CN111520126A - Density logging hole enlargement correction method and device - Google Patents

Density logging hole enlargement correction method and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111520126A
CN111520126A CN202010380487.6A CN202010380487A CN111520126A CN 111520126 A CN111520126 A CN 111520126A CN 202010380487 A CN202010380487 A CN 202010380487A CN 111520126 A CN111520126 A CN 111520126A
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density
depth point
diameter
stratum
distorted
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陈萍
崔京彬
熊伟
姚燕飞
刘迪
徐晨
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China National Petroleum Corp
BGP Inc
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China National Petroleum Corp
BGP Inc
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/08Measuring diameters or related dimensions at the borehole
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V13/00Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices covered by groups G01V1/00 – G01V11/00

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Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for correcting the hole enlargement of a density logging, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining whether the diameter of each depth point is expanded; determining whether the formation density curve at each depth point is distorted; determining an upper formation density limit and a lower formation density limit at each depth point; determining a calculated correction value of the formation density at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted formation density curve; determining a stratum density correction value at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density upper limit, the stratum density lower limit and the stratum density calculation correction value at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curve; formation density corrections are obtained for the interpretation interval. The influence of mud under expanding on density measurement is eliminated in the correction process, and the corrected real formation density value is obtained. And the parameters required by correction are few, the calculation complexity is reduced, the influence of human factors is small, and the correction error is small.

Description

Density logging hole enlargement correction method and device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum exploration, in particular to a density logging hole enlargement correction method and device.
Background
The well-seismic calibration, forward modeling and inversion techniques are widely applied to reservoir prediction, wherein high-quality density well logging curves have important influences on making high-precision seismic records, establishing accurate initial wave impedance models, calibrating horizons and seismic inversion. Although the logging information has higher resolution in the longitudinal direction, the quality is easily influenced by logging environmental factors (logging instruments, well diameter, mud, formation temperature, pressure and the like), and the data is distorted due to deviation from the true value of an undisturbed formation, so that the accuracy of reservoir prediction is influenced.
The effect of wellbore conditions on density logs comes primarily from two aspects: the effect of the borehole geometry and the effect of the mud. The ideal borehole geometry should be a smooth cylindrical borehole wall with a diameter similar to the size of a drill bit, but the situation of borehole wall collapse is often encountered in actual production, if mud enters the near end of diameter expansion, the detection depth of an instrument with shallow detection depth is seriously influenced by mud scouring, signals measured by a logging instrument come from a real undisturbed stratum and cannot correctly reflect the characteristics of the stratum, and the measurement result is similar to the mud parameters.
Therefore, after formation density measurements are obtained, the log must be processed to eliminate the effects of hole enlargement. The current commonly used method for correcting the borehole diameter environment comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) a plate correction method: the chart correction method is used for correcting according to a correction chart provided by a logging company, can only carry out simple environmental correction on individual curves of a few reservoirs, and is not suitable for the condition of extreme diameter expansion;
(2) minimum density constraint method: the minimum density is restricted to set a threshold value in an expanded diameter well section to replace an abnormal value, the abnormal value is simply cut off, but the influence of different stratum characteristics is not considered, so that the error of a correction result is large;
(3) the rock physical modeling method is used for building a rock physical model in a standard well section, verifying the model, and then forward modeling the density and the longitudinal and transverse wave speeds of an expanded diameter part by using the verified model, wherein the porosity, the saturation, the mineral composition, the pore and the filling fluid type of the rock are required to be known, the related data are more, and the calculation is complex;
(4) standard layer statistics: one or more reference curves which are slightly influenced by the well bore are selected in the standard layer, a regression relation between the reference curves and the curve to be corrected is established, the model is simple, but the regression result is greatly influenced by human factors, and the error is large.
