CN111531876B - Multi-axis photocuring 3D printing device and method capable of achieving mixed material use - Google Patents
Multi-axis photocuring 3D printing device and method capable of achieving mixed material use Download PDFInfo
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- CN111531876B CN111531876B CN202010131792.1A CN202010131792A CN111531876B CN 111531876 B CN111531876 B CN 111531876B CN 202010131792 A CN202010131792 A CN 202010131792A CN 111531876 B CN111531876 B CN 111531876B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
- B29C64/129—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified characterised by the energy source therefor, e.g. by global irradiation combined with a mask
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/227—Driving means
- B29C64/241—Driving means for rotary motion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/245—Platforms or substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/264—Arrangements for irradiation
- B29C64/277—Arrangements for irradiation using multiple radiation means, e.g. micromirrors or multiple light-emitting diodes [LED]
- B29C64/282—Arrangements for irradiation using multiple radiation means, e.g. micromirrors or multiple light-emitting diodes [LED] of the same type, e.g. using different energy levels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-axis photocuring 3D printing device and method capable of realizing mixed material, and the device comprises an axle seat, a Z-axis guide rail, a Z-axis linear motor, a cantilever, a workbench, a rotating disc, a trough support, a rotating upright post, a B-axis servo motor, a B-axis coupling, a B-axis support, a lens, an A-axis servo motor, an A-axis coupling, an A-axis support, a Y-axis linear motor, a Y-axis guide rail, a rotating table coupling, a rotating servo motor and a machine body base. Compared with the existing photocuring 3D printing device, the device has multiple degrees of freedom and can realize the printing of the inclined body with higher precision; the imaging of the invention adopts the mask plate to replace a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD), and improves the printing precision and can scan in a large area while reducing the cost by driving the rotation motion of the optical machine; the invention can realize multi-material printing so as to enhance the mechanical properties and the like of printed products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D micro-nano processing, and particularly relates to a multi-axis photocuring 3D printing device and method capable of realizing mixed material.
Background
With the rapid development of 3D printing and micro-nano technology, in order to meet the requirements of different fields and industries, researchers at home and abroad have developed various micro-nano scale 3D printing processes and printing materials in recent years, and the printing materials are applied to various fields and industries. The 3D printing, i.e., Rapid Prototyping (RP) technology, an additive manufacturing technology based on the idea of discrete build-up, a "bottom-up" additive manufacturing method of materials, which, by computer technology, the material is connected and accumulated layer by layer according to the three-dimensional digital model of the part, thereby manufacturing the solid part, reducing the manufacturing process from complex three-dimensional processing to a series of simple two-dimensional layer processing, because the processing difficulty of the two-dimensional layer sheet is basically irrelevant to the complexity of the solid structure of the part, the processing difficulty of the solid body of the part is greatly reduced, thereby completing three-dimensional solid models with different shapes and structures by a uniform and automatic method, compared with the traditional processing technology, the 3D printing technology has the advantages that materials are not wasted, the free structure design of products can be realized, and the processing period is short, so that the effects of energy conservation and environmental protection are achieved.
The technology uses photosensitive resin liquid as a raw material, and the photosensitive property of the resin enables the material to be subjected to polymerization reaction and cured after being irradiated by light (mostly ultraviolet wave bands) with special wave bands.
At present, the photocuring 3D micro-nano printing at home and abroad basically adopts an axial movement and layer-by-layer exposure printing, and for the gradient error defect existing in inclined plane printing, the photocuring 3D printing device disclosed by the invention can better solve the gradient problem existing in printing by adopting multi-axis linkage, can be better matched with a mask for use, and improves the printing size precision.
The present large light curing 3D printing apparatus adopts a light curing digital micro-mirror device (DMD) chip, the technical advantage is that the change of the printed pattern can be simply realized by modifying the parameters, the disadvantage is high cost, the resolution ratio is low, the pixel of the present technique can only reach about um level 5.4um, thus the printing precision is low, the resolution ratio can be further improved by the zoom lens, but the printing area is reduced, the technical scheme of the invention is that: adopt the mask version to form images according to specific product demand, this technique possesses the cost low, and conventional mask version precision itself is high about 1um to can realize large tracts of land scanning and print when guaranteeing the precision.
