CN111519433A - Non-woven fabric material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Non-woven fabric material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111519433A CN111519433A CN202010398523.1A CN202010398523A CN111519433A CN 111519433 A CN111519433 A CN 111519433A CN 202010398523 A CN202010398523 A CN 202010398523A CN 111519433 A CN111519433 A CN 111519433A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M14/00—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
- D06M14/18—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials using wave energy or particle radiation
- D06M14/26—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials using wave energy or particle radiation on to materials of synthetic origin
- D06M14/28—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials using wave energy or particle radiation on to materials of synthetic origin of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
- B01D46/0028—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions provided with antibacterial or antifungal means
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M14/00—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials
- D06M14/18—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials using wave energy or particle radiation
- D06M14/26—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials using wave energy or particle radiation on to materials of synthetic origin
- D06M14/30—Graft polymerisation of monomers containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds on to fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials using wave energy or particle radiation on to materials of synthetic origin of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M14/32—Polyesters
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing a non-woven fabric material, the non-woven fabric material prepared by the method and application of the non-woven fabric material in a filter. Wherein the method for preparing the non-woven fabric material comprises the following steps: (1) adding a pyridinium monomer into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the molar concentration of the pyridinium monomer is 0.5-1.0 mol/L so as to obtain a solution A; (2) adding a photoinitiator into the solution A to obtain a solution B; (3) adding non-woven fabrics into the solution B and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixture C; (4) filling nitrogen into the mixture C, bubbling for 10min, sealing, and starting an ultraviolet lamp in a constant-temperature water bath to perform irradiation grafting reaction; and (5) washing a product after the irradiation grafting reaction with acetone, then extracting for 24 hours, and drying at the temperature of below 60 ℃ so as to obtain the non-woven fabric material. The non-woven fabric material prepared by the method keeps the original filtering performance of the non-woven fabric, and has good antibacterial and antiseptic properties.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of materials, and particularly relates to a method for preparing a non-woven fabric material, the non-woven fabric material prepared by the method and application of the non-woven fabric material in a filter.
Background
With the continuous development of economy in China, automobiles are indispensable transportation means in daily life of people. With the increase of the possession of private automobiles in cities year by year, the air pollution condition on roads is increasingly serious, the space in the automobiles is narrow, the air circulation is poor, the diffusion of pollutants is not facilitated, and great harm is brought to the health of the automobile owners. How to improve the quality of air in the vehicle becomes a topic which is closely concerned by the majority of vehicle owners.
The non-woven fabric material gradually replaces the traditional woven and knitted products with the advantages of excellent filtering performance, low cost, high yield, easy compounding, wrinkle resistance, short net forming process, simple processing process and the like, becomes a novel textile filtering material, and plays the most important role in the field of air filtering materials. Nonwoven products are used for air filtration, such as spunbond, spunlace, needle-punched, SMS composite, and meltblown. Melt-blown non-woven fabric filter materials are widely applied to products such as medical protective masks, dust masks and air purifiers at present, the filter mechanism mainly depends on mechanical blocking effects such as Brownian diffusion, direct interception, inertial collision, interception, gravity deposition and the like, and the filter materials used in the field of air purification in vehicles are also mainly melt-blown non-woven fabrics.
A Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is a device that can directly convert chemical energy of fuel (usually hydrogen or methanol) and oxidant (oxygen or air) into electrical energy, and has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, no environmental pollution, simple structure, and low influence of load change on power generation efficiency, and is considered to be a type of cell with the greatest development prospect. In recent years, Fuel Cell Vehicles (FCV) and proton exchange membrane fuel cell (pem) technologies have been rapidly promoted along with the rapid development of new energy vehicles. An air filter with high efficiency and particulate matter filtering and antibacterial functions is required to be used in the fuel cell system, and the device is an important accessory of the fuel cell system and directly influences the service life of the fuel cell.
