CN111521043A - Micro-channel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano powder - Google Patents
Micro-channel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN111521043A CN111521043A CN202010332092.9A CN202010332092A CN111521043A CN 111521043 A CN111521043 A CN 111521043A CN 202010332092 A CN202010332092 A CN 202010332092A CN 111521043 A CN111521043 A CN 111521043A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D7/10—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically
- F28D7/103—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged one within the other, e.g. concentrically consisting of more than two coaxial conduits or modules of more than two coaxial conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F11/00—Arrangements for sealing leaky tubes and conduits
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
- F28F9/22—Arrangements for directing heat-exchange media into successive compartments, e.g. arrangements of guide plates
Abstract
The utility model provides a microchannel regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis nanometer powder, includes that top-down distributes shunts casing, distribution header, heat transfer base member and bottom, wherein: the flow distribution shell comprises 5 sleeves which are coaxially arranged and have sequentially increasing radiuses, 4 annular flow channels I are formed between every two adjacent sleeves, a cold fluid two straight flow channel is arranged in the innermost sleeve and penetrates through the axes of the distribution header, the heat exchange base body and the bottom cover, and 4 annular flow channels II and 4 annular cavities I are distributed around the cold fluid two straight flow channel in the distribution header; the invention solves the problems of rapid precursor temperature rise, rapid reaction product cooling and agglomeration prevention of the SCHS technology, can recover waste heat and improve heat exchange efficiency, and lays a good foundation for the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis technology to advance from laboratory and pilot scale to large-scale batch production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heat regenerator in the technical fields of energy, chemical industry, environmental protection, synthetic materials and the like, in particular to a micro-channel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder.
Background
Supercritical Water (SCW) is a Water having a specific existence form which has both gas and liquid properties when the temperature and pressure are higher than the critical state (T: 374.15 ℃, P: 22.12 MPa). In this form, the dielectric constant in water decreases and the density of hydrogen bonds is extremely low, with high diffusion rates and low viscosities and complete miscibility with many substances, which can alter the reaction rate and chemical equilibrium.
Supercritical hydrothermal synthesis (SCHS) is a method for synthesizing nanoparticles of metals and metal oxides by utilizing the large specific heat characteristic of supercritical water to realize rapid temperature rise of preheated water and low-temperature precursor solution (usually metal salt solution) in a specific mixer and high-efficiency chemical reactions including hydrolysis reaction, dehydration reaction, reduction reaction and the like. Because the reaction is carried out in a closed space and other pollutants are not introduced in the reaction process, the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis technology is considered to be an environment-friendly nanometer preparation technology in the industries of energy, chemical industry, environmental protection, synthetic materials and the like.
The technological process of continuous supercritical hydrothermal synthesis consists of 3 parts, including material feeding/preheating system, mixing/reaction system and cooling/material recovering system. In the cooling/material recovery system, the outlet product of the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reactor enters the heat regenerator to carry out heat exchange to heat cold water entering the heat regenerator, so that the heat of the outlet product is prevented from being taken away by circulating cooling water, the heat of a heat source is fully utilized, the heat consumption rate is reduced, rapid heating and efficient mixing are realized, and therefore, agglomeration of nano particles is prevented, and high-quality products are produced. The heat exchange performance and hydraulic performance of the regenerator have important influences on the whole system cycle, even the system stability and production efficiency.
