CN111525206A - Early warning method and early warning device for battery module - Google Patents
Early warning method and early warning device for battery module Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
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Abstract
The invention provides an early warning method and an early warning device for a battery module, which are used for effectively monitoring a lithium battery in operation and judging the possibility of safety accidents of the lithium battery in time. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module; measuring thermal characteristic parameters of the battery module and extracting thermal characteristic features of the battery module; and comparing the thermal characteristic features of the battery modules with the data parameters in the feature parameter database, and screening out the battery modules in different states. Through numerical value comparison, the safety grade of the battery module is divided into multiple grades of battery modules, so that the battery modules are screened out to have thermal runaway risks, the use safety of the battery modules is improved, and the adopted method is easy to realize in engineering implementation and has high application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to an early warning method and an early warning device for a battery module.
Background
Since the 70 s of the last century, lithium ion batteries have been developed rapidly, and have been widely used in many fields such as digital products and home appliances in consideration of their advantages such as high specific energy, high output voltage, and long cycle life. With the increasing severity of energy problems in the last decade, lithium ion batteries have been rapidly developed in electric vehicles and electrochemical energy storage. The development of the electric automobile industry in China is rapid, and various electrochemical energy storage projects are like spring bamboo shoots which grow endlessly after rain. By 11 months in 2019, the new energy automobiles in China are sold by 104.3 ten thousand, 70% of the new energy automobiles are pure electric automobiles, and even if the national subsidies are less, the new energy automobiles still account for 50% of the global market. The accumulated loading capacity of the electrochemical energy storage of China also steadily rises at present, the loading capacity of the electrochemical energy storage exceeds 2000MW by 2020, and the annual composite growth rate approaches 70%.
However, the lithium ion battery has a safety hidden trouble which cannot be ignored, and the safety problem of the lithium ion battery is more acute along with the improvement of parameters such as the energy density of the lithium ion battery. According to incomplete statistics, by 9 months in 2019, more than 40 safety problems of electric automobiles reported in China exist, even in 21-23 days in 4 months, Tesla, Michelia and BYD electric automobiles, fire disasters occur, and the safety problems of the electric automobiles are pushed up to the wave tips of air ports at one time. In the direction of electrochemical energy storage, although China has not reported related problems, about 30 energy storage plant fires have occurred since 2017 in Korea, the most recent fire occurred 24 days 9 and 24 months 2019, 2700 lithium batteries and one PCS are burned out. Therefore, the safety problem of the battery is getting more and more attention in recent years, and the improvement of the safety performance of the lithium ion battery is also an important direction for the development of the battery. Therefore, the safety problem of the battery is getting more and more attention in recent years, and the improvement of the safety performance of the lithium ion battery is also an important direction for the development of the battery.
At present, the safety performance of lithium ion batteries is mainly improved by mainly focusing on the improvement of a battery monomer manufacturing process, and the safety is improved by adding an electrolyte additive, improving the structure of a positive electrode material and a negative electrode material, improving a diaphragm preparation process and the like. The safety research on battery modules, packs and even container layers is not as deep as the research on battery cells.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide an early warning method and an early warning apparatus for a battery module, which are used to effectively monitor a running lithium battery and timely determine the possibility of a safety accident occurring to the lithium battery. The invention considers that if the abnormal battery can be detected in time and early warning is carried out, the fire of the battery can be killed in the cradle, and the accident loss is reduced.
An early warning method of a battery module comprises the following steps:
step 01: measuring thermal characteristic parameters of the battery module and extracting thermal characteristic features of the battery module;
step 02: and 2-level comparison is carried out on the thermal characteristic characteristics of the battery module and data parameters in a characteristic parameter database of the battery module, the battery modules in different states are screened out, and early warning is carried out on the screened battery modules with thermal runaway risks.
Furthermore, the battery modules in different states are battery modules with normal temperature distribution, battery modules with focus on or battery modules with short-term thermal runaway risks.
Further, step 02 specifically includes:
carrying out level 1 comparison on the thermal characteristic value of the battery module and the thermal characteristic value of the battery standard working condition in the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module, screening out a normal temperature distribution battery module and an abnormal temperature distribution battery module, and classifying the normal temperature distribution battery module into a risk-free battery module;
and carrying out level 2 comparison on the thermal characteristic value of the battery module of the abnormal temperature distribution battery module and the thermal runaway thermal characteristic value of the battery module in the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module, and screening out the battery module which needs to be focused and the battery module with the thermal runaway risk in a short period.
