CN111521052B - Threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano powder - Google Patents
Threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN111521052B CN111521052B CN202010347452.2A CN202010347452A CN111521052B CN 111521052 B CN111521052 B CN 111521052B CN 202010347452 A CN202010347452 A CN 202010347452A CN 111521052 B CN111521052 B CN 111521052B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
- F28F1/34—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending obliquely
- F28F1/36—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending obliquely the means being helically wound fins or wire spirals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F11/00—Arrangements for sealing leaky tubes and conduits
- F28F11/02—Arrangements for sealing leaky tubes and conduits using obturating elements, e.g. washers, inserted and operated independently of each other
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
- F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
- F28F13/08—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by varying the cross-section of the flow channels
Abstract
A threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder comprises an outer sleeve, a first threaded sleeve, a second threaded sleeve, a heat insulation sleeve, a third threaded sleeve and an inner base body which are coaxially and sequentially overlapped from outside to inside, wherein a first spiral flow passage, a second spiral flow passage, a third spiral flow passage and a fourth spiral flow passage are sequentially formed between the outer sleeve and the outer thread of the first threaded sleeve, between the inner thread of the first threaded sleeve and the outer thread of the second threaded sleeve, between the outer thread of the third threaded sleeve and the inner wall of the heat insulation sleeve and between the inner thread of the third threaded sleeve and the outer thread of the inner base body, the first spiral flow passage is communicated with the third spiral flow passage at the bottom, the second spiral flow passage is communicated with the fourth spiral flow passage at the bottom, the top ends of the first spiral flow passage, the second spiral flow passage, the third spiral flow passage and the fourth spiral flow passage are respectively connected with a cold fluid inlet, a hot fluid outlet, the product quality can be ensured, and the system circulation efficiency, the heat economy and the stability are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a heat regenerator used in the technical fields of energy, chemical industry, environmental protection, synthetic materials and the like, in particular to a threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano powder.
Background
The nano metal and metal oxide powder is an important industrial raw material, compared with common powder, the nano metal powder has superior performances such as large specific surface area, interface effect, quantum tunnel effect and the like, unique performances and specific electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical and mechanical performances are endowed, the nano metal and metal oxide powder is widely applied to various fields, and the used parts do not cause revolutionary change of the industry. For example, the nano copper oxide can be used as a sensitive sensor coating film, greatly improves the selectivity and the sensitivity of the sensor, and can be used as a cathode material of a high-performance chemical battery. The preparation technology of nano metal materials is undoubtedly the key point and core in the nano technology.
The traditional nano powder preparation method has complex process equipment, low yield, difficulty in being below 100nm and difficulty in realizing large-scale production; meanwhile, organic solvents or highly toxic additive components can be added in the production process, which causes serious pollution in the production. The price of the nano material is high due to various defects of the traditional method, for example, the price of nano copper with the wavelength of about 50nm is about 300-400 ten thousand per ton, so that the large-scale application of the nano metal material is severely restricted, and the development of related industries is also restricted. Therefore, the preparation technology of the green, efficient and economic nano metal or metal oxide powder is needed to have important significance.
The supercritical hydrothermal synthesis technology is a green synthesis technology for preparing nano metal and nano metal oxide. Because the solubility of the metal oxide and the salt thereof in supercritical water is extremely low, the nucleation can be rapidly carried out, the reactant can be rapidly hydrolyzed and dehydrated to generate a crystal precursor, and then the crystallization reaction (nucleation and growth) is carried out to form nano metal or metal oxide powder with extremely small granularity and a certain shape.
Compared with the conventional method, the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis technology has the following outstanding advantages:
■ the reaction time is extremely fast: the reactant and the reducing agent form a homogeneous system, the reaction mass transfer resistance is reduced, the reaction rate of the hydrothermal synthesis is extremely high, and the reaction time is less than 10 s;
■ facilitates the formation of ultrafine particles: because the solubility of the metal oxide and the salt thereof in supercritical water is extremely low, the method can obtain extremely high nucleation rate and is beneficial to forming ultrafine particles (10-30 nm) with uniform particle size distribution;
■ the product has controllable shape: the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis method can control the phase and the morphology of powder grains by controlling process parameters;
■ no pollution: the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis takes water as a medium, does not need to add toxic organic solvents such as hydrazine hydrate and the like, and is a green and environment-friendly nano powder preparation technology.