At present, in a continuous supercritical hydrothermal synthesis system, a large amount of heat is lost by a multi-purpose water-spraying cooler, even if some mechanisms adopt a heat regenerator, certain technical problems of the traditional sleeve-type or shell-and-tube cooler also exist: (1) the utilization rate of the heat exchange area is low, the heat loss is large, the heat exchange efficiency is low, the circulation efficiency is poor, and the system cannot realize rapid temperature rise and efficient mixing; (2) the residence time of the crystal in the tube is long, the particles are agglomerated in the nucleation and crystallization process, and the quality of the produced product is poor; (3) the cooling time of the hot fluid is long, the temperature of the outlet product cannot be quickly reduced, agglomeration is easy to occur, the problems of blockage, siltation and the like in the regenerator tube are caused, and the stability of the system is influenced. The above problems are more pronounced especially for large-scale continuous mass production of nanoparticles.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano powder, which breaks through the limitation of the traditional heat regenerator structure, designs a microchannel, the heat exchange matrix is provided with each pore with the compact distribution and the small diameter (1-3 mm), thereby increasing the contact between the fluid and the wall surface, expanding the heat exchange area, ensuring the fluid to flow at high flow speed and extremely short heat exchange time, thereby ensuring the recycling of heat, realizing more rapid and efficient heat regeneration, reducing energy consumption, improving the cycle efficiency, thermal economy and stability of the system, finally solving the problems of rapid temperature rise of the precursor of the SCHS technology, rapid cooling of reaction products and agglomeration prevention, can recover the waste heat and improve the heat exchange efficiency, and lays a good foundation for the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis technology to advance from laboratory and pilot scale to large-scale batch production.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a microchannel regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis nanometer powder, includes that top-down distributes shunts casing 12, distribution header 16, heat transfer base member 19 and bottom 9, wherein:
the flow dividing shell 12 comprises a first sleeve 1, a second sleeve 2, a third sleeve 3, a fourth sleeve 4 and a fifth sleeve 5 which are coaxially arranged and have sequentially increasing radiuses, 4 sealing top covers 14 are respectively positioned at the top ends of the joints of the two adjacent sleeves, 4 sealing gaskets 6 are respectively filled on the sealing top covers 14 and the contact surfaces of the two adjacent sleeves, an annular flow channel A131 is arranged between the inner wall of the fifth sleeve 5 and the outer wall of the fourth sleeve 4, an annular flow channel B132 is arranged between the inner wall of the fourth sleeve 4 and the outer wall of the third sleeve 3, an annular flow channel C133 is arranged between the inner wall of the third sleeve 3 and the outer wall of the second sleeve 2, an annular flow channel D134 is arranged between the inner wall of the second sleeve 2 and the outer wall of the first sleeve 1, a cold fluid two through flow channel 11 is arranged in the first sleeve 1, the cold fluid two through flow channel 11 is connected with a cold fluid two inlet N1 at the top, the annular flow channel D134 is connected with a hot fluid outlet, the first annular flow passage B132 is connected with a cold fluid outlet N4 at the upper part, and the first annular flow passage A131 is connected with a hot fluid inlet N5 at the upper part;
the two cold fluid straight runners 11 penetrate through the axis of the distribution header 16, two annular runners A151, two annular runners B152, two annular runners C153 and two annular runners D154 are further distributed in the distribution header 16 around the two cold fluid straight runners 11, the top ends of the two annular runners A131, the first annular runner B132, the first annular runner C133 and the first annular runner D134 are correspondingly communicated with the bottom ends of the first annular runner A151, the second annular runner B152, the second annular runner C153 and the second annular runner D154, and the bottom ends of the second annular runner A151, the second annular runner B152, the second annular runner C153 and the second annular runner D154 are respectively communicated with the first annular cavity A171, the first annular cavity B172, the first annular cavity C173 and the first annular cavity D174;
the second cold fluid straight-through flow channel 11 penetrates through the axis of the heat exchange matrix 19, a plurality of straight-through single flow channels A181, a plurality of straight-through single flow channels B182, a plurality of straight-through single flow channels C183 and a plurality of straight-through single flow channels D184, the top ends of which are respectively communicated with the first annular cavity A171, the first annular cavity B172, the first annular cavity C173 and the first annular cavity D174, are further distributed in the heat exchange matrix 19 around the second cold fluid straight-through flow channel 11, and the bottom ends of each straight-through single flow channel A181, each straight-through single flow channel B182, each straight-through single flow channel C183 and each straight-through single flow channel D184 are respectively connected with the second annular cavity A201, the second annular cavity B202, the second annular cavity C203 and the second annular cavity D204, wherein the second annular cavity A201 is communicated with the second annular cavity D204 through a heat communication flow channel 21, and the second;
the bottom cover 9 is arranged at the bottom end of the heat exchange base body 19, and the second cold fluid outlet N6 penetrates through the bottom cover 9 to be communicated with the second cold fluid through flow passage 11.
Further, the lower end of the step of the distribution header 16 is tightly matched with the upper end of the step of the heat exchange base 19 to form a sealed annular cavity I17; the lower end of a heat exchange base body 19 which is provided with 4 annular grooves is tightly matched with the bottom cover 9 to form a second sealed annular cavity 20.