Therefore, it is desired to develop a material suitable for an air filter and having both filtering and antibacterial functions.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a non-woven fabric material for a vehicle air conditioner filter and a preparation method thereof, wherein the non-woven fabric material has antibacterial and antifungal properties on the premise of maintaining the original filtering properties, and therefore, the non-woven fabric material can be used in the application fields of vehicle air conditioner filters, proton exchange membrane fuel cell air filters, and the like, and can effectively improve the quality of air in vehicles and prolong the service life of fuel cells.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of making a nonwoven material, the method comprising:
(1) adding a pyridinium monomer into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the molar concentration of the pyridinium monomer is 0.5-1.0 mol/L so as to obtain a solution A;
(2) adding a photoinitiator into the solution A to ensure that the mass percentage concentration of the photoinitiator is 0.1-0.5% so as to obtain a solution B;
(3) adding non-woven fabrics into the solution B, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the mass ratio of the non-woven fabrics to the solution B is 1: 20-1: 100 so as to obtain a mixture C;
(4) filling nitrogen into the mixture C, bubbling for 10min, sealing, and starting an ultraviolet lamp in a constant-temperature water bath to perform irradiation grafting reaction; and
(5) and washing the product after the irradiation grafting reaction with acetone, extracting for 24 hours, and drying at the temperature of below 60 ℃ to obtain the non-woven fabric material.
Therefore, the non-woven fabric material with both filtering performance and antibacterial and mildewproof performance can be prepared by adopting the method for preparing the non-woven fabric material provided by the embodiment of the invention, the preparation method is simple and easy to implement, and pyridinium can be effectively grafted on the surface of the non-woven fabric, so that the non-woven fabric has good antibacterial and mildewproof performance, and the application range of the non-woven fabric is expanded. Therefore, the non-woven fabric product prepared by the method can be used for an air filter in an automobile and an air filter in a fuel cell system, so that the quality of air in the automobile can be effectively improved, and the service life of the fuel cell can be effectively prolonged.
In addition, the method for preparing a nonwoven material according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the invention, the pyridinium salt monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of 4-vinylpyridine-alkylammonium bromide, 4-vinylpyridine-alkoxyammonium bromide, 4-vinylpyridine-alkylammonium bromide containing an aromatic ring, and 4-vinylpyridine-alkoxyammonium bromide containing an aromatic ring.
In some embodiments of the invention, the 4-vinylpyridine-alkylammonium bromide is 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide.
In some embodiments of the invention, the photoinitiator is Esacure TZT.
In some embodiments of the invention, the irradiation intensity of the irradiation grafting reaction is 2-4W/m2。
In some embodiments of the present invention, the reaction temperature of the irradiation grafting reaction is 30 to 60 ℃, and the reaction time is 30 to 60 min.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a nonwoven material prepared by the method of the preceding embodiment, which, according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprises: the pyridine salt monomer layer is formed on the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate through ultraviolet irradiation grafting.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the invention further provides the use of the nonwoven material according to the preceding embodiment in a filter, which is a filter for an air conditioner for a vehicle or a filter for a fuel cell.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of the grafting reaction in the preparation of a nonwoven material according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an EDS element distribution diagram of a nonwoven fabric material prepared in example 3 of the present invention, the presence of elements N, O and Br indicating that the 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide pyridinium salt monomer has been grafted to the surface of the nonwoven fabric material.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative, and is not to be construed as limiting the invention.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of making a nonwoven material, the method comprising:
(1) adding a pyridinium monomer into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the molar concentration of the pyridinium monomer is 0.5-1.0 mol/L so as to obtain a solution A;
(2) adding a photoinitiator into the solution A to ensure that the mass percentage concentration of the photoinitiator is 0.1-0.5% so as to obtain a solution B;
(3) adding non-woven fabrics into the solution B, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the mass ratio of the non-woven fabrics to the solution B is 1: 20-1: 100 so as to obtain a mixture C;
(4) filling nitrogen into the mixture C, bubbling for 10min, sealing, and starting an ultraviolet lamp in a constant-temperature water bath to perform irradiation grafting reaction; and
(5) and washing the product after the irradiation grafting reaction with acetone, extracting for 24 hours, and drying at the temperature of below 60 ℃ to obtain the non-woven fabric material.
Therefore, the non-woven fabric material with both filtering performance and antibacterial and mildewproof performance can be prepared by adopting the method for preparing the non-woven fabric material provided by the embodiment of the invention, the preparation method is simple and easy to implement, and pyridinium can be effectively grafted on the surface of the non-woven fabric, so that the non-woven fabric has good antibacterial and mildewproof performance, and the application range of the non-woven fabric is expanded. Therefore, the non-woven fabric product prepared by the method can be used for an air filter in an automobile and an air filter in a fuel cell system, so that the quality of air in the automobile can be effectively improved, and the service life of the fuel cell can be effectively prolonged.
