CN111525207B - Lithium ion power battery recovery method - Google Patents

Lithium ion power battery recovery method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111525207B
CN111525207B CN202010302897.9A CN202010302897A CN111525207B CN 111525207 B CN111525207 B CN 111525207B CN 202010302897 A CN202010302897 A CN 202010302897A CN 111525207 B CN111525207 B CN 111525207B
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lithium ion
friction
power battery
ion power
materials
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CN111525207A (en
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塞缪尔·迪米特里·维迪嘉德摩卡
王筝
菲利普·赫尔
尼克·迈尔斯
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University of Nottingham Ningbo China
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B7/00—Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
    • B03C7/006—Charging without electricity supply, e.g. by tribo-electricity or pyroelectricity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a lithium ion power battery recovery method, which comprises the following steps: dismantling electronic components of the lithium ion power battery, crushing the dismantled lithium ion power battery, putting the crushed lithium ion power battery into a friction scrubbing machine to separate positive and negative electrode materials from an aluminum film and a copper film, screening the materials from the friction scrubbing machine to obtain oversize materials and undersize materials comprising the positive and negative electrode materials, putting the oversize materials into a friction electrostatic separator to separate an HDPE film, a friction medium, a copper foil and an aluminum foil, putting the undersize materials into a flat filter to dewater, and putting the dewatered undersize materials into a foam flotation machine to obtain separated negative electrode materials and positive electrode materials.

Description

Lithium ion power battery recovery method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste and electronic waste recovery, and particularly relates to a recovery method of a lithium ion power battery.
Background
In recent years, as the output and the retention of mobile electronic devices and new energy vehicles continue to increase, the demand of large-scale lithium ion batteries is brought, and huge opportunities and challenges are brought to the corresponding recycling industry. With the increasing demand of lithium ion batteries, the disposal and utilization of scrapped batteries become a new problem. The electrode in the lithium battery is composed of positive and negative electrode metal foils attached with active materials, wherein the positive electrode active materials are various in types and different in characteristics, most preparation materials of the positive electrode active materials relate to scarce resources such as cobalt, nickel and the like, and a positive electrode plate is an aluminum foil; the negative electrode material is generally graphite, and the negative electrode plate is copper foil, so that the method has a high recycling value.
At present, the resource recovery of waste power lithium ion batteries mainly comprises three modes: the mechanical crushing separation method, the high-temperature metallurgy method and the chemical method mainly focus on the recovery of valuable metals of cobalt, nickel and lithium, because the metals belong to rare metals and have higher recovery value compared with other metals. The existing waste lithium battery recovery technical means mostly have the problems of high energy consumption, low efficiency, great environmental influence and the like.
The above information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the invention and therefore it may contain information that does not form the prior art that is already known in this country to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art and realize a diversified comprehensive recovery process of the positive and negative electrode active materials and the copper-aluminum foil, the invention provides a recovery method of a lithium ion power battery, and provides technical support for further development of lithium ion power battery recovery.
The invention aims to realize the purpose through the following technical scheme, and the lithium ion power battery recycling method comprises the following steps:
in the first step, electronic components of the lithium ion power battery are dismantled,
in the second step, the disassembled lithium ion power battery is crushed,
in the third step, the crushed lithium ion power battery is put into a friction scrubbing machine to separate the positive and negative electrode materials from the aluminum film and the copper film,
in the fourth step, the material from the friction scrubbing machine is sieved to obtain oversize material and undersize material comprising anode and cathode materials,
in the fifth step, the oversize is put into a frictional electrostatic separator to separate the HDPE film, the frictional medium, the copper foil and the aluminum foil,
in the sixth step, the undersize is put into a flat filter for dehydration,
and in the seventh step, the dehydrated screen underflow is put into a froth flotation machine to obtain separated cathode material and anode material.
In the method, in the first step, the electronic component includes a control unit for controlling the lithium ion power battery.
In the method, in the second step, the disassembled lithium ion power battery is crushed by the cutting type crusher. In order to avoid the problem that the subsequent recovery efficiency is influenced by the curling of copper foil and aluminum foil caused by excessive crushing and the wrapping of electrode active materials, the aperture of a bottom screen of the cutting type crusher is 8-10 mm.
