CN111528788A - Portable detecting instrument for evaluating visual fatigue degree - Google Patents
Portable detecting instrument for evaluating visual fatigue degree Download PDFInfo
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- CN111528788A CN111528788A CN202010459691.7A CN202010459691A CN111528788A CN 111528788 A CN111528788 A CN 111528788A CN 202010459691 A CN202010459691 A CN 202010459691A CN 111528788 A CN111528788 A CN 111528788A
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- A61B3/00—Apparatus for testing the eyes; Instruments for examining the eyes
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Abstract
The utility model provides an evaluation visual fatigue's portable detecting instrument, on original detection technology's basis, rely on eyeball tracking technology, through detecting the pupil respectively, the position of light spot is reflected to the cornea, obtain the coordinate of the two, calculate cornea reflection vector, then carry out the function fitting according to the corresponding relation of point of fixation and pupil-cornea reflection vector, progressively reach eyeball point of fixation, the frequency that the eyeball was tracked, the degree of visual fatigue that reachs of last accuracy, can be more accurate convenient measurement user's visual fatigue degree, and broken through the restriction of age, require lowly to the testee, only need some cooperation can accomplish visual fatigue and detect, and the volume is less, and portable, do benefit to the popularization, be favorable to eyesight protection to a certain extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of visual health, in particular to a portable detecting instrument for evaluating visual fatigue degree.
Background
Visual fatigue is a syndrome of general malaise such as headache, vertigo, and hypodynamia, which is caused by long-term improper eye use, such as high-tension close-distance visual observation, eye blurring, eye swelling, dryness, lacrimation, and eye socket ache after fixation of target flicker, over-high/under-low brightness, and over-use of eye.
The latest statistical data show that China has entered the eye overuse era of the whole population at present: at present, the number of people with visual fatigue is as high as 1.5 hundred million. People who keep eyes focused within one meter range all the time are the main population suffering from visual fatigue, such as students, word workers, office population and IT practitioners.
Visual fatigue may cause people myopia deepening, double vision, easy serial reading, and inability to concentrate attention, which affects the learning and working efficiency of people. From myopia of China alone, the myopia rate of junior and middle school students is increased from 48.18% to 74.36%, the myopia rate of senior high school students is increased from 71.29% to 83.28%, and the myopia rate of university students is increased from 73.01% to 86.36%, so that the continuous increase of poor eyesight of teenagers can be seen, and visual fatigue is a great part of factors. In addition, visual fatigue can also cause deviations when fitting the glasses, resulting in inaccurate measured readings. Therefore, the degree of the visual fatigue can be quickly and accurately detected, the visual fatigue can be more timely relieved, and the adverse effect on life is reduced.
At present, the technology for detecting the fatigue of human eyes mainly detects the fatigue of human eyes by detecting the blinking frequency of the human eyes, and the basis of the technology is as follows: when the eyes of the user are tired, the number of blinking motions of the human eyes is reduced. However, there may be many problems such as environmental problems (light source, dust), and user's eye problems (dry eye syndrome, eye stones, and hordeolum) that cause the technology to fail to use a standard to determine whether eye muscle represented by each individual blink is tired, to fail to accurately grasp the degree of visual fatigue, and to generate misjudgment.
Eyeball tracking is a scientific application technology, and a user can turn pages without touching a screen. In principle, eyeball tracking mainly studies on acquisition, modeling and simulation of eyeball motion information, and has wide application. Besides infrared equipment, the equipment for acquiring the eyeball motion information can also be image acquisition equipment, even a camera on a common computer or a mobile phone, and eyeball tracking can be realized under the support of software. When the eyes of a person look at different directions, the eyes can slightly change, the changes can generate extractable features, and the computer can extract the features through image capturing or scanning, so that the changes of the eyes can be tracked in real time, the state and the demand of a user can be predicted, the response is carried out, and the purpose of controlling the equipment by the eyes is achieved.