The method of preparing the nonwoven material according to the above embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
(1) Firstly, adding a pyridinium monomer into deionized water and uniformly stirring to ensure that the molar concentration of the pyridinium monomer is 0.5-1.0 mol/L so as to obtain a solution A. Thereby preparing a pyridinium salt monomer solution.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pyridinium salt monomer may be at least one selected from the group consisting of 4-vinylpyridine-alkylammonium bromide, 4-vinylpyridine-alkoxyammonium bromide, 4-vinylpyridine-alkylammonium bromide having an aromatic ring and 4-vinylpyridine-alkoxyammonium bromide having an aromatic ring. Thus, the pyridinium monomer can be effectively grafted to the surface of the nonwoven fabric. In addition, the inventor finds that the adoption of the plurality of pyridinium monomers can obviously improve the grafting rate and further can endow the non-woven fabric with stronger antibacterial and mildewproof performance.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the above pyridinium salt monomer is preferably 4-vinylpyridine-alkylammonium bromide, and 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide is most preferable among the 4-vinylpyridine-alkylammonium bromides. Because, the inventors found that by grafting the nonwoven fabric using 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide as the pyridinium monomer, it was possible to judge that the filtration performance of the nonwoven fabric was hardly affected from the change in air permeability and filtration efficiency. In addition, 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide is used as a pyridinium monomer to graft the non-woven fabric, and antibacterial performance evaluation is performed on the non-woven fabric, so that evaluation results of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus are good, and the antibacterial effect is shown. The antibacterial and mildewproof grade can reach 0 grade by testing, which shows that the mildewproof effect is good. Therefore, the inventor thinks that the best selection is made by adopting 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide as the pyridinium monomer aiming at the non-woven fabric material, and the non-woven fabric material can not only exert respective performance, but also not influence the performance of the other part, thereby further improving the filterability and the mildew-proof antibacterial performance of the prepared non-woven fabric material to the maximum extent.
The molar concentration of the pyridinium monomer in the solution A prepared as described above is 0.5mol/L to 1.0 mol/L. Therefore, the method can ensure that the concentration of the pyridinium monomer is enough to improve the grafting rate, and further obtain enough mildew-proof antibacterial performance, and in addition, the concentration is not easy to be too high, so that the filtering performance of the non-woven fabric is prevented from being influenced by grafting too much pyridinium monomer. Specifically, the molar concentration of the pyridinium salt monomer in the solution A can be 0.5mol/L, 0.6mol/L, 0.7mol/L, 0.8mol/L, 0.9mol/L or 1.0 mol/L. And then the non-woven fabric material with good filtering property, antibacterial property and mildew resistance can be prepared.
(2) Secondly, adding a photoinitiator into the solution A to ensure that the mass percentage concentration of the photoinitiator is 0.1-0.5% so as to obtain a solution B.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the photoinitiator is Esacure TZT. The inventor finds that the grafting efficiency and the grafting rate of the pyridinium monomer can be obviously improved by adopting the photoinitiator Esacure TZT. In addition, the inventors have found that the grafting of the above 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide onto the surface of the nonwoven fabric using a photoinitiator Esacure TZT is most effective. Therefore, in order to effectively graft a pyridinium monomer with antibacterial activity on the non-woven fabric, the inventor optimizes the combination of the photoinitiator Escapure TZT and 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide, and further ensures that the pyridinium monomer can be effectively grafted on the surface of the non-woven fabric.
In addition, in the solution B containing the pyridinium monomer and the photoinitiator, the concentration of the pyridinium monomer and the photoinitiator is 0.5-1.0 mol/L in molar concentration and 0.1-0.5% in mass percentage. Therefore, the grafting efficiency and the grafting rate of the pyridinium monomer can be obviously improved by adopting the concentration ratio. The mass percentage concentration of the photoinitiator is obtained by matching according to the molar concentration of the pyridinium monomer, and the photoinitiator has the most appropriate initiation effect in the solution B, so that the grafting efficiency can be effectively improved. If the initiator concentration is too high, two problems arise:
1. the grafting reaction speed is too high, the grafting reaction is incomplete, the degradation and chain opening of a high molecular chain can be caused, the grafting efficiency is reduced, and the antibacterial effect is influenced;
2. the cost of the initiator is increased, so that the cost of the grafted non-woven fabric is increased, and the product application is not facilitated.