Most of the current multi-light curing 3D printing apparatuses are only used for single liquid photosensitive resin molding, such as single photosensitive resin material adopted in patent nos. CN201811544607.0 and CN 201610945088.3; the patent 201610321716.0 of the invention divides a transparent trough into two parts, realizes the compound molding of double-material liquid photosensitive resin and embodies the advantages of photocuring 3D printing in the aspect of material combination design, but the single light source exposure adopted by the invention does not realize that different materials correspond to different initiation factors, namely light waves, so as to achieve the optimal exposure effect and improve the printing speed and quality; the invention is provided with 4 fixed light source loading mechanisms corresponding to 4 fixed printing grooves and 1 printing worktable mechanism capable of rotating and switching, thereby realizing multi-material printing and enhancing the mechanical properties and the like of printed products. .
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide 3D micro-nano processing equipment and a method which are stable and flexible in structure and suitable for a space structure.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a multi-axis photocuring 3D printing device capable of realizing mixed material use comprises an axle seat 1, a Z-axis guide rail 2, a Z-axis linear motor 3, a cantilever 4, a workbench 5, a rotating disk 7, a trough 9, a trough support 8, a rotating upright 6, a B-axis servo motor 22, a B coupler 21, a B-axis support 13, a lens 25, an A-axis servo motor 12, an A coupler 11, an A-axis support 14, a Y-axis linear motor 15, a Y-axis guide rail 17, a rotating platform 16, a rotating platform coupler 23, a second rotating servo motor 18 and a machine body base 19.
The shaft seat 1 is fixedly connected with the rotating upright post 6 through screws, and the Z-axis guide rail 2 is parallel to and coincided with the vertical direction of the rotating upright post 6 and is fixedly connected with the rotating upright post through screws; two ends of a Z-axis linear motor 3 are fixed on the shaft seat 1, a primary Z-axis linear motor 26 and a Z-axis guide rail are in clearance fit guiding, the length direction of a cantilever 4 is vertical to the moving direction of the Z-axis linear motor 3, and one end of the cantilever 4 is overlapped with the primary Z-axis linear motor 26 and is fixedly connected with the primary Z-axis linear motor through a screw; the cantilever 4 is fastened and connected with the workbench 5 through a screw, and the solution tank bracket 8 is vertical to the rotary upright post 6 and is fastened and connected with the screw; the material groove 9 and the solution groove bracket 8 are in clearance fit; the movement of the worktable on the Z axis is realized by controlling the working state of the Z axis linear motor 3; a rotating disc 7 is arranged between the rotating upright 6 and the upright 10. The number of the material troughs 9 is four, and the four material troughs 9 are dispersedly arranged around the rotating disc 7.
The center hole of the rotating disk 7 and the output shaft of the first rotary servo motor 29 are on the same straight line, and the body of the servo motor 29 is embedded into the inner groove of the rotating disk 7, so that the rotating disk is fixed; a motor shaft of a first rotary servo motor 29 is connected with the upright post 10 and is tightly connected and driven by a rotary table coupling 23; the first rotary servo motor 29 and the upright post 10 are fixedly connected at a reserved position through screws, the workbench 5 is rotated on a horizontal plane by controlling the working state of the first rotary servo motor 29, the workbench rotates to a position above the first material groove 9, and the limiting shaft of the push-pull type electromagnet 28 enters the limiting hole of the rotating disc 7;
the first material tank 9 is filled with liquid photosensitive resin A, and the optimal wavelength of the first optical machine 25 below is adjusted according to the liquid photosensitive resin A; the second trough 9 contains liquid photosensitive resin B, and the optimal wavelength of the second optical machine 25 below is adjusted according to the liquid photosensitive resin B; the third trough 9 contains liquid photosensitive resin C, and the optimal wavelength of the third optical machine 25 below is adjusted according to the liquid photosensitive resin C; the fourth trough 9 contains liquid photosensitive resin D, and the optimal wavelength of the fourth optical machine 25 below is adjusted according to the liquid photosensitive resin D;
in the first step, a limit shaft of the push-pull electromagnet 28 enters a limit hole of the rotating disc 7 to be in a limit state, the workbench 5 driven by the Z-axis linear motor of the 3D printer enters the first trough 9 with a transparent bottom end until the bottom surface of the workbench keeps a vertical gap of 25-100 micrometers (determined by the thickness of a slice layer during printing), and projection light of the projector contacts with liquid photosensitive resin after penetrating through the bottom of the transparent trough. At this time, the liquid photosensitive resin in contact with light is instantaneously polymerized and cured, and the liquid photosensitive resin not in contact with light is still kept in a liquid state, so that one-layer molding of the liquid photosensitive resin is realized.
