CN111522066A - Pile body quality electrical method detection method - Google Patents
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- CN111522066A CN111522066A CN202010382081.1A CN202010382081A CN111522066A CN 111522066 A CN111522066 A CN 111522066A CN 202010382081 A CN202010382081 A CN 202010382081A CN 111522066 A CN111522066 A CN 111522066A
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- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric method for detecting pile body quality, which comprises the following steps: step 1: selecting a first power supply point on one side surface of the pile body and recording the coordinate position, selecting a plurality of second power supply points on the other side surface and recording the coordinate, and selecting a plurality of observation points on the pile body and recording the coordinate; step 2: arranging a first power supply electrode at a first power supply point, and arranging a second power supply electrode at one of second power supply points; step 3: supplying power to the first power supply electrode and the second power supply electrode; step 4: collecting electric field data of each observation point; step 5: moving the second power supply electrode to the next second power supply point, and repeating Step3-Step4 until the acquisition of all electric field data from the first power supply point to each second power supply point is completed; step 6: and performing data inversion on all the electric field data in combination with the coordinate positions to obtain the position and the size of the abnormal body. The method can apply the electrical prospecting technology to the field of pile quality detection forming a three-quarter space with the ground, and can effectively detect the position and the size of an abnormal body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electrical method detection, and particularly relates to an electrical method detection method for pile body quality.
Background
Electrical prospecting is generally applied to geological prospecting, and geophysical prospecting methods for finding different types of useful deposits, finding out geological structures and solving geological problems through observation and research on the spatial distribution rules and the time characteristics of artificial or natural electric fields, electromagnetic fields or electrochemical fields. The technology is applied to civil engineering detection, and the potential safety hazard of the internal structure of the in-service reinforced concrete can be effectively warned.
In the field of concrete quality detection, for example, deep-buried piles such as piers and foundations form three-quarters of a space with the ground, and it is common to detect abnormal bodies by using sound waves, a core drill and vibrations.
In the prior art, sound waves are difficult to penetrate through concrete, particularly when the sound waves face a thick pile body, so that the detection effect is poor, and the pile body is damaged by core drilling and vibration detection. The existing electrical prospecting technology is directly utilized and is difficult to realize on the pile body.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an electrical method for detecting pile quality, which can apply electrical prospecting technology to the field of pile quality detection in which a three-quarter space is formed with the ground, and can effectively detect the position and size of an abnormal body.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a pile body quality electrical method detection method comprises the following steps:
step 1: providing a pile body which forms a three-quarter space with the ground, selecting a first power supply point on one side surface of the pile body and recording a coordinate position, selecting a plurality of second power supply points on the other side surface of the pile body and recording the coordinate position, and selecting a plurality of observation points on the pile body and recording the coordinate position;
step 2: arranging a first power supply electrode at the first power supply point, and arranging a second power supply electrode at one of the second power supply points;
step 3: supplying power to the first power supply electrode and the second power supply electrode;
step 4: collecting electric field data of each observation point;
step 5: moving the second power supply electrode to the next second power supply point, and repeating Step3-Step4 until the acquisition of all electric field data from the first power supply point to each second power supply point is completed;
step 6: and performing data inversion on all the electric field data in combination with the coordinate positions to obtain the position and the size of the abnormal body.
According to an embodiment of the invention:
step1 includes: selecting a plurality of measuring points on the pile body and recording coordinate positions, wherein the observation point is positioned at the middle point of two adjacent measuring points;
step4 includes: the method comprises the steps that a first measuring electrode and a second measuring electrode are sequentially arranged on every two adjacent measuring points, all continuous electric field data between every two adjacent measuring points are collected through the first measuring electrode and the second measuring electrode, and the midpoint value of the continuous electric field data between the adjacent measuring points is the electric field data of the observation point.
According to one embodiment of the invention, an electrical prospecting receiver is used to collect electric field data for the first measuring electrode and the second measuring electrode.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of observation points in Step1 are disposed on a side surface of the pile body where the first power supply point is disposed.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the first power supply electrode and the second power supply electrode in Step3 are powered by an electrical prospecting transmitter.