In the third step, the rotating speed of the impeller of the friction scrubbing machine is 1000-; the friction medium is quartz sand, the granularity range is 850-2360 mu m, and the subsequent separation of the quartz sand is convenient for reutilization while the friction scrubbing effect is ensured; optimizing the material proportion according to the efficiency of the friction scrubbing process, wherein the mass ratio of the crushed lithium ion power battery to the friction medium is 10-30%, and the pulp density is 60-80%; the friction scrubbing time is 10-20 minutes, and the liquid medium selected in the friction scrubbing process is water.
In the method, in a fourth step, a wet shaker screen screens the material from the friction scrubber, the wet shaker screen having a bottom screen opening diameter of 38 microns. The particle size of the electrode active material is 1.5-7.8 microns, so the material after friction scrubbing is treated by a bottom sieve with the sieve pore diameter of 38 microns, and the separation of the electrode active material and other components is realized.
In the fifth step, the oversize product is separated by a friction electrostatic separator to obtain a copper foil, an aluminum foil and an HDPE diaphragm.
In the fifth step, the working temperature of the frictional electrostatic separator is 20-25 ℃, the relative humidity is 40-50%, and the rotating speed of the sorting roller is 40-60 revolutions per minute so as to ensure the electrostatic transmission efficiency in the sorting process; the working voltage is 20-30 kilovolts, the distance between an ionization electrode and a sorting roller is 4-6 cm, the distance between a repulsion electrode and the sorting roller is 6-8 cm according to the conductivity of copper foil, aluminum foil, HDPE film and quartz sand, the deflection angle of the ionization electrode is 35 degrees and the deflection angle of the repulsion electrode is 50 degrees by taking the feeding position as a reference.
In the method, in the seventh step, the liquid medium of froth flotation is water, the operation parameters in the flotation process are determined according to the surface activity characteristics of the positive active material of the graphite, the impeller rotating speed of the froth flotation machine is 1200-1800 rpm, the content of the methyl isobutyl carbinol foaming agent in the froth flotation machine is 15-25 microliter per liter, the content of the n-dodecane trapping agent in the froth flotation machine is 35-45 microliter per liter, the pH value is 8, the height of the froth is 4-8 cm, and the flotation time is 5-10 minutes.
In the method, the negative electrode material includes graphite.
The invention relates to a recovered lithium ion power battery and a defective electrode plate, which comprise:
removing single batteries in the battery module after the control unit, the collection system and the cooling system are removed from the scrapped power battery, namely removing a single battery piece containing electrolyte; and defective electrode plates and waste materials for manufacturing the electrode plates, which are generated in industrial production.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the method, the scrapped lithium ion battery is processed through cutting type crushing, the unfolding state of the electrode metal foil is kept while the structural dissociation of the battery is realized, and the phenomenon that the electrode active material is wrapped in the electrode metal foil to reduce the subsequent recovery efficiency is avoided. The electrode active material is dissociated from the electrode metal foil by the friction scrubbing technology, and the unfolding state of the electrode metal foil is kept, so that the subsequent friction electrostatic separation efficiency is ensured. The friction scrubbing medium quartz sand can be recycled. And the diversified recovery of the copper foil, the aluminum foil and the HDPE diaphragm is realized through frictional electrostatic separation. The method needs less chemical reagents, does not relate to a high energy consumption process in a recovery process, and has less environmental influence.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. Also, like parts are designated by like reference numerals throughout the drawings.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a lithium ion power cell recovery method according to one embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2(a) to 2(d) are schematic diagrams of sorted recycled scrapped lithium ion power cells according to one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a scanning electron micrograph of a positive active material obtained according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a scanning electron micrograph of the obtained negative active material according to one embodiment of the present invention.
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 4. While specific embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
It should be noted that certain terms are used throughout the description and claims to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, various names may be used to refer to a component. This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the invention, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
For the purpose of facilitating understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will be made by taking specific embodiments as examples with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the drawings are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.