Secondly, driving a workbench to move upwards by 25-100 micrometers (determined by the thickness of a slicing layer during printing) by a Z-axis linear motor 3, and forming the next layer; or the Z-axis linear motor 3 drives the workbench to move upwards above the material groove opening, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet 28 pops out of the limiting hole of the rotating disc 7 to be loosened for limiting, the first rotary servo motor 29 works to realize that the workbench 5 rotates 90 degrees clockwise on the horizontal plane according to the requirement of matched materials, at the moment, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet 28 enters the limiting hole of the rotating disc 7 for limiting, the workbench 5 driven by the Z-axis linear motor of the 3D printer enters the second material groove 9 with a transparent bottom end till the bottom surface of the workbench, and the product and the bottom of the groove keep a vertical gap of 25-100 μm (determined by the thickness of the slice layer during printing), the projection light of the projector is contacted with the liquid photosensitive resin after penetrating through the bottom of the transparent groove, the liquid photosensitive resin contacted with the light is instantly polymerized and solidified, and the liquid photosensitive resin which is not in contact with the light is kept in a liquid state, so that one layer of the liquid photosensitive resin is formed.
Thirdly, driving a workbench to move upwards by 25-100 micrometers (determined by the thickness of a slicing layer during printing) by a Z-axis linear motor 3, and forming the next layer; or the Z-axis linear motor 3 drives the workbench to move upwards above the material groove opening, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet 28 pops out of the limiting hole of the rotating disc 7 to be loosened and limited, the first rotary servo motor 29 works to realize that the workbench 5 rotates 90 degrees clockwise on the horizontal plane according to the requirement of matched materials, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet 28 enters the limiting hole 7-3 of the rotating disc 7 to be limited at the moment, the workbench 5 driven by the Z-axis linear motor of the 3D printer enters the third material groove 9 with a transparent bottom end till the bottom surface of the third material groove, a product and the bottom surface of the groove keep a vertical gap of 25-100 mu m (determined by the thickness of a slicing layer during printing), projection light of the projector is contacted with the liquid photosensitive resin after penetrating through the bottom of the transparent material groove, the liquid photosensitive resin in light contact is polymerized and solidified instantly, and the liquid photosensitive resin not contacted with the light still keeps liquid state, and realizing one-layer molding of the liquid photosensitive resin.
Fourthly, the workbench is driven by the Z-axis linear motor 3 to move upwards by 25-100 micrometers (determined by the thickness of a slicing layer during printing), and the next layer is formed; or the Z-axis linear motor 3 drives the workbench to move upwards above the material groove opening, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet 28 pops out of the limiting hole of the rotating disc 7 to be loosened for limiting, the first rotary servo motor 29 works to realize that the workbench 5 rotates 90 degrees clockwise on the horizontal plane according to the requirement of matched materials, at the moment, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet 28 enters the limiting hole of the rotating disc 7 for limiting, the workbench 5 driven by the Z-axis linear motor of the 3D printer enters the fourth material groove 9 with a transparent bottom end till the bottom surface of the workbench, and the product and the bottom of the groove keep a vertical gap of 25-100 μm (determined by the thickness of the slice layer during printing), the projection light of the projector is contacted with the liquid photosensitive resin after penetrating through the bottom of the transparent groove, the liquid photosensitive resin contacted with the light is instantly polymerized and solidified, and the liquid photosensitive resin which is not in contact with the light is kept in a liquid state, so that one layer of the liquid photosensitive resin is formed.
The light curing 3D printing multi-material forming can be realized by alternately repeating the steps, and the material is ensured to correspond to the light wave with the optimal specific wavelength and energy.
The rotating shaft of the lens 25 is in clearance fit with the shaft hole of the B-shaft bracket 13, the shaft of the B-shaft servo motor 22 and the rotating shaft of the lens are on the same circumference and are in fastening connection transmission by a B-shaft coupling 21, the B-shaft servo motor and the B-shaft bracket are in fastening connection through bolts, and the rotation of a light source emitted by the lens on the B shaft is realized by controlling the working state of the B-shaft servo motor 22;
the rotating shaft of the B-shaft bracket 13 is in clearance fit with the shaft hole of the A-shaft bracket 14, the shaft of the A-shaft servo motor 12 and the rotating shaft of the B-shaft bracket 13 are on the same axis and are in fastening connection transmission by the A-shaft coupling 11, the A-shaft servo motor and the A-shaft bracket are in fastening connection through bolts, and the rotation of the lens on the A shaft is realized by controlling the working state of the A-shaft servo motor 12;
the A-axis support 14 is fixedly connected with a primary axis of a Y-axis linear motor 15 through screws, two ends of a secondary axis of the Y-axis linear motor are fixed on an axis seat, the axis of the secondary axis is overlapped with the symmetry line of a rotating table, the axis seat is fixed on the rotating table 16 through screws, Y-axis guide rails 17 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the axis of the rotating table and are fixedly connected through screws, and the movement of a lens on the Y axis is realized by controlling the working state of the Y-axis linear motor 15;
the shaft of the rotary table 16 and the shaft of the rotary servo motor are on the same straight line and are in fastening connection transmission by a rotary shaft coupler, the second rotary servo motor 18 and the machine body base 19 are in fastening connection at a reserved position by screws, and the rotation of the lens on the horizontal plane is realized by controlling the working state of the second rotary servo motor 18; the mast 10 is mounted on a fuselage mount 19.
