CN111525839A - Wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device and power generation method - Google Patents
Wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device and power generation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The top of a first chamber is a high-light-transmission wall surface, the side surface of the first chamber is in open communication with seawater, and a first electrode immersed in the seawater is arranged in the first chamber; the second chamber comprises a closed light-tight wall surface and is provided with a second electrode immersed in seawater; the external circuit is connected with the first electrode and the second electrode, the composite nano film generating the photoelectric poise effect comprises a cation selective channel, the composite nano film is close to the first side of the first chamber and generates a transmembrane potential difference through sunlight irradiation, cations in seawater are directionally migrated from the first chamber to the second chamber through the cation selective channel to form ionic current based on pressure difference generated by waves and driving of the transmembrane potential difference, and external circuit electrons flow from the first electrode to the second electrode to form current.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power generation, in particular to a wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device and a power generation method.
Background
The sea island wave energy and solar energy has wide distribution range, high energy density and large storage capacity, can save land area of the sea island by depending on the ocean wave energy and solar energy for power generation, and is one of potential sea island renewable energy power generation modes. The weather conditions of islands are complicated, and under the sunny weather that wave energy is deficient, solar energy resources are usually abundant; in contrast, in rainy weather where solar energy is insufficient, wave energy tends to be increasingly intense. At present, a power device is mostly adopted in an ocean wave energy power generation system to convert wave energy into mechanical energy, and a transmission mechanism is utilized to drive a generator to generate power. For example, the patent US20200095982a1 establishes a wind energy-wave energy-tidal energy integrated power generation system based on a single-pile foundation by arranging a wind energy converter, a wave energy converter and a horizontal axial tidal energy converter on the basis of a single-pile supporting structure. However, the structure of the system device is complex and the requirement for size matching is high, so that the power generation efficiency is greatly limited. In addition, the air is humid in the island environment and is often accompanied by rain and fog weather, so that the island solar photovoltaic power generation has serious intermittence and fluctuation, the solar photovoltaic panel surface is crystallized, and the photovoltaic energy conversion efficiency is greatly reduced, so that the solar photovoltaic power generation technology is not completely suitable for the special requirement of island energy supply. At present, the self-supply power generation system of renewable clean energy sources of islands with high energy efficiency and strong stability is urgently needed to be developed.
The electrolyte salinity difference, the fluid pressure difference or other external energy input is used as source power to drive ions to selectively and directionally migrate in the nano channel to form ion current, mechanical energy, chemical energy or other energy can be directly converted into electric energy, the energy conversion mode, namely the iontophoresis power generation mode has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, simple system structure, no noise and the like, and the method is a leading-edge hotspot research field for the utilization of ocean 'blue energy'. For example, the patent US20180353906a1 designs a device for generating electricity by using salinity gradient on two sides of a titanium oxide nano fluid membrane, and the electricity generation is realized by using ion current formed by diffusion and migration of high-concentration electrolyte to a low-concentration side through an intra-membrane nano channel. However, the sea island is deficient in fresh water resources and cannot provide electrolyte salinity gradient required by spontaneous ion diffusion and electroosmosis power generation. The renewable clean energy is used as source power to drive ion migration, and the key point for realizing the island iontophoresis power generation is realized.
The above information disclosed in the background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is well known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device and a power generation method, which form efficient complementary utilization of different forms of clean energy and establish a sea island clean energy self-supply system with high energy density and high conversion efficiency. The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis generating set, which floats on the sea water surface, comprises,
the top of the first chamber is a high-light-transmission wall surface, the side surface of the first chamber is in open communication with the seawater, and the first chamber is provided with a first electrode immersed in the seawater;
a second chamber including a closed and light-tight wall and provided with a second electrode immersed in seawater;
an external circuit connecting the first electrode and the second electrode,
the composite nano film generates a transmembrane potential difference through sunlight irradiation on a first side close to the first chamber, cations in seawater directionally migrate from the first chamber to the second chamber through the cation selective channel to form ionic current, and external circuit electrons flow from the first electrode to the second electrode to form current based on pressure difference generated by waves and the transmembrane potential difference.
In the wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device, the cation selective channel is provided with a surface layer with negative charges on the surface layer.
In the wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device, the cation selective channel is of an asymmetric structure, and the channel size of the asymmetric structure is gradually increased from the first side to the second side close to the second chamber.
In the wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device, the cation selective channel comprises an asymmetric structure formed by tapered holes, the diameter of the channel facing the first cavity is 2-10nm, and the diameter of the channel facing the second cavity is 15-30 nm.
