CN111521122A - Method and device for measuring outer diameter of pipe shell based on photoelectric sensing - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring outer diameter of pipe shell based on photoelectric sensing Download PDFInfo
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- CN111521122A CN111521122A CN202010412956.8A CN202010412956A CN111521122A CN 111521122 A CN111521122 A CN 111521122A CN 202010412956 A CN202010412956 A CN 202010412956A CN 111521122 A CN111521122 A CN 111521122A
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- guide rail
- connecting block
- displacement sensor
- laser displacement
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention designs a method and a device for measuring the outer diameter of a pipe shell based on photoelectric sensing, and relates to the technical field of outer contour measurement. The device includes the electronic revolving stage that is on a parallel with the horizontal plane and places, is fixed with a supporting beam on the electronic revolving stage rotor, and a supporting beam and guide rail connecting block hinged joint are fixed with linear guide on the guide rail connecting block, are equipped with the removal slider on the linear guide, and the removal slider passes through the connecting block and links to each other with the linear actuator stator, and the linear actuator active cell passes through the connecting block and links to each other with laser displacement sensor. The laser displacement sensor is driven by the electric turntable to rotate in a 360-degree circumferential stepping manner, the polar coordinates of the sampling points on the surface of the outer contour of the pipe shell piece are obtained through measurement, and after the sampling points are connected, the outer contour diagram of the pipe shell piece to be measured can be displayed in the polar coordinate system, so that the measurement of the shape and the size of the outer contour of the pipe shell piece is realized. The measuring device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, high working efficiency, high measuring precision and good detection flexibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of outer contour measurement, in particular to a method and a device for measuring the outer diameter of a pipe shell based on photoelectric sensing.
Background
In the fields of energy chemical industry, power electronics and the like, large-caliber pipe shell parts are widely applied, such as aviation kerosene transportation pipelines, motor shells, gun barrels and the like. The shape and size of the outer contour of the pipe shell piece have important influence on the assembly and the function of the pipe shell piece, the measurement of the outer contour of the pipe shell piece is a measurement problem in the engineering field, and especially for the pipe shell piece with larger diameter and complex outer contour appearance, a mature solution capable of meeting the detection requirement is not available at present.
The conventional measuring method and measuring instrument are not easy to realize automatic detection of the pipe shell piece with larger diameter and complex outer contour appearance, and have the problems of low detection efficiency, low detection precision, inconvenient operation, poor detection flexibility and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for measuring the outer diameter of a tube shell based on photoelectric sensing, aiming at solving the problems of low detection efficiency, inconvenient operation and poor detection flexibility of the existing measuring device and method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the shell member outer diameter measuring device based on photoelectric sensing comprises an electric turntable, wherein a stator of the electric turntable is placed in parallel to a horizontal plane, a supporting beam is fixed on a rotor of the electric turntable, the axial lead of the supporting beam is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and a horizontal limiting block and a vertical limiting block are fixed on the supporting beam; the supporting beam is hinged with the guide rail connecting block, and a connecting block locking piece is arranged on the guide rail connecting block; a linear guide rail is fixed at the front end of the guide rail connecting block, a moving slide block is arranged on the linear guide rail, and a slide block locking part is arranged on the moving slide block; a scale grating is fixed on the linear guide rail, and a grating reading head is arranged on the scale grating; the grating reading head is fixedly connected with the movable sliding block; the movable sliding block is fixedly connected with a linear driver stator through a driver connecting block, and the axial lead of the linear driver stator is perpendicular to the linear guide rail; the linear driver rotor is fixedly connected with the laser displacement sensor through a sensor connecting block; the rotation center line of the electric turntable rotor, the shaft axis of the supporting beam, the shaft axis of the linear guide rail and the shaft axis of the linear driver rotor are coplanar.
Preferably, the laser displacement sensor is a diffuse reflection type laser displacement sensor.