Further, the top end positions of the first sleeve 1, the second sleeve 2, the third sleeve 3, the fourth sleeve 4 and the fifth sleeve 5 are sequentially lowered, and the hot fluid outlet N2, the first cold fluid inlet N3, the first cold fluid outlet N4 and the hot fluid inlet N5 respectively penetrate through the side walls of the second sleeve 2, the third sleeve 3, the fourth sleeve 4 and the fifth sleeve 5 to be communicated with the corresponding first annular flow channel 13.
Furthermore, the upper parts of the side surfaces of the first sleeve 1, the second sleeve 2, the third sleeve 3 and the fourth sleeve 4 are provided with annular boss structures which are respectively tightly matched with the top ends of the second sleeve 2, the third sleeve 3, the fourth sleeve 4 and the fifth sleeve 5 which are adjacent through a first sealing washer 6, a sealing top cover 14 is installed at the top end of each boss structure and is matched with the first sealing washer 6 to tightly assemble and seal the two adjacent sleeves, and an annular cavity, namely an annular flow passage one 13, is formed between the two adjacent sleeves.
Furthermore, the bottom end of the shunt shell 12 and the top end of the distribution header 16, the bottom end of the distribution header 16 and the top end of the heat exchange base body 19, and the bottom end of the heat exchange base body 19 and the bottom cover 9 are respectively connected and sealed by fastening bolts 10 and a third sealing washer 8, a second sealing washer 7 is positioned at the root of the fastening bolts 10 and is tightly matched with the connection surfaces, and a plurality of fastening bolts 10 are arranged on each connection surface and are symmetrically distributed in a circular ring shape.
Further, 4 sets of first sealing gaskets 6 are filled on the contact surface of each sleeve in the top sealing cover 14, and 3 sets of second sealing gaskets 7 are arranged on the contact surface of the fastening bolt 10 and the shunt shell 12 or the bottom cover 9; three 8 sets of 3 sealing gaskets are arranged on the contact surfaces of the inner steps of the flow dividing shell 12, the distribution header 16, the heat exchange base body 19 and the bottom cover in a multi-stage mode.
Further, the heat exchange substrate 19 is made of stainless steel 316L, carbon steel, low alloy steel, copper, aluminum or nickel and alloys thereof.
Furthermore, each straight-through single channel A181, each straight-through single channel B182, each straight-through single channel C183 and each straight-through single channel D184 are distributed in a ring shape, and are arranged on the heat exchange matrix 19 at equal intervals and equal angles, the pore diameter of each straight-through single channel is 1-3 mm, and the rings are concentrically distributed.
Further, there are two hot communication flow passages 21 and four cold communication flow passages 22, which are symmetrically distributed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) in the process of supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of the nano material, the micro-channel heat exchange is adopted, so that the contact between the fluid and the wall surface is increased, the heat exchange area is expanded, the fluid is ensured to flow at a high flow rate, the product at the outlet of the reactor enters the heat regenerator to carry out heat exchange to heat the cold water entering the heat regenerator, and the heat of the product at the outlet is prevented from being taken away by the circulating cooling water, so that the heat is ensured to be recycled, the heat is regenerated more quickly and efficiently, the energy consumption is reduced, and the circulation efficiency, the heat economy and the stability of the system are improved.
(2) The invention has extremely short heat exchange time, short cooling time of hot fluid, rapid temperature reduction of outlet products and inhibition of blockage of the heat regenerator; the cold fluid can be heated rapidly, the nucleated crystals are not easy to agglomerate, and the produced nano material has small grain diameter and good dispersity.
