CN111520019B

CN111520019B - Automatic door opening and closing mechanism and method and household appliance

Info

Publication number: CN111520019B
Application number: CN201910105191.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙京岩; 冯浩; 韩照华; 王华伟; 葛兆亮; 尚波
Original assignee: Qingdao Haier Co Ltd; Qingdao Haier Wisdom Kitchen Appliance Co Ltd
Current assignee: Qingdao Haier Co Ltd; Qingdao Haier Wisdom Kitchen Appliance Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-02-01
Filing date: 2019-02-01
Publication date: 2024-04-05
Anticipated expiration: 2039-02-01
Also published as: CN111520019A

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic door opening and closing mechanism, a method and a household appliance, which comprise a base and a swinging arm, wherein the swinging arm is hinged on the base through a first fixed shaft, and the base is provided with a switch transmission assembly with an automatic opening and closing function; the switch transmission assembly comprises a transmission part and a power assembly for providing power for the transmission part to enable the transmission part to slide, wherein the front end of the transmission part is fixed with the swing arm, and the rear end of the transmission part is fixed with the power assembly. The door body can be automatically opened and closed without a handle structure, so that the occupied kitchen space can be effectively reduced, the overall appearance of the product is ensured, and the operation comfort of the whole machine is improved.

Description

Automatic door opening and closing mechanism and method and household appliance

Technical Field

The invention relates to a mechanical transmission mechanism, in particular to an automatic door opening and closing mechanism and method and a household appliance.

Background

At present, the external door handle extends outwards to the outside of the whole door body to give a sudden feel to influence the overall appearance of the product; on the other hand, in a limited kitchen space, the structure occupies extra space, and reduces the activity space of personnel in the kitchen. The part adopts a manual pressing type handle structure, so that the handle is hidden in the door body when not in work, and the handle needs to be pressed forcefully in the use process; meanwhile, a manual door opening or closing mode and a spring power assisting mode are adopted, so that a certain labor-saving effect is achieved, and the user experience effect is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to solve the technical problems and provide the automatic door opening and closing mechanism which improves the overall appearance of a product and saves the kitchen space.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a household appliance using the mechanism.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an automatic door opening and closing method using the same.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

the automatic door opening and closing mechanism comprises a base and a swing arm, wherein the swing arm is hinged to the base through a first fixed shaft, and the base is provided with a switch transmission assembly with an automatic opening and closing function;

the switch transmission assembly comprises a transmission part and a power assembly for providing power for the transmission part to enable the transmission part to slide, wherein the front end of the transmission part is fixed with the swing arm, and the rear end of the transmission part is fixed with the power assembly.

Further, the switch transmission assembly further comprises an elastic piece, the front end of the elastic piece is in sliding connection with the base, the rear end of the elastic piece is fixedly connected with the base, the swing arm is connected with the front end of the elastic piece, and the front end of the transmission piece is fixed with the front end of the elastic piece.

Further, the swing arm is connected with the front end of the elastic piece through a connecting piece, the front end of the connecting piece is connected with the swing arm through a second fixed shaft, and the rear end of the connecting piece is fixed at the front end of the elastic piece.

Further, the front end of the elastic piece is connected to the base through a sliding shaft, and a limiting hole for limiting the sliding position of the sliding shaft is formed in the base.

Further, the rear end of the connecting piece is fixed at the front end of the elastic piece through the sliding piece, and the front end and the rear end of the sliding piece are hinged with the connecting piece and the sliding shaft respectively.

Further, the front end of the transmission piece is fixedly connected with the sliding piece.

Further, the transmission piece is arranged on the top of the elastic piece.

Further, the power assembly comprises a motor driving mechanism, a gear box reducing structure and a transmission piece driving structure which are sequentially connected, and the output end of the transmission piece driving structure is connected with the rear end of the transmission piece.

Further, the transmission piece driving structure is a screw rod structure or a screw rod structure.

The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

an automatic door opening and closing mechanism which is characterized in that: the door body is driven to swing to open or close by the switch transmission component;

and the buffering damping assembly is used for enabling the door body to have a buffering closing function in the stage of the full closing position and/or enabling the door body to slowly recover to the maximum opening position when exceeding the maximum opening position.

Further, the stage of the fully closed position is a stage of the door body opening angle being smaller than 15 degrees.

