CN111528263A

CN111528263A - Rotary fish grading device

Info

Publication number: CN111528263A
Application number: CN202010430718.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张鹏; 高飞; 张畅原; 迟蒙蒙
Original assignee: Dalian Polytechnic University
Current assignee: Dalian Polytechnic University
Priority date: 2020-05-20
Filing date: 2020-05-20
Publication date: 2020-08-14
Anticipated expiration: 2040-05-20
Also published as: CN111528263B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of fish processing equipment, and particularly relates to a rotary type fish grading device. The device comprises a main body frame, a driving device, a grading device and a fish receiving device. The main body frame is mainly formed by welding sectional materials and is used for connecting and fixing other devices; the driving device consists of a motor and a pair of gears and is used for providing power for the grading device; the grading device mainly comprises a rotating shaft, a circular slide rail and 16 arc-shaped baffle plate assemblies, wherein the arc-shaped baffle plate assemblies are hinged on the rotating shaft, the outer sides of the baffle plates are provided with idler wheels, the idler wheels are in contact with the circular slide rail, and the size of an opening of the baffle plate is controlled, so that the aim of grading the fish is fulfilled; the fish catching device is generally funnel-shaped, and the inside of the fish catching device is divided into different spaces by the plate thin plate for receiving fish of corresponding grades falling from the grading device. The rotary type fish sorting device adopts a rotary type sorting scheme, has the advantages of continuity, adjustability, simple structure and the like, has small damage to fish, and can greatly improve the processing efficiency and the processing quality of fish products.

Description

Rotary fish grading device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of fish processing equipment, and particularly relates to a rotary type fish grading device.

Background

Various fishes and fish products are widely favored by people due to delicious taste and rich nutrition. The fish classification is particularly important as a previous process of fish processing. The fish are classified into different grades according to the sizes, so that the subsequent processing or selling is facilitated, and the classification efficiency and the classification quality of the fish can directly influence the subsequent processing, so that the fish classification becomes a hot topic for the research of the fish processing industry.

In order to improve the efficiency and the quality of fish classification, some solutions and equipment are proposed at home and abroad successively, for example, patent CN201820490905.5 (atlantic salmon live fish classifying device), the working principle of the classifying device is to classify by a plurality of trapezoidal rollers arranged in parallel, the gap between two adjacent trapezoidal rollers is gradually increased from front to back, the damage of the fish can be greatly reduced by such a classifying mode, but because the trapezoidal rollers are shorter, the classifying precision is lower, if the trapezoidal rollers are lengthened, the rigidity is insufficient, the occupied area of the equipment can be increased, and the classifying grade can not be adjusted freely by such a device. As in patent CN 201510015002.2 (numerical control automatic fish classifier), the working principle is still classification by a classifying roller, and a section of the classifying roller can be controlled by a PLC circuit to move transversely to adjust the classification level. Further, as shown in patent CN201810843057.6 (a grading adjustment device for a live fish grading and screening machine), the device makes the horizontal rod on the sliding door contact with the metal block with an inclined plane through the rotation of the horizontal rotation device, so that the sliding door moves along the damping sliding groove, thereby changing the size of the opening between the sliding door and the vertical baffle plate, and completing the grading action, the device has high grading efficiency, but a large amount of friction is generated between the metal block with an inclined plane and the horizontal rod, which easily damages the equipment; when the horizontal bar is disengaged from the metal block and part of the body of the fish extends out of the opening between the sliding door and the vertical baffle but does not fall completely, the fish is injured and the integrity of the fish is damaged. Therefore, there is a need for a fish grading device that can not only ensure the efficiency and quality of fish grading, but also facilitate grade adjustment.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a rotary fish grading device which can ensure certain grading efficiency, greatly reduce the damage of fish in the grading process, and conveniently and accurately regulate the grade to adapt to different working conditions.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a rotary fish grading device comprises a main body frame 1, a driving device 2, a grading device 3 and a fish receiving device 4; the main body frame 1 is used for fixedly supporting other parts of the rotary fish grading device; the driving device 2 is positioned above the main body frame 1 and used for providing torque to enable the grading device 3 to do rotary motion; the grading device 3 is arranged inside the main body frame and is used for grading fish; the fish catching device 4 is located at the lower portion of the main body frame 1 for receiving and transporting the fish classified by the classifying device 3.