And at the hole expansion position, the density logging curve may not be distorted, although the hole diameter is expanded, the slide plate surface of the density logging instrument keeps contact with the well wall, and the instrument can still measure the real formation density. At this time, the four methods for completing the diameter expansion correction based on the change of the well diameter are applied, and the corrected formation density error is large.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a density logging hole enlargement correction method, which is used for reducing artificial influence, reducing calculation complexity, avoiding excessive correction of stratum density only according to the hole diameter and reducing correction errors, and comprises the following steps:
obtaining formation density measurements, shale content, logging diameter, logging bit diameter, and borehole mud density at each depth point in the interpreted interval;
determining whether the diameter of each depth point is expanded or not according to the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter of each depth point;
determining whether the formation density curve at each depth point is distorted according to the formation density measurement value and the logging diameter at each depth point;
determining the upper limit and the lower limit of the formation density at each depth point according to the argillaceous content at each depth point;
determining a calculation correction value of the stratum density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density measured value, the logging diameter, the logging drill bit diameter and the borehole mud density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve;
determining a stratum density correction value at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density upper limit, the stratum density lower limit and the stratum density calculation correction value at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curve;
and obtaining the formation density correction value of the interpretation interval according to the formation density correction value at each depth point expanded and distorted by the formation density curve and the formation density measurement value at each depth point in the interpretation interval.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a density logging hole enlargement correcting device, which is used for reducing artificial influence, reducing calculation complexity, avoiding excessive correction of stratum density only according to the hole diameter and reducing correction errors, and comprises:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring formation density measurement values, shale content, logging diameters, logging drill bit diameters and borehole mud densities at each depth point in the interpretation interval;
the expanding judging module is used for determining whether the diameter of each depth point is expanded or not according to the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter of each depth point;
the curve distortion judging module is used for determining whether the stratum density curve at each depth point is distorted according to the stratum density measured value and the logging diameter at each depth point;
the density upper and lower limit determining module is used for determining the stratum density upper limit and the stratum density lower limit at each depth point according to the argillaceous content at each depth point;
the first correction module is used for determining a calculation correction value of the stratum density at each depth point with the diameter expansion and the distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density measurement value, the logging diameter, the logging bit diameter and the borehole mud density at each depth point with the diameter expansion and the distorted stratum density curve;
the second correction module is used for determining the stratum density correction value at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density upper limit, the stratum density lower limit and the stratum density calculation correction value at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curve;
and the data integration module is used for obtaining the stratum density correction value of the interpretation interval according to the stratum density correction value at each depth point with expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curve and the stratum density measurement value at each depth point in the interpretation interval.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the density logging hole enlargement correction method when executing the computer program.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the above-mentioned method for correcting the hole enlargement of the density log.
In the embodiment of the invention, the formation density measurement value, the shale content, the logging diameter, the logging drill bit diameter and the borehole mud density at each depth point in the explained interval are obtained; determining whether the diameter of each depth point is expanded or not according to the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter of each depth point; determining whether the formation density curve at each depth point is distorted according to the formation density measurement value and the logging diameter at each depth point; determining the upper limit and the lower limit of the formation density at each depth point according to the argillaceous content at each depth point; determining a calculation correction value of the stratum density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density measured value, the logging diameter, the logging drill bit diameter and the borehole mud density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve; determining a stratum density correction value at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve according to the upper limit of the stratum density, the lower limit of the stratum density and the calculation correction value of the stratum density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve; and obtaining the formation density correction value of the interpretation interval according to the formation density correction value at each depth point expanded and distorted by the formation density curve and the formation density measurement value at each depth point in the interpretation interval. The influence of mud under expanding on density measurement is eliminated in the correction process, and the corrected real formation density value is obtained. And the depth points which are expanded and have undistorted density and the depth points which are expanded and have distorted density are respectively corrected, and not only the expansion is taken as the only correction criterion, so that excessive correction is avoided, and the result is more reasonable. And the parameters required by correction are few, the calculation complexity is reduced, the influence of human factors is small, and the correction error is small.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for correcting the hole enlargement of a density log according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for implementing step 103 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a method for implementing step 105 in an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a result of a correction of a section density borehole enlargement in a logging section in an implementation of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a comparison of synthetic logs before and after correction and well bypass in the practice of one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a density logging hole enlargement correcting device in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a density logging hole enlargement correction method, which is used for reducing artificial influence, reducing calculation complexity, avoiding excessive correction of formation density only according to a borehole diameter and reducing correction errors, and comprises the following steps of:
step 101: obtaining formation density measurements, shale content, logging diameter, logging bit diameter, and borehole mud density at each depth point in the interpreted interval;
step 102: determining whether the diameter of each depth point is expanded or not according to the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter of each depth point;
step 103: determining whether the formation density curve at each depth point is distorted according to the formation density measurement value and the logging diameter at each depth point;
step 104: determining the upper limit and the lower limit of the formation density at each depth point according to the argillaceous content at each depth point;
step 105: determining a calculation correction value of the stratum density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density measured value, the logging diameter, the logging drill bit diameter and the borehole mud density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve;
step 106: determining the stratum density correction value at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density upper limit, the stratum density lower limit and the stratum density calculation correction value at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve;
step 107: and obtaining the formation density correction value of the interpretation interval according to the formation density correction value at each depth point expanded and distorted by the formation density curve and the formation density measurement value at each depth point in the interpretation interval.