(3) And then adding a non-woven fabric into the solution B containing the pyridinium monomer and the photoinitiator, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the mass ratio of the non-woven fabric to the solution B is 1: 20-1: 100 so as to obtain a mixture C.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the non-woven fabric to the solution B is controlled to be 1: 20-1: 100, so that the moderate ratio of the pyridinium monomer to the non-woven fabric can be ensured, and the prepared non-woven fabric monomer can maintain the filtering performance to the maximum extent and simultaneously increase the effective antibacterial and antiseptic performance. According to a specific example of the present invention, the mass ratio of the non-woven fabric to the solution B may be 1:20, 1:25, 1:30, 1:35, 1:40, 1:45, 1:50, 1:55, 1:60, 1:65, 1:70, 1:75, 1:80, 1:85, 1:90, 1:95, or 1: 100. Therefore, the pyridinium monomer with enough quantity can be grafted on the surface of the non-woven fabric, so that the prepared non-woven fabric monomer has good antibacterial effect and 0-grade mildew resistance grade. In addition, the inventor also finds that in the mixture C, the addition amount of the non-woven fabric is not easy to be too large or too small, because the addition amount is too small, the yield of the grafted non-woven fabric is reduced, the production efficiency and the cost are influenced, a multi-graft network is easy to form on the surface of the non-woven fabric, and the phenomenon of barrier of a penetration step caused by similar long molecular chains is generated, so that the antibacterial performance is reduced; and too large addition can lead to the non-woven fabric not effectively unfolding in the solution, easily produces phenomenon such as lamination shielding, coiling, grafting reaction can not go on in this part of non-woven fabric surface, leads to the antibacterial property to descend to influence product property and the production efficiency of grafting non-woven fabric.
In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the non-woven fabric used may be a polypropylene (PP) non-woven fabric or a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) non-woven fabric. The non-woven fabric material prepared by the non-woven fabric can easily keep the original filtering performance, and further reduces the influence of the grafted pyridinium monomer on the filtering performance. In addition, the inventor finds that the non-woven fabric material prepared by the polypropylene (PP) filter cloth or the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) filter cloth is more suitable for an air filter in an automobile and an air filter in a fuel cell system, and further can effectively improve the quality of air in the automobile and prolong the service life of the fuel cell.
(4) And then, filling nitrogen into the mixture C, bubbling for 10min, sealing, and starting an ultraviolet lamp in a constant-temperature water bath to perform irradiation grafting reaction.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, under the irradiation of an ultraviolet lamp, the photoinitiator in the mixture C enables carbon free radicals to be formed on the surface of the non-woven fabric, and the pyridinium monomer and the carbon free radicals are subjected to a grafting reaction under the irradiation so as to be grafted on the non-woven fabric.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, the inventors have found that when the pyridinium monomer is preferably 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide, the structural formula is
The grafting reaction with the nonwoven fabric is shown in FIG. 1. When 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide is adopted, the inventor finds that the length of a high molecular chain on the pyridinium is moderate, so that the density of an antibacterial group can be improved, the antibacterial performance of a grafted non-woven fabric product is improved, the gas penetration step caused by the high molecular weight long molecular chain can be prevented from being blocked, the high molecular chain is prevented from being broken under the action of high temperature, illumination and oxygen, harmful gases such as acetaldehyde and formaldehyde are formed, and the air quality in the whole vehicle is influenced, therefore, the adopted 4-vinylpyridine-bromo-n-octane with moderate molecular weight is more suitable for being used in vehicle air conditioner filters and fuel cell filters compared with dodecane, hexadecane, octadecane and the like.
According to the specific embodiment of the invention, the inventor further researches the ultraviolet irradiation intensity of the pyridinium monomer grafted on the surface of the non-woven fabric, and finds that the irradiation intensity is 2-4W/m2When the method is used, the grafting efficiency and the grafting rate of the pyridinium monomer are optimal. When the irradiation intensity is too high, the high molecular chains such as bromo-n-octane, dodecane, hexadecane and octadecane are degraded and chain scission occurs, so that harmful gases such as acetaldehyde and formaldehyde are formed, and meanwhile, the density of the antibacterial group is reduced, so that the antibacterial performance of the grafted non-woven fabric product is reduced. In addition, if iodide is used as the pyridinium monomer, when the irradiation intensity is too high, the iodide is decomposed to form iodine, which affects the grafting reaction.