The main body frame 1 is formed by splicing square steel and comprises four supporting upright posts 11, a lower layer supporting frame 12, an upper layer supporting frame 13, a sliding rail supporting frame 14 and an adjusting boss 15; the lower support frame 12 is shaped like a Chinese character tian and is welded at the middle upper part of the support upright post 11, the center of the lower support frame is welded with a first bearing seat 121, and the bearing seat 121 is used for placing a tapered roller bearing to support the lower end of a shaft core 323 of the rotating shaft 32; the upper layer supporting frame 13 is shaped like a Chinese character 'tian', is arranged parallel to the lower layer supporting frame 12 and is overlapped with the projection of the lower layer supporting frame 12 in the vertical direction, the upper layer supporting frame 13 is fixed at the upper end of the supporting upright post 11 through a bolt, the grading device 3 is convenient to disassemble, a second bearing seat 131 is welded at the central position of the upper layer supporting frame 13, a roller bearing is arranged on the second bearing seat, and the second bearing seat is used for fixing the upper end of a shaft core 323 of the rotating shaft 32; the two groups of sliding rail supporting frames 14 are oppositely arranged on two sides of the main body frame 1, each sliding rail supporting frame 14 comprises two horizontal square steels which are arranged in parallel, the two horizontal square steels are connected through two vertical square steels at two ends, and the two ends of each vertical square steel are fixed between the upper layer supporting frame 13 and the lower layer supporting frame 12 through bolts; the two horizontal square steels of the slide rail support frame 14 are provided with a space for placing rectangular protrusions at two sides of the outer support frame 312 of the slide rail assembly 31, so that the outer support frame 312 slides between the horizontal square steels of the slide rail support frame 14 to change the center distance between the rotating shaft 32 and the circular slide rail 311, thereby adjusting the size of the grading range; the adjusting boss 15 is welded on the horizontal square steel of a sliding rail support 14, a knob is installed on the adjusting boss 15 through a screw, threads are arranged in a hole of the knob, the knob is matched with a stud 313 on the outer supporting frame 312 and used for adjusting the position of the circular sliding rail 311, and after the adjustment is finished, the knob is fixed on the adjusting boss 15 through the screw.

The driving device 2 comprises a driving gear 21, an alternating current asynchronous motor 22 and a motor bracket 23; the driving gear 21 is fixed on a main shaft of the alternating current asynchronous motor 22 through a flat key; the alternating current asynchronous motor 22 is fixed on the motor bracket 23 through a bolt; the motor support 23 is fixed on the upper support frame 13 of the main frame 1 through bolts, when assembling, the driving gear 21 is meshed with the driven gear 34 on the grading device 3, and the torque of the alternating current asynchronous motor 22 is transmitted to the grading device 3 through the driving gear 21 and the driven gear 34.

The grading device 3 comprises a sliding rail assembly 31, a rotating shaft 32, an arc-shaped plate assembly 33 and a driven gear 34, wherein the sliding rail assembly 31 comprises a circular sliding rail 311, an outer supporting frame 312 and a stud 313 for adjusting the grading range; the circular slide rail 311 is used for controlling the size of the opening of the arc-shaped plate component 33; the outer supporting frame 312 is wrapped and welded at the outer side of the circular sliding rail 311; the outer supporting frame 312 is a rectangular frame structure, a pair of sides of which are symmetrically provided with rectangular protrusions, and the stud 313 is welded in the center of the rectangular protrusion on one side of the outer supporting frame 312, and is matched with the adjusting boss 15 for fixing the sliding rail assembly 31.