Step6 uses electrical survey data processing and interpretation software for electric field data processing and analysis, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a graph of apparent resistivity and the coordinate position of the observation point is obtained by the electrical prospecting data processing and interpreting software, so that the position and the size of the abnormal body are obtained.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a graph of the apparent polarization rate and the coordinate position of the observation point is obtained by the electrical prospecting data processing and interpreting software, so that the position and the size of the abnormal body are obtained.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the vertical positions of the first power supply point, the second power supply point and the observation point on the pile body in Step1 are all located at the junction of the pile body and the ground, the first power supply point is located at the middle position of the pile body in the horizontal length direction, and a plurality of second power supply points and a plurality of observation points are all uniformly distributed in the horizontal length direction of the pile body.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects:
(1) according to the embodiment of the invention, the application of the electrical prospecting technology to the field of pile quality detection forming a three-quarter space with the ground is realized through steps 1 to 6, and the position and the size of an abnormal body can be effectively detected.
(2) In the embodiment of the invention, the first measuring electrode and the second measuring electrode are used for acquiring the continuous electric field data between two adjacent measuring points to obtain the electric field data of the observation point, so that the measuring data is more accurate, simple and convenient.
(3) In the embodiment of the invention, the observation point is arranged on one side surface of the pile body, which is provided with the first power supply point, so that the obtained electric field data is more accurate, because the first power supply point is fixed and cannot move, and the second power supply point is different in selection every time, if the observation point is arranged on one side surface of the second power supply point, the result is inaccurate.
(4) In the embodiment of the invention, the heights of the first power supply point, the second power supply point and the observation point are all positioned at the joint of the pile body and the ground, the first power supply point is positioned at the middle position of the pile body in the horizontal length direction, and the second power supply point and the observation point are uniformly distributed in the horizontal length direction of the pile body, so that the detection result is more accurate.
Drawings
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in conjunction with the appended drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a top view of a pile body according to an electrical method for detecting pile body quality of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of an electrical method for detecting pile body quality according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pile body quality electrical method detection method model 0 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a pile body quality electric method detection method model 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an electric method for detecting pile mass according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a pile body quality electrical method detection method model B of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an apparent resistivity forward graph I of the pile body quality electrical method detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is an apparent resistivity forward graph II of the pile body quality electrical method detection method of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a view showing a forward view of the polarization rate of the pile quality by the electrical method of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1: a pile body; 2: a first anomaly; 3: a second anomaly.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples. Advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description and from the claims. It is to be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all used in a non-precise ratio for the purpose of facilitating and distinctly aiding in the description of the embodiments of the invention.
The core of the invention is to provide an electric method detection method for pile body quality, which comprises the steps of respectively arranging a first power supply electrode and a second power supply electrode at two sides of a pile body to be detected, fixing one of the first power supply electrode and the second power supply electrode, moving the other one of the first power supply electrode and the second power supply electrode to form different measuring lines, supplying power to three quarters of space formed by the pile body and the ground through the first power supply electrode and the second power supply electrode, then collecting electric field data at each observation point, and solving the apparent resistivity and the apparent polarization rate of the observation point corresponding to each measuring line to realize the simultaneous detection of a quasi-penetration electric method on the observation point of one measuring line. And determining the nature, size and position of hidden danger in the pile body according to the change of the electrical parameters such as apparent resistivity, apparent polarizability and the like.
The three-quarter space is a space region formed by the geological body and the surrounding conductors of the electrical prospecting, and particularly, an electric field space formed from an observation angle, and a normal ideal electric field space is a full space. The pile body is erected on the ground, one part of the pile body is buried in the soil, the other part of the pile body is exposed in the air, the formed artificial electric field only exists in the pile body and the ground, and if a certain point where the pile body and the ground intersect is taken as an observation point, the electric field observed here is a three-quarter space electric field.
The invention locates the electrodes at two sides of the pile body, the formed electric field passes through the pile body to be detected, the detection precision can be improved, the horizontal position of the abnormal body can be determined more accurately, the invention is a method different from the existing electrode arrangement mode, and the invention is especially used for the detection operation of the pile body type geologic body. The pile body of the invention is a geologic body which is formed by connecting artificial or natural piles, columns, walls and the like with the ground, protrudes out of the ground surface and has possible abnormal changes, for example, a high-resistance abnormal body is formed in the interior of a bridge column after the steel bars in the bridge column are corroded.