(3) The invention can realize the rapid preheating and temperature rise of the reaction precursor solution, accelerate the crystallization rate, improve the conversion rate and the nucleation rate and lay the foundation for the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis process to move from the laboratory and the pilot scale to the large-scale batch production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a microchannel regenerator of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the distribution of the top end flow channels of the heat exchange matrix of the microchannel regenerator of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the bottom end flow channel distribution of the heat exchange substrate of the microchannel heat regenerator of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 2 and fig. 3, the microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nanopowder of the present invention comprises a flow splitting shell 12, a distribution header 16, a heat exchange matrix 19 and a bottom cover 9, which are distributed from top to bottom, wherein:
the flow dividing shell 12 comprises a first sleeve 1, a second sleeve 2, a third sleeve 3, a fourth sleeve 4 and a fifth sleeve 5 which are coaxially arranged and have sequentially increasing radiuses, 4 sealing top covers 14 are respectively positioned at the top ends of the joints of the two adjacent sleeves, 4 sealing gaskets 6 are respectively filled on the sealing top covers 14 and the contact surfaces of the two adjacent sleeves, an annular flow channel A131 is arranged between the inner wall of the fifth sleeve 5 and the outer wall of the fourth sleeve 4, an annular flow channel B132 is arranged between the inner wall of the fourth sleeve 4 and the outer wall of the third sleeve 3, an annular flow channel C133 is arranged between the inner wall of the third sleeve 3 and the outer wall of the second sleeve 2, an annular flow channel D134 is arranged between the inner wall of the second sleeve 2 and the outer wall of the first sleeve 1, a cold fluid two straight-through flow channel 11 is arranged in the first sleeve 1, the cold fluid two straight-through flow channel 11 is connected with a cold fluid second inlet N1 at the top, the annular flow channel D134 is connected, the first annular flow passage B132 is connected with a cold fluid outlet N4 at the upper part, and the first annular flow passage A131 is connected with a hot fluid inlet N5 at the upper part;
the second cold fluid straight-through flow channel 11 penetrates through the axis of the distribution header 16, a second annular flow channel A151, a second annular flow channel B152, a second annular flow channel C153 and a second annular flow channel D154 are further distributed in the distribution header 16 around the second cold fluid straight-through flow channel 11, the top ends of the second annular flow channel A151, the second annular flow channel B132, the first annular flow channel C133 and the first annular flow channel D134 are correspondingly communicated with the bottom ends of the first annular flow channel A131, the second annular flow channel B152, the second annular flow channel C153 and the second annular flow channel D154, and the bottom ends of the second annular flow channel A151, the second annular flow channel B152, the second annular flow channel C153 and the second annular flow channel D154 are respectively communicated with the first;
the cold fluid two straight-through flow passage 11 penetrates through the axis of the heat exchange matrix 19, a plurality of straight-through single flow passages A181, a plurality of straight-through single flow passages B182, a plurality of straight-through single flow passages C183 and a plurality of straight-through single flow passages D184, the top ends of which are respectively communicated with the annular cavity A171, the annular cavity B172, the annular cavity C173 and the annular cavity D174, are further distributed in the heat exchange matrix 19 around the cold fluid two straight-through flow passage 11, the bottom ends of each straight-through single flow passage A181, each straight-through single flow passage B182, each straight-through single flow passage C183 and each straight-through single flow passage D184 are respectively connected with the annular cavity II A201, the annular cavity II B202, the annular cavity II C203 and the, the second annular cavity A201 is communicated with the second annular cavity D204 through a heat communication flow passage 21, the second annular cavity B202 is communicated with the second annular cavity C203 through a cold communication flow passage 22, in the embodiment, two heat communication flow passages 21 are provided, and four cold communication flow passages 22 are provided and are symmetrically distributed;
the bottom cover 9 is arranged at the bottom end of the heat exchange base body 19, and the second cold fluid outlet N6 penetrates through the bottom cover 9 to be communicated with the second cold fluid through flow passage 11.
Namely, each sleeve is butted with the sealing top cover 14 to form a closed space, the position of the sleeve is connected and reinforced, and the sealing gaskets 6, the sealing gaskets 7 and the sealing gaskets 8 are filled on different contact surfaces, so that elements connected with each other are tightly attached, and the external air is prevented from entering the device and different fluids are prevented from being mixed along a gap; the second annular flow channel 15 and the first annular cavity 17 in the distribution header 16 can improve the flow velocity of the fluid in the distribution header 16, provide conditions for heat exchange of each fluid in the heat exchange matrix 19, accelerate the heat exchange rate and improve the heat exchange efficiency. The direct current single channel 18 in the heat exchange matrix 19 is communicated with the second annular cavity 20 and the second annular channel 15, and can evenly disperse each heat exchange fluid into different stages of heat exchange pores, so that the heat exchange in the heat exchange matrix is uniform, the heat exchange speed is accelerated, and the heat loss is reduced.