The rotating shaft 32 comprises a rotating shaft inner ring 321, a rotating shaft outer ring 322, a shaft core 323, a support rod 324, a dividing plate 325, a fixed arc-shaped plate 326 and an arc-shaped plate assembly support 327; the rotating shaft inner ring 321 is fixed on the shaft core 323 through 6 support rods 324 in a welding mode, the rotating shaft outer ring 322 is fixed on the rotating shaft inner ring 321 through 16 partition plates 325 in a welding mode, a gap between the rotating shaft inner ring 321 and the rotating shaft outer ring 322 is divided into 16 spaces with the same size through the partition plates 325, each space is a grading unit, and the lower portion of each grading unit is welded with a fixed arc-shaped plate 326; the fixed arc-shaped plate 326 is welded on the inner ring 321 of the rotating shaft, the fixed arc-shaped plate 326 and the floating arc-shaped plate 331 are oppositely arranged to form an approximately elliptical opening, so that the direction of the fish body during grading can be conveniently controlled, and the two sides of the fish body can slide off along the arc-shaped plates at proper places; the illustrated arc plate assembly supports 327 have 16 pairs for mounting 16 sets of arc plate assemblies 33.

The arc plate assembly 33 comprises a floating arc plate 331, a roller bracket 332, a roller 333, a pin shaft bracket 334, a pin shaft 335 and a spring 336; the roller bracket 332 is welded in the middle of the upper part of the outer side of the floating arc-shaped plate 331, the roller bracket 332 is used for installing a roller 333, and the pin shaft brackets 334 are symmetrically welded in the middle of the upper part of the inner side of the floating arc-shaped plate 331 and used for installing pin shafts 335; the spring 336 is fitted over the pin 335, one side of the spring 336 abuts against the floating arc 331, and the other side of the spring 336 abuts against the outer race 322 of the rotating shaft when the arc assembly 33 is mounted on the rotating shaft 32, so that the spring 336 urges the arc assembly 33 toward the closed state, and the circular slide 311 pushes the roller 333 to urge the arc assembly 33 toward the open state when the rotating shaft 32 is rotated.

The upper end of the shaft core 323 passes through the second bearing seat 131 and is connected with the driven gear 34 through a flat key, so that the torque of the alternating current asynchronous motor 22 is transmitted to the grading device 3.

The fish receiving device 4 comprises a funnel support 41, a fish receiving funnel 42 and a funnel partition plate 43, wherein the lower part of the funnel support 41 is welded and fixed through three square steels so as to improve the bearing capacity of the funnel support 41; the fish receiving funnel 42 is divided into different spaces by the funnel partition plate 43 and used for containing fishes of different grades, and the lower part of each space corresponds to one hole and one short slideway, so that the fishes are conveniently unloaded into other containers.

The invention has the advantages that:

the rotary fish grading device provided by the invention is provided with 16 mutually independent grading units and can work without intermission, certain grading efficiency is ensured, the flexible part spring is added in the grading device, the damage to fish in the grading process can be greatly reduced, the grading device can smoothly move along the main body framework by rotating the knob, and accurate grading can be conveniently carried out so as to adapt to different working conditions.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rotary fish grading apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a main frame of a rotary fish grading apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a driving apparatus of a rotary fish classifying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of a rotary type fish classifying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a slide rail assembly of the rotary fish grading apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the structure of a rotary shaft of a rotary type fish classifying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an arc plate assembly of the rotary fish grading apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a fish receiving device of the rotary fish classifying device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1 a main body frame; 2 a driving device; 3, a grading device; 4, a fish receiving device; 11 supporting the upright post; 12 a lower layer support frame; 13 an upper layer support frame; 14 slide rail support frames; 15 adjusting the boss; 121 a first bearing seat; 131 a second bearing housing; 21 a drive gear; 22 alternating current asynchronous motor; 23 motor support; 31 a slide rail assembly; 32 a rotating shaft; 33 arc-shaped plate component; 34 a driven gear; 311 a circular slide rail; 312 outer support frame; 313 studs; 321, an inner ring of a rotating shaft; 322 the outer ring of the rotating shaft; 323 an axial core; 324 a support bar; 325 dividing the plate; 326 securing the arcuate plate; 327 an arcuate plate assembly support; 331 a floating arcuate plate; 332 a roller bracket; 333 rollers; 334 pin shaft brackets; 335 a pin shaft; 336 springs; 41 a funnel holder; 42, connecting a fish funnel; 43 funnel partition.