As can be seen from the flow chart shown in FIG. 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, formation density measurements, shale content, logging diameter, logging bit diameter, and borehole mud density at each depth point in the interpretation interval are obtained; determining whether the diameter of each depth point is expanded or not according to the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter of each depth point; determining whether the formation density curve at each depth point is distorted according to the formation density measurement value and the logging diameter at each depth point; determining the upper limit and the lower limit of the formation density at each depth point according to the argillaceous content at each depth point; determining a calculation correction value of the stratum density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density measured value, the logging diameter, the logging drill bit diameter and the borehole mud density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve; determining a stratum density correction value at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve according to the upper limit of the stratum density, the lower limit of the stratum density and the calculation correction value of the stratum density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve; and obtaining the formation density correction value of the interpretation interval according to the formation density correction value at each depth point expanded and distorted by the formation density curve and the formation density measurement value at each depth point in the interpretation interval. The influence of mud under expanding on density measurement is eliminated in the correction process, and the corrected real formation density value is obtained. And the depth points which are expanded and have undistorted density and the depth points which are expanded and have distorted density are respectively corrected, and not only the expansion is taken as the only correction criterion, so that excessive correction is avoided, and the result is more reasonable. And the parameters required by correction are few, the calculation complexity is reduced, the influence of human factors is small, and the correction error is small.
In particular implementations, formation density measurements, shale content, log diameter, log bit diameter, and borehole mud density are first obtained at each depth point in the interpretation interval. Where the interpretation interval is divided into several depth points when measuring the formation density.
Then, according to the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter at each depth point, whether the diameter of each depth point is expanded is determined, and the method comprises the following steps: if the absolute value of the difference value between the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter at a depth point is greater than or equal to a preset error, expanding the hole diameter at the depth point; and if the absolute value of the difference value between the logging diameter and the logging drill bit diameter at a depth point is smaller than the preset error, the well diameter at the depth point is standard. The preset error is preset in advance according to actual needs, and may be, for example, 0.001cm, and those skilled in the art will understand that the above is only an example and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
Second, it is determined whether the formation density curve at each depth point is distorted based on the formation density measurements and the log diameters at each depth point. The specific implementation process, as shown in fig. 2, includes:
step 201: obtaining a formation density curve and a logging diameter curve of the regulated interpretation layer section according to the formation density measured value and the logging diameter at each depth point;
step 202: analyzing the influence rule of the logging diameter change on the formation density according to the formation density curve and the logging diameter curve;
step 203: and carrying out pattern recognition according to the influence rule, and determining whether the stratum density curve at each depth point is distorted.
In step 203, for example, a KNN nearest neighbor method may be used to perform pattern recognition to determine whether the formation density curve at each depth point is distorted.
And determining the upper limit and the lower limit of the formation density at each depth point according to the argillaceous content at each depth point. Specifically, the upper limit and the lower limit of the formation density at each depth point are determined according to the following formula:
ρmin=Vshρsh+(1-Vsh
ρmax=Vshρsh+(1-Vsh)ρ' (1)
where ρ isminRepresenting a lower formation density limit at each depth point; rhomaxRepresenting an upper formation density limit at each depth point; vshRepresenting the shale content at each depth point; rhoshRepresents the density of the mud; ρ represents the formation density measurement at the maximum porosity in the interpretation interval; ρ' represents a measure of the formation density where the porosity in the interpreted interval is zero.