For better understanding, a lithium ion power cell recovery method comprises the following steps:
in the first step, electronic components of the lithium ion power battery are dismantled,
in the second step, the disassembled lithium ion power battery is crushed,
in the third step, the crushed lithium ion power battery is put into a friction scrubbing machine to separate the positive and negative electrode materials from the aluminum film and the copper film,
in the fourth step, the material from the friction scrubbing machine is sieved to obtain oversize material and undersize material comprising anode and cathode materials,
in the fifth step, the oversize is put into a frictional electrostatic separator to separate the HDPE film, the frictional medium, the copper foil and the aluminum foil,
in the sixth step, the undersize is put into a flat filter for dehydration,
and in the seventh step, the dehydrated screen underflow is put into a froth flotation machine to obtain separated cathode material and anode material.
In a preferred embodiment of the method, in the first step, the electronic component includes a control unit for controlling the lithium-ion power battery.
In a preferred embodiment of the method, in the second step, the dismantled lithium ion power battery is crushed by a cutting crusher, and the hole diameter of the bottom screen of the cutting crusher is 8-10 mm. The cutting type crushing avoids the phenomenon that copper foil and aluminum foil are curled, the subsequent recovery efficiency is influenced by wrapping electrode active materials, the active materials are wrapped due to excessive crushing caused by a smaller bottom screen aperture, and the recovery efficiency is reduced; the size of the copper foil and the aluminum foil becomes small, and frictional electrostatic separation is difficult to realize. Larger bottom screen aperture: the breakage is incomplete, is difficult to broken battery structure, and the aperture of this application can realize the comprehensive effect of optimization.
In a preferred embodiment of the method, in the third step, the impeller rotation speed of the friction scrubber is 1000-. The mass ratio of the crushed lithium ion power battery to the friction medium is 10-30%, and the low mass ratio causes the medium consumption in the friction scrubbing process to be increased, so that the battery material treatment efficiency is reduced. The high mass ratio results in a reduced electrode material dissociation efficiency with rubbing scrubbing, and the rubbing time needs to be extended. The friction scrubbing time is 10-20 minutes. The friction scrubbing time and the rotating speed of the impeller in the friction scrubbing process jointly influence the friction scrubbing efficiency, and the time for achieving the target electrode material dissociation efficiency can be reduced by increasing the rotating speed.
The lower pulp density weakens the friction action between the friction medium and the electrode material, and the dissociation efficiency is reduced. The higher ore pulp density causes the ore pulp density to be too high, the ore pulp fluidity is poor, the friction action is weakened, simultaneously, the impeller resistance is increased, the impeller is easy to deform, and the motor of the friction scrubbing machine is damaged. The ore pulp density is 60-80% to achieve the comprehensive balance effect.
In a preferred embodiment of the method, in the fourth step, a wet vibrating screen screens the material from the friction scrubber, the wet vibrating screen having a bottom screen opening diameter of 38 microns.
In a preferred embodiment of the method, in the fifth step, the oversize product is separated by a triboelectric separator to obtain copper foil, aluminum foil and HDPE diaphragm.
In the fifth step, the working temperature of the frictional electrostatic separator is 20-25 ℃ and the relative humidity is 40-50%, so that the electrostatic conduction efficiency is ensured, the rotating speed of the sorting roller is 40-60 revolutions per minute, the working voltage is 20-30 kilovolts, the distance between the ionization electrode and the sorting roller is 4-6 cm, the distance between the repulsion electrode and the sorting roller is 6-8 cm, the feeding position is taken as a reference, the deflection angle of the ionization electrode is 35 degrees, the deflection angle of the repulsion electrode is 50 degrees, and the sorting efficiency is improved.
In the seventh step, the impeller speed of the froth flotation machine is 1200-1800 rpm, the frothing agent content of methyl isobutyl carbinol in the froth flotation machine is 15-25 microliter per liter, the low frothing agent content leads to insufficient froth generation and reduced graphite recovery efficiency. The high blowing agent content results in difficulty in controlling the foam height and a decrease in graphite recovery efficiency. The content of the n-dodecane trapping agent is 35-45 microliters per liter, the trapping efficiency of the anode material is reduced too low, the waste is too high, 90-95% recovery efficiency can be realized at 35-45ml/L, the working efficiency of the anode material is remarkably improved due to the pH value of 8, the height of foam is 4-8 cm, and the separation efficiency is low due to the fact that the flotation time is 5-10 minutes and is lower than the time. 90-95% recovery efficiency can be achieved in 5-10 minutes.