The specific steps are further described as follows:
step 1: providing a pile body which forms a three-quarter space with the ground, selecting a first power supply point on one side surface of the pile body and recording a coordinate position, selecting a plurality of second power supply points on the other side surface of the pile body and recording the coordinate position, and selecting a plurality of observation points on the pile body and recording the coordinate position;
the method comprises the steps of firstly analyzing the surrounding environment of a pile body to be detected and previous detection experience of the pile body, deducing the distribution condition of main abnormal bodies inside and outside the pile body, setting the direction of detecting virtual measuring lines by an electrical method, then determining the number of the measuring lines, setting the spacing distance of the measuring lines, and then determining the number of observation points of each measuring line.
And selecting the positions of the first power supply point and the second power supply point on the pile body according to the determined measuring line, wherein the virtual connecting line from the first power supply point to the second power supply point is the measuring line.
Firstly, a coordinate system is established on the pile body, and the establishment of the coordinate system is determined according to the arrangement rules of the first power supply point, the second power supply point and the observation point, the characteristics of the pile body to be detected in the actual exploration area, the fluctuation characteristics of the surrounding terrain and the like.
And after a coordinate system is established, selecting specific positions, selecting a first power supply point on one side surface of the pile body and recording the coordinate position, selecting a plurality of second power supply points on the other side surface of the pile body and recording the coordinate position, wherein a connecting line from the first power supply point to each second power supply point is each measuring line.
Preferably, the vertical position of first power supply point, second power supply point on the pile body all is located the handing-over department of pile body and ground, is located the detection pile body that the handing-over department can be omnidirectional, and first power supply point is located the intermediate position of pile body horizontal length direction, and a plurality of second power supply points and a plurality of observation point all equipartition on the horizontal length direction of pile body, and the equipartition can make whole pile body all receive the detection, makes the testing result more accurate.
Then select a plurality of observation points and record coordinate position, a plurality of observation points are located on the pile body sets up one side of first power supply point in this implementation, make the electric field data that obtain more accurate, because first power supply point is fixed can not move, and the second power supply point chooses for use different at every turn, if set up can cause the interference and lead to the result inaccurate at a second power supply point side.
Specifically, in order to detect the electric field data of the observation point, a plurality of measurement points are selected on the pile body and coordinate positions are recorded, the observation point is located at the middle point of two adjacent measurement points, and the electric field data is difficult to detect by singly detecting one point, so that the electric field data value of the observation point is detected by detecting the measurement points on two sides of the observation point.
Preferably, the vertical positions of the observation points and the measurement points on the pile body are all located at the joint of the pile body and the ground, and the observation points and the measurement points are uniformly distributed in the horizontal length direction of the pile body.
Step 2: arranging a first power supply electrode at the first power supply point, and arranging a second power supply electrode at one of the second power supply points;
specifically, a first power supply electrode and a second power supply electrode of two opposite point current sources are simultaneously connected with a first power supply point and one second power supply point of the pile body,
step 3: supplying power to the first power supply electrode and the second power supply electrode;
in this embodiment, the first power supply electrode and the second power supply electrode are supplied with power by an electrical prospecting transmitter, the electrical prospecting transmitter is an existing device, the overall process is simpler and the result is more accurate by using the existing device, direct current is input into the pile body from the second power supply electrode, the direct current flows out of the pile body through the first power supply electrode to form a closed loop, and the formed electric field is simulated to penetrate through the pile body.
Step 4: collecting electric field data of each observation point;
the first measuring electrode and the second measuring electrode are sequentially arranged on every two adjacent measuring points, continuous electric field data between every two adjacent measuring points are collected through the first measuring electrode and the second measuring electrode, and in the embodiment, the electric field data are collected on the first measuring electrode and the second measuring electrode through an electrical prospecting receiver.
And the midpoint value of the collected continuous electric field data between the adjacent measuring points is the electric field data of the observation point.
Step 5: moving the second power supply electrode to the next second power supply point, and repeating Step3-Step4 until the acquisition of all electric field data from the first power supply point to each second power supply point is completed;
that is to say, the first power supply electrode is kept still at the first power supply point, and the second power supply electrode is moved between the second power supply points until the detection of the electric field data of all the measuring lines from the first power supply point to the second power supply points is completed.