After determining whether the diameter of each depth point is expanded and determining whether the formation density curve at each depth point is distorted, dividing the depth points into three categories, i: expanding the diameter without distorting the formation density curve; class II: expanding the diameter and distorting a formation density curve; class III: the hole diameter is standard and the formation density curve is not distorted.
For class iii depth points, no correction is required. For the type I depth point, the hole diameter is expanded, but the formation density curve is not distorted, so the formation density value does not need to be corrected.
And for the II type depth points, determining a calculation correction value of the stratum density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density measured value, the logging diameter, the logging bit diameter and the borehole mud density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve. In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 3, the method includes:
step 301: determining a mud contribution factor at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve according to the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve;
step 302: and determining a calculated correction value of the formation density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve according to the mud contribution factor, the formation density measurement value and the borehole mud density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve.
Wherein the mud contribution factor is used to characterize the effect of the mud on the formation density measurement. In the specific implementation of step 301, the hole diameter and formation density measurements are subjected to a logarithmic relationship according to the principle of density logging. And introducing a ratio of the logging diameter to the logging bit diameter to describe the hole diameter expanding degree, and determining a mud contribution factor at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted formation density curve according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0002481865800000071
wherein G ismudRepresenting a mud contribution factor at each depth point of the hole enlargement and the formation density curve distortion; CAL represents the logging diameter at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted formation density curve; BITs represent the logging bit diameter at each depth point of the hole enlargement and the formation density curve distortion; a and b represent correlation coefficients, and are solved according to the hole diameter standard and the depth point with the most serious diameter expansion, such as G at the depth point of the hole diameter standardmudSet to 0, G at the depth point where the diameter expansion is the most severemudWith a setting of 1, the values of a and b can be solved.
Assuming that the enlarged diameter part is filled with mud, according to the visual geometry factor theory, the density measured value rho of the enlarged diameter partaFor a weighted average of the contribution of mud density and undisturbed formation density, the density measurement can be expressed as: rhoa=ρb(1-Gmud)+ρmudGmud. Thus, when step 302 is implemented, the calculated correction for the formation density at each depth point for which the formation density profile is distorted due to the enlargement is determined according to the following equation:
Figure BDA0002481865800000072
where ρ isbA calculated correction value representing the formation density at each depth point of the borehole having an expanded diameter and distorted formation density profile; rhoaA formation density measurement at each depth point representing the hole enlargement and the distortion of the formation density curve; rhomudRepresenting the borehole mud density at each depth point with hole enlargement and formation density curve distortion; gmudRepresenting the mud contribution factor at each depth point with hole enlargement and distorted formation density curves.
And after the calculation correction value of the stratum density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve is determined, the stratum density correction value at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve is determined according to the upper limit of the stratum density, the lower limit of the stratum density and the calculation correction value of the stratum density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve. When the method is implemented specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
if the calculated correction value of the stratum density at a depth point with the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curves is smaller than or equal to the lower limit of the stratum density, the corrected value of the stratum density at the depth point is the lower limit of the stratum density;
if the calculated correction value of the stratum density at a depth point with the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curves is larger than or equal to the upper limit of the stratum density, the corrected value of the stratum density at the depth point is the upper limit of the stratum density;
and if the calculated correction value of the stratum density at a depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve is smaller than the upper limit of the stratum density and larger than the lower limit of the stratum density, the stratum density correction value at the depth point is the calculated correction value of the stratum density.
And after determining the formation density correction value at each depth point of the expanded and distorted formation density curve, obtaining the formation density correction value of the interpretation interval according to the formation density correction value at each depth point of the expanded and distorted formation density curve and the formation density measurement value at each depth point in the interpretation interval. The corrected formation density value of the interpretation interval is obtained by integrating the corrected formation density value at each depth point (type II depth point) with expanded diameter and distorted formation density curve and the measured formation density values at the rest depth points (type I depth point and type III depth point) in the interpretation interval.
A specific example is given below to illustrate how embodiments of the present invention perform a density log hole enlargement correction. This example applies to a particular well log.