The invention also provides a tube shell outer diameter measuring method of the tube shell outer diameter measuring device based on photoelectric sensing, which comprises the following steps:
step one, rotating the guide rail connecting block 108 anticlockwise until the axis of the linear guide rail 110 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and locking the guide rail connecting block 108, sleeving the measured pipe shell component 104 outside the measuring device, and then placing the measured pipe shell component 104 on a measuring platform from top to bottom;
step two, clockwise rotating the guide rail connecting block 108 until the axis of the linear guide rail 110 is parallel to the horizontal plane and locking the guide rail connecting block 108, adjusting the position of the movable slider 113 according to the outer diameter of the measured pipe shell component 104, locking the movable slider 113, adjusting the feeding amount of the linear driver mover 117 and controlling the laser displacement sensor 120 to be at a set height;
step three, starting the electric turntable 101, and driving the laser displacement sensor 120 to circumferentially step-by-step rotate by 360 degrees by the electric turntable rotor 102, wherein each step angle is rotatedθThe distance from the laser emitting end face 119 to the surface of the measured-quantity-tube component 104 is obtainedD n ；
Fourthly, calculating laser displacement according to the reading of the grating reading head 112 of the grating ruler, the distance from the rotating center of the rotary table (101) to the zero scale position of the grating ruler (111) in the axial direction of the grating ruler and the distance from the laser emission end surface (119) to the grating reading head (112)The distance D from the laser emitting end face 119 of the sensor 120 to the rotation center line of the electric turntable rotor 102; the rotation center of the electric turntable rotor 102 is set as the origin of the coordinate system, the initial rotation angle is set as 0, and the first rotation is performednAngle of each stepθThe polar coordinate of the surface point of the measured-instrument component 104 is obtained as (nθ,D-D n )；
Step four, the motor-driven turntable rotor 102 rotates for one circle to obtain (360 >θ+1) measurement data will be (360 +θAnd +1) converting the measurement data into polar coordinate system coordinate points, connecting all the polar coordinate system coordinate points, and displaying an outer contour diagram of the measured pipe shell 104, so as to obtain the outer diameter of the measured pipe shell 104.
Has the advantages that:
1. the invention adopts a diffuse reflection type laser displacement sensor and an electric turntable, designs a method and a device for measuring the outer diameter of a tube shell based on photoelectric sensing, the device can carry out high-precision non-contact measurement on the outer contour of the tube shell under the non-centering condition, and is particularly suitable for the high-precision measurement on the outer diameter of a cylindrical tube shell;
2. the horizontal position of the laser displacement sensor is adjusted through the linear guide rail and the movable sliding block, so that the outer contours of pipe shell pieces with different diameters can be measured;
3. the vertical position adjustment of the laser displacement sensor is realized by driving of the linear driver, and the measurement of the outer contours of the pipe shell piece at different axial positions can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the measuring device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a measuring device with a linear guide rail vertically arranged;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a measuring device with a horizontally disposed linear guide rail;
FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the results of the outer profile measurement of the tube housing piece;
in the figure: 101-an electric turret stator; 102-an electric turntable rotor; 103-a support beam; 104-case parts; 105-a horizontal stop block; 106-center of rotation; 107-vertical stop blocks; 108-guide rail connection block; 109-connecting block locking member; 110-linear guide rail; 111-scale grating; 112-grating read head; 113-moving the slider; 114-a slider lock; 115-drive connection block; 116-a linear drive stator; 117-linear driver mover; 118-sensor connection block; 119-laser emitting end face; 120-laser displacement sensor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
The invention provides a device for measuring the outer diameter of a pipe shell based on photoelectric sensing, which can measure the outer contour of the pipe shell based on a laser displacement sensor and also provides a specific method for measuring the outer diameter of the pipe shell by using the device.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present embodiment is a shell-and-tube outer diameter measuring device based on photoelectric sensing, which includes: the electric turntable 101 is placed on the measuring platform, and is used for supporting the whole measuring device; a supporting beam 103 is fixed on the electric turntable 101, the electric turntable 101 provides axial rotation driving force for the supporting beam 103, and the axial line of the supporting beam 103 is perpendicular to the measuring platform;
the device also comprises a linear guide rail 110 which is vertical to the support beam 103, wherein a laser displacement sensor 120 is connected to the linear guide rail 110, and the laser displacement sensor 120 is hung on the linear guide rail 110;
the measured pipe casing 104 is sleeved outside the supporting beam 103, the laser displacement sensor 120 is positioned outside the measured pipe casing 104, and the laser displacement sensor 120 rotates around the supporting beam 103 under the driving of the electric turntable 101, so that laser is emitted to the outer surface of the measured pipe casing 104.
The laser displacement sensor 120 in the embodiment adopts a diffuse reflection type laser displacement sensor, and is based on the diffuse reflection type laser displacement sensor and an electric turntable, the invention designs a method for measuring the outer diameter of a tube shell based on photoelectric sensing, the device can carry out high-precision non-contact measurement on the outer contour of the tube shell under the non-centering condition, and is particularly suitable for high-precision measurement on the outer diameter of a cylindrical tube shell.