The principle of the existing domestic product of the flash fusion frequency instrument manufactured by the light fusion frequency method is that 25 times/s can be distinguished under normal conditions according to human eyes. Below this number, e.g., 16 or 18, flashes higher than this threshold merge together into a continuous spot, with no flicker visible. Thus, the change in the number of distinguishable flashes can be used to measure the degree of visual fatigue. However, the subjective judgment proportion of the person in the detection method is large, and the detection accuracy is inevitably influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The method aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, fatigue of human eyes is mainly detected by detecting the blinking frequency of the human eyes, whether eye muscle represented by blinking of each individual is tired or not is difficult to judge by using one standard, the degree of visual fatigue cannot be accurately mastered, and misjudgment is easy to generate. Meanwhile, the conventional visual fatigue detection instrument has the technical defects of large volume, complex operation, high requirement on the examined person and difficulty in popularization and application.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows: a portable detecting instrument for evaluating the visual fatigue degree comprises a main control module, wherein the main control module is connected with a display module, a visual stimulation output module, a signal input module, a signal output module and a visual module, and the visual stimulation output module and the display module;
a visual stimulus output module: receiving a control signal of the main control module to control the flicker frequency of the pattern on the display module;
a display module: receiving a control signal of the main control module, displaying a required pattern on the display module, and receiving and displaying an output result of the signal output module;
a signal input module: inputting a control signal to the main control module according to an external button;
a signal output module: receiving a signal of the main control module and outputting a detection result to the display module;
a vision module: shooting an image of the eye to be detected so as to obtain the positions of the light reflecting points of the detected pupil and the cornea, calculating to obtain the fixation point coordinate of the eye to be detected on the display module, judging whether the fixation point coordinate moves to the specified coordinate position in real time, and transmitting a signal to the main control module to finish detection if the fixation point coordinate moves to the specified coordinate position;
a main control module: and the input control signal of the signal input module is received and transmitted to the visual stimulation output module and the display module, and the detection ending signal of the visual module is received and the flicker frequency of the visual stimulation output module is transmitted to the signal output module.
The main control module comprises a singlechip.
The visual stimulation output module comprises an LED lamp and outputs PWM waves through a pin of the single chip microcomputer to control the flashing frequency.
The display module is a liquid crystal display screen.
The vision module comprises a camera and an image storage and operation module, the camera shoots an image of the eye to be detected and transmits the image to the image storage and operation module to calculate and obtain the fixation point coordinate, and the image storage and operation module judges whether the fixation point coordinate moves to the specified coordinate position in real time and sends a signal to the main control module.
The portable detection instrument is characterized by also comprising a function button module, wherein the function button module is connected with the signal input module and transmits signals to the main control module through the signal input module.
The function button module comprises a frequency adjusting button for adjusting the foot output PWM wave of the visual stimulation output module to control the flicker.
The liquid crystal display screen comprises a middle display area and side display areas positioned on two sides of the middle display area, and the visual stimulation output module outputs PWM waves through pins of the single chip microcomputer to control the flickering frequency of the middle display area.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a portable detecting instrument for evaluating visual fatigue degree, which is characterized in that based on the original detecting technology, the positions of light reflecting points of a pupil and a cornea are respectively detected by means of an eyeball tracking technology, the coordinates of the light reflecting points of the pupil and the cornea are obtained, a corneal reflection vector is calculated, then function fitting is carried out according to the corresponding relation between a fixation point and the pupil-corneal reflection vector, the frequency of eyeball fixation points and eyeball tracking is gradually obtained, and finally the visual fatigue degree is accurately obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the inventive structure.
Fig. 2 is an image normally seen after the pupil distance is adjusted and an image normally seen by binocular fusion.
FIG. 3 is an image of the subject of the present invention viewed by the left and right eyes, respectively.
Fig. 4 is a picture of the subject of the present invention before the fusion is broken after the subject starts testing.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the pupil-cornea light mapping point identification technology of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the present invention patent.
FIG. 7 is code for image capture of the present invention patent.
Fig. 8 is a circuit diagram of the timer of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a detailed flow chart of the use of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an OpenMV machine vision module of the present invention.