Firstly, obtaining curves such as a logging diameter curve, a stratum density curve and the like in an interpretation interval by measuring through a logging instrument, collecting data such as logging drill bit diameter, mud density and the like, and obtaining a mud content curve through conventional logging interpretation;
judging whether the borehole is expanded, if so, marking the depth point as a borehole diameter standard; otherwise, marking the diameter expansion;
determining whether the stratum density curve at each depth point is distorted or not, so as to judge whether the stratum density at the current depth point needs to be corrected or not, marking the depth points needing to be corrected by the second-class depth points, and correcting the well diameter;
calculating the upper and lower limits of the stratum density at the current depth point by using a formula (1);
assuming that the diameter-expanded part is filled with mud, according to the apparent geometric factor theory, a stratum density measured value at the diameter-expanded part is a weighted average of contribution values of mud density and undisturbed stratum density, and calculating a calculation correction value of the stratum density at the current depth point by using a formula (3), wherein the mud contribution factor is calculated and obtained by using a formula (2);
judging whether the calculated correction value of the stratum density obtained by calculation meets the upper limit and the lower limit of the stratum density, and if the calculated correction value is higher than the upper limit of the density, the stratum density correction value is equal to the upper limit; if the calculated correction is below the lower density limit, the formation density correction is equal to the lower density limit; otherwise, the formation density correction is equal to the calculated correction for the calculated formation density.
And repeating the steps for each depth point until the correction of all the depth points in the interpretation interval is completed, and obtaining a corrected stratum density curve.
And FIG. 4 is a display of the logging hole enlargement correction result of the logging part section density logging. The 1 st and 2 nd traces in the figure are the original hole diameter (in cm) and density curve (in g/cm)3) In most cases, when the diameter expansion in the well is serious, the measured value of the density of the diameter expansion section is obviously lower than the density of surrounding rocks, and in some areas, the measured value is even lower than 2.0g/cm3. Lane 3 is the regularized density (dashed line, dimensionless) and caliper curve (solid line, dimensionless). A diameter expanding section, wherein the diameter expanding section and the diameter expanding section are obviously deviated; the result of KNN classification in the 4 th channel is noteworthy that the classification result is the first class in about 302-305m although the expansion occursHowever, due to the asymmetry of the well diameter, the density measurement is not seriously influenced, and the diameter expansion correction is not needed; lane 5 is the calculated mud contribution factor (dimensionless) and lane 6 is the corrected formation density (solid line, units g/cm)3) And the formation density measurement before correction (dotted line, unit g/cm)3) Lane 7 is the corrected density (in g/cm) as a function of mud density and borehole diameter3). It can be seen that the density value of the position with serious diameter expansion obviously changes before and after correction, and the density value which is sharply reduced at the well diameter collapse position is compensated.
FIG. 5 is a comparison of the synthetic logs before and after correction with well-side traces, with traces 1-7 being the original caliper, formation density measurements, regularized density and caliper, classification results, mud contribution factors, density comparison before and after correction, and density correction. The 8 th trace is the corresponding time/depth, the 9 th trace is the synthetic record made for the density measurement value before correction, the 10 th trace is the synthetic record made for the density after correction, and the 11 th trace is the seismic trace beside the well. It can be seen that the corrected composite log is more consistent with the well side-track.
The specific embodiment of the invention corrects the influence of the mud on the density measurement under the condition of hole enlargement, avoids excessive correction when the hole diameter is singly depended on, determines the point to be corrected by analyzing the relation between the formation density change and the hole diameter change and utilizing KNN mode identification, calculates the contribution factor of the mud density to the formation density measurement value according to the hole enlargement degree of the position to be corrected, eliminates the influence of the hole diameter change on the density logging by utilizing the apparent geometric factor theory, improves the accuracy of the density measurement, and has popularization value in the aspects of well seismic calibration, forward modeling and inversion.
The implementation of the above specific application is only an example, and the rest of the embodiments are not described in detail.
Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention further provide a density logging hole enlargement correction device, and as the principle of the problem solved by the density logging hole enlargement correction device is similar to the density logging hole enlargement correction method, the implementation of the density logging hole enlargement correction device can refer to the implementation of the density logging hole enlargement correction method, repeated parts are not described again, and the specific structure is shown in fig. 6:
a data acquisition module 601 for acquiring formation density measurements, shale content, log diameter, log bit diameter, and borehole mud density at each depth point in the interpretation interval;
an expanding discrimination module 602, configured to determine whether to expand the diameter of each depth point according to the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter at each depth point;
a curve distortion discrimination module 603, configured to determine whether the formation density curve at each depth point is distorted according to the formation density measurement value and the logging diameter at each depth point;
a density upper and lower limit determining module 604, configured to determine a formation density upper limit and a formation density lower limit at each depth point according to the shale content at each depth point;
a first correction module 605 for determining a calculated correction value for the formation density at each depth point at which the formation density curve is distorted and expanded based on the formation density measurement, the log diameter, the log bit diameter, and the borehole mud density at each depth point at which the formation density curve is distorted and expanded;
a second correction module 606, configured to determine a formation density correction value at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted formation density curve according to the upper limit of formation density, the lower limit of formation density, and the calculated correction value of formation density at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted formation density curve;
and the data integration module 607 is used for obtaining the formation density correction value of the interpretation interval according to the formation density correction value at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve and the formation density measurement value at each depth point in the interpretation interval.
In a specific embodiment, the expanding determination module 602 is specifically configured to:
if the absolute value of the difference value between the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter at a depth point is greater than or equal to a preset error, expanding the hole diameter at the depth point;
and if the absolute value of the difference value between the logging diameter and the logging drill bit diameter at a depth point is smaller than the preset error, the well diameter at the depth point is standard.
In an embodiment, the curve distortion determining module 603 is specifically configured to:
obtaining a formation density curve and a logging diameter curve of the regulated interpretation layer section according to the formation density measured value and the logging diameter at each depth point;
analyzing the influence rule of the logging diameter change on the formation density according to the formation density curve and the logging diameter curve;
and carrying out pattern recognition according to the influence rule, and determining whether the stratum density curve at each depth point is distorted.
In an embodiment, the first correction module 605 is specifically configured to:
determining a mud contribution factor at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve according to the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve; wherein the mud contribution factor is used to characterize the effect of the mud on the formation density measurement;
and determining a calculated correction value of the formation density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve according to the mud contribution factor, the formation density measurement value and the borehole mud density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve.
In specific implementation, the second calibration module 606 is specifically configured to:
if the calculated correction value of the stratum density at a depth point with the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curves is smaller than or equal to the lower limit of the stratum density, the corrected value of the stratum density at the depth point is the lower limit of the stratum density;
if the calculated correction value of the stratum density at a depth point with the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curves is larger than or equal to the upper limit of the stratum density, the corrected value of the stratum density at the depth point is the upper limit of the stratum density;
and if the calculated correction value of the stratum density at a depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve is smaller than the upper limit of the stratum density and larger than the lower limit of the stratum density, the stratum density correction value at the depth point is the calculated correction value of the stratum density.
In specific implementation, the data integration module 607 is specifically configured to:
and integrating the formation density correction value at each depth point expanded and distorted by the formation density curve and the formation density measurement value at each depth point except the depth point expanded and distorted by the formation density curve in the interpretation interval to obtain the formation density correction value of the interpretation interval.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored on the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the density logging hole enlargement correction method when executing the computer program.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program for executing the density logging hole enlargement correction method.