According to the structure, the invention can achieve three-stage countercurrent heat exchange at most, and the working process is as follows:
a strand of reaction precursor solution under normal temperature and supercritical pressure state is used as a cold fluid I, enters from a cold fluid I inlet N3, is uniformly dispersed into a circular compact distributed direct current single channel A183 with the diameter of 1-3 mm through a circular channel I C133, a circular channel II C153 and a circular cavity I C173, then enters a circular cavity II B202 through a circular cavity II C203 and a cold communication channel 22, is further uniformly dispersed into a direct current single channel B182 with opposite flow direction, then flows out from a cold fluid I outlet N4 through a circular cavity I B172, a circular channel II B152 and a circular channel I B132.
And the other stream of water under the normal temperature and pressure state is taken as a second cold fluid, enters from a second cold fluid inlet N1 and flows out from a second cold fluid outlet N6.
Reacting fluid under supercritical temperature and pressure (>374.15 ℃ and >22.12MPa) serves as hot fluid, flows out of a synthesis reactor, enters from a hot fluid inlet N5, passes through an annular runner A131, an annular runner A151 and an annular cavity A171, and is then dispersed into a direct-current single channel A181 which is in annular compact distribution and has the diameter of 1-3 mm, metal heat exchange materials on the wall surface of a heat exchange substrate 19 and flowing cold fluid I flowing out of the direct-current single channel B182 carry out rapid and uniform countercurrent heat exchange, the heat exchange area is increased, the heat exchange efficiency is improved, the temperature of the hot fluid is rapidly reduced, the cooled hot fluid flows through the annular cavity A201 and a heat communication runner 21 and is evenly dispersed into a direct-current single channel D184 with opposite flow directions, the cooled fluid I meets cold fluid II again along opposite tracks, and passes through the annular cavity A174, the annular runner II 154, the annular cavity A174, the annular runner II, The annular flow channel I D134 flows out of a hot fluid outlet N2, and the temperature of the outflow hot fluid is kept at a set value after being cooled by process requirements;
because the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis temperature is high, the scholars think that the operating temperature is 350 ℃, 400 ℃ and 450 ℃ and the product has small grain size and good dispersion degree; the cold fluid at the central axis enters the second cold fluid straight-through channel from the second cold fluid inlet, the channel penetrates through the flow dividing shell, the distribution header and the heat exchange matrix, the heat exchange matrix performs countercurrent heat exchange with the second-stage hot fluid in the direct-current single channel D184, the cold fluid flows out from the first cold fluid outlet N6 at the bottom of the bottom cover, the waste heat of the flowing hot fluid is recycled, the heat exchange efficiency of the heat regenerator is improved, the fluid residence time is shortened, the grain size of nucleated crystals is reduced, the blockage of the heat regenerator channel is prevented, and the long-term, stable and safe operation of the system is ensured.
In a more preferred embodiment of the invention, the cold fluid secondary inlet N1, the hot fluid outlet N2, the cold fluid primary inlet N3, the cold fluid primary outlet N4 and the hot fluid inlet N5 are alternately distributed as inlets and outlets, i.e., the cold fluid secondary inlet N1 is adjacent to the hot fluid outlet N2, the hot fluid outlet N2 is adjacent to the cold fluid primary inlet N3, and the cold fluid outlet N4 is adjacent to the hot fluid inlet N5, so that better countercurrent heat exchange is realized.
In a more preferred embodiment of the invention, the top ends of the first sleeve 1, the second sleeve 2, the third sleeve 3, the fourth sleeve 4 and the fifth sleeve 5 are sequentially lowered, the hot fluid outlet N2, the first cold fluid inlet N3, the first cold fluid outlet N4 and the hot fluid inlet N5 respectively penetrate through the side walls of the second sleeve 2, the third sleeve 3, the fourth sleeve 4 and the fifth sleeve 5 to be communicated with the corresponding first annular flow channel 13, the upper parts of the side surfaces of the first sleeve 1, the second sleeve 2, the third sleeve 3 and the fourth sleeve 4 are provided with annular boss structures which are respectively tightly matched with the top ends of the adjacent second sleeve 2, the third sleeve 3, the fourth sleeve 4 and the fifth sleeve 5 through a first sealing washer 6, a sealing top cover 14 is arranged at the top end of each boss structure and is matched with the first sealing washer 6 to tightly assemble and seal the adjacent two sleeves, and an annular cavity, namely the first annular flow channel.