The linear motor has high transmission precision and can achieve micron-scale control; the solution tank is made of transparent resin material; the shaft guide rail is of a T-shaped structure; the servo motor rotates only within 0 to 360 degrees.
The device is formed by sequentially connecting a shaft seat, a Z-axis guide rail, a Z-axis linear motor, a cantilever, a workbench, a solution tank support, an upright post, a rotary servo motor, a B-axis coupler, a B-axis support, a lens, an A-axis servo motor, an A-axis coupler, an A-axis support, a Y-axis servo motor, a Y-axis guide rail, a rotary table, a rotary shaft coupler, a rotary servo motor and a machine body base from top to bottom into a whole.
Compare current photocuring 3D printing device, the main technical advantage of this device has following several:
1. because the optical machine has a plurality of degrees of freedom and can realize the printing of the inclined body with higher precision,
2. according to the shutdown composition flow chart of the invention, as shown in fig. 5, for a specific printing product, a mask plate is adopted for imaging to replace a Digital Micromirror Device (DMD), and the rotating motion of an optical machine is driven, so that the cost is reduced, the printing precision is improved, and large-area scanning can be realized
3. The invention is provided with 4 fixed light sources corresponding to 4 fixed printing grooves and 1 printing worktable mechanism capable of rotating and switching, and can realize multi-material printing so as to enhance the mechanical properties and the like of printed products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the device of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partial assembly view of the device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a structural view of the linear motor.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of the optical-mechanical components of the device and a flow chart.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the above figures.
A multi-axis photocuring 3D printing device capable of realizing mixed material use comprises an axle seat 1, a Z-axis guide rail 2, a Z-axis linear motor 3, a cantilever 4, a workbench 5, a rotating disk 7, a trough 9, a trough support 8, a rotating upright post 6, a B-axis servo motor 22, a B-axis coupling 21, a B-axis support 13, a lens 25, an A-axis servo motor 12, an A-axis coupling 11, an A-axis support 14, a Y-axis linear motor 15, a Y-axis guide rail 17, a rotating platform 16, a rotating platform coupling 23, a second rotating servo motor 18 and a machine body base 19. There are four bins 9.
The shaft seat 1 is fixedly connected with the rotating upright post 6 through screws, and the Z-axis guide rail 2 is parallel to and coincided with the vertical direction of the rotating upright post 6 and is fixedly connected with the rotating upright post through screws; two ends of a Z-axis linear motor 3 are fixed on the shaft seat 1, a primary Z-axis linear motor 26 and a Z-axis guide rail are in clearance fit guiding, the length direction of a cantilever 4 is vertical to the moving direction of the Z-axis linear motor 3, and one end of the cantilever 4 is overlapped with the primary Z-axis linear motor 26 and is fixedly connected with the primary Z-axis linear motor through a screw; the cantilever 4 is fastened and connected with the workbench 5 through a screw, and the solution tank bracket 8 is vertical to the rotary upright post 6 and is fastened and connected with the screw; the solution tank 9 and the solution tank bracket 8 are in clearance fit and can be taken out; the movement of the worktable on the Z axis is realized by controlling the working state of the Z axis linear motor 3;
the center hole of the rotating disk 7 is in the same straight line with the output shaft of the first rotary servo motor 29, and the body of the servo motor 29 is embedded into the inner groove of the rotating disk 7, so that the rotating disk is fixed; a motor shaft of a first rotary servo motor 29 is connected with the upright post 10 and is tightly connected and driven by a rotary shaft coupling 23; the first rotary servo motor 29 and the upright post 10 are fixedly connected at a reserved position through screws, the workbench 5 is rotated on a horizontal plane by controlling the working state of the first rotary servo motor 29, the workbench rotates to a position above the first material groove 9, and the limiting shaft of the push-pull type electromagnet 28 enters the limiting hole of the rotating disc 7;
the first material tank 9 is filled with liquid photosensitive resin A, and the optimal wavelength of the first optical machine 25 below is adjusted according to the liquid photosensitive resin A; the second trough 9 contains liquid photosensitive resin B, and the optimal wavelength of the second optical machine 25 below is adjusted according to the liquid photosensitive resin B; the third trough 9 contains liquid photosensitive resin C, and the optimal wavelength of the third optical machine 25 below is adjusted according to the liquid photosensitive resin C; the fourth trough 9 contains liquid photosensitive resin D, and the optimal wavelength of the fourth optical machine 25 below is adjusted according to the liquid photosensitive resin D;
in the first step, a limit shaft of the push-pull electromagnet 28 enters a limit hole of the rotating disc 7 to be in a limit state, the workbench 5 driven by the Z-axis linear motor of the 3D printer enters the first trough 9 with a transparent bottom end until the bottom surface of the workbench keeps a vertical gap of 25-100 micrometers (determined by the thickness of a slice layer during printing), and projection light of the projector contacts with liquid photosensitive resin after penetrating through the bottom of the transparent trough. At this time, the liquid photosensitive resin in contact with light is instantaneously polymerized and cured, and the liquid photosensitive resin not in contact with light is still kept in a liquid state, so that one-layer molding of the liquid photosensitive resin is realized.
