connected with the folding handle connecting rod (305), in the non-operating state, the folding handle (308) is tilted upward by the action of the tension spring (307).
3. The deep sea submersible hatch opening and closing mechanism according to claim 2, wherein the handle assembly further comprises a spindle end cap (306), the drive plate (304) has a sleeve portion and a disc portion constituting a main body portion thereof, the disk part of the driving disk (304) is connected with a connecting rod (310), the sleeve part of the driving disk (304) is sleeved on the mandrel (301), the folding handle connecting rod (305) simultaneously passes through and connects the mandrel (301) and the sleeve part of the driving disk (304), the lower end of the sleeve part of the driving disk (304) extends downwards beyond the inner end of the mandrel (301), and is covered by a mandrel end cover (306), and a screw passes through the mandrel end cover (306) and the folding handle connecting rod (305) from bottom to top and is connected with the mandrel (301) through the screw, so as to fix the driving disc (304) and the folding handle connecting rod (305) at the same time.
4. The opening and closing mechanism of the hatch cover of the deep sea manned submersible as claimed in claim 1, wherein the driving plate (304) is fixedly provided with three limit screws (311), the three limit screws (311) correspond to the three connecting rods (310), and the shafts of the three connecting rods (310) abut against the three limit screws (311) one by one in the locking state.
5. The opening and closing mechanism of a hatch cover of a deep sea submersible vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the end of the connecting rod (310) facing the driving plate (304) has a limiting U-shaped groove for accommodating the driving plate (304) to move therein, and the periphery of the driving plate (304) abuts against the limiting U-shaped groove in the unlocked state.
6. The deep sea submersible hatch cover opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that a pair of limit pins (407) for limiting the rotation angle position of the connecting arm (201) are connected to the fixed support (4), and when the hatch cover (1) rotates with the connecting arm (201) to the target position, the limit pins (407) are inserted into the preset positioning holes of the connecting arm (201) and the fixed support (4).
7. The deep sea submersible hatch cover opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that three sets of the steel wire rope (206), the spring guide bases (202), the compression spring (208) and the steel wire rope clamp (205) are arranged axially along the spring rotating shaft (204), and the sliding rod (203) traverses all the spring guide bases (202) and is fixedly connected with the spring end face retainer ring (207) of each spring guide base (202).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010395056.7A CN111532376B (en) | 2020-05-12 | 2020-05-12 | Hatch cover opening and closing mechanism of deep-sea manned submersible |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010395056.7A CN111532376B (en) | 2020-05-12 | 2020-05-12 | Hatch cover opening and closing mechanism of deep-sea manned submersible |
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| CN111532376B true CN111532376B (en) | 2022-02-01 |
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| CN203780744U (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2014-08-20 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Locking device for hatch cover of deep-sea manned submersible vehicle |
| CN106315062A (en) * | 2015-06-18 | 2017-01-11 | 贝恩多夫贝德鲍有限责任公司 | Closure, particularly for closing construction and technological apertures |
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