According to the specific embodiment of the present invention, under the irradiation intensity, the reaction temperature of the irradiation grafting reaction is further controlled to be 30 to 60 ℃, specifically 30 ℃, 35 ℃, 40 ℃, 45 ℃, 50 ℃, 55 ℃ or 60 ℃, and the reaction time is 30 to 60min, specifically 30min, 35min, 40min, 45min, 50min, 55min or 60 min. The grafting reaction can be further ensured to be smooth, the optimal grafting effect is achieved, namely the finally obtained non-woven fabric material basically keeps the original filtering performance and effectively increases the antibacterial and anticorrosive performance, and the antibacterial effect is good through testing, and the anticorrosive grade reaches 0 level.
(5) And finally, washing the product after the irradiation grafting reaction by using acetone, extracting for 24 hours, and drying at the temperature of below 60 ℃ so as to obtain the non-woven fabric material.
According to a particular embodiment of the invention, the method for preparing the nonwoven material proposed by the invention is preferably:
(1) adding 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the molar concentration of the 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide is 0.5-1.0 mol/L so as to obtain a solution A;
(2) adding Esacure TZT into the solution A to ensure that the mass percent concentration of the Esacure TZT is 0.1-0.5 percent so as to obtain a solution B;
(3) adding non-woven fabrics into the solution B, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the mass ratio of the non-woven fabrics to the solution B is 1: 20-1: 100 so as to obtain a mixture C;
(4) filling nitrogen into the mixture C, bubbling for 10min, sealing, and starting an ultraviolet lamp in a constant-temperature water bath to perform irradiation grafting reaction, wherein the irradiation intensity is 2-4W/m2The reaction temperature is 30-60 ℃, and the reaction time is 30-60 min; and
(5) and washing the product after the irradiation grafting reaction with acetone, extracting for 24 hours, and drying at the temperature of below 60 ℃ to obtain the non-woven fabric material.
Therefore, by adopting the method, a proper amount of 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide can be effectively grafted on the surface of the non-woven fabric, so that the finally obtained non-woven fabric material basically keeps the original filtering performance and effectively increases the antibacterial and anticorrosive performances, and the antibacterial effect is good through tests, and the anticorrosive grade reaches 0 level.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a nonwoven material prepared by the method of the preceding embodiment, which, according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprises: the pyridine salt monomer layer is formed on the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate through ultraviolet irradiation grafting. The non-woven fabric material basically keeps the original filtering performance, meanwhile, the antibacterial and anticorrosive performance is effectively improved, the antibacterial effect is good through tests, and the anticorrosive grade reaches 0 grade.
According to a further aspect of the invention, the invention further provides the use of the nonwoven material according to the preceding embodiment in a filter, which is a filter for an air conditioner for a vehicle or a filter for a fuel cell. The non-woven fabric material has strong filtering performance and good antibacterial and anticorrosive performance, so that the non-woven fabric material can be used for an air conditioner filter or a fuel cell filter for a vehicle, and the quality of air in the vehicle and the service life of the fuel cell can be obviously improved.
Example 1
The invention provides a grafted pyridinium nonwoven material for an air conditioner filter for a vehicle and a preparation method thereof, which are characterized in that the surface of the nonwoven material for the air conditioner filter is modified by oxidation-reduction grafting, and a grafted pyridinium monomer forms a grafted layer, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding a pyridinium monomer material of 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the molar concentration of the pyridinium monomer is 0.5mol/L, thereby defining the solution A;
(2) adding an Esacure TZT photoinitiator into the solution A to ensure that the mass percent concentration of the photoinitiator is 0.1 percent, and defining the photoinitiator as a solution B;
(3) placing the solution B into the solution B with an area of 100cm2PP non-woven material (gram weight 120 g/m)2) Stirring the mixture until the mass ratio of the non-woven fabric to the solution B is 1:20, and defining the mixture as a mixture C;
(4) charging nitrogen into the mixture C, bubbling for 10min, exhausting air, sealing, and starting an ultraviolet lamp in a constant-temperature water bath to perform irradiation grafting reaction with irradiation intensity of 2W/m2The reaction temperature is 30 ℃, and the reaction time is 60 min;
(5) the grafted non-woven fabric is washed by acetone, then extracted for 24 hours and dried below 60 ℃.