Further, in order to realize the measurement of the pipe shell pieces with different outer diameters, the measuring device capable of adjusting the distance between the laser displacement sensor 120 and the supporting beam 103 provided by the embodiment specifically includes:
a movable sliding block 113 is arranged on the linear guide rail 110, and the movable sliding block 113 is connected with a laser displacement sensor 120; the linear guide rail 110 is fixed with a scale grating 111, the scale grating 111 is provided with a grating reading head 112, the grating reading head (112) is fixedly connected with a movable sliding block 113, and the distance between the laser displacement sensor 120 and the support beam 103 is determined by the reading of the grating reading head 112 of the scale grating.
The connection mode of the guide rail and the slide block is adopted, so that the laser displacement sensor 120 can change the position on the guide rail to adapt to the measurement of the outer diameters of the pipe shell pieces with different sizes.
Furthermore, in order to ensure that the position of the sensor is not changed during measurement, a slide locking member 114 is provided on the movable slide 113, and the slide locking member 114 is used for fixing the movable slide 113 at the current position.
Further, in order to realize the measurement of measuring the outer diameter of the pipe casing with variable size, the measuring device capable of adjusting the vertical height of the laser displacement sensor 120 provided by the embodiment is used for adjusting the different sections of the pipe casing which can be reached by the laser displacement sensor 120, and specifically:
the movable sliding block 113 is fixedly connected with the laser displacement sensor 120 through a driver assembly, the driver assembly comprises a driver connecting block 115 and a linear driver stator 116, and the axis of the linear driver stator 116 is perpendicular to the linear guide rail 110; the linear driver mover 117 is fixedly connected with the laser displacement sensor 120 through the sensor connecting block 118.
Based on the structure, the rotation center line of the electric turntable rotor 102, the axis line of the supporting beam 103, the axis line of the linear guide rail 110 and the axis line of the linear driver rotor can be coplanar, so that the laser displacement sensor 120 can be ensured to rotate by taking the axis line of the supporting beam 103 as an axis during rotation, the measured data are positioned on the same section of the pipe shell, and the accuracy of the measured data is ensured.
Further, in order to enable the pipe casing to be measured to smoothly pass through the measuring device, the linear guide rail 110 is designed to be of a rotatable structure, namely when the pipe casing to be measured does not exist, the linear guide rail 110 and the supporting beam 103 are located on the same straight line, the whole width of the measuring device is reduced, the pipe casing to be measured can contain the measuring device and finally reach the measuring platform, and the linear guide rail 110 rotates to the measuring position after the pipe casing to be measured is installed. The method is realized by the following specific structure:
the linear guide rail 110 is connected to the tail end of the support beam 103 through a guide rail connecting block 108, and the guide rail connecting block 108 is hinged to the support beam 103; the tail end of the supporting beam 103 is fixedly provided with a horizontal limiting block 105 and a vertical limiting block 107, the horizontal limiting block 105 is located below the guide rail connecting block 108 in the horizontal state, and the vertical limiting block 107 is located on the left side of the guide rail connecting block 108 in the vertical state and respectively provides limiting supports of the horizontal position and the vertical position for the guide rail connecting block 108. Be equipped with connecting block retaining member 109 on the guide rail connecting block 108, connecting block retaining member 109 is used for with the guide rail connecting block is fixed at its current position.
The horizontal position of the laser displacement sensor is adjusted through the linear guide rail and the movable sliding block, so that the outer contours of pipe shell pieces with different diameters can be measured; the vertical position adjustment of the laser displacement sensor is realized by driving of the linear driver, and the measurement of the outer contours of the pipe shell piece at different axial positions can be realized.