Further, the step of establishing a thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module comprises:
establishing a thermal runaway model of the battery module; simulating to obtain a temperature field in the thermal runaway process of the battery module; and
and analyzing the characteristic parameters of the temperature field, and extracting the characteristic value of the thermal runaway thermal characteristic of the battery module.
Further, the establishing a thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module further includes: and performing thermal simulation on the standard working condition of the battery module by using the thermal model of the battery module to obtain a temperature field of the standard working condition of the battery module, and extracting a characteristic value of the thermal characteristic of the standard working condition of the battery module.
Further, according to the battery module standard operating mode temperature field after extracting the battery module standard operating mode thermal characteristic eigenvalue, still include: and establishing a thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module by using the thermal runaway thermal characteristic value of the battery module and the thermal characteristic value of the standard working condition of the battery.
A battery module early warning device includes:
the detection unit is configured to measure the thermal characteristic parameters of the battery module and extract the thermal characteristic features of the battery module;
and the computing unit is configured to compare the thermal characteristic features of the battery modules with the data parameters in the battery module feature parameter database, screen out the battery modules in different states on line, and perform early warning for the screened battery modules with the thermal runaway risk.
Further, the battery module early warning device still includes:
and the data storage unit is configured to store the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module.
Furthermore, the battery modules in different states are battery modules with normal temperature distribution, battery modules with focus on or battery modules with short-term thermal runaway risks.
Further, the computing unit compares the thermal characteristic value of the battery module with the thermal characteristic value of the battery standard working condition in a thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module at the 1 st level, screens out the battery modules with normal temperature distribution and the battery modules with abnormal temperature distribution, and classifies the battery modules with normal temperature distribution into risk-free battery modules;
the calculation unit carries out level 2 comparison on the thermal characteristic value of the battery module of the abnormal temperature distribution battery module and the thermal runaway thermal characteristic value of the battery module in the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module, and screens out the battery module which needs to be focused and the battery module with the thermal runaway risk in a short period.
Further, the step of establishing a thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module comprises:
establishing a thermal runaway model of the battery module; simulating to obtain a temperature field in the thermal runaway process of the battery module; and
and analyzing the characteristic parameters of the temperature field, and extracting the characteristic value of the thermal runaway thermal characteristic of the battery module.
Further, the step of establishing the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module further comprises: and performing thermal simulation on the standard working condition of the battery module by using the thermal model of the battery module to obtain a temperature field of the standard working condition of the battery module, and extracting a characteristic value of the thermal characteristic of the standard working condition of the battery module.
Further, the step of establishing the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module further comprises: and establishing a thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module by using the thermal runaway thermal characteristic value of the battery module and the thermal characteristic value of the standard working condition of the battery.
The early warning method of the battery module and the early warning device of the battery module provided by the embodiment of the invention comprise the following steps: and measuring the thermal characteristic parameters of the battery module and extracting the thermal characteristic features of the battery module. Aiming at the battery module, a thermal runaway model of the battery module is established, a temperature field in the thermal runaway process of the battery module is obtained through simulation, characteristic parameters of the temperature field are analyzed, and a thermal characteristic value of the battery module is extracted. And comparing the thermal characteristic features of the battery module with the data parameters in the characteristic parameter database, and screening out the battery module meeting the requirements. The characteristic parameter database divides the data parameters into a preset range, the battery module with the thermal characteristic within the preset range is a first type battery module, and the battery module with the thermal characteristic not within the preset range is a second type battery module. The preset range may be plural so as to determine different types of battery modules. Through numerical value comparison, the safety grade of the battery module is divided into multiple grades of battery modules, so that the battery modules are screened out to have thermal runaway risks, the use safety of the battery modules is improved, and the adopted method is easy to realize in engineering implementation and has high application value.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a battery module warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a screening result of a battery module early warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for establishing a thermal characteristic parameter database of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module warning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The following detailed description is exemplary in nature and is intended to provide further details of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the early warning method of the battery module includes:
step 01: establishing a thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module: and establishing a thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module by using the thermal runaway thermal characteristic value of the battery module and the thermal characteristic value of the standard working condition of the battery.