In the wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device, when the transmembrane potential difference is in a preset range, the cation selective channel is narrowed to be within a preset threshold value range, wherein only cations pass through the cation selective channel.
In the wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device, the composite nano film is made of carbon nitride or derivatives thereof, and the thickness of the composite nano film is not more than 500 mm.
In the wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device, the composite nano film comprises a plurality of cation selective channels which are uniformly distributed in the vertical direction.
In the wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device, all wall surfaces of the first cavity are made of completely transparent materials.
In the wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device, a plurality of power generation devices are connected in series through an external circuit to increase voltage output, or the plurality of power generation devices are connected in parallel through the external circuit to increase current output.
According to another aspect of the invention, a power generation method of the wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device comprises the following steps,
the first step, sunlight irradiates a first side of the composite nano film through a first chamber to generate transmembrane potential difference,
a second step, the waves create a pressure difference in the power plant via the side of the first chamber in open communication with the sea water,
and a third step, based on the pressure difference generated by the waves and the transmembrane potential difference, directionally migrating cations in the seawater from the first chamber to the second chamber through a cation selective channel to form an ionic current, and forming a current by an external circuit electron flowing from the first electrode to the second electrode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides source power for ion transportation by using wave energy and solar energy, realizes ion migration regulation and control, and provides an island wave energy-solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation system. The pressure difference generated based on sea island wave energy drives ions to carry out convection migration in the nano-film to form ionic current, the wave energy is directly converted into electric energy, wave energy iontophoresis power generation is realized, meanwhile, based on the photoelectric poise effect of the nano-film, the potential distribution at two ends of the nano-channel is changed under solar radiation, and CD-ROM drive ionic migration and efficient photoelectric electroosmosis energy conversion are realized. The invention abandons the dependence of an island energy supply system on fossil fuel, fully utilizes island wave energy and solar energy to realize all-weather continuous power generation, simplifies the complex structure of the traditional mechanical wave energy power generation system, effectively improves the energy conversion efficiency of wave energy power generation and the energy density of solar power generation, overcomes the defects of the existing clean energy power generation in the application of island areas, establishes an island renewable clean energy source supply system, and can be widely applied to the field of power generation in island areas.
The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly apparent, and to make the implementation of the content of the description possible for those skilled in the art, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious, the following description is given by way of example of the specific embodiments of the present invention.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. Also, like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the drawings.
In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of ion channels in a composite nano-film of a wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device according to an embodiment of the invention.
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 2. While specific embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, various names may be used to refer to a component. This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the invention, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
For the purpose of facilitating understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be made by taking specific embodiments as examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the drawings are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
For better understanding, as shown in fig. 1, a wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device, a power generation device floating on the surface of seawater includes,
a first chamber 4, the top of which is a high-transparency wall surface, the side surface of which is in open communication with seawater, and which is provided with a first electrode 5 immersed in seawater;
a second chamber 7 comprising a closed and light-tight wall and provided with a second electrode 6 immersed in seawater;
an external circuit 1, the external circuit 1 connecting the first electrode 5 and the second electrode 6,
the composite nano-film 2 generates a photoelectric poise effect, the composite nano-film 2 comprises a cation selective channel 3, wherein the composite nano-film 2 generates a transmembrane potential difference through sunlight irradiation on a first side close to a first chamber 4, cations in seawater directionally migrate from the first chamber 4 to a second chamber 7 through the cation selective channel 3 to form an ionic current based on pressure difference generated by waves and driving of the transmembrane potential difference, and electrons in an external circuit 1 flow from a first electrode 5 to a second electrode 6 to form a current.
The device floats on the seawater surface, cations can be driven to directionally migrate from the first chamber 4 to the second chamber 7 through the cation selective channel 3 all day long by utilizing pressure difference generated by waves to form ionic current, sunlight irradiates the first side film to form transmembrane potential difference in sunny days to accelerate cation migration, and electrons of the external circuit 1 flow from the first electrode 5 to the second electrode 6 to form current. The invention establishes a solar photoelectric power generation mode taking ions as carriers, and wave energy is directly converted into electric energy, thereby providing a revolutionary way for the efficient utilization of solar energy in the island environment.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device, the cation selective channel 3 has a surface layer with negative charges.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device, the cation selective channel 3 is of an asymmetric structure, and the channel size of the asymmetric structure gradually increases from the first side to the second side close to the second chamber 7.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device, the cation selective channel 3 comprises an asymmetric structure formed by tapered holes, the diameter of the channel facing the first chamber 4 is 2-10nm, and the diameter of the channel facing the second chamber 7 is 15-30 nm.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device, when the transmembrane potential difference is in a preset range, the cation selective channel 3 is narrowed to be within a preset threshold value range, wherein only cations pass through the cation selective channel 3.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device, the composite nano film 2 is made of carbon nitride or derivatives thereof, and the thickness of the composite nano film is not more than 500 mm.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device, the composite nano-film 2 comprises a plurality of cation selective channels 3 which are uniformly distributed in the vertical direction.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device, all wall surfaces of the first chamber 4 are made of completely light-transmitting materials.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device, a plurality of power generation devices are connected in series through the external circuit 1 to increase voltage output, or a plurality of power generation devices are connected in parallel through the external circuit 1 to increase current output.