Further, the maximum opening position is that the opening angle of the door body is 70 degrees.

The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

when the door body is opened, the door body is driven to swing by the switch transmission assembly, and the door body is automatically opened to the maximum opening position;

when the door body is closed, the switch transmission assembly drives the door body to swing, the door body is automatically closed, and when the door body reaches a certain angle, the switch transmission assembly stops driving the door body to close, and the door body is slowly closed under the action of the damper of the buffering damping assembly.

The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a household appliance comprises the automatic door opening and closing mechanism.

The other technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a household appliance is provided, which is applied to the automatic door opening and closing method.

In summary, according to the automatic door opening and closing mechanism, the automatic door opening and closing method and the household appliance, the door body can be opened and closed automatically, a handle structure is not needed, the occupied kitchen space can be effectively reduced, the overall appearance of a product is ensured, and the operating comfort of the whole machine is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a home appliance according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a damping assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is an exploded view of the cushioning damping assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a front view of the cushioning damping assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the swing arm of the cushioning damping assembly of the present invention in a first region of motion;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the swing arm of the cushioning damping assembly of the present invention in a second region of motion;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the swing arm of the cushioning damping assembly of the present invention in a third region of motion;

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a damper and cartridge assembly of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 13, the base 1, the swing arm 2, the first fixed shaft 3, the transmission member 4, the elastic member 5, the connecting member 6, the second fixed shaft 7, the slide shaft 8, the limiting hole 9, the third fixed shaft 10, the slide member 11, the motor driving mechanism 12, the gear box decelerating structure 13, the transmission member driving structure 14;

the swing arm device comprises a base 100, a swing arm 101, an elastic element 102, a sliding shaft 103, a limiting jaw 104, a sliding piece 105, a connecting rod 106, a damper 107, a clamping seat 108, a hinge shaft 109, a sliding chute 101a, a limiting protrusion 101b, a limiting groove 105a, a return spring 107a and a jaw 108a.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawings and detailed description:

the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation indicated by the term "front" is an orientation near one end of the door body, the orientation indicated by the term "rear" is an orientation far from one end of the door body, and the orientation indicated by the term "top" is based on the orientation shown in fig. 2, only for convenience of description of the present invention and for simplicity of description, and not to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate by those of ordinary skill in the art.

Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically illustrated by the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides an automatic door opening and closing mechanism, which mainly includes a base 1 and a swing arm 2, wherein the swing arm 2 is hinged on the base 1 through a first fixing shaft 3, and the base 1 is provided with a switch transmission assembly having an automatic opening and closing function. The base 1 is arranged on the cabinet body, and the swing arm 2 is arranged on the door body.

The switch transmission assembly comprises a transmission member 4 and a power assembly, wherein the power assembly is used for providing power for the transmission member 4 to slide forwards and backwards. The front end of the transmission piece 4 is fixed with the swing arm 2, and the rear end of the transmission piece 4 is fixed with the power assembly. The driving part 4 is driven to slide back and forth through the power assembly, so that the swing arm 2 swings along with the sliding of the driving part 4, and the opening and closing of the door body are completed. Through this switch door mechanism, the door body can be opened and shut automatically, need not to set up the handle structure, can effectively reduce and occupy kitchen space, guarantees the whole outward appearance of product, improves the control travelling comfort of complete machine.

The switch transmission assembly further comprises an elastic piece 5, the front end of the elastic piece 5 is in sliding connection with the base 1, and the rear end of the elastic piece 5 is fixedly connected with the base 1.

The front end of the elastic piece 5 is connected with the base 1 through a sliding shaft 8, and the front end of the elastic piece 5 is hung and buckled on the sliding shaft 8. The base 1 is provided with a limiting hole 9 for limiting the sliding position of the sliding shaft 8. Limiting holes 9 are formed in two side faces of the base 1, and two ends of the sliding shaft 8 are respectively fixed in the limiting holes 9.

The rear end of the elastic piece 5 is connected to the base 1 through a third fixed shaft 10, the rear end of the elastic piece 5 is hung and buckled on the third fixed shaft 10, and two ends of the third fixed shaft 10 are fixed with two side surfaces of the base 1.