To further understand the present invention, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a method comprises:
s101, removing electronic components on the waste batteries;
s102, crushing the disassembled waste battery,
wherein the crusher used for crushing is a cutting crusher, and the aperture of the bottom screen is 8-10 mm;
s103, putting the crushed waste batteries into a friction scrubbing machine to obtain positive and negative electrode materials dissociated from the aluminum and copper films,
wherein, in the friction scrubbing machine, the impeller speed is controlled at 1000-;
s104, placing the dissociated mixed material into an electrode plate, placing the electrode plate into a wet vibrating screen to obtain a separated active electrode material,
wherein, the diameter of the mesh of the middle wet bottom screen is 38 microns;
s201, placing the sieved oversize material into a frictional electrostatic separator, and dividing the mixture into three components, namely an HDPE film, a friction medium and a copper foil and an aluminum foil;
wherein, the operation temperature of the friction electrostatic sorting device is controlled at 20-25 ℃, the relative humidity is controlled at 0-50%, the rotating speed of the sorting roller is controlled at 40-60 r/min, and the working voltage is controlled at 20-30 kilovolts. With the feed position as a reference, the ionization electrode deflection angle was 35 °, and the repulsion electrode deflection angle was 50 °. The distance between the ionization electrode and the sorting roller is controlled to be 4-6 cm, and the distance between the repulsion electrode and the sorting roller is controlled to be 6-8 cm.
S202, placing the sieved undersize into a flat filter for dehydration;
s203, putting the filtered mixed electrode material into a froth flotation machine to obtain a separated cathode material and a separated anode material,
wherein the rotating speed of the froth flotation machine is controlled at 1200-1800 rpm, the content of the methyl isobutyl carbinol foaming agent is controlled at 15-25 microliter per liter, the content of the n-dodecane trapping agent is controlled at 35-45 microliter per liter, the pH value is set to 8, the height of the froth is controlled at 4-8 cm, and the time is controlled at 5-10 minutes.
An application example of the present invention will be described in detail below.
Examples
S101, removing electronic components on the waste batteries;
s102, crushing 200 g of disassembled waste batteries by using a cutting crusher, wherein a bottom sieve is an 8 mm bottom sieve;
s103, controlling the friction scrubbing process at 60% according to the pulp density, wherein the mass ratio of the battery material to the friction medium is 20%. 200 g of crushed waste batteries, 800 g of friction medium quartz sand and 667 g of water are mixed and put into a friction scrubbing machine, the granularity range of the quartz sand medium is controlled to be 850-. The friction scrubbing in the proportion can obviously improve the dissociation rate of the electrode active material from the electrode metal foil, simultaneously keep the unfolding state of the electrode metal foil and ensure the efficiency of subsequent friction electrostatic separation.
S104, placing the dissociated mixed material in an electrode plate into a wet type vibrating screen, setting the working time of the vibrating screen to be 20 minutes, and setting the diameter of a screen hole of a wet type bottom screen to be 38 micrometers;
s201, placing the sieved oversize material into a frictional electrostatic separator, and separating the mixture into three components, namely an HDPE film, a friction medium and a copper foil and an aluminum foil. The operation temperature of the frictional electrostatic sorting device is controlled at 25 ℃, the relative humidity is controlled at 50%, the rotating speed of the sorting roller is controlled at 50 rpm, and the working voltage is controlled at 25 kilovolts. With the feed position as a reference, the ionization electrode deflection angle was 35 °, and the repulsion electrode deflection angle was 50 °. The distance between the ionization electrode and the sorting roller is controlled to be 5 cm, and the distance between the repulsion electrode and the sorting roller is controlled to be 7 cm. The parameters can obviously improve the separation efficiency of the HDPE film and the copper foil and aluminum foil.
S202, placing the sieved undersize into a flat filter;
s203, taking 20 g of mixed electrode material which is passed through a filter and put into a froth flotation machine to obtain a separated negative electrode material and a separated positive electrode material, controlling the rotation speed of the froth flotation machine at 1500 rpm, adding 20 microliter of methyl isobutyl carbinol foaming agent and 40 microliter of n-dodecane trapping agent, setting the pH value to be 8, controlling the height of froth to be 4 cm, controlling the running time to be 5 minutes, and collecting generated froth every 30 seconds.