Because the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis reaction speed is very fast, the reaction time is usually within 10s, and parameters such as the reaction time, the reaction temperature and the like have great influence on the quality of the synthesized nano powder product, generally speaking, if the process is operated, if the reaction time and the reaction temperature cannot be accurately controlled, the particle size of the nano product is large and uneven in distribution. Therefore, the process generally adopts a post-reaction quenching technology to reduce the temperature of the fluid after the reaction to below the reaction temperature within 1s, otherwise, the reactant will stay in a higher temperature range after leaving the reactor for a certain reaction time, which prolongs the time of the synthesis reaction, and on the one hand, the reaction is carried out at an inaccurate temperature, which leads to a large amount of agglomeration of crystals together, thereby greatly reducing the quality of the nano powder product.
The technological process of continuous supercritical hydrothermal synthesis consists of 3 parts, including material feeding/preheating system, mixing/reaction system and cooling/material recovering system. In the existing supercritical hydrothermal synthesis process, a structure similar to a water spray desuperheater is adopted to directly spray a large amount of cooling water into effluent water after reaction leaving a reactor, so that cold and hot mixing heat exchange is realized, and the fluid after reaction is rapidly cooled, thereby causing a large amount of heat loss; the reactants are preheated and heated by adopting electric heating or gas/oil furnace heating before reaction, a large amount of energy is consumed in long-term and continuous operation, the energy consumption is greatly increased, and the economical efficiency of system operation is reduced.
Therefore, if the heat exchanger can be used to rapidly reduce the temperature of the reacted fluid and recycle the heat, the two problems can be solved well. However, the conventional high-temperature and high-pressure heat exchanger structures such as a double-pipe heat exchanger and a shell-and-tube heat exchanger have certain technical problems including: (1) the utilization rate of the heat exchange area is low, the heat loss is large, the heat exchange efficiency is low, the circulation efficiency is poor, and the system cannot realize rapid temperature rise and efficient mixing; (2) the retention time of the crystal in the tube is longer, the particles are agglomerated in the nucleation and crystallization process, and the quality of the produced product is poorer; (3) the cooling time of the hot fluid is long, the temperature of the outlet product cannot be quickly reduced, agglomeration is easy to occur, the problems of blockage, siltation and the like in the regenerator tube are caused, and the stability of the system is influenced. The above problems are more pronounced especially for large-scale continuous mass production of nanoparticles.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano powder, which breaks through the limitation of the traditional heat exchanger structure, adopts a threaded sleeve type microchannel structure, wherein a heat exchange main body is formed by nesting four threaded sleeves with sequentially increased diameters from inside to outside, and a spiral microchannel with the equivalent diameter of 1-5 mm, which is formed by mutually and precisely matching threads of the sleeves, provides a heat exchange channel for hot fluid after reaction and cold fluid before reaction, increases the contact between the fluid and a wall surface, expands the heat exchange area, ensures that the fluid flows at a high flow rate, shortens the heat exchange time, realizes faster and more efficient heat exchange, reduces energy consumption, improves the system circulation efficiency, the heat economy and the stability, and finally solves the problems of fast cooling, agglomeration prevention and heat recycling of the SCHS technology, and a good foundation is laid for the supercritical hydrothermal synthesis technology to advance from laboratory and pilot scale to large-scale batch production.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano powder comprises a heat exchange main body, wherein the heat exchange main body comprises an outer sleeve 1, a threaded sleeve I2, a threaded sleeve II 3, a heat insulation sleeve 4, a threaded sleeve III 5 and an inner base body 6 which are coaxially sleeved from outside to inside in sequence, a first spiral flow channel 71 is formed between the outer threads of the outer sleeve 1 and the threaded sleeve I2, a second spiral flow channel 72 is formed between the inner thread of the threaded sleeve I2 and the outer thread of the threaded sleeve II 3, a third spiral flow channel 73 is formed between the outer thread of the threaded sleeve III 5 and the inner wall of the heat insulation sleeve 4, a fourth spiral flow channel 74 is formed between the inner thread of the threaded sleeve III 5 and the outer thread of the inner base body 6, the first spiral flow channel 71 and the third spiral flow channel 73 are communicated through a fourth communication flow channel 14 at the bottom, the second spiral flow channel 72 and the fourth spiral flow channel, the top end of the first spiral flow channel 71 is connected with the cold fluid inlet 25, the top end of the second spiral flow channel 72 is connected with the hot fluid outlet 28, the top end of the third spiral flow channel 73 is connected with the cold fluid outlet 26, and the top end of the fourth spiral flow channel 74 is connected with the hot fluid inlet 27.