Wherein, 1-forehead support; 2-pupillary distance knob; 3- "fuse image" button; 4-startup button, 5-frequency adjusting area, 6-display screen; 7- "pupil distance" button; 8- "flash" button; 9- "reset" button; 10. connecting a frequency adjusting button; 11. connecting a function button area; 12. a single chip microcomputer; 13. receiving a star pattern; 14. receiving a panda pattern; 15. an openmv vision module is connected.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, the present invention is further described, wherein a portable testing device for evaluating the degree of visual fatigue comprises a main control module, wherein the main control module is connected with a display module, a visual stimulation output module, a signal input module, a signal output module and a visual module, and the visual stimulation output module and the display module;
a visual stimulus output module: receiving a control signal of the main control module to control the flicker frequency of the pattern on the display module;
a display module: receiving a control signal of the main control module, displaying a required pattern on the display module, and receiving and displaying an output result of the signal output module;
a signal input module: inputting a control signal to the main control module according to an external button;
a signal output module: receiving a signal of the main control module and outputting a detection result to the display module;
a vision module: shooting an image of the eye to be detected so as to obtain the positions of the light reflecting points of the detected pupil and the cornea, calculating to obtain the fixation point coordinate of the eye to be detected on the display module, judging whether the fixation point coordinate moves to the specified coordinate position in real time, and transmitting a signal to the main control module to finish detection if the fixation point coordinate moves to the specified coordinate position;
a main control module: and the input control signal of the signal input module is received and transmitted to the visual stimulation output module and the display module, and the detection ending signal of the visual module is received and the flicker frequency of the visual stimulation output module is transmitted to the signal output module.
The main control module comprises a singlechip.
The visual stimulation output module comprises an LED lamp and outputs PWM waves through a pin of the single chip microcomputer to control the flashing frequency.
The display module is a liquid crystal display screen, the liquid crystal display screen comprises a middle display area and side display areas positioned on two sides of the middle display area, and the visual stimulation output module outputs PWM waves through pins of a single chip microcomputer to control the flashing frequency of the middle display area.
The vision module comprises a camera and an image storage and operation module, the camera shoots an image of the eye to be detected and transmits the image to the image storage and operation module to calculate and obtain the fixation point coordinate, and the image storage and operation module judges whether the fixation point coordinate moves to the specified coordinate position in real time and sends a signal to the main control module. The vision module is specifically an OpenMV machine vision module, carries a camera and a MicroPython interpreter, and can realize the identification and analysis of images by using Python programming. A database is built at the later stage, the position information of the light reflecting points of the eye pupils and the corneas of different eyes under different fixation conditions is collected, the information is displayed in a coordinate mode, a1-a5 and b1-b5 are unknown parameters in the position information, a fitting function can be solved by a statistical method under the condition that a large amount of position information is obtained, and quantitative relation between a vector and the fixation point is built. The camera continuously takes pictures of the eyes at certain time intervals (scanning frequency). And analyzing the shot photos according to the program to obtain the required information.
The portable detection instrument is characterized by also comprising a function button module, wherein the function button module is connected with the signal input module and transmits signals to the main control module through the signal input module.
The function button module comprises a frequency adjusting button for adjusting the foot output PWM wave of the visual stimulation output module to control the flicker.
Specifically, the portable detecting instrument for evaluating the visual fatigue degree comprises an eyepiece, a forehead rest, a display screen, a battery, a pupil distance knob, a functional button area and frequency adjustment.
The eyepiece is used for enabling the examinee to watch the test pattern so as to better fuse the image;
the forehead support is made of austenitic stainless steel, has good plasticity, toughness and corrosion resistance, is light and durable, can be better attached to the head, and keeps stability;
the display screen is used for displaying the initial frequency of the test, the frequency of the tested eyes and the fatigue degree after the test;
the battery is a lithium ion rechargeable battery and can be continuously used for 24 hours by an instrument under full charge;
the function button area comprises a pupil distance button, a fusion button, a flashing button, a reset button and a power-on button, and can realize each function.