The results of the tests carried out on the nonwoven materials obtained in steps (1) to (5) are as follows: the air permeability of the non-woven fabric material before surface grafting treatment is 3000mm/s, and the PM2.5 filtration efficiency is 80%; after the surface grafting treatment, the air permeability of the non-woven fabric material is 2780mm/s, and the PM2.5 filtration efficiency is 79%. From the change in air permeability and filtration efficiency, it was judged that the nonwoven fabric had little decrease in filtration performance. In addition, the non-woven fabric material for in-vehicle air purification has good antibacterial and mildewproof effects, and is prepared according to GB/T20944.1-2007 evaluation part 1 of antibacterial properties of textiles: the evaluation results of the agar plate diffusion method are good, which shows that the antibacterial effect is achieved; the test is carried out according to the GB/T24346-one 2009 evaluation of the mildew-proof performance of the textile, the mildew-proof grade is 0 grade, and the good mildew-proof effect is shown.
Example 2
The invention provides a grafted pyridinium nonwoven material for an air conditioner filter for a vehicle and a preparation method thereof, which are characterized in that the surface of the nonwoven material for the air conditioner filter is grafted and modified by ultraviolet irradiation, and a grafted pyridinium monomer forms a grafted layer, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding a pyridinium monomer material of 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the molar concentration of the pyridinium monomer is 1.0mol/L, thereby defining the solution A;
(2) adding an Esacure TZT photoinitiator into the solution A to ensure that the mass percent concentration of the photoinitiator is 0.5 percent, and defining the photoinitiator as a solution B;
(3) placing the solution B into the solution B with an area of 100cm2PET non-woven material (gram weight 150 g/m)2) And stirring to ensure that the mass ratio of the non-woven fabric to the solution B is 1:100, defined as mixture C;
(4) charging nitrogen into the mixture C, bubbling for 10min, exhausting air, sealing, and starting an ultraviolet lamp in a constant-temperature water bath to perform irradiation grafting reaction with irradiation intensity of 4W/m2The reaction temperature is 60 ℃, and the reaction time is 30 min;
(5) the grafted non-woven fabric is washed by acetone, then extracted for 24 hours and dried below 60 ℃.
The results of the tests carried out on the nonwoven materials obtained in steps (1) to (5) are as follows: the air permeability of the non-woven fabric material before surface grafting treatment is 2800mm/s, and the PM2.5 filtration efficiency is 85%; after the surface grafting treatment, the air permeability of the non-woven fabric material is 2620mm/s, and the PM2.5 filtration efficiency is 85%. The change in air permeability and filtration efficiency was used to determine that the nonwoven fabric had not degraded filtration performance. In addition, the non-woven fabric material for in-vehicle air purification has good antibacterial and mildewproof effects, and is prepared according to GB/T20944.1-2007 evaluation part 1 of antibacterial properties of textiles: the evaluation results of the agar plate diffusion method are good, which shows that the antibacterial effect is achieved; the test is carried out according to the GB/T24346-one 2009 evaluation of the mildew-proof performance of the textile, the mildew-proof grade is 0 grade, and the good mildew-proof effect is shown.
Example 3
The invention provides a grafted pyridinium nonwoven material for an air conditioner filter for a vehicle and a preparation method thereof, which are characterized in that the surface of the nonwoven material for the air conditioner filter is grafted and modified by ultraviolet irradiation, and a grafted pyridinium monomer forms a grafted layer, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) adding a pyridinium monomer material of 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the molar concentration of the pyridinium monomer is 1.0mol/L, thereby defining the solution A;
(2) adding an Esacure TZT photoinitiator into the solution A to ensure that the mass percent concentration of the photoinitiator is 0.5 percent, and defining the photoinitiator as a solution B;
(3) placing the solution B into the solution B with an area of 100cm2PET non-woven material (gram weight 180 g/m)2) Stirring the mixture until the mass ratio of the non-woven fabric to the solution B is 1:100, and defining the mixture as a mixture C;
(4) charging nitrogen into the mixture C, bubbling for 10min, exhausting air, sealing, and starting an ultraviolet lamp in a constant-temperature water bath to perform irradiation grafting reaction with irradiation intensity of 4W/m2The reaction temperature is 50 ℃, and the reaction time is 30 min;
(5) the grafted non-woven fabric is washed by acetone, then extracted for 24 hours and dried below 60 ℃.