Preferably, the heat exchanger also comprises sealing accessories, wherein the sealing accessories comprise an upper end cover 16 arranged at the top end of the heat exchange body, a lower end cover 17 arranged at the bottom end of the heat exchange body, a first sealing washer 18 arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper end cover 16 or the lower end cover 17 and the outer sleeve 1, a second sealing washer 19 arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper end cover 16 or the lower end cover 17 and the first threaded sleeve 2, a third sealing washer 20 arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper end cover 16 or the lower end cover 17 and the second threaded sleeve 3 and the heat insulation sleeve 4, a fourth sealing washer 21 arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper end cover 16 or the lower end cover 17 and the third threaded sleeve 4, a fifth sealing washer 22 arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper end cover 16 or the lower end cover 17 and the inner base 6, and a fastening bolt 24 arranged on the, and a sealing washer six 23 disposed between the fastening bolt 24 and the contact surface of the upper cap 16 or the lower cap 17.
Preferably, the cold fluid inlet 25, the cold fluid outlet 26, the hot fluid inlet 27, and the hot fluid outlet 28 are each piped through the upper end cap 16.
Preferably, the top of the outer sleeve 1 is connected and sealed with the upper end cover 16, the bottom of the outer sleeve is connected and sealed with the lower end cover 17 through fastening bolts 24 and a first sealing washer 18, a sixth sealing washer 23 is positioned at the root of the fastening bolts 24 and is tightly matched with the connecting surfaces, and a plurality of fastening bolts 24 are arranged on each connecting surface and are symmetrically distributed in a circular ring shape; the threaded sleeve I2, the threaded sleeve II 3, the heat insulation sleeve 4 and the threaded sleeve III 5 are all embedded in the sinking grooves of the upper end cover 16 and the lower end cover 17, and the top end and the bottom end of the threaded sleeve I are respectively sealed with the contact surfaces of the upper end cover 16 and the lower end cover 17 through a sealing washer II 19, a sealing washer III 20 and a sealing washer IV 21; the top end and the bottom end of the outer sleeve 1 and the inner base body 6 are respectively connected with the end faces of the upper end cover 16 and the lower end cover 17, and the contact surfaces of the upper end cover and the lower end cover are respectively sealed by a first sealing washer 18 and a fifth sealing washer 22.
Preferably, the threaded sleeve I2 and the threaded sleeve III 5 are sleeves with multiple internal threads and multiple external threads, the threaded sleeve II 3 is a sleeve with multiple external threads, the heat insulation sleeve 4 is a sleeve with smooth inner and outer walls, the inner base 6 is a solid metal base with external threads, the sections of the spiral flow passage I71 and the spiral flow passage III 73 are trapezoidal, and the sections of the spiral flow passage II 72 and the spiral flow passage IV 74 are hexagonal.
Preferably, the inner side of the bottom of the heat insulation sleeve 4 is provided with a first annular cavity 8, the outer side of the bottom is provided with a first communicating flow channel 9, the inner side of the bottom of the second threaded sleeve 3 is provided with a second annular cavity 10, the outer side of the bottom is provided with a second communicating flow channel 11, the inner side of the bottom of the first threaded sleeve 2 is provided with a third annular cavity 12, the outer side of the bottom is provided with a third communicating flow channel 13, the fourth spiral flow channel 74, the fifth communicating flow channel 15, the first annular cavity 8, the first communicating flow channel 9, the second annular cavity 10, the second communicating flow channel 11 and the second spiral flow channel 72 are sequentially communicated, and the third spiral flow channel 73, the fourth communicating flow channel 14.
Preferably, the number of the first spiral flow channel 71, the number of the second spiral flow channel 72, the number of the third spiral flow channel 73 and the number of the fourth spiral flow channel 74 are respectively a plurality, the number of the flow channels is related to the number of corresponding thread heads, and the threads are double-head threads, triple-head threads, quadruple threads or eight-head threads.