The swing arm 2 is connected to the front end of the elastic member 5. Further, the swing arm 2 is connected to the front end of the elastic member 5 through a connecting member 6, the front end of the connecting member 6 is connected to the swing arm 2 through a second fixing shaft 7, and the rear end of the connecting member 6 is fixed to the front end of the elastic member 5. The connecting piece 6 is hinged with the swing arm 2 through a second fixed shaft 7, and when the connecting piece 6 slides along with the transmission piece 4, the swing arm 2 is pushed to swing. In order to improve stability, the connecting piece 6 adopts a U-shaped structure.

The rear end of the connecting piece 6 is fixed at the front end of the elastic piece 5 through a sliding piece 11, and the front end and the rear end of the sliding piece 11 are respectively hinged with the connecting piece 6 and the sliding shaft 8. The sliding piece 11 adopts a herringbone structure, the front end of the sliding piece is inserted into a U-shaped structural groove of the connecting piece 6 and hinged with the U-shaped structural groove, and two side surfaces of the rear end of the sliding piece are respectively provided with a through hole which is hinged with the sliding shaft 8. The sliding part 11 adopts a herringbone structure, so that the connection between the connecting part 6 and the elastic part 5 is completed, the influence on the hanging buckle at the front end of the elastic part 5 is avoided, and a fixing surface is provided for fixing the transmission part 4 and the sliding part 11.

The front end of the transmission member 4 is fixed to the front end of the elastic member 5, specifically, the front end of the transmission member 4 is fixedly connected to the slider 11. The transmission member 4 is provided on the top of the elastic member 5, penetrates through the entire elastic member 5, and has its front end fixed on the top of the slider 11.

By arranging the connecting piece 6 and the sliding piece 11, the force of the transmission piece 4 can be stably transmitted to the swing arm 2, so that the swing of the swing arm 2 is more stable.

When the door body needs to be opened, the power component provides power to the transmission part 4, the transmission part 4 slides backwards, the transmission part 4 drives the sliding part 11, the sliding shaft 8 and the connecting part 6 to slide backwards, and the swing arm 2 swings the door body to be opened. In the swinging process of the swinging arm 2, the elastic piece 5 is pressed to provide elasticity forwards, the elasticity provided by the elastic piece 5 is balanced with the gravity of the door body, and the door body can hover. And the elasticity that the elastic component 5 provided has still reduced because of the too big atress burden to driving medium 4, power pack of door weight is too big, avoids the door body to smash down because of power pack inefficacy, causes the injury to door opening and closing mechanism, door body self, user's person.

When the door body needs to be closed, the power component provides power to the transmission part 4, the transmission part 4 slides forwards, the transmission part 4 drives the sliding part 11, the sliding shaft 8 and the connecting part 6 to slide forwards, and the swing arm 2 swings the door body to be closed. The elastic force provided by the elastic piece 5 is combined in the closing process, so that the power provided by the power component can be reduced, and the door body is more stable when being closed.

The opening and closing rotation angle range of the door body is 0-87 degrees, and the opening and closing angles of the door body can be controlled by an intelligent control program of a computer board according to different baking modes.

The power assembly comprises a motor driving mechanism 12, a gear box reducing structure 13 and a transmission piece driving structure 14, wherein a power shaft of the motor driving mechanism 12 is connected with the gear box reducing structure 13, a power output end of the gear box reducing structure 13 is connected with the transmission piece driving structure 14, and the transmission piece driving structure 14 is fixed on the base 1.

The gear box reduction mechanism 13 is connected to the motor drive mechanism 12 to reduce the speed of rotation provided by the motor. The transmission driving structure 14 is used for converting rotational mechanical force into transverse acting force, in this embodiment, the transmission driving structure is a screw structure or a screw structure, and an output end of the transmission driving structure 14 is connected with a rear end of the transmission 4.

In the embodiment, one side of the door body is provided with the automatic door opening and closing mechanism, and the other side is hinged with the cabinet body in a common way; or the two sides of the door body are provided with the automatic door opening and closing mechanism.

A household appliance can be a sterilizing cabinet, an oven, a steam box and the like, and comprises a cabinet body and a door body, and also comprises the automatic door opening and closing mechanism.

Example two

The embodiment provides an automatic door opening and closing mechanism, which comprises a switch transmission assembly and a buffering damping assembly. Two sides of the cabinet body are respectively provided with a base (1/100), the two bases (1/100) are respectively hinged with a swinging arm (2/101), and the swinging arms (2/101) are arranged on two sides of the door body. A switch transmission assembly is arranged on the base 1 on one side, and a buffer damping assembly is arranged on the base 100 on the other side.