In summary, the density logging hole enlargement correction method and device provided by the embodiment of the invention have the following advantages:
obtaining a measure of formation density, shale content, log diameter, log bit diameter, and borehole mud density at each depth point in the interpreted interval; determining whether the diameter of each depth point is expanded or not according to the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter of each depth point; determining whether the formation density curve at each depth point is distorted according to the formation density measurement value and the logging diameter at each depth point; determining the upper limit and the lower limit of the formation density at each depth point according to the argillaceous content at each depth point; determining a calculation correction value of the stratum density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density measured value, the logging diameter, the logging drill bit diameter and the borehole mud density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve; determining a stratum density correction value at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density upper limit, the stratum density lower limit and the stratum density calculation correction value at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curve; and obtaining the formation density correction value of the interpretation interval according to the formation density correction value at each depth point expanded and distorted by the formation density curve and the formation density measurement value at each depth point in the interpretation interval. The influence of mud under expanding on density measurement is eliminated in the correction process, and the corrected real formation density value is obtained. And the depth points which are expanded and have undistorted density and the depth points which are expanded and have distorted density are respectively corrected, and not only the expansion is taken as the only correction criterion, so that excessive correction is avoided, and the result is more reasonable. And the parameters required by correction are few, the calculation complexity is reduced, the influence of human factors is small, and the correction error is small.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, apparatus, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made to the embodiment of the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (16)

1. A density logging hole enlargement correction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining formation density measurements, shale content, logging diameter, logging bit diameter, and borehole mud density at each depth point in the interpreted interval;
determining whether the diameter of each depth point is expanded or not according to the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter of each depth point;
determining whether the formation density curve at each depth point is distorted according to the formation density measurement value and the logging diameter at each depth point;
determining the upper limit and the lower limit of the formation density at each depth point according to the argillaceous content at each depth point;
determining a calculation correction value of the stratum density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density measured value, the logging diameter, the logging drill bit diameter and the borehole mud density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve;
determining a stratum density correction value at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density upper limit, the stratum density lower limit and the stratum density calculation correction value at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curve;
and obtaining the formation density correction value of the interpretation interval according to the formation density correction value at each depth point expanded and distorted by the formation density curve and the formation density measurement value at each depth point in the interpretation interval.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether the formation density curve at each depth point is distorted based on the formation density measurements and the log diameters at each depth point comprises:
obtaining a formation density curve and a logging diameter curve of the regulated interpretation layer section according to the formation density measured value and the logging diameter at each depth point;
analyzing the influence rule of the logging diameter change on the formation density according to the formation density curve and the logging diameter curve;
and carrying out pattern recognition according to the influence rule, and determining whether the stratum density curve at each depth point is distorted.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the upper and lower formation density limits are determined at each depth point based on the shale content at each depth point according to the following equation:
ρmin=Vshρsh+(1-Vsh
ρmax=Vshρsh+(1-Vsh)ρ'
where ρ isminRepresenting a lower formation density limit at each depth point; rhomaxRepresenting an upper formation density limit at each depth point; vshRepresenting the shale content at each depth point; rhoshRepresents the density of the mud; ρ represents the formation density measurement at the maximum porosity in the interpretation interval; ρ' represents a measure of the formation density where the porosity in the interpreted interval is zero.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a calculated correction for the formation density at each depth point at which the formation density profile is distorted based on the formation density measurement, the log diameter, the log bit diameter, and the borehole mud density at each depth point at which the formation density profile is distorted with an expanded diameter comprises:
determining a mud contribution factor at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve according to the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve; the mud contribution factor is used for characterizing the influence of mud on formation density measurement;
and determining a calculated correction value of the formation density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve according to the mud contribution factor, the formation density measurement value and the borehole mud density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the calculated correction for the formation density at each depth point at which the formation density curve is distorted due to the hole enlargement is determined based on the mud contribution factor, the formation density measurements, and the borehole mud density at each depth point at which the formation density curve is distorted according to the following equation:
Figure FDA0002481865790000021
where ρ isbA calculated correction value representing the formation density at each depth point of the borehole having an expanded diameter and distorted formation density profile; rhoaA formation density measurement at each depth point representing the hole enlargement and the distortion of the formation density curve; rhomudRepresenting the borehole mud density at each depth point with hole enlargement and formation density curve distortion; gmudRepresenting the mud contribution factor at each depth point with hole enlargement and distorted formation density curves.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the formation density correction value at each depth point at which the formation density curve is distorted based on the calculated correction values for the upper formation density limit, the lower formation density limit, and the formation density at each depth point at which the formation density curve is distorted with increased diameter comprises:
if the calculated correction value of the stratum density at a depth point with the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curves is smaller than or equal to the lower limit of the stratum density, the corrected value of the stratum density at the depth point is the lower limit of the stratum density;
if the calculated correction value of the stratum density at a depth point with expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curves is larger than or equal to the upper limit of the stratum density, the corrected value of the stratum density at the depth point is the upper limit of the stratum density;
and if the calculated correction value of the stratum density at a depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve is smaller than the upper limit of the stratum density and larger than the lower limit of the stratum density, the stratum density correction value at the depth point is the calculated correction value of the stratum density.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein deriving the formation density correction for the interpreted interval from the formation density correction at each depth point expanded and the formation density curve distorted and the formation density measurements at each depth point in the interpreted interval comprises:
and integrating the formation density correction value at each depth point expanded and distorted by the formation density curve and the formation density measurement value at each depth point except the depth point expanded and distorted by the formation density curve in the interpretation interval to obtain the formation density correction value of the interpretation interval.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein determining whether to expand at each depth point based on the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter at each depth point comprises:
if the absolute value of the difference value between the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter at a depth point is greater than or equal to a preset error, expanding the hole diameter at the depth point;
and if the absolute value of the difference value between the logging diameter and the logging drill bit diameter at a depth point is smaller than the preset error, the well diameter at the depth point is standard.