The results of the tests carried out on the nonwoven materials obtained in steps (1) to (5) are as follows: the air permeability of the non-woven fabric material before surface grafting treatment is 2200mm/s, and the PM2.5 filtration efficiency is 88%; after the surface grafting treatment, the air permeability of the non-woven material is 1910mm/s, and the PM2.5 filtration efficiency is 86%. From the change in air permeability and filtration efficiency, it was judged that the nonwoven fabric had little decrease in filtration performance. In addition, the non-woven fabric material for in-vehicle air purification has good antibacterial and mildewproof effects, and is prepared according to GB/T20944.1-2007 evaluation part 1 of antibacterial properties of textiles: the evaluation results of the agar plate diffusion method are good, which shows that the antibacterial effect is achieved; the test is carried out according to the GB/T24346-one 2009 evaluation of the mildew-proof performance of the textile, the mildew-proof grade is 0 grade, and the good mildew-proof effect is shown. The EDS element distribution diagram of the nonwoven material obtained is shown in FIG. 2.
Comparative example 1
A comparative experiment was carried out using the other type of pyridinium monomer, 4-vinylpyridine-octadecylammonium iodide, relative to example 1, and comprising the following steps:
(1) adding a pyridinium salt monomer material of 4-vinylpyridine-octadecyl ammonium iodide into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the molar concentration of the pyridinium salt monomer is 0.5mol/L, thereby defining the solution A;
(2) adding an Esacure TZT photoinitiator into the solution A to ensure that the mass percent concentration of the photoinitiator is 0.1 percent, and defining the photoinitiator as a solution B;
(3) placing the solution B into the solution B with an area of 100cm2PP non-woven material (gram weight 120 g/m)2) Stirring the mixture until the mass ratio of the non-woven fabric to the solution B is 1:20, and defining the mixture as a mixture C;
(4) charging nitrogen into the mixture C, bubbling for 10min, exhausting air, sealing, and starting an ultraviolet lamp in a constant-temperature water bath to perform irradiation grafting reaction with irradiation intensity of 2W/m2The reaction temperature is 30 ℃, and the reaction time is 60 min;
(5) the grafted non-woven fabric is washed by acetone, then extracted for 24 hours and dried below 60 ℃.
The results of the tests carried out on the nonwoven materials obtained in steps (1) to (5) are as follows: the air permeability of the non-woven fabric material of the comparative example before surface grafting treatment is 3000mm/s, and the PM2.5 filtration efficiency is 80 percent; after the surface grafting treatment, the air permeability of the non-woven fabric material is 2720mm/s, and the PM2.5 filtration efficiency is 78%. From the change in air permeability and filtration efficiency, it was judged that the nonwoven fabric had little decrease in filtration performance. In addition, the grafted non-woven fabric material obtained by the process has good antibacterial and mildewproof effects, and is prepared according to GB/T20944.1-2007 evaluation part 1 of antibacterial performance of textiles: when the evaluation results of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus are better when the standard of agar plate diffusion method is tested, the antibacterial effect is shown, but the antibacterial effect is reduced compared with that of the example 1; the test is carried out according to the GB/T24346-one 2009 evaluation of the mildew-proof performance of the textile, the mildew-proof grade is grade 1, which shows that the mildew-proof effect is better, but the effect is reduced compared with the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 2
Comparative tests were carried out with respect to example 1, using other irradiation intensity conditions, comprising the following steps:
(1) adding a pyridinium monomer material of 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the molar concentration of the pyridinium monomer is 0.5mol/L, thereby defining the solution A;
(2) adding an Esacure TZT photoinitiator into the solution A to ensure that the mass percent concentration of the photoinitiator is 0.1 percent, and defining the photoinitiator as a solution B;
(3) placing the solution B into the solution B with an area of 100cm2PP non-woven material (gram weight 120 g/m)2) And stirring them to makeThe mass ratio of the non-woven fabrics to the solution B is 1:20, and the mixture is defined as mixture C;
(4) charging nitrogen into the mixture C, bubbling for 10min, exhausting air, sealing, and starting an ultraviolet lamp in a constant-temperature water bath to perform irradiation grafting reaction with irradiation intensity of 10W/m2The reaction temperature is 30 ℃, and the reaction time is 60 min;
(5) the grafted non-woven fabric is washed by acetone, then extracted for 24 hours and dried below 60 ℃.