Step 02: and measuring the thermal characteristic parameters of the battery module and extracting the thermal characteristic features of the battery module. Thermal runaway refers to a phenomenon in which a battery current and an internal temperature rise undergo a cumulative mutual reinforcing effect to cause damage to the battery. Aiming at the battery module, a thermal runaway model of the battery module is established, a temperature field in the thermal runaway process of the battery module is obtained through simulation, characteristic parameters of the temperature field are analyzed, and a thermal characteristic value of the battery module is extracted.
Step 03: carrying out level 1 comparison on the thermal characteristic value of the battery module and the thermal characteristic value of the battery standard working condition in the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module, screening out a normal temperature distribution battery module and an abnormal temperature distribution battery module, and classifying the normal temperature distribution battery module into a risk-free battery module; and carrying out level 2 comparison on the thermal characteristic value of the battery module of the abnormal temperature distribution battery module and the thermal runaway thermal characteristic value of the battery module in the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module, and screening out the battery module which needs to pay attention to the battery module and has a thermal runaway risk in a short period. Through the numerical comparison of 2 levels, the safety grade of the battery module is divided into a risk-free battery module, a battery module needing to be focused on and a battery module with thermal runaway risk in a short period.
Through numerical value comparison, the safety grade of the battery module is divided into multiple grades of battery modules, so that the battery modules are screened out to have thermal runaway risks, the use safety of the battery modules is improved, and the adopted method is easy to realize in engineering implementation and has high application value. The early warning method can be used for judging different types of battery modules by analyzing the states of the battery modules on line for on-line measurement.
It is understood that the battery module may be a lithium ion battery module, and the battery module may also be other types of battery modules.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for establishing a thermal characteristic parameter database of a battery module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, step 01: establishing a thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module comprises the following steps:
step 011: and establishing a thermal runaway model of the battery module. The method for establishing the thermal runaway model of the battery module can be various, for example, the internal relation among various variables caused by the thermal runaway can be induced by three-dimensional fusion and a mathematical method on the basis of a large amount of experimental and real operation data, and the early warning and intelligent control of the hidden danger of the battery module can be realized by adopting the thermal runaway model of the battery module based on the neurology principle.
Step 012: and simulating to obtain a temperature field in the thermal runaway process of the battery module.
Step 013: and analyzing the characteristic parameters of the temperature field, and extracting the characteristic value of the thermal runaway thermal characteristic of the battery module.
Step 014: and carrying out thermal simulation on the standard working condition of the battery module by using the thermal model of the battery to obtain a temperature field of the standard working condition of the battery module.
Step 015: and extracting the thermal characteristic value of the standard working condition of the battery module according to the standard working condition temperature field of the battery module.
Step 016: and establishing a thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module by using the thermal runaway thermal characteristic value of the battery module and the thermal characteristic value of the standard working condition of the battery module.
The thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module is established by utilizing the thermal runaway thermal characteristic value of the battery module and the thermal characteristic value of the standard working condition of the battery module, so that the comprehensive data coverage range is wide.
It can be understood that the order of establishing the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module may be the order of steps 011 and 016, and the order of actually establishing the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module is not repeated, for example, step 015 may be performed first to obtain the thermal characteristic value of the battery module under the standard working condition, and step 014 may be performed to obtain the thermal characteristic value of the battery module under the thermal runaway. On the premise of ensuring that the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module can be accurately established, the invention does not limit the sequence of the establishing steps.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module warning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4, the battery module early warning device adopts any one of the early warning methods described in the above embodiments to perform early warning detection on the battery module, wherein the battery module early warning device includes: the data storage unit is configured to store a thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module; the detection unit is configured to measure the thermal characteristic parameters of the battery module and extract the thermal characteristic features of the battery module; and the computing unit is configured to compare the thermal characteristic features of the battery modules with the data parameters in the characteristic parameter database, and screen out the battery modules meeting the requirements. The detection unit measures thermal characteristic parameters of the battery module, extracts thermal characteristic features of the battery module, transmits the thermal characteristic features of the battery module to the calculation unit, calls a thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module stored in the data storage unit, compares the thermal characteristic features of the battery module with data parameters in the thermal characteristic parameter database, and screens out battery modules meeting requirements.
The battery module early warning device can be used for measuring batteries of electric vehicles, mobile phones and the like, and the type of the battery module which can be measured by the battery module early warning device is not limited by the invention.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (13)
1. The early warning method of the battery module is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 01: measuring thermal characteristic parameters of the battery module and extracting thermal characteristic features of the battery module;
step 02: and 2-level comparison is carried out on the thermal characteristic characteristics of the battery module and data parameters in a characteristic parameter database of the battery module, the battery modules in different states are screened out, and early warning is carried out on the screened battery modules with thermal runaway risks.