In a more preferred embodiment of the invention, the lower end of the step of the distribution header 16 is tightly matched with the upper end of the step of the heat exchange base body 19, and a sealing gasket III 8 is arranged between the contact surfaces of the distribution header and the heat exchange base body to form a sealed annular cavity I17 which is communicated with the annular flow channel II and the straight-through single flow channel upwards and downwards respectively; 4 annular grooves are processed at the lower end of the heat exchange base body 19 and are tightly matched with the bottom cover 9, and a sealing washer III 8 is arranged between the contact surfaces of the annular grooves to form 4 sealed annular cavities II 20.
In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom end of the flow dividing shell 12 and the top end of the distribution header 16, the bottom end of the distribution header 16 and the top end of the heat exchange base 19, and the bottom end of the heat exchange base 19 and the bottom cover 9 are respectively connected and sealed by the fastening bolt 10 and the third sealing washer 8, the second sealing washer 7 is located at the root of the fastening bolt 10 and is tightly matched with the connecting surfaces, and a plurality of fastening bolts 10 are arranged on each connecting surface and are circularly and symmetrically distributed.
In a more preferred embodiment of the invention, 4 sets of first sealing gaskets 6 are filled on the contact surface of each sleeve in the top sealing cover 14, and 3 sets of second sealing gaskets 7 are arranged on the contact surface of the fastening bolt 10 and the shunt shell 12 or the bottom cover 9; the multi-stage arrangement is arranged on the contact surfaces of the inner steps of the flow dividing shell 12, the distribution header 16, the heat exchange base body 19 and the bottom cover 9.
In the present invention, the material of the heat exchange substrate 19 includes, but is not limited to, one or more commercially available metal materials, such as stainless steel 316L, carbon steel and low alloy steel, copper, aluminum, nickel and alloys thereof, which are resistant to high temperature and high pressure.
Furthermore, each straight-through single channel A181, each straight-through single channel B182, each straight-through single channel C183 and each straight-through single channel D184 are distributed in a ring shape, and are arranged on the heat exchange matrix 19 at equal intervals and equal angles, the pore diameter of each straight-through single channel is 1-3 mm, and the rings are concentrically distributed.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a microchannel regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis nanometer powder which characterized in that, includes top-down's reposition of redundant personnel casing (12), distribution header (16), heat transfer base member (19) and bottom (9), wherein:
the flow dividing shell (12) comprises a first sleeve (1), a second sleeve (2), a third sleeve (3), a fourth sleeve (4) and a fifth sleeve (5) which are coaxially arranged and sequentially increase in radius, 4 sealing top covers (14) are respectively positioned at the top ends of the joints of the two adjacent sleeves, 4 sealing gaskets (6) are respectively filled on the sealing top covers (14) and the contact surfaces of the two adjacent sleeves, an annular flow channel A (131) is arranged between the inner wall of the fifth sleeve (5) and the outer wall of the fourth sleeve (4), an annular flow channel B (132) is arranged between the inner wall of the fourth sleeve (4) and the outer wall of the third sleeve (3), an annular flow channel C (133) is arranged between the inner wall of the third sleeve (3) and the outer wall of the second sleeve (2), an annular flow channel D (134) is arranged between the inner wall of the second sleeve (2) and the outer wall of the first sleeve (1), and a cold fluid two direct flow, the top of the second cold fluid straight-through channel (11) is connected with a second cold fluid inlet (N1), the upper part of the first annular channel D (134) is connected with a hot fluid outlet (N2), the upper part of the first annular channel C (133) is connected with a first cold fluid inlet (N3), the upper part of the first annular channel B (132) is connected with a cold fluid outlet (N4), and the upper part of the first annular channel A (131) is connected with a hot fluid inlet (N5);
the second cold fluid straight-through flow channel (11) penetrates through the axis of the distribution header (16), a second annular flow channel A (151), a second annular flow channel B (152), a second annular flow channel C (153) and a second annular flow channel D (154) which are correspondingly communicated with the bottom ends of the first cold fluid straight-through flow channel (11) at the top ends are distributed in the distribution header (16) around the second cold fluid straight-through flow channel (11), and the bottom ends of the second annular flow channel A (151), the second annular flow channel B (153) and the second annular flow channel D (154) are respectively communicated with the first annular cavity A (171), the first annular cavity B (172), the first annular cavity C (173) and the first annular cavity D (174);
the second cold fluid straight-through flow passage (11) penetrates through the axis of the heat exchange base body (19), a plurality of straight-through single flow passages A (181), a plurality of straight-through single flow passages B (182), a plurality of straight-through single flow passages C (183), a plurality of straight-through single flow passages D (184) which are respectively communicated with the annular cavity A (171), the annular cavity B (172), the annular cavity C (173) and the annular cavity D (174) at the top ends are further distributed in the heat exchange base body (19) around the second cold fluid straight-through flow passage (11), the bottom ends of each straight-through single flow passage A (181), each straight-through single flow passage B (182), each straight-through single flow passage C (183) and each straight-through single flow passage D (184) are respectively connected with the second annular cavity A (201), the second annular cavity B (202), the second annular cavity C (203) and the second annular cavity D (204), wherein the second annular cavity A (201) is communicated with the second annular cavity D (204), the annular cavity II B (202) is communicated with the annular cavity II C (203) through a cold communication flow passage (22);
the bottom cover (9) is arranged at the bottom end of the heat exchange base body (19), and the cold fluid two outlets (N6) penetrate through the bottom cover (9) and are communicated with the cold fluid two straight-through flow passages (11).