Step 6: and performing data inversion on all the electric field data in combination with the coordinate positions to obtain the position and the size of the abnormal body.
And combining the electric field data into simulated penetration type detection data, and adopting electrical prospecting data processing and interpretation software to perform subsequent data processing and analysis to obtain a simulated penetration type electrical detection result of the detection area.
Specifically, a graph of apparent resistivity and an observation point coordinate position or a graph of apparent polarizability and the observation point coordinate position is obtained by electrical prospecting data processing and interpretation software, so that the position and the size of the abnormal body are obtained. The high-resistance body enables the apparent resistivity curve to be convex upwards, the lifting potential and the falling potential are formed at the boundary, and the low-resistance body is opposite, so that the abnormal body or the property of the abnormal body in the pile body can be determined by determining the position of the abnormal body at the sudden change position of the curved edge and the rule of the high-polarization body in the same way.
According to models and field tests other than the embodiment of the present invention, it was found that: when the abnormal body is positioned at the side of the observation electrode outside the pile body, the influence of the abnormal body is large, and the apparent resistivity and the apparent polarizability curve amplitude are large;
the horizontal size of the abnormal body can be obtained by measuring in different directions of the pile body, and the detected hidden danger body is generally near the surface of the ground and cannot be used for depth measurement, so that the detection can be combined with a symmetrical four-level depth measurement device and a five-pole longitudinal axis depth measurement device for detection. And the effectiveness of the method is verified by combining a numerical simulation method based on a finite element and actual field measurement.
The specific detection process of the present invention is further illustrated below:
referring to fig. 1 to 9, four models are preset, each model is a reinforced concrete pile body 1, and the four models are cuboids with the length, width and height of 6.5 meters, 1.2 meters and 6 meters respectively, the pile body 1 is buried in the soil with half of the depth, and the height of the exposed soil body is 3 meters. Subdividing the cells in the x direction, the y direction and the z direction, wherein the side length of each cell in the x direction is 0.5 meter, and the number of the cells is 13; the side length of each unit in the y-axis direction is 0.2 m, and the total number of the units is 6; the length of each unit in the z-axis direction is 1 meter, and the total number of the units is 6. Assuming that the air resistivity is infinite, the soil resistivity is 20, and the pile body 1 resistivity is 35.
The model 0 is that no abnormal body exists in the pile body 1; the model 1 is provided with a first abnormal body 2 and a second abnormal body 3 in the pile body 1, the first abnormal body 2 and the second abnormal body 3 are provided with overlapped parts and are parallel to the ground, and the model A is provided with the first abnormal body 2 in the pile body 1; the model B is provided with a second abnormal body 3 inside the pile body 1; the first abnormal body 2 and the second abnormal body 3 are 1 unit wide and 4 units long, and the total length of the overlapped parts of the first abnormal body 2 and the second abnormal body 3 in the model 1 is 6 units long.
Referring to fig. 3 to 6, the first power supply point is set as B and located at a position 3 meters in the x-axis direction on one side of the pile body 1, and the second power supply point is set as A, A1、A2、A3、A4、A5、A6(ii) a Each pair of adjacent measurement points is set to M, N, M1、N1，M2、N2，M3、N3And the spacing is 0.5 m.
In order to simplify the detection steps, only one measuring line is selected for detection, and the second power supply point A which is located at 0.5 meter in the x direction is selected uniformly to form a measuring line AB for detection.
M, N, M are collected in sequence after the first power supply electrode and the second power supply electrode are powered1、N1，M2、N2，M3、N3Electric field data between.
And performing data inversion according to the steps of the method, respectively setting the abnormal body in the model as high resistivity, low resistivity and high polarizability, and finally obtaining a forward modeling graph, as shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9.
Through the comparative analysis of fig. 7, 8 and 9, it can be basically found that:
(1) the internal and external media of the pile body 1 to be tested are uniformly distributed, namely when no abnormal body exists inside and outside the pile body 1, namely the model 0, the positive-going graph is formed according to the resistivity; the forward evolution diagram of the apparent polarizability forms a line-like type.