Detailed Description

The following further describes a specific embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings and technical solutions.

It is to be understood that the appended drawings are not to scale, but are merely drawn with appropriate simplifications to illustrate various features of the basic principles of the invention. Specific design features of the invention disclosed herein, including, for example, specific dimensions, orientations, locations, and configurations, will be determined in part by the particular intended application and use environment.

In the several figures of the drawings, identical or equivalent components (elements) are referenced with the same reference numerals.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a rotary fish grading apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, a rotary fish classifying device comprises a main frame 1, a driving device 2, a classifying device 3 and a fish receiving device 4. The main body frame 1 is used for fixedly supporting other parts of the rotary fish grading device; the driving device 2 is positioned above the main body frame 1 and used for providing torque to enable the grading device 3 to do rotary motion; the grading device 3 is arranged inside the main body frame and is used for grading fish; the fish catching device 4 is located at the lower portion of the main body frame 1 for receiving and transporting the fish classified by the classifying device 3.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a main frame of a rotary fish grading apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the main body frame 1 is mainly formed by splicing square steels, and includes four support columns 11, a lower support frame 12, an upper support frame 13, a slide rail support frame 14 and an adjusting boss 15, and the main body frame 1 is used for connecting and fixing other components of the rotary fish grading device; the lower support frame 12 is shaped like a Chinese character tian and is welded at the position above the middle of the support upright post 11, the center of the lower support frame is welded with a first bearing seat 121, and the bearing seat 121 is used for placing a tapered roller bearing, has better axial load capacity and is used for supporting the lower end of a shaft core 323 of the rotating shaft 32; the upper layer supporting frame 13 is shaped like a Chinese character 'tian', is arranged parallel to the lower layer supporting frame 12 and is overlapped with the projection of the lower layer supporting frame 12 in the vertical direction, the upper layer supporting frame 13 is fixed at the upper end of the supporting upright post 11 through a bolt so as to be convenient for disassembling the grading device 3, a second bearing seat 131 is welded at the central position of the upper layer supporting frame 13 and is provided with a roller bearing for fixing the upper end of a shaft core 323 of the rotating shaft 32; the two groups of the slide rail support frames 14 are oppositely arranged on two sides of the main body frame 1, the slide rail support frames 14 comprise two horizontal square steels which are arranged in parallel, the two horizontal square steels are connected through two vertical square steels at two ends, the two ends of each vertical square steel are fixed between the upper layer support frame 13 and the lower layer support frame 12 through bolts, and the two horizontal square steels of the slide rail support frames 14 are provided with intervals for placing rectangular convex parts at two sides of the outer support frame 312 of the slide rail assembly 31 so that the outer support frame 312 can freely slide between the horizontal square steels of the slide rail support frames 14, thus the center distance between the rotating shaft 32 and the circular slide rail 311 can be changed, and the size of the grading range can be adjusted; the adjusting boss 15 is welded on the horizontal square steel of one of the slide rail brackets 14, a knob is mounted on the adjusting boss through a screw, a screw thread is arranged in a hole of the knob and is matched with the stud 313 on the rectangular protruding parts on the two sides of the outer supporting frame 312 for adjusting the position of the circular slide rail 311, and after the adjustment is finished, the knob is fixed on the adjusting boss 15 through the screw.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a driving device of a rotary fish grading device provided in an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the driving device 2 includes a driving gear 21, an ac asynchronous motor 22 and a motor bracket 23, and the driving device 2 is mainly used for providing sufficient torque for the rotary fish grading device; the driving gear 21 is fixed on a main shaft of the alternating current asynchronous motor 22 through a flat key; the alternating current asynchronous motor 22 is fixed on the motor bracket 23 through a bolt; the motor support 23 is also fixed on the upper support frame 13 of the main frame 1 through bolts, when assembling, the driving gear 21 is meshed with the driven gear 34 on the grading device 3, and the torque of the alternating current asynchronous motor 22 is transmitted to the grading device 3 through the driving gear 21 and the driven gear 34.

FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a rotary fish classifier according to an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the grading device 3 comprises a sliding rail assembly 31, a rotating shaft 32, an arc plate assembly 33 and a driven gear 34, and the grading device 3 is the core of the whole rotary type fish grading device and is used for grading fish according to size.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a slide rail assembly of the rotary fish grading apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the sliding rail assembly 31 includes a circular sliding rail 311, an outer supporting frame 312 and a stud 313 for adjusting the grading range of the device; the circular slide rail 311 is used for controlling the size of the opening of the arc-shaped plate component 33; the outer support frame 312 is wrapped and welded on the outer side of the circular slide rail 311, on one hand, in order to improve the rigidity of the circular slide rail 311, on the other hand, the position of the circular slide rail 311 can be better controlled by utilizing the matching of the outer support frame 312 and the slide rail support frame 14, and the grading range of the equipment is changed; specifically, the outer support frame 312 is a rectangular frame structure, one pair of sides of which are symmetrically provided with rectangular protrusions, and the stud 313 is welded in the center of the rectangular protrusion on one side of the outer support frame 312, and is matched with the adjusting boss 15 to more conveniently fix the sliding rail assembly 31.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the rotary shaft of the rotary fish grading device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the rotating shaft 32 includes a rotating shaft inner ring 321, a rotating shaft outer ring 322, a shaft core 323, a support rod 324, a dividing plate 325, a fixed arc plate 326 and an arc plate assembly support 327; the rotating shaft inner ring 321 is fixed on the shaft core 323 through 6 support rods 324 in a welding mode, the rotating shaft outer ring 322 is fixed on the rotating shaft inner ring 321 through 16 partition plates 325 in a welding mode, a gap between the rotating shaft inner ring 321 and the rotating shaft outer ring 322 is divided into 16 spaces with the same size through the partition plates 325, each space is a grading unit, and a fixed arc-shaped plate 326 is welded at the lower portion of each grading unit; the fixed arc-shaped plate 326 is welded on the inner ring 321 of the rotating shaft, the fixed arc-shaped plate 326 and the floating arc-shaped plate 331 are oppositely arranged to form an approximately elliptical opening, so that the direction of the fish body during grading is conveniently controlled, and the two sides of the fish body slide off along the arc-shaped plates at proper places; the illustrated arc plate assembly supports 327 have 16 pairs for mounting 16 sets of arc plate assemblies 33.

The upper end of the shaft core 323 passes through the second bearing seat 131 and is in interference fit with the center of the driven gear 34, so that the torque of the alternating current asynchronous motor 22 is transmitted to the grading device 3.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an arcuate plate assembly of the rotary fish grading apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention; as shown in fig. 7, in the present embodiment, the arc plate assembly 33 includes a floating arc plate 331, a roller bracket 332, a roller 333, a pin bracket 334, a pin 335, and a spring 336; the roller bracket 332 is welded in the middle of the upper part of the outer side of the floating arc-shaped plate 331, the roller bracket 332 is used for installing a roller 333, and the pin shaft brackets 334 are symmetrically welded in the middle of the upper part of the inner side of the floating arc-shaped plate 331 and used for installing pin shafts 335; the spring 336 is sleeved on the pin shaft 335, one side of the spring 336 is pressed against the floating arc-shaped plate 331, when the arc-shaped plate assembly 33 is installed on the rotating shaft 32, the other side of the spring 336 is pressed against the outer ring 322 of the rotating shaft, therefore, the spring 336 makes the arc-shaped plate assembly 33 tend to be in a closed state, and when the rotating shaft 32 rotates, the circular slide rail 311 pushes the roller 333 to make the arc-shaped plate assembly 33 tend to be in an open state; the grading device 3 controls the size of the opening of the arc-shaped plate component 33 through the interaction of the two forces, so that fishes of different sizes fall at the openings of different sizes, and grading is completed.

