CN111516718B - Emergency compartment environment control method, control system and control equipment - Google Patents

Emergency compartment environment control method, control system and control equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111516718B
CN111516718B CN202010362403.6A CN202010362403A CN111516718B CN 111516718 B CN111516718 B CN 111516718B CN 202010362403 A CN202010362403 A CN 202010362403A CN 111516718 B CN111516718 B CN 111516718B
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vehicle
carbon dioxide
phase change
dehumidification
time
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CN111516718A (en
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王宏宇
吕艳宗
韩冰
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CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co Ltd
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CRRC Qingdao Sifang Rolling Stock Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/22—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
    • F24F13/222—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate for evacuating condensate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0017—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice
    • F24F5/0021—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using cold storage bodies, e.g. ice using phase change material [PCM] for storage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
    • F25B21/02—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects using Peltier effect; using Nernst-Ettinghausen effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F2003/144—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by dehumidification only
    • F24F2003/1446—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by dehumidification only by condensing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/10—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/20—Humidity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
    • F24F2110/65—Concentration of specific substances or contaminants
    • F24F2110/70—Carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/50—Air quality properties
    • F24F2110/65—Concentration of specific substances or contaminants
    • F24F2110/76—Oxygen
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an emergency carriage environment control method, a control system and control equipment, wherein the control method is realized based on a ventilation device, a phase change cold accumulation device, a carbon dioxide absorption device, an oxygen generation device and an in-vehicle dehumidification device, and the control method comprises the following steps: when the vehicle breaks down, the ventilation device starts an emergency mode to collect the phase change temperature T of the phase change cold accumulation device0And the air temperature T passing through the phase change cold storage device1When T is0≤T1The phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold energy, and simultaneously, the carbon dioxide absorption device, the oxygen generation device and the in-vehicle dehumidification device are opened to adjust the humiture, the carbon dioxide concentration and the oxygen concentration in the carriage, so that the environment in the carriage can maintain a normal comfortable environment, and the technical problem that the environment in the carriage reaches the range which can not be borne by passengers due to vehicle faults in the prior art is solved.

Description

Emergency compartment environment control method, control system and control equipment
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle control, and particularly relates to an emergency compartment environment control method, a control system and control equipment.
Background
With the rapid development of rail transit in China in recent years, particularly, high-speed trains become new Chinese name cards, and the motor train units with the republic numbers, which are completely nationwide, are put into use in batches, so that convenience is brought to people, and meanwhile, higher requirements on the operation reliability, comfort and the like of rail transit vehicles are provided.
The car environmental control device directly influences the comfort of passengers in the car. At present, a compartment environmental control device of a motor train unit mainly comprises an air conditioning unit, a waste exhaust fan and the like. However, in an emergency situation such as power failure of the motor train unit, the air conditioning unit cannot cool, the vehicle generally provides short-time emergency ventilation (the train is provided with a storage battery to provide power for the ventilation unit), and the air use in the carriage is guaranteed by using a full fresh air mode, but the temperature and the humidity in the train are greatly influenced by the ambient temperature outside the train and cannot be controlled. Once the duration is long, the temperature in the vehicle can rise rapidly for a short time (especially in the case of high temperature in summer) due to the lack of refrigeration measures, and the passengers in the vehicle cannot tolerate the temperature. Meanwhile, when no fresh air exists or the fresh air volume is small, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the carriage can be increased, the oxygen content of air is reduced, the unacceptable range of passengers can be reached, and adverse reactions such as air tightness and dizziness are caused.
Therefore, when the vehicle loses power, a certain control method or system is adopted, the condition that the temperature, the humidity, the oxygen concentration, the carbon dioxide concentration and other environments in the carriage can be continuously ensured to be acceptable by a human body within a certain time is very necessary, and the method has high practical application significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an emergency carriage environment control method, a control system and a control device, which aim to solve the technical problem that the environment in a carriage reaches the range which cannot be borne by passengers due to vehicle faults in the prior art.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a compartment environmental control method for emergency is realized based on a ventilation device, a phase change cold accumulation device, a carbon dioxide absorption device, an oxygen generation device and an in-vehicle dehumidification device, and comprises the following steps: when the vehicle has a fault, the ventilation device starts an emergency mode,
phase change temperature T of phase change cold accumulation device0And the air temperature T passing through the phase change cold storage device1And determining T0And T1The size of (2):
when T is0>T1The phase change cold accumulation device keeps a cold accumulation state;
when T is0≤T1The phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold energy and controls the carbon dioxide absorption device, the oxygen generation device and the dehumidification device in the vehicle to be started;
when the vehicle fault is relieved, the ventilation device is restored to the original working state;
when the vehicle fault is relieved or a first preset condition is reached, the carbon dioxide absorption device stops running;
when the vehicle fault is relieved or a second preset condition is reached, the oxygen generation device stops running;
and when the vehicle fault is relieved or a third preset condition is reached, the operation of the dehumidification device in the vehicle is stopped.