(2) In the model A and the model B, the apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability curves are obviously raised (or lowered) at the first 0.5 m of the initial boundary of the first anomalous body 2 or the second anomalous body 3; when the abnormal body is ended, the abnormal body starts to fall back (or rise back) about the first 0.5 m, and in a non-boundary area, the apparent resistivity and apparent polarizability curves tend to be normal, and the position and the size of the abnormal body can be measured and calculated according to the rule.
(3) At the end of the anomaly, the fall back (or rise back) also begins at the first 0.5 meters.
(4) In the models 0 and 1, the apparent resistivity and the apparent polarization curve are in a state of approaching the normal state in the non-boundary region where the first and second anomalous bodies 2 and 3 coexist and where no anomalous body exists.
(5) When the abnormal body is positioned at the side of the external observation electrode of the pile body 1, the influence of the abnormal body is large, and the apparent resistivity and the apparent polarizability curve amplitude are large.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a simulation penetrating type artificial electric field for detection, realizes the special electrode arrangement aiming at three-quarter space, combines other electric devices, applies methods such as resistivity, induced polarization and the like for common detection, and can determine the position, size, property and the like of the hidden danger of the detected object.
In addition, other geological bodies can be provided, as long as three-quarter space is formed between the geological bodies and the ground, the method is combined with practical application and research, is suitable for detection operation of any three-quarter space geological body, and develops a new detection method for application and research of an electric method facing three-quarter space.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, it is still within the scope of the present invention if they fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.
Claims (9)
1. A pile body quality electric method detection method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: providing a pile body which forms a three-quarter space with the ground, selecting a first power supply point on one side surface of the pile body and recording a coordinate position, selecting a plurality of second power supply points on the other side surface of the pile body and recording the coordinate position, and selecting a plurality of observation points on the pile body and recording the coordinate position;
step 2: arranging a first power supply electrode at the first power supply point, and arranging a second power supply electrode at one of the second power supply points;
step 3: supplying power to the first power supply electrode and the second power supply electrode;
step 4: collecting electric field data of each observation point;
step 5: moving the second power supply electrode to the next second power supply point, and repeating Step3-Step4 until the acquisition of all electric field data from the first power supply point to each second power supply point is completed;
step 6: and performing data inversion on all the electric field data in combination with the coordinate positions to obtain the position and the size of the abnormal body.
2. The pile body quality electrical method detection method of claim 1, characterized by:
step1 includes: selecting a plurality of measuring points on the pile body and recording coordinate positions, wherein the observation point is positioned at the middle point of two adjacent measuring points;
step4 includes: the method comprises the steps that a first measuring electrode and a second measuring electrode are sequentially arranged on every two adjacent measuring points, all continuous electric field data between every two adjacent measuring points are collected through the first measuring electrode and the second measuring electrode, and the midpoint value of the continuous electric field data between the adjacent measuring points is the electric field data of the observation point.
3. The pile mass electrical detection method of claim 2, wherein the first measuring electrode and the second measuring electrode are subjected to electric field data acquisition using an electrical prospecting receiver.
4. The pile quality electrical detection method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of observation points in Step1 are provided on one side surface of the pile where the first power supply point is provided.
5. The pile mass electrical method detection method of claim 1, wherein the first power supply electrode and the second power supply electrode in Step3 are powered by an electrical prospecting transmitter.
6. The pile mass electrical detection method of claim 1, wherein Step6 uses electrical prospecting data processing and interpretation software for electric field data processing and analysis.
7. The pile mass electrical detection method of claim 6, wherein the electrical prospecting data processing and interpretation software is used to obtain a graph of apparent resistivity and the observation point coordinate position, thereby obtaining the position and size of the anomaly.
8. The pile mass electrical detection method of claim 7, wherein a plot of apparent polarizability and said observation point coordinate position is obtained from said electrical survey data processing and interpretation software to obtain the location and size of said anomaly.
9. The pile quality electrical method detection method according to claim 1, wherein the vertical positions of the first power supply point, the second power supply point and the observation point on the pile in Step1 are all located at the junction of the pile and the ground, the first power supply point is located at the middle position of the pile in the horizontal length direction, and a plurality of the second power supply points and a plurality of the observation points are all evenly distributed in the horizontal length direction of the pile.
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