2. The early warning method of battery modules according to claim 1, wherein the battery modules in different states are battery modules with normal temperature distribution, battery modules with high concern, or battery modules with a risk of thermal runaway in a short period.
3. The early warning method for the battery module according to claim 1, wherein the step 02 specifically comprises:
carrying out level 1 comparison on the thermal characteristic value of the battery module and the thermal characteristic value of the battery standard working condition in the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module, screening out a normal temperature distribution battery module and an abnormal temperature distribution battery module, and classifying the normal temperature distribution battery module into a risk-free battery module;
and carrying out level 2 comparison on the thermal characteristic value of the battery module of the abnormal temperature distribution battery module and the thermal runaway thermal characteristic value of the battery module in the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module, and screening out the battery module which needs to be focused and the battery module with the thermal runaway risk in a short period.
4. The early warning method for the battery module according to claim 1, wherein the step of establishing the thermal characteristic parameter database for the battery module comprises:
establishing a thermal runaway model of the battery module; simulating to obtain a temperature field in the thermal runaway process of the battery module; and
and analyzing the characteristic parameters of the temperature field, and extracting the characteristic value of the thermal runaway thermal characteristic of the battery module.
5. The early warning method for the battery module according to claim 4, wherein the establishing of the thermal characteristic parameter database for the battery module further comprises: and performing thermal simulation on the standard working condition of the battery module by using the thermal model of the battery module to obtain a temperature field of the standard working condition of the battery module, and extracting a characteristic value of the thermal characteristic of the standard working condition of the battery module.
6. The early warning method for the battery module according to claim 5, wherein after the characteristic value of the thermal characteristic of the battery module under the standard working condition is extracted according to the temperature field under the standard working condition of the battery module, the method further comprises the following steps: and establishing a thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module by using the thermal runaway thermal characteristic value of the battery module and the thermal characteristic value of the standard working condition of the battery.
7. A battery module early warning device, characterized in that, the battery module early warning device adopts the early warning method of any one of the above claims 1-6 to carry out early warning detection on a battery module, the battery module early warning device includes:
the detection unit is configured to measure the thermal characteristic parameters of the battery module and extract the thermal characteristic features of the battery module;
and the computing unit is configured to compare the thermal characteristic features of the battery modules with the data parameters in the battery module feature parameter database, screen out the battery modules in different states on line, and perform early warning for the screened battery modules with the thermal runaway risk.
8. The battery module early warning device according to claim 7, further comprising:
and the data storage unit is configured to store the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module.
9. The battery module early warning device according to claim 7, wherein the battery modules in different states are battery modules with normal temperature distribution, battery modules with high concern or battery modules with a thermal runaway risk in a short period.
10. The early warning device for the battery modules according to claim 7, wherein the computing unit performs level 1 comparison on the thermal characteristic value of the battery module and the thermal characteristic value of the battery standard working condition in the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module, screens out the battery modules with normal temperature distribution and the battery modules with abnormal temperature distribution, and classifies the battery modules with normal temperature distribution as the risk-free battery modules;
the calculation unit carries out level 2 comparison on the thermal characteristic value of the battery module of the abnormal temperature distribution battery module and the thermal runaway thermal characteristic value of the battery module in the thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module, and screens out the battery module which needs to be focused and the battery module with the thermal runaway risk in a short period.
11. The battery module early warning device according to claim 8, wherein the step of establishing the battery module thermal characteristic parameter database comprises:
establishing a thermal runaway model of the battery module; simulating to obtain a temperature field in the thermal runaway process of the battery module; and
and analyzing the characteristic parameters of the temperature field, and extracting the characteristic value of the thermal runaway thermal characteristic of the battery module.
12. The battery module early warning device according to claim 11, wherein the step of establishing the battery module thermal characteristic parameter database further comprises: and performing thermal simulation on the standard working condition of the battery module by using the thermal model of the battery module to obtain a temperature field of the standard working condition of the battery module, and extracting a characteristic value of the thermal characteristic of the standard working condition of the battery module.
13. The battery module early warning device according to claim 12, wherein the step of establishing the battery module thermal characteristic parameter database further comprises: and establishing a thermal characteristic parameter database of the battery module by using the thermal runaway thermal characteristic value of the battery module and the thermal characteristic value of the standard working condition of the battery.
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