Preferably, the first preset condition includes: when the phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold energy, the carbon dioxide absorption device is started and starts to time t1When t is1Reaching the preset carbon dioxide absorption time t10When the carbon dioxide absorption device is started, the carbon dioxide absorption device stops running;
the second preset condition includes: when the phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold energy, the oxygen generation device is started and starts to time t2When t is2Reach the preset oxygen generation time t20When the oxygen generating device is started, the oxygen generating device stops running;
the third preset condition includes: when the phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold energy, the dehumidification device in the vehicle is started and starts to time t3When t is3Achieve the preset inside of the vehicleWet time t30And when the vehicle is in a normal state, the dehumidification device in the vehicle stops running.
Preferably, when the carbon dioxide absorption device is opened for a time t1Less than a predetermined carbon dioxide absorption time t10The method comprises the following steps:
real-time acquisition of carbon dioxide concentration A in carriagetJudging the carbon dioxide concentration A in the carriagetWith a predetermined carbon dioxide concentration A0The size of (d);
when A is0﹤AtAdjusting the carbon dioxide absorption device to increase the absorption amount of the carbon dioxide;
when A is0≧AtAnd adjusting the carbon dioxide absorption device to maintain or reduce the absorption amount of the carbon dioxide.
Preferably, when the oxygen generating device is opened for a time t2When being less than the preset oxygen generation time:
real-time acquisition of oxygen concentration B in carriagetJudging the oxygen concentration B in the carriagetWith a predetermined oxygen concentration B0The size of (d);
when B is present0>BtAdjusting the oxygen generating device to increase the oxygen generating amount;
when B is present0≤BtAnd adjusting the oxygen generation device to maintain or reduce the oxygen generation amount.
Preferably, the time t when the dehumidifying device in the vehicle is turned on3When the dehumidification time in the vehicle is less than the preset dehumidification time in the vehicle:
humidity C in collection carriagetJudging the humidity C in the carriagetWith a predetermined target value of humidity C0The size of (d);
when C is presentt≧C0+ΔC1When the vehicle is in use, the dehumidification device in the vehicle continues to dehumidify;
when C is presentt﹤C0-ΔC2And when the vehicle is in a normal state, the dehumidification device in the vehicle stops running.
Preferably, a fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device is further arranged on one side of the phase change cold accumulation device, and when the phase change cold accumulation device releases cold and starts to count time, the temperature T of the wall surface of the end section of the phase change cold accumulation device is acquired in real timewtSemiconductor dehumidifying moduleSurface temperature T of cold end facectDew point temperature T at fresh air inletdtSending to the control system and judging TwtAnd TdtThe size of (d);
when T iswt≧TdtThe fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device stops running;
when T iswt<TdtAnd the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device is started, and after the dehumidifying condition is achieved, water vapor in the air is condensed into water at the semiconductor dehumidifying device and separated out.
Preferably, when the phase change cold accumulation device releases cold and starts to count time as t4The preset fresh air dehumidification time is t5(ii) a Judging t4And t5、TwtAnd TdtThe size of (2):
if t4<t5And Twt≤TdtThe fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device continues to dehumidify;
if t4<t5And Twt>TdtThe fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device stops operating and completes dehumidification;
if t4≥t5And the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device stops running.
Preferably, the dehumidification condition comprises a surface temperature T of a refrigeration end face of the semiconductor dehumidification assemblyct＝Tdt- α, wherein α ≧ 5.