Preferably, two of the first spiral flow channel 71, the second spiral flow channel 72, the third spiral flow channel 73 and the fourth spiral flow channel 74 have trapezoidal cross sections, the other two spiral flow channels have hexagonal cross sections, the spiral flow channels with trapezoidal cross sections and the spiral flow channels with hexagonal cross sections are adjacently arranged and are arranged in an equidistant staggered manner
Preferably, the equivalent diameter of the first spiral flow channel 71, the second spiral flow channel 72, the third spiral flow channel 73 and the fourth spiral flow channel 74 is 1-5 mm.
Preferably, the heat insulating sleeve 4 is a shell-mounted metal cylinder body in which a heat insulating material is embedded; the insulation material is asbestos, aluminosilicate or aerogel, and the design thickness is determined by actual operation temperature calculation.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention discloses a threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano powder, which is formed by nesting four threaded sleeves with sequentially increased diameters from inside to outside, wherein threads of the sleeves are mutually and precisely matched to form a spiral microchannel type heat exchange runner with the equivalent diameter of 1-5 mm, 4 groups of heat exchange runners are arranged in a staggered manner, cold and hot fluids flow in reverse directions, the contact surface between the fluids and the wall surface is increased, the heat exchange area is expanded, the heat exchange temperature difference of the cold and hot fluids is increased, the use of metal materials is greatly reduced, and the occupied area of a device is reduced.
(2) The equivalent diameter of the micro-channel heat exchange runner is extremely small, generally 1-5 mm, the fluid can be ensured to flow at a high flow rate, the heat exchange coefficient of cold and hot fluid is increased, the heat exchange time is extremely short, the cooling retention time of the fluid in the heat regenerator after reaction is shortened, the temperature of an outlet product can be rapidly reduced, and the blockage of the heat regenerator is inhibited; the cold fluid can be heated rapidly, the nucleated crystals are not easy to agglomerate, and the produced nano material has small grain diameter and good dispersity.
(3) The product at the outlet of the reactor enters a low-temperature reactant of the heat regenerator for heat exchange, so that the reaction precursor fluid is preheated to a target temperature, thereby ensuring the recycling of heat, avoiding the heat of the product at the outlet from being taken away by circulating cooling water, greatly reducing the energy consumption of the reaction precursor fluid preheater, and improving the system circulation efficiency, the thermal economy and the stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a threaded sleeve microchannel regenerator of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first threaded sleeve, a second threaded sleeve, a third threaded sleeve and an inner base body of the invention.
Wherein: 1 is an outer sleeve; 2 is a first threaded sleeve; a second threaded sleeve 3; 4 is a heat insulation sleeve; 5 is a threaded sleeve III; 6 is an inner matrix; 71 is a spiral flow channel I; 72 is a spiral flow channel II; 73 is a spiral flow passage III; 74 is a spiral flow channel four; 8 is a first annular cavity; 9 is a first communicating flow passage; 10 is an annular cavity II; 11 is a communicating flow passage II; 12 is an annular cavity III; 13 is a communication flow passage III; 14 is a communicating flow passage IV; 15 is a communication flow passage five; 16 is an upper end cover; 17 is a lower end cover; 18 is a first sealing washer; 19 is a second sealing washer; 20 is a third sealing washer; 21 is a sealing washer four; 22 is a sealing washer five; 23 is a sealing washer six; 24 is a fastening bolt; 25 is a cold fluid inlet; 26 is a cold fluid outlet; 27 is a hot fluid inlet; and 28 is a hot fluid outlet.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder mainly comprises a heat exchange main body, wherein the heat exchange main body mainly comprises an outer sleeve 1, a first threaded sleeve 2, a second threaded sleeve 3, a heat insulation sleeve 4, a third threaded sleeve 5 and an inner base body 6 which are coaxially and sequentially nested from outside to inside, a first spiral flow channel 71 is formed between the outer sleeve 1 and the outer thread of the first threaded sleeve 2, a second spiral flow channel 72 is formed between the inner thread of the first threaded sleeve 2 and the outer thread of the second threaded sleeve 3, a third spiral flow channel 73 is formed between the outer thread of the third threaded sleeve 5 and the inner wall of the heat insulation sleeve 4, a fourth spiral flow channel 74 is formed between the inner thread of the third threaded sleeve 5 and the outer thread of the inner base body 6, and the equivalent diameter of each spiral flow channel is very small and is about 1-5 mm.