And the switch transmission assembly is used for driving the door body to swing so as to open or close the door body. And the buffering damping assembly is used for enabling the door body to have a buffering closing function in the stage of the full closing position and/or enabling the door body to slowly recover to the maximum opening position when exceeding the maximum opening position.

In this embodiment, the stage of the fully closed position is a stage of the door body opening angle being less than 15 °, and the maximum opening position is the door body opening angle being 70 °. The door body angle at the stage of the fully closed position and the door body angle at the maximum open position can be changed according to actual requirements by changing the types of the elastic element 102 and the damper 107.

The structure of the switch transmission assembly in this embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, and will not be described here again.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the buffering damping assembly mainly comprises a bidirectional damping assembly, an elastic element 102, a sliding shaft 103 and a limiting jaw 104. The base 100 is a sheet metal part in a long groove shape, and the swing arm 101 is rotatably mounted at one end of the base 100, specifically, the swing arm 101 is connected to the base 100 through a hinge shaft 109. The bidirectional damping component is arranged on the base 100, one end of the bidirectional damping component is connected with the swing arm 101 in a sliding way through the sliding shaft 103, and the other end of the bidirectional damping component is connected with the base 100 through the elastic element 102; the bidirectional damping component has two limit positions and has damping effect when approaching the limit positions, and the bidirectional damping component can be driven to move between the two limit positions by rotating the swing arm 101.

As shown in connection with fig. 7 and 8, in particular, the bi-directional damping assembly includes a slider 105, a connecting rod 106, a damper 107, and a cartridge 108. The sliding piece 105 is slidably arranged on the base 100, one end of the sliding piece 105 is hinged with the connecting rod 106, and the other end is connected with the base 100 through the elastic element 102; the other end of the connecting rod 106 is slidably connected with the swing arm 101 through a sliding shaft 103. The damper 107 is mounted on the base 100 by a clip 108. The elastic member 102 is configured to pull the slider 105 to a side away from the swing arm 101, and the elastic member 102 is configured to return the swing arm 101. The sliding piece 105 is provided with a limit groove 105a with the length larger than that of the damper 107, the limit groove 105a is sleeved on the damper 107, when the swing arm 101 rotates, the sliding piece 105 is driven to slide through the connecting rod 106, and when the sliding piece 105 slides to a near-limit position, the end part of the limit groove 105a is contacted with the damper 107, and the damper 107 is compressed, so that a damping effect is generated, and the rotation speed of the swing arm 101 is reduced.

Preferably, the elastic element 102 is a tension spring, one end of which is hooked to the sliding member 105, and the other end of which is hooked to the base 100. The swing arm 101 needs to overcome the force of the tension spring to rotate.

As shown in fig. 13, the center axis of the damper 107 is parallel to the sliding direction of the slider 105. Specifically, the clamping seat 108 is a plastic piece and is provided with a mounting groove, the damper 107 is placed in the mounting groove, the width of the mounting groove is the same as the outer diameter of the damper 107, clamping claws 108a are arranged at two sides of the clamping seat 108 and are clamped with the base 100, and the position of the clamping seat 108 is fixed relative to the base 100. A certain gap is reserved between the end part of the damper 107 and the clamping seat 108, so that the damper 107 can relatively move slightly in the clamping seat 108, and a return spring 107a is sleeved on the damper 107, so that the damper 107 can automatically return, and a certain damping effect is generated when the damper 107 is compressed.

As shown in fig. 10, 11, and 12, the movement range of the swing arm 101 is divided into a first movement region, a second movement region, and a third movement region. In the first movement region and the third movement region, the end of the limit groove 105a is in contact with the damper 107, and generates a squeezing action; in the second movement region, the end of the limiting groove 105a is separated from the damper 107, the damper 107 is in a fully extended state, and the swing arm 101 does not have a damping effect when rotating in the second movement region.

Preferably, when the swing arm 101 is in the first movement region, the included angle between the swing arm 101 and the connecting rod 106 is 85-105 degrees; when the swing arm 101 is in the second movement area, the included angle between the swing arm 101 and the connecting rod 106 is 105-160 degrees; in the third movement area of the swing arm 101, the included angle between the swing arm 101 and the connecting rod 106 is 160-177 degrees.