The recycled products produced by the method of the application example are shown in fig. 2(a) to 4. Fig. 2(a) is a HDPE film material, fig. 2(b) is a friction medium, fig. 2(c) is a copper-aluminum film material, and fig. 2(d) is an electrode active material. 83.8% of lithium and cobalt electrode materials can be recovered in the friction scrubbing process; the non-conductive material sorted by the frictional electrostatic device contains 95% of HDPE film material, the conductive material contains 97.7% of metal material, and the rest middling product is 99% of grinding tool quartz sand; the recovery rate of the positive electrode material can be realized by primary froth flotation, the purity is 49 percent, and other components are graphite and quartz sand. The recovery efficiency and purity can be improved by multi-stage flotation according to the requirements of recovered products.
From the data, the friction scrubbing process can effectively separate and recover lithium, cobalt and graphite electrode materials, and the subsequent friction electrostatic process and the foam flotation process can effectively separate various products of friction scrubbing.
In the present invention, a lithium ion power battery to be recovered comprises: removing single batteries in the battery module after the control unit, the collection system and the cooling system are removed from the scrapped power battery, namely removing a single battery piece containing electrolyte; and defective electrode plates and waste materials for manufacturing the electrode plates, which are generated in industrial production. The method provided by the invention omits the flow of manually disassembling a single battery piece, does not use an organic solvent, recycles, sorts and recovers the electrode materials in the battery piece, can effectively sort and recover the positive and negative electrode materials, aluminum, copper and HDPE film materials in the battery piece, expands the direction for the lithium battery recovery field, and has a wide industrial application prospect.
In summary, the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and not for limiting the same; although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims (7)

1. A method of lithium ion power cell recovery, the method comprising the steps of:
in the first step, electronic components of the lithium ion power battery are dismantled,
in the second step, the disassembled lithium ion power battery is crushed by a cutting type crusher, the aperture of a bottom screen of the cutting type crusher is 8-10 mm,
in the third step, the crushed lithium ion power battery is put into a friction scrubbing machine to separate the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material from the aluminum film and the copper film, the impeller rotating speed of the friction scrubbing machine is 1000-1200 rpm, the friction medium is quartz sand, the granularity range is 850-2360 mu m, the mass ratio of the crushed lithium ion power battery to the friction medium is 10-30%, the friction scrubbing time is 10-20 minutes,
in the fourth step, the material from the friction scrubbing machine is sieved to obtain oversize material and undersize material comprising anode and cathode materials,
in the fifth step, the oversize is put into a frictional electrostatic separator to separate the HDPE film, the frictional medium, the copper foil and the aluminum foil,
in the sixth step, the undersize is put into a flat filter for dehydration,
and in the seventh step, the dehydrated screen underflow is put into a froth flotation machine to obtain separated cathode material and anode material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in the first step, the electronic components comprise a control unit for controlling the lithium ion power battery.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in the fourth step, a wet shaker screens the material from the friction scrubber, the wet shaker having a bottom screen opening diameter of 38 microns.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein in the fifth step, the oversize product is separated by a triboelectrostatic separator to obtain copper foil, aluminum foil and HDPE membrane.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein, in the fifth step, the operating temperature of the triboelectrostatic separator is 20-25 ℃, the relative humidity is 40-50%, the rotation speed of the sorting drum is 40-60 rpm, the operating voltage is 20-30 kv, the distance between the ionizing electrode and the sorting drum is 4-6 cm, the distance between the repelling electrode and the sorting drum is 6-8 cm, the deflection angle of the ionizing electrode is 35 ° and the deflection angle of the repelling electrode is 50 ° with respect to the feed position.
6. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the impeller of the froth flotation machine is 1200-1800 rpm, the froth flotation machine contains 15-25 microliters per liter of methyl isobutyl carbinol frother, 35-45 microliters per liter of n-dodecane scavenger, the pH is 8, the froth height is 4-8 cm, and the flotation time is 5-10 minutes.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the negative electrode material comprises graphite.
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CN112246834B (en) * 2020-10-04 2022-04-15 湖南金源新材料股份有限公司 Jigging separation method for components after dismantling of waste lithium batteries
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