The first spiral flow channel 71 is communicated with the third spiral flow channel 73 at the bottom through a fourth communication flow channel 14, the second spiral flow channel 72 is communicated with the fourth spiral flow channel 74 at the bottom through a fifth communication flow channel 15, the top end of the first spiral flow channel 71 is connected with the cold fluid inlet 25, the top end of the second spiral flow channel 72 is connected with the hot fluid outlet 28, the top end of the third spiral flow channel 73 is connected with the cold fluid outlet 26, and the top end of the fourth spiral flow channel 74 is connected with the hot fluid inlet 27.
Furthermore, the implementation of the invention also depends on the assistance of the sealing auxiliary, the sealing auxiliary comprises an upper end cover 16 arranged at the top end of the heat exchange main body, a lower end cover 17 arranged at the bottom end of the heat exchange main body, a first sealing washer 18 arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper end cover 16 or the lower end cover 17 and the outer sleeve 1, a second sealing washer 19 arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper end cover 16 or the lower end cover 17 and the first threaded sleeve 2, a third sealing washer 20 arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper end cover 16 or the lower end cover 17 and the second threaded sleeve 3 and the heat insulation sleeve 4, a fourth sealing washer 21 arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper end cover 16 or the lower end cover 17 and the third threaded sleeve 4, a fifth sealing washer 22 arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper end cover 16 or the lower end cover 17 and the inner base body 6, and a fastening bolt 24 arranged on, and a sealing washer six 23 disposed between the fastening bolt 24 and the contact surface of the upper cap 16 or the lower cap 17.
Specifically, the top of the outer sleeve 1 is connected and sealed with the upper end cover 16, the bottom of the outer sleeve is connected and sealed with the lower end cover 17 through fastening bolts 24 and a first sealing washer 18, a sixth sealing washer 23 is positioned at the root of the fastening bolts 24 and is tightly matched with the connecting surfaces, and a plurality of fastening bolts 24 are arranged on each connecting surface and are symmetrically distributed in a circular ring shape; the first threaded sleeve 2, the second threaded sleeve 3, the heat insulation sleeve 4 and the third threaded sleeve 5 are all embedded in the sinking grooves of the upper end cover 16 and the lower end cover 17, the top end and the bottom end of the first threaded sleeve are respectively sealed with the contact surfaces of the upper end cover 16 and the lower end cover 17 through a second sealing washer 19, a third sealing washer 20 and a fourth sealing washer 21, and the type of the first threaded sleeve can be selected but is not limited to a rectangular sealing washer; the top end and the bottom end of the outer sleeve 1 and the inner base body 6 are respectively connected with the end faces of the upper end cover 16 and the lower end cover 17, and the contact surfaces of the upper end cover and the lower end cover are respectively sealed by a first sealing washer 18 and a fifth sealing washer 22, wherein the types of the sealing washers can be selected from, but are not limited to, octagonal type, V type, O type sealing washers and the like.
At this time, the cold fluid inlet 25, the cold fluid outlet 26, the hot fluid inlet 27 and the hot fluid outlet 28 respectively penetrate through the upper end cover 16 through pipelines and are respectively communicated with the thread grooves at the tops of the first threaded sleeve 2, the third threaded sleeve 5, the inner base 6 and the second threaded sleeve 3.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the threaded sleeve I2 and the threaded sleeve III 5 are sleeves with multi-head internal threads and external threads, the threaded sleeve II 3 is a sleeve with multi-head external threads, the heat insulation sleeve 4 is a sleeve with smooth inner and outer walls, the inner base 6 is a solid metal base body with external threads, the external threads of the threaded sleeve I2 are tightly matched with the outer sleeve 1 to form a spiral flow passage I71 with a trapezoidal cross section, and the internal threads of the threaded sleeve I2 are precisely matched with the external threads of the threaded sleeve II 3 to form a spiral flow passage II 72 with a hexagonal cross section; the external thread of the threaded sleeve III 5 is tightly matched with the heat insulation sleeve 4 to form a spiral flow passage III 73 with a trapezoidal section, and the internal thread of the threaded sleeve III 5 is precisely matched with the external thread of the inner base body 6 to form a spiral flow passage IV 74 with a hexagonal section.