In a preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device, the top portion is made of a high light-transmitting resin material.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device, the predetermined threshold range is 2-15nm, and the external circuit 1 comprises a switch, a storage battery, a current measuring unit or a voltage measuring unit.
To further understand the present invention, in one embodiment, a wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoretic power generation device includes,
a first chamber 4, the top of which is a high-transparency wall surface, the side surface of which is in open communication with seawater, and which is provided with a first electrode 5 immersed in seawater;
a second chamber 7 comprising a closed and light-tight wall and provided with a second electrode 6 immersed in seawater;
the salt difference power generation unit comprises an external circuit 1 and a composite nano-film 2 for generating a photoelectric poise effect, wherein the external circuit 1 is connected with a first electrode 5 and a second electrode 6, the composite nano-film 2 contains a cation selection channel 3,
the device floats on the seawater surface, cations can be driven to directionally migrate from the first chamber 4 to the second chamber 7 through the cation selective channel 3 all day long by utilizing pressure difference generated by waves to form ionic current, the sunlight irradiates the first side of the film 2 in sunny days to form transmembrane potential difference to accelerate the migration of the cations, and electrons in the external circuit 1 flow from the first electrode 5 to the second electrode 6 to form current.
The composite nano film material of the invention can generate a photoelectric poise effect when being subjected to asymmetric illumination. For example, when carbon nitride or its derivative is irradiated by a single side, photo-generated electrons and holes in an irradiated area are driven by respective density gradients to diffuse, and the material generates charge redistribution and forms a potential difference due to the fact that the mobility of the electrons is higher than that of the holes, so that the potential of the irradiated area is higher than that of a non-irradiated area. Although the intensity of the photoelectric poise effect is influenced by factors such as illumination points, illumination intensity and the like, the generated potential difference spanning hundreds of nanometers can be used for driving cations to directionally migrate across the membrane from an illumination side to a non-illumination side, and the generation efficiency is remarkably improved under the synergistic effect of the salt concentration difference and the potential difference.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device, when the transmembrane potential difference between the first potential and the second potential is within a predetermined range and the cation selective channel 3 is narrowed to be within a predetermined threshold range, only cations can pass through the channel 3.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device, the cation selective channel 3 comprises a negatively charged surface layer.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device, the cation selective channel 3 is an asymmetric structure formed by tapered holes, the diameter of the channel facing the first chamber is 2-10nm, and the diameter of the channel facing the first chamber is 15-30 nm.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device, the main body of the composite nano film 2 is made of carbon nitride or derivatives thereof, and the thickness of the composite nano film is not more than 500 mm.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device, the top wall surface of the first chamber 4 is made of a high-light-transmission resin material.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device, a plurality of the devices can be connected in series by the external circuit 1 to increase voltage output, or connected in parallel by the external circuit 1 to increase current output.
In the preferred embodiment of the wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device, the predetermined threshold range is 2-15nm, and the external circuit 1 comprises a switch, a storage battery, a current measuring unit or a voltage measuring unit.
The power generation method of the wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device comprises the following steps,
the first step, sunlight irradiates the first side of the composite nano film 2 through the first chamber 4 to generate transmembrane potential difference,
in a second step, the waves create a pressure difference in the power plant via the side of the first chamber 4 in open communication with the sea water,
in a third step, driven by the pressure difference generated by the waves and the transmembrane potential difference, cations in the seawater directionally migrate from the first chamber 4 to the second chamber 7 via the cation selective channel 3 to form an ionic current, and electrons in the external circuit 1 flow from the first electrode 5 to the second electrode 6 to form a current.
The invention realizes wave energy-solar energy coupling iontophoresis energy conversion based on the functional characteristics of photoelectric poise effect of the composite nano film, cation selectivity generated by overlapping double electric layers in the channel, ion rectification effect generated by asymmetric channel structure and the like. The invention improves the compactness of the system, improves the overall efficiency of clean energy utilization, and has wide application prospect in the field of renewable clean energy power generation in island regions.