The pupil distance button can start the pupil distance adjusting function so as to detect the examinees with different pupil distances.
The pupil distance knob can adjust the distance between the two eyepieces, is convenient for detecting examinees with different pupil distances, and can ensure the accuracy of detection;
the image fusion button can detect whether the binocular image fusion of the tested person is normal or not, and whether the invention is applied to the detection or not can ensure the correctness of the result;
the flashing button is equivalent to the confirmation button of the invention, and can promote the application of the invention;
the reset button can reset the invention and carry out the test again;
the starting button can start the invention;
the pupil distance knob can adjust the distance between the two eyepieces, is convenient for detecting examinees with different pupil distances, and can ensure the accuracy of detection;
the frequency adjustment can be used for setting the starting frequency.
The method comprises the following steps:
1. during the use, press start button (4), examiner holds the instrument and places in the person's eye in front, and the order person's forehead hugs closely forehead and holds (1). Adjusted to the appropriate position, the test can begin. Pressing the 'interpupillary distance' button (7), adjusting the interpupillary distance knob (number 2) to make the examinee see a pentagram pattern in the center of the visual field when watching the front with both eyes, and adjusting to the proper interpupillary distance range of the examinee. Pressing ' fuse ' button (3), inquiring the examinee's visual field has several patterns, the purpose is to check whether the examinee can normally fuse 4. if not seeing the single pattern all the time, the product is not suitable for the examinee if the examinee answers only one pattern in the visual field, the fuse function is normal, the visual fatigue test can be carried out, then pressing ' flicker ' button (8), in the frequency adjusting area (5), selecting the starting frequency 35, pressing ' flicker ' button (8) again, then starting the test. If the single pattern can not be seen all the time, the product is not suitable for the examinee 5. when the test is finished, the number on the display screen (6) is not changed any more, and the flicker is continuously carried out for three times, so that the test is finished, and the examiner reads the number on the display screen, namely the threshold frequency of the examinee. And 6, the examiner presses the 'flicker' button again, the display displays the fatigue degree of the examinee, the fatigue degree appears on the display screen in a number form, the display screen displays 01 when the fatigue degree is normal (more than 25 times/second), 02 when the fatigue degree is light (20-25 times/second), 03 when the fatigue degree is moderate (10-20 times/second), and 04 when the fatigue degree is severe (less than 10 times/second). And 7, after the inspection is finished, taking down the instrument, pressing a reset button (reference numeral 9), resetting the data, and performing next test.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that when the patterns alternately flash at a higher frequency, the eyes can normally fuse images, and eyeballs tend to watch panda patterns in the visual field; when the flicker frequency is reduced to the threshold frequency, the binocular fusion is broken, the eyeballs watch the non-flicker pentagram pattern, and the rotation of the eyeballs occurs. Therefore, the threshold frequency of the eye-resolved flicker pattern can be obtained by tracking the eyeball motion, and the visual fatigue degree of the examinee can be obtained through program analysis. The lower the threshold frequency, the more severe visual fatigue.
The invention monitors the gaze direction of eyes based on the pupil-cornea reflection point identification technology to track the movement of eyeballs, and the basic principle of the invention is to position the positions of pupil and cornea reflection points on an image in real time, establish a coordinate system, calculate pupil-cornea reflection vectors, and perform function fitting according to the corresponding relation between the positions of the gaze points on a screen and the pupil-cornea reflection vectors to obtain the sight line direction of a user, further obtain the gaze point of the user and judge whether the eyeballs rotate.
This method can be explained with reference to fig. 5.
The invention adopts a composite timing method to realize the timing for a longer time. The T/C0 is operated in a timer mode 1, the timing is 100ms, P0.0 is inverted after the timing time, namely, the P0.0 end outputs square wave pulse with the period of 200 ms. A counter mode 2 of T/C1 is additionally arranged, pulses output by T1 are counted, the time 1 is up, the end P0.0 is inverted, the state of the lamp is changed, and the flicker of the image is realized.