Secondly, driving a workbench to move upwards by 25-100 micrometers (determined by the thickness of a slicing layer during printing) by a Z-axis linear motor 3, and forming the next layer; or the Z-axis linear motor 3 drives the workbench to move upwards above the material groove opening, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet 28 pops out of the limiting hole 7 of the rotating disc 7 to be loosened and limited, the first rotary servo motor 29 works to realize that the workbench 5 rotates clockwise 90 degrees on the horizontal plane according to the requirement of matched materials, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet 28 enters the limiting hole of the rotating disc 7 to be limited at the moment, the workbench 5 driven by the Z-axis linear motor of the 3D printer enters the second material groove 9 with a transparent bottom end to the bottom surface of the second material groove, a product and the bottom surface of the groove keep a vertical gap of 25-100 mu m (determined by the thickness of a slicing layer during printing), projection light of the projector is contacted with the liquid photosensitive resin after penetrating through the bottom of the transparent material groove, the liquid photosensitive resin in light contact is instantly polymerized and solidified, and the liquid photosensitive resin not contacted with the light is still kept in a liquid state, and realizing one-layer molding of the liquid photosensitive resin.
Thirdly, driving a workbench to move upwards by 25-100 micrometers (determined by the thickness of a slicing layer during printing) by a Z-axis linear motor 3, and forming the next layer; or the Z-axis linear motor 3 drives the workbench to move upwards above the material groove opening, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet 28 pops out of the limiting hole of the rotating disc 7 to be loosened for limiting, the first rotary servo motor 29 works to realize that the workbench 5 rotates 90 degrees clockwise on the horizontal plane according to the requirement of matched materials, at the moment, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet 28 enters the limiting hole of the rotating disc 7 for limiting, the workbench 5 driven by the Z-axis linear motor of the 3D printer enters the third material groove 9 with a transparent bottom end until the bottom surface of the third material groove, and the product and the bottom of the groove keep a vertical gap of 25-100 μm (determined by the thickness of the slice layer during printing), the projection light of the projector is contacted with the liquid photosensitive resin after penetrating through the bottom of the transparent groove, the liquid photosensitive resin contacted with the light is instantly polymerized and solidified, and the liquid photosensitive resin which is not in contact with the light is kept in a liquid state, so that one layer of the liquid photosensitive resin is formed.
Fourthly, driving the workbench to move upwards by 25-100 micrometers (determined by the thickness of the slicing layer during printing) by the Z-axis linear motor 3, and forming the next layer; or the Z-axis linear motor 3 drives the workbench to move upwards above the material groove opening, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet 28 pops out of the limiting hole of the rotating disc 7 to be loosened for limiting, the first rotary servo motor 29 works to realize that the workbench 5 rotates 90 degrees clockwise on the horizontal plane according to the requirement of matched materials, at the moment, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet 28 enters the limiting hole of the rotating disc 7 for limiting, the workbench 5 driven by the Z-axis linear motor of the 3D printer enters the fourth material groove 9 with a transparent bottom end till the bottom surface of the workbench, and the product and the bottom of the groove keep a vertical gap of 25-100 μm (determined by the thickness of the slice layer during printing), the projection light of the projector is contacted with the liquid photosensitive resin after penetrating through the bottom of the transparent groove, the liquid photosensitive resin contacted with the light is instantly polymerized and solidified, and the liquid photosensitive resin which is not in contact with the light is kept in a liquid state, so that one layer of the liquid photosensitive resin is formed.