9. A density logging hole enlargement correcting device is characterized by comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring formation density measurement values, shale content, logging diameters, logging drill bit diameters and borehole mud densities at each depth point in the interpretation interval;
the expanding judging module is used for determining whether the diameter of each depth point is expanded or not according to the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter of each depth point;
the curve distortion judging module is used for determining whether the stratum density curve at each depth point is distorted according to the stratum density measured value and the logging diameter at each depth point;
the density upper and lower limit determining module is used for determining the stratum density upper limit and the stratum density lower limit at each depth point according to the argillaceous content at each depth point;
the first correction module is used for determining a calculation correction value of the stratum density at each depth point with the diameter expansion and the distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density measurement value, the logging diameter, the logging bit diameter and the borehole mud density at each depth point with the diameter expansion and the distorted stratum density curve;
the second correction module is used for determining the stratum density correction value at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curve according to the stratum density upper limit, the stratum density lower limit and the stratum density calculation correction value at each depth point of the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curve;
and the data integration module is used for obtaining the stratum density correction value of the interpretation interval according to the stratum density correction value at each depth point with expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curve and the stratum density measurement value at each depth point in the interpretation interval.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the curve distortion discrimination module is specifically configured to:
obtaining a formation density curve and a logging diameter curve of the regulated interpretation layer section according to the formation density measured value and the logging diameter at each depth point;
analyzing the influence rule of the logging diameter change on the formation density according to the formation density curve and the logging diameter curve;
and carrying out pattern recognition according to the influence rule, and determining whether the stratum density curve at each depth point is distorted.
11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first correction module is specifically configured to:
determining a mud contribution factor at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve according to the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve; the mud contribution factor is used for characterizing the influence of mud on formation density measurement;
and determining a calculated correction value of the formation density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve according to the mud contribution factor, the formation density measurement value and the borehole mud density at each depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted formation density curve.
12. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second correction module is specifically to:
if the calculated correction value of the stratum density at a depth point with the expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curves is smaller than or equal to the lower limit of the stratum density, the corrected value of the stratum density at the depth point is the lower limit of the stratum density;
if the calculated correction value of the stratum density at a depth point with expanded diameter and distorted stratum density curves is larger than or equal to the upper limit of the stratum density, the corrected value of the stratum density at the depth point is the upper limit of the stratum density;
and if the calculated correction value of the stratum density at a depth point with the expanded diameter and the distorted stratum density curve is smaller than the upper limit of the stratum density and larger than the lower limit of the stratum density, the stratum density correction value at the depth point is the calculated correction value of the stratum density.
13. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the data integration module is specifically configured to:
and integrating the formation density correction value at each depth point expanded and distorted by the formation density curve and the formation density measurement value at each depth point except the depth point expanded and distorted by the formation density curve in the interpretation interval to obtain the formation density correction value of the interpretation interval.
14. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the diameter expansion determination module is specifically configured to:
if the absolute value of the difference value between the logging diameter and the logging bit diameter at a depth point is greater than or equal to a preset error, expanding the hole diameter at the depth point;
and if the absolute value of the difference value between the logging diameter and the logging drill bit diameter at a depth point is smaller than the preset error, the well diameter at the depth point is standard.
15. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing the computer program.
16. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
CN202010380487.6A 2020-05-08 2020-05-08 Density logging hole enlargement correction method and device Pending CN111520126A (en)

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