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the inner side of the bottom of the heat insulation sleeve 4 is provided with a first annular cavity 8, the outer side of the bottom is provided with a first communicating flow passage 9, the inner side of the bottom of the second threaded sleeve 3 is provided with a second annular cavity 10, the outer side of the bottom is provided with a second communicating flow passage 11, the inner side of the bottom of the first threaded sleeve 2 is provided with a third annular cavity 12, the outer side of the bottom is provided with a third communicating flow passage 13, the three annular cavities do not penetrate through corresponding cylinder walls, the first communicating flow passage 9 is communicated with the first annular cavity 8 and the second annular cavity 10, the second communicating flow passage 11 is communicated with the second annular cavity 10 and a thread groove at the bottom of the second threaded sleeve 3, the third communicating flow passage 13 is communicated with the third annular cavity 12 and a thread groove at the bottom of the first threaded sleeve 2, the fourth communicating flow passage 14 and the fifth communicating flow passage 15 are vertical, the communication flow passage five 15 is communicated with the annular cavity I8 and the bottom thread groove of the inner base body 6. Therefore, the spiral flow channel four 74, the communication flow channel five 15, the annular cavity one 8, the communication flow channel one 9, the annular cavity two 10, the communication flow channel two 11 and the spiral flow channel two 72 are sequentially communicated, and the spiral flow channel three 73, the communication flow channel four 14, the annular cavity three 12, the communication flow channel three 13 and the spiral flow channel one 71 are sequentially communicated.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the top of the outer sleeve 1 of the heat exchange body is connected with the upper end cover 16, the bottom of the outer sleeve 1 of the heat exchange body is connected and sealed with the lower end cover 17 through the fastening bolts 24 and the first sealing washer 18, the sixth sealing washer 23 is positioned at the root of the fastening bolts 24 and is tightly matched with the joint surfaces, and a plurality of fastening bolts 24 are arranged on each joint surface and are symmetrically distributed in a circular ring shape.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, there are several spiral flow channels one 71, two spiral flow channels 72, three spiral flow channels 73 and four spiral flow channels 74, and the number of the flow channels is related to the number of corresponding thread heads, and may be two-start, three-start, four-start or eight-start threads, etc., as required.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, two of the first spiral flow channel 71, the second spiral flow channel 72, the third spiral flow channel 73 and the fourth spiral flow channel 74 have trapezoidal cross sections, the other two spiral flow channels have hexagonal cross sections, and the spiral flow channels with trapezoidal cross sections and the spiral flow channels with hexagonal cross sections are arranged at intervals and are arranged in an equidistant staggered manner
In the present invention, the heat insulating sleeve 4 is a shell-mounted metal cylinder in which a heat insulating material is embedded; the thermal insulation material may be selected from, but not limited to, asbestos, aluminosilicate, aerogel, etc., the design thickness of which is determined by the actual operating temperature calculation, and the materials of other parts such as the outer sleeve 1, the first threaded sleeve 2, the second threaded sleeve 3, the thermal insulation sleeve 4, the third threaded sleeve 5, the inner base 6, and the sealing auxiliary member include, but not limited to, 316/316L stainless steel, carbon steel and low alloy steel, copper, aluminum, nickel, and alloys thereof, and one or more commercially available metallic materials that are resistant to high temperature and high pressure.
According to the structure, four threaded sleeves with the diameters sequentially increased are nested from inside to outside, and the threads of the sleeves are precisely matched with each other to form four groups of spiral micro-channel type heat exchange flow channels (a spiral flow channel I71, a spiral flow channel II 72, a spiral flow channel III 73 and a spiral flow channel IV 74) with equivalent diameters of 1-5 mm. After reaction, hot fluid enters from the hot fluid inlet 27, flows through the upper end cover 16, enters a hexagonal spiral flow channel four 74 formed by matching external threads of the inner base 6 and internal threads of the threaded sleeve three 5 from a thread groove at the top of the inner base 6, and spirally flows from top to bottom; the hot fluid flowing to the bottom of the inner base body 6 enters the annular cavity I8 through the communication flow passage I15, enters the annular cavity II 10 through the communication flow passage I9, enters the thread groove at the bottom of the thread sleeve II 3 through the communication flow passage II 10, then spirally flows from bottom to top in the hexagonal spiral flow passage II 72 formed by matching the external threads of the thread sleeve II 3 with the internal threads of the thread sleeve I2, and finally flows out of the heat regenerator from the hot fluid outlet 28. Reaction