The light curing 3D printing multi-material forming can be realized by alternately repeating the steps, and the material is ensured to correspond to the light wave with the optimal specific wavelength and energy.
The rotating shaft of the lens 25 is in clearance fit with the shaft hole of the B-shaft bracket 13, the shaft of the B-shaft servo motor 22 and the rotating shaft of the lens are on the same circumference and are in fastening connection transmission by a B-shaft coupling 21, the B-shaft servo motor and the B-shaft bracket are in fastening connection through bolts, and the rotation of a light source emitted by the lens on the B shaft is realized by controlling the working state of the B-shaft servo motor 22;
the rotating shaft of the B-shaft bracket 13 is in clearance fit with the shaft hole of the A-shaft bracket 14, the shaft of the A-shaft servo motor 12 and the rotating shaft of the B-shaft bracket 13 are on the same axis and are in fastening connection transmission by the A-shaft coupling 11, the A-shaft servo motor and the A-shaft bracket are in fastening connection through bolts, and the rotation of the lens on the A shaft is realized by controlling the working state of the A-shaft servo motor 12;
the A-axis support 14 is fixedly connected with a primary axis of a Y-axis linear motor 15 through screws, two ends of a secondary axis of the Y-axis linear motor are fixed on an axis seat, the axis of the secondary axis is overlapped with the symmetry line of a rotating table, the axis seat is fixed on the rotating table 16 through screws, Y-axis guide rails 17 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the axis of the rotating table and are fixedly connected through screws, and the movement of a lens on the Y axis is realized by controlling the working state of the Y-axis linear motor 15;
the shaft of the rotary table 16 and the shaft of the rotary servo motor are on the same straight line and are in fastening connection transmission by a rotary shaft coupler, the second rotary servo motor 18 and the machine body base 19 are in fastening connection at a reserved position by screws, and the rotation of the lens on the horizontal plane is realized by controlling the working state of the second rotary servo motor 18;
the linear motor has high transmission precision and can achieve micron-scale control; the solution tank is made of transparent resin material; the shaft guide rail is of a T-shaped structure; the servo motor only rotates within 0 to 360 degrees; the structure of the linear motor is shown in figure 4;
the device is formed by sequentially connecting a shaft seat, a Z-axis guide rail, a Z-axis linear motor, a cantilever, a workbench, a solution tank support, an upright post, a rotary servo motor, a B-axis coupler, a B-axis support, a lens, an A-axis servo motor, an A-axis coupler, an A-axis support, a Y-axis servo motor, a Y-axis guide rail, a rotary table, a rotary shaft coupler, a rotary servo motor and a machine body base from top to bottom into a whole.
The device optical machine 25 is composed and a flow chart, as shown in fig. 5, and the main functions of each part are as follows:
firstly, selecting a proper liquid material according to the performance of a designed part, and pouring the selected resin liquid material into a solution tank; the designed parameters and the sliced three-dimensional model are guided into a machine, the model required by the machine is selected, the machine is started by pressing, the Y axis, the Z axis, the A axis and the B axis of the machine return to the origin of reference coordinates, a processor in the machine is processed according to the set model, light is emitted by a lens, the illuminated material is rapidly solidified, the material in the non-illuminated place is still in the original state, the machine can realize the movement of a part in the Y axis and the X axis and the rotation of the light emitted by the lens around the A axis and the B axis according to the processing requirement of the three-dimensional model of a product, so that multi-axis linkage is realized, a workbench can enter different liquid tanks by rotating a rotary upright post, and different liquid tanks are selected according to the performance of the part. When the next layer is processed, the workbench automatically ascends one layer according to the parameters to process the next layer, the machine stops working after the last layer is processed, the part is finished at the moment, the part stops on the liquid material, the worker can take down the part at the moment, and when the next part is printed, the worker only needs to press the start key.