The results of the tests carried out on the nonwoven materials obtained in steps (1) to (5) are as follows: the air permeability of the non-woven fabric material of the comparative example before surface grafting treatment is 3000mm/s, and the PM2.5 filtration efficiency is 80 percent; after the surface grafting treatment, the air permeability of the nonwoven material was 2650mm/s, and the PM2.5 filtration efficiency was 78%. From the change in air permeability and filtration efficiency, it was judged that the nonwoven fabric had little decrease in filtration performance. In addition, the grafted non-woven fabric material obtained by the process has good antibacterial and mildewproof effects, and is prepared according to GB/T20944.1-2007 evaluation part 1 of antibacterial performance of textiles: when the evaluation results of escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus are better when the standard of agar plate diffusion method is tested, the antibacterial effect is shown, but the antibacterial effect is reduced compared with that of the example 1; the test is carried out according to the GB/T24346-one 2009 evaluation of the mildew-proof performance of the textile, the mildew-proof grade is grade 1, which shows that the mildew-proof effect is better, but the effect is reduced compared with the embodiment 1.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method of making a nonwoven material, comprising:
(1) adding a pyridinium monomer into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the molar concentration of the pyridinium monomer is 0.5-1.0 mol/L so as to obtain a solution A;
(2) adding a photoinitiator into the solution A to ensure that the mass percentage concentration of the photoinitiator is 0.1-0.5% so as to obtain a solution B;
(3) adding non-woven fabrics into the solution B, and uniformly stirring to ensure that the mass ratio of the non-woven fabrics to the solution B is 1: 20-1: 100 so as to obtain a mixture C;
(4) filling nitrogen into the mixture C, bubbling for 10min, sealing, and starting an ultraviolet lamp in a constant-temperature water bath to perform irradiation grafting reaction; and
(5) and washing the product after the irradiation grafting reaction with acetone, extracting for 24 hours, and drying at the temperature of below 60 ℃ to obtain the non-woven fabric material.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the pyridinium salt monomer is at least one selected from the group consisting of 4-vinylpyridine-alkylammonium bromide, 4-vinylpyridine-alkoxyammonium bromide, 4-vinylpyridine-alkylammonium bromide containing an aromatic ring and 4-vinylpyridine-alkoxyammonium bromide containing an aromatic ring.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the 4-vinylpyridine-alkylammonium bromide is 4-vinylpyridine-octylammonium bromide.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the photoinitiator is Esacure TZT.
5. The method according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the nonwoven fabric is a PP nonwoven fabric or a PET nonwoven fabric.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the irradiation intensity of the irradiation grafting reaction is 2-4W/m2。
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the reaction temperature of the irradiation grafting reaction is 30-60 ℃ and the reaction time is 30-60 min.
8. A nonwoven material made by the process of any of claims 1-7, comprising: the pyridine salt monomer layer is formed on the surface of the non-woven fabric substrate through ultraviolet irradiation grafting.
9. Use of the nonwoven fabric material according to claim 8 in a filter, which is a filter for an air conditioner for a vehicle or a filter for a fuel cell.
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| CN1986614A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2007-06-27 | 清华大学 | Process of optically grafting long fatty carbon chain pyridine salt to the surface of polymer |
| CN109577000A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-05 | 中广核达胜加速器技术有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and antibacterial fabric of quaternary ammonium salt-modified antibacterial fabric |
| CN110665374A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-01-10 | 深圳安吉尔饮水产业集团有限公司 | Preparation method of quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial material and antibacterial material prepared by preparation method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1986614A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2007-06-27 | 清华大学 | Process of optically grafting long fatty carbon chain pyridine salt to the surface of polymer |
| CN109577000A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-05 | 中广核达胜加速器技术有限公司 | A kind of preparation method and antibacterial fabric of quaternary ammonium salt-modified antibacterial fabric |
| CN110665374A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-01-10 | 深圳安吉尔饮水产业集团有限公司 | Preparation method of quaternary ammonium salt antibacterial material and antibacterial material prepared by preparation method |
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