The ranges of the first movement region, the second movement region and the third movement region can be adjusted as required.

As shown in fig. 9, in order to avoid the large inclination of the connecting rod 106 when the swing arm 101 rotates, the connecting rod 106 and the sliding member 105 are kept on the same straight line, the swing arm 101 is provided with a sliding groove 101a, the sliding groove 101a is eccentrically arranged at one side of the swing arm 101, the sliding shaft 103 is installed in the sliding groove 101a, when the swing arm 101 rotates, the sliding shaft 103 slides along the sliding groove 101a, and the length of the sliding groove 101a limits the rotation range of the swing arm 101.

Preferably, the sliding groove 101a is an arc groove, a limit protrusion 101b is disposed on one side of the sliding groove 101a near the connecting rod 106, the curvature of the sliding groove 101a is changed by the limit protrusion 101b, and a concave groove for accommodating the sliding shaft 103 is formed on one side of the limit protrusion 101b, so that the sliding shaft 103 is not easy to separate from the concave groove, and a positioning effect is achieved. When the sliding shaft 103 passes the limit protrusion 101b, the resistance to the sliding shaft 103 suddenly increases, so that the process needs to apply a larger force to the swing arm 101 to enable the sliding shaft 103 to pass over the limit protrusion 101b, and the effect of the limit protrusion 101b enables the resistance to the hinge just when the hinge is opened to be larger, so that a better closing effect can be maintained.

Preferably, the sliding member 105 is a long strip metal plate, the clamping seat 108 is provided with a groove for the sliding member 105 to pass through, the limiting groove 105a is a square through hole arranged in the middle of the sliding member 105, the damper 107 is located in the square through hole, and when the sliding member 105 slides to a certain position to two sides, the end part of the damper 107 contacts with the square through hole and generates an acting force, so that the damper 107 is compressed.

As shown in fig. 10 and 11, the limiting jaw 104 is rotatably connected with the swing arm 101 through a hinge shaft, and rotating the limiting jaw 104 can make one end of the limiting jaw 104 clamped between the swing arm 101 and the connecting rod 106, so that the included angle between the swing arm 101 and the connecting rod 106 cannot be further reduced, thereby limiting the rotation angle of the swing arm 101 and stopping the swing arm 101 at a certain fixed position.

An automatic door opening and closing method applying the automatic door opening and closing mechanism comprises the following steps:

when the door body is opened, the switch transmission assembly drives the door body to swing, and the door body is automatically opened to the maximum opening position. Specifically, the switch transmission assembly drives the swing arm 2 at one side of the door body to swing, the door body is opened to drive the swing arm 101 at the other side to swing, and the switch transmission assembly stops when the door body is opened to the maximum opening position of 70 degrees, namely, when the included angle between the swing arm 101 and the connecting rod 106 is 160 degrees, and the door body is completely opened.

When the opening angle of the door body is 15-70 degrees, namely the swing arm 101 is in the second movement region, and the included angle between the swing arm 101 and the connecting rod 106 is 105-160 degrees, the force provided by the elastic element 102 keeps balance with the gravity of the door body, so that the door body can hover at any angle position in the region.

When the door body is opened to the maximum opening position of 70 degrees, if the door body is not driven by the person pressing by mistake or the switch transmission assembly is not stopped, the door body is opened by more than 70 degrees and is positioned between 70 degrees and 87 degrees, the swinging arm 101 is positioned in a third movement area, the included angle between the swinging arm 101 and the connecting rod 106 is 160 degrees to 177 degrees, a damping effect is generated at this time, and the door body slowly returns to the maximum opening position and then hovers at the maximum opening position of 70 degrees. The damping effect can remind the user, avoids opening the door the angle too big and cause the impact to door body and automatic switch door mechanism, is favorable to prolonging the life of the door body, promotes user's use impression, reaches better result of use.

When the door body is closed, the switch transmission assembly drives the door body to swing, and the door body is automatically closed. Specifically, the switch transmission assembly drives the swing arm 2 on one side of the door body to swing, the door body starts to be closed and then drives the swing arm 101 on the other side to swing, until the door body is closed to be smaller than 15 degrees, the swing arm 101 is in a first movement area, the included angle between the swing arm 101 and the connecting rod 106 is smaller than 105 degrees, a damping effect is generated at the moment, the switch transmission assembly stops driving the door body to be closed, and the door body is slowly closed under the action of the damper 107. The damping effect is achieved in the closing process, and large noise generated during closing can be effectively avoided.