Note that: the origin of the reference coordinate of the machine is Z, Y, A, B axes, so that the lens is opposite to the center right below the solution tank and the workbench is coincided with the bottom of the solution tank.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a can realize multiaxis photocuring 3D printing device that hybrid material used which characterized in that: the shaft seat (1) is tightly connected with the rotating upright post (6) through screws, and the Z-axis guide rail (2) is parallel to and overlapped with the vertical direction of the rotating upright post (6) and is tightly connected with the rotating upright post through screws; two ends of a Z-axis linear motor (3) are fixed on the shaft seat (1), a Z-axis linear motor primary (26) and a Z-axis guide rail are in clearance fit guiding, the length direction of a cantilever (4) is vertical to the moving direction of the Z-axis linear motor (3), and one end of the cantilever (4) is superposed with the Z-axis linear motor primary (26) and is fixedly connected with the same through a screw; the cantilever (4) is fixedly connected with the workbench (5) through screws, and the solution tank bracket (8) is vertical to the rotary upright post (6) and is fixedly connected with the rotary upright post through screws; the trough (9) and the solution trough bracket (8) are in clearance fit; the movement of the worktable on the Z axis is realized by controlling the working state of the Z axis linear motor (3); a rotating disc (7) is arranged between the rotating upright post (6) and the upright post (10); the number of the material troughs (9) is four, and the four material troughs (9) are dispersedly arranged on the periphery of the rotating disc (7);
the center hole of the rotating disc (7) and the output shaft of the first rotating servo motor (29) are on the same straight line, and the body of the first rotating servo motor (29) is embedded into the inner groove of the rotating disc (7) to fix the rotating disc; a motor shaft of a first rotary servo motor (29) is connected with the upright post (10) and is tightly connected and transmitted by a rotary table coupling (23); a first rotary servo motor (29) and the upright post (10) are fixedly connected at a reserved position by screws, the workbench (5) rotates on the horizontal plane by controlling the working state of the first rotary servo motor (29), the workbench rotates to the position above the first trough (9), and a limiting shaft of a push-pull electromagnet (28) enters a limiting hole of the rotating disk (7); the rotating shaft of the lens is in clearance fit with the shaft hole of the B-shaft bracket (13), the shaft of the B-shaft servo motor (22) and the rotating shaft of the lens are on the same circumference and are in fastening connection transmission by a B coupling (21), the B-shaft servo motor and the B-shaft bracket are in fastening connection by bolts, and the rotation of a light source emitted by the lens on the B shaft is realized by controlling the working state of the B-shaft servo motor (22); the rotating shaft of the B-shaft bracket (13) is in clearance fit with the shaft hole of the A-shaft bracket (14), the shaft of the A-shaft servo motor (12) and the rotating shaft of the B-shaft bracket (13) are on the same axis and are in fastening connection transmission by the A-shaft coupling (11), the A-shaft servo motor and the A-shaft bracket are in fastening connection by bolts, and the rotation of the lens on the A-shaft is realized by controlling the working state of the A-shaft servo motor (12);
the A-axis support (14) is tightly connected with a primary axis of a Y-axis linear motor (15) through screws, two secondary ends of the Y-axis linear motor are fixed on an axis seat, the axis of the secondary axis of the Y-axis linear motor is overlapped with the symmetry line of the rotating table, the axis seat is fixed on the rotating table (16) through screws, Y-axis guide rails (17) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the axis of the rotating table and are tightly connected through screws, and the movement of the lens on the Y axis is realized by controlling the working state of the Y-axis linear motor (15).
2. The multi-axis photocuring 3D printing device capable of realizing mixing of materials as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the first material tank (9) is filled with liquid photosensitive resin A, and the wavelength of a first optical machine (25) below is adjusted according to the liquid photosensitive resin A; the second trough (9) is filled with liquid photosensitive resin B, and the wavelength of a second optical machine (25) below is adjusted according to the liquid photosensitive resin B; the third trough (9) is filled with liquid photosensitive resin C, and the wavelength of a third optical machine (25) below is adjusted according to the liquid photosensitive resin C; the fourth trough (9) is filled with liquid photosensitive resin D, and the wavelength of the fourth optical machine (25) below is adjusted according to the liquid photosensitive resin D.
3. The multi-axis photocuring 3D printing device capable of realizing mixing of materials as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the shaft of the rotating platform (16) and the shaft of the second rotary servo motor are on the same straight line and are in fastening connection transmission through a rotating shaft coupler, the second rotary servo motor (18) and a machine body base (19) are in fastening connection at a reserved position through screws, and the rotation of the lens on the horizontal plane is realized by controlling the working state of the second rotary servo motor (18); the upright post (10) is arranged on a machine body base (19).
4. The multi-axis photocuring 3D printing device capable of realizing mixing of materials as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the shaft guide rail is of a T-shaped structure; the servo motor rotates within 0 to 360 degrees.