precursor fluid enters from a cold fluid inlet 25, flows through the upper end cover 16, enters a trapezoidal spiral flow passage I71 formed by matching the external thread of the first threaded sleeve 2 and the outer sleeve 1 from a thread groove at the top of the first threaded sleeve 2, and spirally flows from top to bottom; and the cold fluid flowing to the bottom of the first threaded sleeve 2 enters the annular cavity III 12 through the communication flow passage III 13 and enters the thread groove at the bottom of the third threaded sleeve 5 through the communication flow passage IV 14, then spirally flows from bottom to top in the trapezoidal spiral flow passage III 73 formed by matching the external thread of the third threaded sleeve 5 with the heat insulation sleeve 4, and finally flows out of the regenerator from the fluid outlet 26. The device can realize two-stage countercurrent heat exchange of cold and hot fluids, and the heat insulation sleeve 4 is arranged between the second threaded sleeve 3 and the third threaded sleeve 5 and used for isolating heat exchange between fluids on two sides of the heat insulation sleeve, so that two independent heat exchange processes are formed.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano powder comprises a heat exchange main body, wherein the heat exchange main body comprises an outer sleeve (1), a first threaded sleeve (2), a second threaded sleeve (3), a heat insulation sleeve (4), a third threaded sleeve (5) and an inner base body (6) which are coaxially sleeved from outside to inside in sequence, a first spiral flow passage (71) is formed between the outer sleeve (1) and the outer thread of the first threaded sleeve (2), a second spiral flow passage (72) is formed between the inner thread of the first threaded sleeve (2) and the outer thread of the second threaded sleeve (3), a third spiral flow passage (73) is formed between the outer thread of the third threaded sleeve (5) and the inner wall of the heat insulation sleeve (4), a fourth spiral flow passage (74) is formed between the inner thread of the third threaded sleeve (5) and the outer thread of the inner base body (6), and the first spiral flow passage (71) and the third spiral flow passage (73) are communicated through a fourth communication flow, the heat-insulating sleeve is characterized in that an annular cavity I (8) is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the heat-insulating sleeve (4), a communication flow channel I (9) is arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the threaded sleeve II (3), an annular cavity II (10) is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the threaded sleeve II (3), a communication flow channel II (11) is arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the threaded sleeve I (2), an annular cavity III (12) is arranged on the inner side of the bottom of the threaded sleeve I (2), a communication flow channel III (13) is arranged on the outer side of the bottom, the spiral flow channel IV (74), the communication flow channel V (15) are communicated with each other, The annular cavity I (8), the communicating flow channel I (9), the annular cavity II (10), the communicating flow channel II (11) and the spiral flow channel II (72) are sequentially communicated, and the spiral flow channel III (73), the communicating flow channel IV (14), the annular cavity III (12), the communicating flow channel III (13) and the spiral flow channel I (71) are sequentially communicated.
2. The threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder according to claim 1, further comprising a sealing auxiliary, wherein the sealing auxiliary comprises an upper end cover (16) arranged at the top end of the heat exchange body, a lower end cover (17) arranged at the bottom end of the heat exchange body, a first sealing washer (18) arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper end cover (16) or the lower end cover (17) and the outer sleeve (1), a second sealing washer (19) arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper end cover (16) or the lower end cover (17) and the first threaded sleeve (2), a third sealing washer (20) arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper end cover (16) or the lower end cover (17) and the second threaded sleeve (3) and the heat insulation sleeve (4), a fourth sealing washer (21) arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper end cover (16) or the lower end cover (17) and the third threaded sleeve (4), and a fifth sealing washer arranged between the contact surfaces of the upper end cover (16) or the lower end cover (17) and the inner substrate (22) The sealing device comprises a fastening bolt (24) arranged on the upper end cover (16) or the lower end cover (17) and a sealing washer six (23) arranged between the fastening bolt (24) and the contact surface of the upper end cover (16) or the lower end cover (17).
3. The threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nanopowders according to claim 2, wherein the cold fluid inlet (25), the cold fluid outlet (26), the hot fluid inlet (27) and the hot fluid outlet (28) respectively penetrate through the upper end cover (16) through pipelines.