2. The micro-channel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the step of the distribution header (16) is tightly fitted with the upper end of the step of the heat exchange substrate (19) to form a first sealed annular cavity (17); the lower end of a heat exchange base body (19) which is provided with 4 annular grooves is tightly matched with the bottom cover (9) to form a sealed annular cavity II (20).
3. The micro-channel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder according to claim 1, wherein the top end positions of the first sleeve (1), the second sleeve (2), the third sleeve (3), the fourth sleeve (4) and the fifth sleeve (5) are sequentially lowered, and the hot fluid outlet (N2), the first cold fluid inlet (N3), the cold fluid outlet (N4) and the hot fluid inlet (N5) respectively penetrate through the side walls of the second sleeve (2), the third sleeve (3), the fourth sleeve (4) and the fifth sleeve (5) and are communicated with the corresponding first annular flow channel (13).
4. The micro-channel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the upper portions of the side surfaces of the first sleeve (1), the second sleeve (2), the third sleeve (3) and the fourth sleeve (4) are provided with annular boss structures which are respectively tightly matched with the top ends of the second sleeve (2), the third sleeve (3), the fourth sleeve (4) and the fifth sleeve (5) through a first sealing washer (6), a sealing top cover (14) is mounted at the top end of each boss structure and is matched with the first sealing washer (6) to tightly assemble and seal the two adjacent sleeves, and an annular cavity, namely a first annular flow channel (13), is formed between the two adjacent sleeves.
5. The micro-channel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nanopowders according to claim 4, wherein the bottom end of the flow dividing shell (12) is connected and sealed with the top end of the distribution header (16), the bottom end of the distribution header (16) is connected with the top end of the heat exchange substrate (19), and the bottom end of the heat exchange substrate (19) is connected and sealed with the bottom cover (9) by the fastening bolts (10) and the sealing washer (8), the sealing washer (7) is located at the root of the fastening bolts (10) and is tightly matched with the connection surface, and a plurality of fastening bolts (10) are arranged on each connection surface and are circularly and symmetrically distributed.
6. The microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nanopowders according to claim 5, wherein 4 sets of first sealing gaskets (6) are filled on the contact surface of each sleeve in the sealing top cover (14), and 3 sets of second sealing gaskets (7) are arranged on the contact surface of the fastening bolt (10) and the shunt shell (12) or the bottom cover (9); three (8) sets of 3 sealing gaskets are arranged on the contact surfaces of the inner steps of the flow dividing shell (12), the distribution header (16), the heat exchange base body (19) and the bottom cover in a multi-stage manner.
7. The micro-channel regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nanopowder of claim 1, wherein the heat exchange matrix (19) is made of stainless steel 316L, carbon steel, low alloy steel, copper, aluminum or nickel and their alloys.
8. The micro-channel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder according to claim 1, wherein each straight-through single channel A (181), each straight-through single channel B (182), each straight-through single channel C (183), and each straight-through single channel D (184) are distributed in a ring shape, and are arranged on the heat exchange substrate (19) at equal distances and equal angles, the pore diameter of each straight-through single channel is 1-3 mm, and the rings are concentrically distributed.
9. The micro-channel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nanopowder according to claim 1, wherein there are two thermal communication flow channels (21) and four cold communication flow channels (22) symmetrically distributed.
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