Preferably, the ventilation device comprises a waste discharge machine and an emergency ventilator;
the emergency running time of the waste discharging machine is equal to the power supply time of the vehicle-mounted storage battery and is recorded as t0；
The running time of the emergency ventilator is t7And the time t of cold energy release of the phase change cold accumulation device4Equal;
and t is0>t1≥t4，t0>t2≥t4，t0>t3≥t4And t is4＝t7。
A car environmental control system for emergency, comprising:
a control unit;
a ventilation module;
the phase change cold accumulation module comprises a cold accumulation device tail section wall surface temperature detection unit and a refrigeration unit;
a carbon dioxide absorption module including a carbon dioxide concentration detection unit and a carbon dioxide absorption unit;
the oxygen generation module comprises an oxygen concentration detection unit and an oxygen generation unit;
the system comprises an in-vehicle dehumidification module, a control module and a control module, wherein the in-vehicle dehumidification module comprises an in-vehicle temperature and humidity detection unit and a first dehumidification unit;
the fresh air semiconductor dehumidification module comprises a fresh air inlet temperature and humidity detection unit, a fresh air semiconductor dehumidification device cold end surface temperature detection unit and a second dehumidification unit;
and the ventilation module, the phase change cold accumulation module, the carbon dioxide absorption module, the oxygen generation module, the in-vehicle dehumidification module and the fresh air semiconductor dehumidification module are all electrically connected with the control unit.
The utility model provides a carriage environmental control controlgear for it is emergent, is provided with in the EMUs:
a controller;
the ventilation device comprises an emergency ventilator and a waste exhaust fan and is electrically connected with the controller;
the phase change cold accumulation device is arranged in the air conditioning air duct; the phase change cold accumulation device comprises a cold accumulation and heat exchange module and a fixing frame, and the cold accumulation and heat exchange module is arranged on the fixing frame;
the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device is positioned between the inlet end of the phase change cold storage device and the inlet end of the air conditioning air duct;
the carbon dioxide absorption device comprises a first shell, wherein a purifying chamber is arranged in the first shell, and a carbon dioxide purifying medicine bag is arranged in the purifying chamber; two end faces of the first shell are oppositely and respectively provided with a first air door; when the carbon dioxide absorption device starts to operate, the two first air doors are opened; when the carbon dioxide absorption device stops operating, the two first air doors are closed;
the oxygen generation device comprises a second shell, wherein oxygen generation materials are arranged in the second shell, and two end faces of the second shell are oppositely and respectively provided with a second air door; when the oxygen generating device starts to operate, the two second air doors are opened; when the oxygen generation device stops operating, the two second air doors are closed;
the dehumidification device in the car comprises a semiconductor refrigeration block, a cold end surface energy collector and a water collecting tray, and is used for removing moisture in the car.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention provides an emergency carriage environment control method which is realized based on a ventilation device, a phase change cold accumulation device, a carbon dioxide absorption device, an oxygen generation device and an in-vehicle dehumidification device. When the vehicle breaks down, the ventilation device starts an emergency mode and the phase change temperature T of the phase change cold accumulation device is acquired0And the air temperature T passing through the phase change cold storage device1To determine the working state of the phase change cold storage device. Only when T0≤T1And the phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold energy, and the carbon dioxide absorption device, the oxygen generation device and the in-vehicle dehumidification device are controlled to be started at the moment. However, when the vehicle failure is relieved, the ventilation device is restored to the original working state; when the vehicle fault is relieved or the preset condition is reached, the carbon dioxide absorption device, the oxygen generation device and the in-vehicle dehumidification device stop running. By adopting the control method, when a vehicle has a fault, the emergency control system controls the devices to be started, and the devices are adjusted according to the environment in the carriage, so that the devices control the concentration of carbon dioxide, the concentration of oxygen and the temperature and humidity in the carriage, the environment in the carriage can maintain a normal comfortable environment, and the technical problem that the environment in the carriage reaches the range which cannot be borne by passengers due to the vehicle fault in the prior art is solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a car environment control method for emergency according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method of controlling a carbon dioxide absorption unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of controlling an oxygen plant of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a method for controlling the in-vehicle dehumidifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a control method of the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a control method of the ventilation device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the environmental control system of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the environmental control apparatus of the present invention.