In the grading device 3, the axis of the rotating shaft 32 is fixed, and the axis of the circular slide rail 311 is adjustable, which means that the rotating shaft 32 and the circular slide rail 311 can have different center distances, and the larger the center distance is, the larger the movable range of the arc plate assembly 33 is, and the larger the grading range of the device is, because the inner wall of the circular slide rail 311 and the roller 33 are always in contact.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a fish receiving device of the rotary fish classifying device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 8, in this embodiment, the fish catching device 4 includes a funnel support 41, a fish catching funnel 42 and a funnel partition 43, the lower part of the funnel support 41 is welded and fixed by three square steels to improve the carrying capacity of the funnel support 41, the fish catching funnel 42 is divided into different spaces by the funnel partition 43 for accommodating different grades of fish, and the lower part of each space corresponds to a hole and a slide way to facilitate the unloading of fish into other containers. The fish receiving device 4 is located at the center of the lower part of the whole rotary fish grading device, and the placement angle of the fish receiving device is determined according to the grading device 3, so that the graded fish can be accurately stored and conveyed.

Therefore, the rotary fish grading device provided by the invention has the advantages of continuity, adjustability, simple structure and the like, has small damage to fish, and can greatly improve the processing efficiency and the processing quality of fish products.

The above description of exemplary embodiments has been presented only to illustrate the technical solution of the invention and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form described. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching to those skilled in the art. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to thereby enable others skilled in the art to understand, implement and utilize the invention in various exemplary embodiments and with various alternatives and modifications. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the following claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A rotary fish grading device is characterized by comprising a main body frame (1), a driving device (2), a grading device (3) and a fish receiving device (4); the main body frame (1) is used for fixedly supporting other parts of the rotary fish grading device; the driving device (2) is positioned above the main body frame (1) and is used for providing torque to enable the grading device (3) to do rotary motion; the grading device (3) is arranged inside the main body frame and is used for grading fish; the fish receiving device (4) is positioned at the lower part of the main body frame (1) and is used for receiving and conveying the fish classified by the classification device (3), wherein:

the main body frame (1) is formed by splicing square steel and comprises four supporting upright posts (11), a lower layer supporting frame (12), an upper layer supporting frame (13), a sliding rail supporting frame (14) and an adjusting boss (15); the lower-layer support frame (12) is in a shape of Chinese character 'tian', and is welded at the middle upper part of the support upright post (11), a first bearing seat (121) is welded at the center of the lower-layer support frame, and the first bearing seat (121) is used for placing a tapered roller bearing so as to support the lower end of a shaft core (323) of the rotating shaft (32); the upper-layer supporting frame (13) is in a shape like a Chinese character 'tian', is parallel to the lower-layer supporting frame (12), and is overlapped with the projection of the lower-layer supporting frame (12) in the vertical direction, the upper-layer supporting frame (13) is fixed at the upper end of a supporting upright post (11) through a bolt, so that the grading device (3) is convenient to disassemble, a second bearing seat (131) is welded at the central position of the upper-layer supporting frame (13), a roller bearing is installed on the second bearing seat, and the upper end of the shaft core (323) of a rotating shaft (; the two groups of sliding rail supporting frames (14) are oppositely arranged on two sides of the main body frame (1), each sliding rail supporting frame (14) comprises two horizontal square steels which are arranged in parallel, the two horizontal square steels are connected through two vertical square steels at two ends, and two ends of each vertical square steel are fixed between the upper supporting frame (13) and the lower supporting frame (12) through bolts; the two horizontal square steels of the slide rail support frame (14) are provided with a space for placing rectangular bulges at two sides of an outer support frame (312) of the slide rail assembly (31), so that the outer support frame (312) slides between the horizontal square steels of the slide rail support frame (14) to change the center distance between a rotating shaft (32) and a circular slide rail (311), and the size of a grading range can be adjusted; the adjusting boss (15) is welded on horizontal square steel of a sliding rail bracket (14), a knob is mounted on the adjusting boss (15) through a screw, threads are arranged in a hole of the knob, the knob is matched with a stud (313) on an outer supporting frame (312) and is used for adjusting the position of a circular sliding rail (311);