4. The threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder according to claim 2, wherein the top of the outer sleeve (1) is connected and sealed with the upper end cover (16) and the bottom of the outer sleeve (1) is connected and sealed with the lower end cover (17) through fastening bolts (24) and a first sealing washer (18), a sixth sealing washer (23) is located at the root of the fastening bolts (24) and is tightly matched with the connection surfaces, and a plurality of fastening bolts (24) are arranged on each connection surface and are symmetrically distributed in a circular ring shape; the threaded sleeve I (2), the threaded sleeve II (3), the heat insulation sleeve (4) and the threaded sleeve III (5) are all embedded in the sinking grooves of the upper end cover (16) and the lower end cover (17), and the top end and the bottom end of the threaded sleeve I are respectively sealed with the contact surfaces of the upper end cover (16) and the lower end cover (17) through a sealing washer II (19), a sealing washer III (20) and a sealing washer IV (21); the top ends and the bottom ends of the outer sleeve (1) and the inner base body (6) are respectively connected with the end faces of the upper end cover (16) and the lower end cover (17), and the contact surfaces of the outer sleeve and the inner base body are respectively sealed by a first sealing washer (18) and a fifth sealing washer (22).
5. The threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder according to claim 1, wherein the threaded sleeve I (2) and the threaded sleeve III (5) are sleeves with multi-start internal threads and multi-start external threads, the threaded sleeve II (3) is a sleeve with multi-start external threads, the heat insulation sleeve (4) is a sleeve with smooth inner and outer walls, the inner matrix (6) is a solid metal matrix with external threads, the cross sections of the spiral flow channel I (71) and the spiral flow channel III (73) are trapezoids, and the cross sections of the spiral flow channel II (72) and the spiral flow channel IV (74) are hexagons.
6. The threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder according to claim 1 or 5, wherein the number of the spiral flow channel I (71), the number of the spiral flow channel II (72), the number of the spiral flow channel III (73) and the number of the spiral flow channel IV (74) are respectively a plurality of, the number of the flow channels is related to the number of corresponding thread heads, and the threads are double-start, triple-start, quadruple-start or eight-start threads.
7. The threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nanopowders according to claim 1, wherein two of the first spiral flow channel (71), the second spiral flow channel (72), the third spiral flow channel (73) and the fourth spiral flow channel (74) have trapezoidal cross sections, the other two spiral flow channels have hexagonal cross sections, and the spiral flow channels with trapezoidal cross sections and the spiral flow channels with hexagonal cross sections are adjacently arranged and are equidistantly and alternately arranged.
8. The threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nano-powder according to claim 1, wherein the equivalent diameter of the first spiral flow channel (71), the second spiral flow channel (72), the third spiral flow channel (73) and the fourth spiral flow channel (74) is 1-5 mm.
9. The threaded sleeve type microchannel heat regenerator for supercritical hydrothermal synthesis of nanopowder according to claim 1, wherein the heat insulating sleeve (4) is a shell-mounted metal cylinder body embedded with a heat insulating material; the insulation material is asbestos, aluminosilicate or aerogel, and the design thickness is determined by actual operation temperature calculation.
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| CN111632565B (en) * | 2020-05-24 | 2021-09-03 | 西安交通大学 | Micro-channel rapid cooling device for preparing nano powder by supercritical hydrothermal synthesis technology |
| CN114608317B (en) * | 2022-03-12 | 2023-11-07 | 嘉兴市合一工业电炉有限公司 | Tunnel furnace with energy recycling system |
| CN114812251B (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2023-03-03 | 西安交通大学 | Waste heat cascade utilization system for supercritical water treatment technology |
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| CN2144808Y (en) * | 1992-09-30 | 1993-10-27 | 朱耀文 | The multiple thread heat exchanger tube |
| DE602004028555D1 (en) * | 2003-07-29 | 2010-09-23 | Panasonic Corp | Hydrogen generator and fuel cell power system |
| CN1546931A (en) * | 2003-12-12 | 2004-11-17 | 上海理工大学 | Composite rib sleeve heat exchanger |
| CN100535569C (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2009-09-02 | 浙江海峰制鞋设备有限公司 | Sleeve type heat exchanger |
| US9719733B2 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2017-08-01 | Tai-Her Yang | Tri-piece thermal energy body heat exchanger having multi-layer pipeline and transferring heat to exterior through outer periphery of pipeline |
| CN105627814B (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2017-10-20 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of intermediate medium heat-exchanger rig for supercritical water oxidation system |
| CN105650951B (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2018-01-05 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of microchannel regenerator for air-conditioning refrigeration system |
| CN206479073U (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-09-08 | 天津普惠节能换热设备有限公司 | Dangerous waste smoke re-heater |
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