In the above figures: 1. an air duct; 2. a controller; 3. a ventilation device; 4. a phase change cold storage device; 5. a carbon dioxide absorbing device; 6. an oxygen generating device; 7. dehumidification device in the car.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of exemplary embodiments. It should be understood, however, that elements, structures and features of one embodiment may be beneficially incorporated in other embodiments without further recitation.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "first", "second", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present application, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are used in a broad sense, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; either directly or through an intermediary profile. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the application aims at solving the technical problem that the environment in the carriage reaches the range which cannot be borne by passengers due to vehicle faults in the prior art. The general idea is as follows:
the invention provides an emergency carriage environment control method which is realized based on a ventilation device, a phase change cold accumulation device, a carbon dioxide absorption device, an oxygen generation device and an in-vehicle dehumidification device. When the vehicle breaks down, the ventilation device starts an emergency mode and the phase change temperature T of the phase change cold accumulation device is acquired0And the air temperature T passing through the phase change cold storage device1To determine the working state of the phase change cold storage device. Only when T0≤T1And the phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold energy, and the carbon dioxide absorption device, the oxygen generation device and the in-vehicle dehumidification device are controlled to be started at the moment. However, when the vehicle failure is relieved, the ventilation device is restored to the original working state; when the vehicle fault is relieved or the preset condition is reached, the carbon dioxide absorption device, the oxygen generation device and the in-vehicle dehumidification device stop running. By adopting the control method, when a vehicle has a fault, the emergency control system controls the devices to be started, and the devices are adjusted according to the environment in the carriage, so that the carbon dioxide concentration, the oxygen concentration and the temperature and humidity in the carriage are controlled, the normal comfortable environment can be maintained in the environment in the carriage, and the technical problem that the environment in the carriage reaches the range which cannot be borne by passengers due to the vehicle fault in the prior art is solved.
In order to better understand the technical solution, the technical solution will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a control method for emergency vehicle cabin environment control is realized based on a ventilation device, a phase change cold storage device, a carbon dioxide absorption device, an oxygen generation device, and an in-vehicle dehumidification device, and specifically includes the following steps:
when the vehicle has a fault, the ventilation device starts an emergency mode,
collecting phase change cold accumulationPhase transition temperature T of the device0And the air temperature T passing through the phase change cold storage device1And determining T0And T1The size of (2):
when T is0>T1The phase change cold accumulation device keeps a cold accumulation state;
when T is0≤T1The phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold energy and controls the carbon dioxide absorption device, the oxygen generation device and the dehumidification device in the vehicle to be started;
when the vehicle fault is relieved, the ventilation device is restored to the original working state;
when the vehicle fault is relieved or a first preset condition is reached, the carbon dioxide absorption device stops running;
when the vehicle fault is relieved or a second preset condition is reached, the oxygen generation device stops running;
and when the vehicle fault is relieved or a third preset condition is reached, the operation of the dehumidification device in the vehicle is stopped.
By adopting the control method, when a vehicle has a fault, the devices are controlled to be started, and the devices are adjusted according to the environment in the carriage, so that the carbon dioxide concentration, the oxygen concentration and the temperature and humidity in the carriage are controlled, the normal comfortable environment can be maintained in the environment in the carriage, and the technical problem that the environment in the carriage reaches the range which cannot be borne by passengers due to the vehicle fault in the prior art is solved.
Specifically, it should be further understood that the first preset condition includes that when the phase change cold storage device starts to release cold, the carbon dioxide absorption device is turned on and starts to time t1When t is1And when the preset carbon dioxide absorption time is reached, the carbon dioxide absorption device stops running. The second preset condition comprises that when the phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold energy, the oxygen generating device is started and starts to time t2When t is2And when the preset oxygen generation time is reached, the oxygen generation device stops running. The third preset condition comprises that when the phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold, the dehumidification device in the vehicle is started and startedInitial timing t3When t is3And when the preset dehumidification time in the vehicle is reached, the operation of the dehumidification device in the vehicle is stopped. In other words, when the vehicle failure is not resolved, when the above devices reach their preset times, the corresponding devices stop operating. When the vehicle failure is resolved, the operation of each device is stopped even if the device does not reach the preset time. Therefore, the mutual cooperation of the devices can effectively improve the compartment environment when the vehicle breaks down. When the vehicle fault is relieved, the vehicle can exit in time, and the consumption of the vehicle-mounted storage battery is reduced.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 2, when the phase change cold storage device starts to release cold, the carbon dioxide absorption device is turned on and starts to count time t1And in the running process of the carbon dioxide device, the time for repairing the vehicle fault is collected in real time and is sent to the control system, and when the vehicle fault is repaired and does not reach the preset carbon dioxide absorption time, the carbon dioxide absorption device stops running, namely, the running of the carbon dioxide device is not needed.