5. A multi-axis photocuring 3D printing method for achieving hybrid materials using the apparatus of claim 1, wherein: firstly, a limiting shaft of a push-pull electromagnet (28) enters a limiting hole of a rotating disc (7) to be in a limiting state, a workbench (5) driven by a Z-axis linear motor of a 3D printer enters a first trough (9) with a transparent bottom end until a vertical gap of 25-100 mu m is kept between the bottom surface of the workbench and the bottom surface of the trough, and projection light of a projector is contacted with liquid photosensitive resin after penetrating through the bottom of the transparent trough; at the moment, the liquid photosensitive resin in optical contact is instantly polymerized and cured, and the liquid photosensitive resin not in optical contact is still kept in a liquid state, so that one layer of the liquid photosensitive resin is formed;
secondly, driving a workbench to move upwards by 25-100 microns by a Z-axis linear motor (3) to form a next layer; or the Z-axis linear motor (3) drives the workbench to move upwards above the trough opening, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet (28) pops out of the limiting hole of the rotating disc (7) to be loosened and limited, the first rotary servo motor (29) works to realize that the workbench (5) rotates clockwise 90 degrees on the horizontal plane according to the requirement of matched materials, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet (28) enters the limiting hole (7-3) of the rotating disc (7) to be limited at the moment, the workbench (5) driven by the Z-axis linear motor of the 3D printer enters the second trough (9) with a transparent bottom end to the bottom surface of the second trough, a vertical gap of 25-100 mu m is kept between a product and the bottom surface of the trough, the projection light of the projector is contacted with the liquid photosensitive resin after penetrating through the bottom of the transparent trough, the liquid photosensitive resin in optical contact is instantly polymerized and cured, and the liquid photosensitive resin not in optical contact is still kept in a liquid state, realizing one-layer molding of the liquid photosensitive resin;
thirdly, driving a workbench to move upwards by 25-100 microns by a Z-axis linear motor (3) to form the next layer; or the workbench is driven by the Z-axis linear motor (3) to move upwards above the trough opening, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet (28) pops out of the limiting hole of the rotating disc (7) to be loosened and limited, the first rotary servo motor (29) works to realize that the workbench (5) rotates clockwise 90 degrees on the horizontal plane according to the requirement of matched materials, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet (28) enters the limiting hole of the rotating disc (7) to be limited at the moment, the workbench (5) driven by the Z-axis linear motor of the 3D printer enters the third trough (9) with a transparent bottom end till the bottom surface of the third trough, a vertical gap of 25-100 mu m is kept between a product and the bottom surface of the trough, the projection light of the projector is contacted with the liquid photosensitive resin after penetrating through the bottom of the transparent trough, the liquid photosensitive resin in light contact is polymerized and solidified instantly, and the liquid photosensitive resin not contacted with the light is kept in a liquid state, realizing one-layer molding of the liquid photosensitive resin;
fourthly, the workbench is driven by the Z-axis linear motor (3) to move upwards for 25-100 mu m, and the next layer is formed; or the workbench is driven by the Z-axis linear motor (3) to move upwards above the trough opening, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet (28) pops out of the limiting hole of the rotating disc (7) to be loosened and limited, the first rotary servo motor (29) works to realize that the workbench (5) rotates clockwise 90 degrees on the horizontal plane according to the requirement of matched materials, the limiting shaft of the push-pull electromagnet (28) enters the limiting hole of the rotating disc (7) to be limited at the moment, the workbench (5) driven by the Z-axis linear motor of the 3D printer enters the fourth trough (9) with a transparent bottom end to the bottom surface of the fourth trough, a vertical gap of 25-100 mu m is kept between a product and the bottom surface of the trough, the projection light of the projector is contacted with the liquid photosensitive resin after penetrating through the bottom of the transparent trough, the liquid photosensitive resin in light contact is polymerized and cured instantly, and the liquid photosensitive resin not contacted with the light is kept in a liquid state, realizing one-layer molding of the liquid photosensitive resin;
and the photocuring 3D printing multi-material molding is realized alternately and repeatedly, and the corresponding wavelength and light wave of the material are ensured.
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| WO2022220751A1 (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-10-20 | Nanyang Technological University | Additive manufacturing system, methods of forming the same and of forming a composite structure |
| FR3128151A1 (en) * | 2021-10-19 | 2023-04-21 | Material & Medical Solutions | Apparatus and method for forming a three-dimensional object |
| CN114347478A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-15 | 中国科学院空间应用工程与技术中心 | Cleaning device and method for multi-material 3D printing |
| CN117507354A (en) * | 2024-01-04 | 2024-02-06 | 杭州云栖交叉技术研究院 | Multi-station layer-by-layer forming system based on rotary carrier |
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