Wherein the pupil-cornea reflection vector mapping algorithm is as follows:
performing function fitting according to the corresponding relation between the position (x, y) of the fixation point on the screen and a pupil-cornea reflection vector (the starting point is the pupil center point, the end point is the center point of the reflection spot, and the coordinates of the vector are (x 1, y 1)), such as classical and most basic quadratic polynomial fitting: x = a + a1 x1+ a2 y1+ a3 x1 y1+ a4 x1 x 2+ a5 y1 y 2, y = b1 y1+ b2 x1+ b3 x1 y1+ b4 y1 x 2+ b5 x1 x 2, wherein a-a 5 and b-b 5 are unknown parameters. The process of the calibration correction process is a process of solving unknown parameters, and after the 12 parameters are obtained, the pupil-cornea reflection vector can be mapped into the fixation point coordinate of the user on the computer screen.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The skilled person should understand that: although the invention has been described in terms of the above specific embodiments, the inventive concept is not limited thereto and any modification applying the inventive concept is intended to be included within the scope of the patent claims.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A portable detecting instrument for evaluating the visual fatigue degree comprises a main control module, and is characterized in that the main control module is connected with a display module, a visual stimulation output module, a signal input module, a signal output module and a visual module, wherein the visual stimulation output module and the display module;
a visual stimulus output module: receiving a control signal of the main control module to control the flicker frequency of the pattern on the display module;
a display module: receiving a control signal of the main control module, displaying a required pattern on the display module, and receiving and displaying an output result of the signal output module;
a signal input module: inputting a control signal to the main control module according to an external button;
a signal output module: receiving a signal of the main control module and outputting a detection result to the display module;
a vision module: shooting an image of the eye to be detected so as to obtain the positions of the light reflecting points of the detected pupil and the cornea, calculating to obtain the fixation point coordinate of the eye to be detected on the display module, judging whether the fixation point coordinate moves to the specified coordinate position in real time, and transmitting a signal to the main control module to finish detection if the fixation point coordinate moves to the specified coordinate position;
a main control module: and the input control signal of the signal input module is received and transmitted to the visual stimulation output module and the display module, and the detection ending signal of the visual module is received and the flicker frequency of the visual stimulation output module is transmitted to the signal output module.
2. The portable testing instrument for evaluating the degree of visual fatigue of claim 1, wherein the main control module comprises a single chip microcomputer.
3. The portable detecting instrument for evaluating the degree of visual fatigue according to claim 2, wherein the visual stimulus output module comprises an LED lamp and a timer, and outputs a PWM wave through a pin of the single chip microcomputer to control the frequency of the flicker.
4. The portable testing instrument for evaluating the degree of visual fatigue of claim 1, wherein the display module is a liquid crystal display.
5. The portable detecting instrument for evaluating the degree of visual fatigue according to claim 1, wherein the visual module comprises a camera and an image storage and operation module, the camera shoots an image of the eye to be detected and transmits the image to the image storage and operation module to calculate and obtain the fixation point coordinate, and the image storage and operation module judges whether the fixation point coordinate moves to the designated coordinate position in real time and sends a signal to the main control module.
6. The portable testing apparatus for evaluating the degree of visual fatigue of claim 1, further comprising a function button module, wherein the function button module is connected to the signal input module and transmits a signal to the main control module through the signal input module.
7. The portable visual fatigue assessment instrument as claimed in claim 6, wherein the function button module comprises a frequency adjustment button for adjusting the foot output PWM wave of the visual stimulation output module to control the blinking.
8. The portable detecting instrument for evaluating the degree of visual fatigue according to claim 4, wherein the liquid crystal display screen comprises a middle display area and side display areas positioned at two sides of the middle display area, and the visual stimulation output module outputs PWM waves through a pin of the single chip microcomputer to control the frequency of the flicker of the middle display area.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010459691.7A CN111528788A (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Portable detecting instrument for evaluating visual fatigue degree |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010459691.7A CN111528788A (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2020-05-27 | Portable detecting instrument for evaluating visual fatigue degree |
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