When the vehicle fault is not repaired and the carbon dioxide absorption device is opened for time t1Less than a predetermined carbon dioxide absorption t10The carbon dioxide concentration A in the carriage is acquired in real time during the timetJudging the carbon dioxide concentration A in the carriagetWith a predetermined carbon dioxide concentration A0The size of (2): when A is0﹤AtAdjusting the carbon dioxide absorption device to increase the absorption amount of the carbon dioxide; when A is0≧AtAdjusting the carbon dioxide absorption device to maintain or reduce the absorption amount of the carbon dioxide; and when the operation is judged until the preset carbon dioxide absorption time is reached, the carbon dioxide absorption device stops operating.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 3, when the phase change cold storage device starts to release cold, the oxygen generator is started and starts to count time t2The time of collecting vehicle fault repair in real time and sending to control system, when the vehicle fault has been repaired and has not reached preset oxygen making time, the oxygen making device stop operation need not the oxygen making device operation this moment promptly.
When the vehicle fault is not repaired and the oxygen generator is opened for a time t2Less than the preset oxygen generation time t20Timely and real-time acquisition of oxygen concentration B in carriagetJudging the oxygen concentration B in the carriagetWith a predetermined oxygen concentration B0The size of (2): when B is present0>BtAdjusting the oxygen generating device to increase the oxygen generating amount; when B is present0≦BtAdjusting the oxygen generating device to maintain or reduce the oxygen generating amount; and stopping the oxygen generation absorption device until the preset oxygen generation time is reached.
More specifically, as shown in fig. 4, when the phase change cold storage device starts to release cold, the dehumidification device in the vehicle is turned on and starts to count time t3And in the running process of the in-vehicle dehumidifying device, the time for repairing the vehicle fault is collected in real time and is sent to the control system, and when the vehicle fault is repaired and does not reach the preset dehumidifying time, the in-vehicle dehumidifying device stops running, namely the in-vehicle dehumidifying device is not needed to run at the moment.
When the vehicle fault is not repaired and the dehumidification device in the vehicle is started for time t3Less than a preset dehumidification time t in the vehicle30Timely and real-time acquisition of humidity C in carriagetJudging the humidity C in the carriagetWith a predetermined target value of humidity C0The size of (d);
when C is presentt≧C0+ΔC1At the same time, the dehumidification of the dehumidification device in the vehicle is continued, wherein Δ C1Not less than 0% and Δ C1Preferably 0%; when C is presentt﹤C0-ΔC2At the same time, the operation of the dehumidification device in the vehicle is stopped, wherein Δ C2>0% and Δ C2Preferably 25%.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 5, a fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device is arranged on one side of the phase change cold accumulation device, and when the air conditioning system of the rail vehicle breaks down and the phase change cold accumulation device releases cold and starts to count, the wall temperature T of the tail section of the phase change cold accumulation device is collected in real timewtSurface temperature T of refrigerating end face of semiconductor dehumidifying componentctDew point temperature T at fresh air inletdtSending to the control system and judging TwtAnd TdtThe size of (d);
when T iswt≧TdtThe fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device stops running;
when T iswt<TdtAnd the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device is started, and after the dehumidifying condition is achieved, water vapor in the air is condensed into water at the semiconductor dehumidifying device and separated out.
Further, when the phase change cold accumulation device releases cold and starts to time, t is set4The preset fresh air dehumidification time is t5(ii) a Judging t4And t5、TwtAnd TdtThe size of (2):
if t4<t5And Twt≤TdtThe fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device continues to dehumidify;
if t4<t5And Twt>TdtThe fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device stops operating and completes dehumidification;
if t4≥t5And the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device stops running.
Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the dehumidification condition includes a surface temperature T of the cooling end face of the semiconductor dehumidification assemblyct＝Tdtα, where α ≧ 5, makes it possible to satisfy the requirement of instantaneous dehumidification, i.e. the air can be instantaneously dehumidified when passing through the semiconductor dehumidification device 3, preventing the surface temperature T due to the refrigerated end face of the semiconductor dehumidification modulectAnd dew point temperature TdtThe difference is too small to allow the air to be effectively dehumidified while passing through the dehumidifying apparatus, thereby further enhancing the dehumidifying effect by the above method.