Industrial applicability
The wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis power generation device and the power generation method can be manufactured and used in the field of power generation.
The foregoing describes the general principles of the present application in conjunction with specific embodiments, however, it is noted that the advantages, effects, etc. mentioned in the present application are merely examples and are not limiting, and they should not be considered essential to the various embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the foregoing disclosure of specific details is for the purpose of illustration and description and is not intended to be limiting, since the foregoing disclosure is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the disclosure to the precise details disclosed.
The foregoing description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, the description is not intended to limit embodiments of the application to the form disclosed herein. While a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those of skill in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions and sub-combinations thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A wave energy and solar energy coupling iontophoresis generating set, which floats on the sea water surface, comprises,
the top of the first chamber is a high-light-transmission wall surface, the side surface of the first chamber is in open communication with the seawater, and the first chamber is provided with a first electrode immersed in the seawater;
a second chamber including a closed and light-tight wall and provided with a second electrode immersed in seawater;
an external circuit connecting the first electrode and the second electrode,
the composite nano film generates a transmembrane potential difference through sunlight irradiation on a first side close to the first chamber, cations in seawater directionally migrate from the first chamber to the second chamber through the cation selective channel to form ionic current, and external circuit electrons flow from the first electrode to the second electrode to form current based on pressure difference generated by waves and the transmembrane potential difference.
2. The wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoretic power generation device of claim 1, wherein, preferably, the cation selective channel has a surface with a negatively charged surface.
3. The wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoretic power generation device of claim 1, wherein the cation selective channel is of an asymmetric structure, the channel size gradually increasing in a direction from the first side to a second side adjacent to the second chamber.
4. The wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoretic power generation device of claim 1, wherein the cation selective channels comprise an asymmetric structure of conical holes, the diameter of the channels towards the first chamber being 2-10nm and the diameter of the channels towards the second chamber being 15-30 nm.
5. The wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoretic power generation device of claim 1, wherein the cation selective channel narrows to within a predetermined threshold range when the transmembrane potential difference is within a predetermined range, wherein only cations pass through the cation selective channel.
6. The wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device of claim 1, wherein the composite nano-film is made of carbon nitride or a derivative thereof and has a thickness not exceeding 500 mm.
7. The wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoresis power generation device of claim 1, wherein the composite nano-film comprises a plurality of cation selective channels evenly distributed in a vertical direction.
8. The wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoretic power generation device of claim 1, wherein all walls of the first chamber are made of a completely light transmissive material.
9. The wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoretic power generation device of claim 1, wherein a plurality of said power generation devices are connected in series via an external circuit to increase voltage output or a plurality of said power generation devices are connected in parallel via an external circuit to increase current output.
10. A method of generating electricity with the wave energy and solar energy coupled iontophoretic power generation device of any one of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of,
the first step, sunlight irradiates a first side of the composite nano film through a first chamber to generate transmembrane potential difference,
a second step, the waves create a pressure difference in the power plant via the side of the first chamber in open communication with the sea water,
and a third step, based on the pressure difference generated by the waves and the transmembrane potential difference, directionally migrating cations in the seawater from the first chamber to the second chamber through a cation selective channel to form an ionic current, and forming a current by an external circuit electron flowing from the first electrode to the second electrode.
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| CN112551624A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-03-26 | 西安交通大学 | Solar photo-thermal driven seawater desalination and iontophoresis power generation system and method |
| CN114904497A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-16 | 西安交通大学 | Heat-drive ion electro-osmosis water-electricity cogeneration device and method based on adsorption material |
| CN115403118A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-29 | 西安交通大学 | Photovoltaic power generation and seawater desalination coupling system and method based on waste heat utilization |
| CN116675376A (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2023-09-01 | 艾培克环保科技(上海)有限公司 | Butyl acrylate wastewater treatment equipment |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112551624A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-03-26 | 西安交通大学 | Solar photo-thermal driven seawater desalination and iontophoresis power generation system and method |
| CN114904497A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-08-16 | 西安交通大学 | Heat-drive ion electro-osmosis water-electricity cogeneration device and method based on adsorption material |
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| CN115403118A (en) * | 2022-08-25 | 2022-11-29 | 西安交通大学 | Photovoltaic power generation and seawater desalination coupling system and method based on waste heat utilization |
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| CN116675376A (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2023-09-01 | 艾培克环保科技(上海)有限公司 | Butyl acrylate wastewater treatment equipment |
| CN116675376B (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2024-03-12 | 艾培克环保科技(上海)有限公司 | Butyl acrylate wastewater treatment equipment |
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