A household appliance can be a sterilizing cabinet, an oven, a steam box and the like, and comprises a cabinet body and a door body, wherein the automatic door opening and closing method is applied.

As mentioned above, similar technical solutions can be derived from the solution content presented in connection with the figures. However, any simple modification, equivalent variation and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automatic door opening and closing mechanism, includes base, swing arm, the swing arm pass through first fixed axle articulate in on the base, its characterized in that: the base is provided with a switch transmission assembly with an automatic switch function, the switch transmission assembly comprises a transmission piece and a power assembly for providing power for the transmission piece to enable the transmission piece to slide, the front end of the transmission piece is fixed with the swing arm, and the rear end of the transmission piece is fixed with the power assembly;

the switch transmission assembly further comprises an elastic piece, the front end of the elastic piece is in sliding connection with the base, the rear end of the elastic piece is fixedly connected with the base, the swing arm is connected with the front end of the elastic piece, and the front end of the transmission piece is fixed with the front end of the elastic piece;

the swing arm is connected with the front end of the elastic piece through a connecting piece, the front end of the connecting piece is connected with the swing arm through a second fixed shaft, and the rear end of the connecting piece is fixed at the front end of the elastic piece;

the swing arm is provided with a sliding groove, the second fixed shaft is arranged in the sliding groove, when the swing arm rotates, the second fixed shaft slides along the sliding groove, and the length of the sliding groove limits the rotation range of the swing arm.

2. An automatic door opening and closing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the front end of the elastic piece is connected to the base through a sliding shaft, and a limiting hole for limiting the sliding position of the sliding shaft is formed in the base.

3. An automatic door opening and closing mechanism as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the rear end of the connecting piece is fixed at the front end of the elastic piece through the sliding piece, and the front end and the rear end of the sliding piece are respectively hinged with the connecting piece and the sliding shaft.

4. An automatic door opening and closing mechanism according to claim 3, wherein: the front end of the transmission piece is fixedly connected with the sliding piece.

5. An automatic door opening and closing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the transmission piece is arranged at the top of the elastic piece.

6. An automatic door opening and closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the power assembly comprises a motor driving mechanism, a gear box speed reducing structure and a transmission piece driving structure which are sequentially connected, and the output end of the transmission piece driving structure is connected with the rear end of the transmission piece.

7. An automatic door opening and closing mechanism as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the driving structure of the transmission piece is a screw rod structure or a screw rod structure.

8. An automatic door opening and closing mechanism which is characterized in that: the door body is driven to swing to open or close by the switch transmission component;

the buffering damping assembly is used for enabling the door body to have a buffering closing function in the stage of the fully closed position and/or enabling the door body to slowly recover to the maximum open position when exceeding the maximum open position;

the swing arm is connected with the base through a hinge shaft;

the damping assembly comprises a bidirectional damping assembly, an elastic element and a sliding shaft, one end of the bidirectional damping assembly is connected with the swinging arm in a sliding manner through the sliding shaft, and the other end of the bidirectional damping assembly is connected with the base through the elastic element;

the swing arm is provided with a sliding groove, the sliding shaft is arranged in the sliding groove, when the swing arm rotates, the sliding shaft slides along the sliding groove, and the length of the sliding groove limits the rotation range of the swing arm.

9. An automatic door opening and closing mechanism as recited in claim 8, wherein: the stage of the fully closed position is a stage of the door body opening angle being smaller than 15 degrees.

10. An automatic door opening and closing mechanism as recited in claim 8, wherein: the maximum opening position is that the opening angle of the door body is 70 degrees.

11. An automatic door opening and closing method using the automatic door opening and closing mechanism as claimed in any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that: when the door body is opened, the switch transmission assembly drives the door body to swing, and the door body is automatically opened to the maximum opening position;

12. A household appliance, characterized in that: an automatic door opening and closing mechanism comprising the device according to any one of claims 1 to 10.

13. A household appliance, characterized in that: use of an automatic door opening and closing method according to claim 11.