Example 2
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention also provides a shell and tube member outer contour measuring method based on the laser displacement sensor, which comprises the following steps:
(1) as shown in fig. 2, before the measurement operation starts, the guide rail connecting block 108 is rotated counterclockwise around the rotation center 106 until the axis line of the linear guide rail 110 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane and locked, the measured pipe casing 104 is placed on the horizontal plane from top to bottom, and the measuring device is arranged in the inner cavity of the measured pipe casing 104;
(2) after the position setting of the measured pipe shell 104 is completed, rotating the guide rail connecting block 108 around the rotation center 106 until the axis of the linear guide rail 110 is parallel to the horizontal plane and locking, adjusting the position of the movable slider 113 according to the outer diameter of the measured pipe shell 104 and locking the movable slider 113, adjusting the feeding amount of the linear driver mover 117 under the control of the control system, and controlling the laser displacement sensor 120 to be at a proper height, wherein the laser emitting end face 119 of the laser displacement sensor 120 is parallel to the rotation center line of the electric turntable rotor 102, and the emitted laser of the laser displacement sensor 120 is parallel to the horizontal plane and is coplanar with the rotation center line of the electric turntable rotor 102;
(3) under the control of the control system, the electric turntable rotor 102 drives the laser displacement sensor 120 to rotate in a 360-degree circumferential stepping manner, and each step angle is formed by every rotationθThe distance from the laser emitting end face 119 to the surface of the measured package 104 is measured by the laser displacement sensor 120D n ；
(4) The distance D from the laser emission end face 119 of the laser displacement sensor 120 to the rotation center line of the electric turntable rotor 102 is calculated by using the measurement data of the grating reading head 112 of the grating ruler and the mechanical structure size of the measuring device, the rotation center of the electric turntable rotor is taken as the origin of a coordinate system, the initial rotation angle is set to be 0, and the electric turntable rotor rotates the first timenAngle of each stepθThe polar coordinate of the surface point of the measured tube component is (nθ,D-D n )；
(5) The electric turntable rotor 102 rotates for one circle(360/θ+1) measurement data, the above-mentioned (360 +θ+1) measured data convert polar coordinate system coordinate point into, draw measured data coordinate point in polar coordinate system, after connecting these points, can show the outline drawing of being surveyed the casing spare in polar coordinate system, as shown in figure 4, to cylindrical casing spare, according to measured data coordinate point, can accurately calculate the outer diameter and the centre of a circle point position of casing spare.
Through the steps of the method, the measuring device can perform high-precision non-contact measurement on the outer contour of the pipe casing piece under the non-centering condition, the horizontal position of the laser displacement sensor is adjusted through the linear guide rail and the movable sliding block so as to measure the outer contour of the pipe casing pieces with different diameters, and the vertical position of the laser displacement sensor is adjusted through the driving of the linear driver so as to measure the outer contour of the pipe casing piece at different axial positions.
The limitation of the protection scope of the present invention is understood by those skilled in the art, and various modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without inventive efforts based on the technical solution of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A tube shell member external diameter measuring device based on photoelectric sensing is characterized by comprising:
the electric turntable (101), the electric turntable (101) is placed on the measuring platform and used for supporting the whole measuring device; a supporting beam (103) is fixed on the electric rotary table (101), the electric rotary table (101) provides axial rotation driving force for the supporting beam (103), and the axial line of the supporting beam (103) is perpendicular to the measuring platform;
the device is characterized by further comprising a linear guide rail (110) perpendicular to the supporting beam (103), wherein a laser displacement sensor (120) is connected to the linear guide rail (110), and the laser displacement sensor (120) is hung on the linear guide rail (110);
the measured pipe shell (104) is sleeved outside the supporting beam (103), the laser displacement sensor (120) is located on the outer side of the measured pipe shell (104), and under the driving of the electric rotary table (101), the laser displacement sensor (120) rotates around the supporting beam (103) shaft, so that laser is emitted to the outer surface of the measured pipe shell (104).
2. The photoelectric sensing-based tube and package member outer diameter measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a moving slider (113) is arranged on the linear guide rail (110), and a laser displacement sensor (120) is connected to the moving slider (113); the laser displacement sensor is characterized in that a scale grating (111) is fixed on the linear guide rail (110), a grating reading head (112) is arranged on the scale grating (111), the grating reading head (112) is fixedly connected with a movable sliding block (113), and the distance between the laser displacement sensor (120) and the supporting beam (103) is determined through the reading of the grating reading head (112) of the grating ruler.
3. The photoelectric sensing-based package member outer diameter measuring device of claim 2, wherein the moving slider (113) is fixedly connected with the laser displacement sensor (120) through a driver assembly, the driver assembly comprises a driver connecting block (115) and a linear driver stator (116), and the axial lead of the linear driver stator (116) is perpendicular to the linear guide rail (110); the linear driver rotor (117) is fixedly connected with the laser displacement sensor (120) through a sensor connecting block (118).