the driving device (2) comprises a driving gear (21), an alternating current asynchronous motor (22) and a motor bracket (23); the driving gear (21) is fixed on a main shaft of the alternating current asynchronous motor (22) through a flat key; the alternating current asynchronous motor (22) is fixed on the motor bracket (23) through a bolt; the motor support (23) is fixed on an upper layer support frame (13) of the main frame (1) through bolts, a driving gear (21) is meshed with a driven gear (34) on the grading device (3), and the torque of the alternating current asynchronous motor (22) is transmitted to the grading device (3) through the driving gear (21) and the driven gear (34);

the grading device (3) comprises a sliding rail assembly (31), a rotating shaft (32), an arc-shaped plate assembly (33) and a driven gear (34), wherein the sliding rail assembly (31) comprises a circular sliding rail (311), an outer supporting frame (312) and a stud (313); the circular slide rail (311) is used for controlling the size of an opening of the arc-shaped plate component (33); the outer supporting frame (312) is wrapped and welded on the outer side of the circular sliding rail (311); the outer supporting frame (312) is of a rectangular square frame structure, rectangular protruding parts are symmetrically arranged on one side of the outer supporting frame, and the stud (313) is welded in the center of the rectangular protruding part on one side of the outer supporting frame (312) and matched with the adjusting boss (15) to fix the sliding rail assembly (31);

the rotating shaft (32) comprises a rotating shaft inner ring (321), a rotating shaft outer ring (322), a shaft core (323), a supporting rod (324), a dividing plate (325), a fixed arc-shaped plate (326) and an arc-shaped plate component support (327); the rotary shaft inner ring (321) is welded and fixed on the shaft core (323) through 6 support rods (324), the rotary shaft outer ring (322) is welded and fixed on the rotary shaft inner ring (321) through 16 partition plates (325), a gap between the rotary shaft inner ring (321) and the rotary shaft outer ring (322) is divided into 16 spaces with equal size by the partition plates (325), each space is a grading unit, and the lower part of each grading unit is welded with a fixed arc-shaped plate (326); the fixed arc-shaped plate (326) is welded on the inner ring (321) of the rotating shaft, the fixed arc-shaped plate (326) and the floating arc-shaped plate (331) are oppositely arranged to form an approximately elliptical opening, so that the direction of the fish body during grading can be conveniently controlled, and the two sides of the fish body can slide down along the arc-shaped plates at proper places; the arc plate component supports (327) are provided with 16 pairs and are used for installing 16 groups of arc plate components (33);

the arc-shaped plate assembly (33) comprises a floating arc-shaped plate (331), a roller bracket (332), a roller (333), a pin shaft bracket (334), a pin shaft (335) and a spring (336); the roller bracket (332) is welded in the middle of the upper part of the outer side of the floating arc-shaped plate (331), the roller bracket (332) is used for installing a roller (333), and the pin shaft brackets (334) are symmetrically welded in the middle of the upper part of the inner side of the floating arc-shaped plate (331) and used for installing pin shafts (335); the spring (336) is sleeved on the pin shaft 335, one side of the spring (336) is propped against the floating arc-shaped plate (331), when the arc-shaped plate component (33) is installed on the rotating shaft (32), the other side of the spring (336) is propped against the outer ring (322) of the rotating shaft, the spring (336) enables the arc-shaped plate component (33) to tend to be in a closed state, and when the rotating shaft (32) rotates, the circular sliding rail (311) can push the roller (333) to enable the arc-shaped plate component (33) to tend to be in an open state;

the upper end of the shaft core (323) penetrates through the second bearing seat (131) and is connected with the driven gear (34) through a flat key, so that the torque of the alternating current asynchronous motor (22) is transmitted to the grading device (3);

the fish receiving device (4) comprises a funnel support (41), a fish receiving funnel (42) and a funnel partition plate (43), wherein the lower part of the funnel support (41) is welded and fixed through three square steels so as to improve the bearing capacity of the funnel support (41); connect fish funnel (42) divide into different spaces by funnel baffle (43) for accomodate the fish of different grades, every space lower part all corresponds a hole and a short slide, conveniently unloads the fish in other containers.