4. A photoelectric sensing-based package member outer diameter measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the rotation center line of the electric turntable rotor (102), the axis line of the support beam (103), the axis line of the linear guide rail (110) and the axis line of the linear driver mover are coplanar.
5. A photoelectric sensing-based tube and package member outer diameter measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the linear guide rail (110) is connected to the end of the support beam (103) through a guide rail connecting block (108), and the guide rail connecting block (108) is hinged with the support beam (103); the end of the supporting beam (103) is fixed with a horizontal limiting block (105) and a vertical limiting block (107), the horizontal limiting block (105) is located below the guide rail connecting block (108) in the horizontal state, and the vertical limiting block (107) is located on the left side of the guide rail connecting block (108) in the vertical state and respectively provides a horizontal position and a vertical position for the guide rail connecting block (108).
6. A photoelectric sensing-based package outer diameter measuring device according to claim 5, wherein the rail connecting block (108) is provided with a connecting block locking member (109), and the connecting block locking member (109) is used for fixing the rail connecting block at the current position.
7. A shell member outer diameter measuring device based on photoelectric sensing of claim 5, characterized in that the moving slider (113) is provided with a slider locking member (114), and the slider locking member (114) is used for fixing the moving slider (113) at the current position.
8. The photoelectric sensing-based tube and package outer diameter measuring device according to claim 5, wherein the laser displacement sensor (120) is a diffuse reflection type laser displacement sensor.
9. The method for measuring the outer diameter of the pipe shell of the photoelectric sensing-based pipe shell outer diameter measuring device according to claim 5, wherein the measuring method comprises the following steps:
step one, rotating the guide rail connecting block (108) anticlockwise until the axis line of the linear guide rail (110) is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, locking the guide rail connecting block (108), sleeving the measured pipe shell component (104) outside the measuring device, and then placing the measured pipe shell component (104) on a measuring platform from top to bottom;
clockwise rotating the guide rail connecting block (108) until the axis of the linear guide rail (110) is parallel to the horizontal plane, locking the guide rail connecting block (108), adjusting the position of a movable slider (113) according to the outer diameter of the measured pipe shell component (104), locking the movable slider (113), adjusting the feeding amount of a linear driver rotor (117), and controlling a laser displacement sensor (120) to be at a set height;
step three, the electric turntable (101) is started, the electric turntable rotor (102) drives the laser displacement sensor (120) to rotate in a circumferential stepping mode at 360 degrees, and each step angle is rotatedθObtaining the distance from the laser emitting end face (119) to the surface of the measured tube component (104)D n ；
Fourthly, calculating the distance D from the laser emission end face (119) of the laser displacement sensor (120) to the rotation center line of the electric turntable rotor (102) according to the reading of the grating reading head (112) of the grating ruler, the distance from the rotation center of the turntable (101) to the zero scale position of the grating ruler (111) in the axis direction of the grating ruler and the distance from the laser emission end face (119) to the grating reading head (112); the rotation center of the electric turntable rotor (102) is used as the origin of a coordinate system, the initial rotation angle is set as 0, and the first rotation is performednAngle of each stepθThe polar coordinates of the surface point of the measured tube component (104) are obtained as (nθ,D-D n )；
Fourthly, the rotor (102) of the electric turntable rotates for a circle to obtain (360 >θ+1) measurement data will be (360 +θAnd +1) converting the measured data into polar coordinate system coordinate points, connecting all the polar coordinate system coordinate points to display an outer contour diagram of the measured pipe shell piece (104), and obtaining the outer diameter of the measured pipe shell piece (104).
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| CN202010412956.8A CN111521122A (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Method and device for measuring outer diameter of pipe shell based on photoelectric sensing |
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| CN202010412956.8A CN111521122A (en) | 2020-05-15 | 2020-05-15 | Method and device for measuring outer diameter of pipe shell based on photoelectric sensing |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112304228A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-02 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Length measuring device applying grating technology |
| CN114653867A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-24 | 无锡市荣亿塑料电器有限公司 | Machining process for automatically adjusting outer diameter of spring tube |
| CN117470165A (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2024-01-30 | 中国航发南方工业有限公司 | Method for measuring radius and cylindrical runout of rotor assembly |
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| CN117470165A (en) * | 2023-09-26 | 2024-01-30 | 中国航发南方工业有限公司 | Method for measuring radius and cylindrical runout of rotor assembly |
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Application publication date: 20200811 |