It is further understood that the temperature T of the wall surface of the end section of the phase change cold storage devicewtGreater than dew point temperature TdtWhen the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device is used, the air does not have the condensation phenomenon at the phase change cold storage device, and at the moment, dehumidification is not needed, namely, a power supply switch of the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device is in a closed state, namely, the semiconductor dehumidifying device is in a non-working state. If Twt≤TdtAt the moment, the condition of condensation is met, and the control system adjusts the current flowing to the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device to enable the semiconductor to be in a semi-conductive stateThe surface temperature of the refrigerating end face of the dehumidifying component is adjusted to Tct＝TdtAlpha is more than or equal to 5, the water vapor in the air is condensed into water at the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device, and the humidity in the air is gradually reduced along with the continuous separation of the water vapor in the air, so that the dew point temperature T in the air is reduceddtGradually decreases until the dew point temperature TdtLess than the wall temperature T of the tail section of the phase change cold accumulation devicewt。
Meanwhile, the cold release of the whole phase change cold storage device is quick in the front section time, the temperature of the outer surface is low, air flows through the outer surface and is easy to dewfall, and the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device is required to dehumidify the air; the air is slowly cooled in the later period, the temperature of the outer surface is gradually raised, the air is not easy to dewfall when flowing through the outer surface of the phase change cold accumulation device, and dehumidification is not needed at the moment. According to the actual cold discharge characteristic of the phase change cold storage device, the control system adjusts the preset fresh air dehumidification time t5So that the dehumidification time reaches t5In the process, the wall surface of the tail section of the phase change cold accumulation device reaches a higher temperature, and the condensation condition is not met, so that the dehumidification operation is not needed, namely, the fresh air semiconductor dehumidification device stops operating, and therefore the energy consumption of the whole system can be reduced.
More specifically, wherein the dehumidification time t is preset5The dehumidification time t is preset and the cold release rate is fast and the cold release time is short, which are related to the cold release rate of the phase change cold storage device5It is short and vice versa. However, the cold release rate of the phase change cold accumulation device is related to the wind speed in the wind channel, the greater the wind speed is, the faster the cold release rate is, and at the moment, the preset dehumidification time t is5And correspondingly shortened, and vice versa. Whereby the preset dehumidifying time t can be further precisely set5And the consumption of the DC power supply can be reduced. Specifically, the wind speed V in the air duct is measured by a wind speed sensor, the value of V is transmitted to a control system, and the control system sets the preset dehumidification time t by the following formula5：
t5＝3200-250V,
In the formula, t5Setting the dehumidification time; v is the air channel measured by the wind speed sensorWind speed.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, since the exhaust fan is limited by the power supply of the vehicle-mounted storage battery, the exhaust fan needs to continue to operate for a certain time after being cooled by the phase change cold accumulation device, and the design operation time is equal to t0. Recording the time from the emergency condition of the vehicle to the fault recovery, the vehicle is powered on again or the rescue is completed as t6. Which is the basis for other devices or equipment to stop operating. And the running time of the emergency ventilator is t equal to the time of the cold energy released by the phase change cold accumulation device7And t is7＝t4. In general, t is0>t1≥t4，t0>t2≥t4，t0>t3≥t4Time t6And the emergency device or equipment stops running when the vehicle is recovered from a fault, the vehicle is powered on again or the rescue is finished, and the normal refrigeration running state of the air conditioning unit and the normal power supply state of the exhaust fan are returned in time. When the phase change cold accumulation device reaches the effective cool-off time of design, the emergency ventilator stops running, the exhaust fan continues running after adjustment, and meanwhile, the fresh air dehumidifying device stops running.
For a clearer explanation of the present application, the method principle of the present invention is further explained below by using the embodiments shown in fig. 1 to 6 as examples:
when the vehicle breaks down and other emergency conditions occur, the air conditioning unit cannot normally run, the air conditioning unit stops refrigerating, and meanwhile, an emergency control mode is started.
After the emergency control mode is started, the ventilator and the exhaust fan are started to operate. When passing through the air temperature T of the cold storage device1Lower than the phase-change temperature T of the phase-change energy storage material0In the time, the phase change cold accumulation device can be charged with cold and continuously keep the cold accumulation state. When passing through the air temperature T of the phase change cold accumulation device1Phase change temperature T higher than phase change cold storage device0When the phase change cold accumulation device is used, the phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold energy, absorbs air heat and reduces air temperature. When the phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold, the carbon dioxide absorption device, the oxygen generation device and the in-vehicle dehumidification device are started and timed.
When the above devices do not reach corresponding preset operation time, if the vehicle fault is recovered at the moment, the carbon dioxide absorption device, the oxygen generation device and the in-vehicle dehumidification device stop operating, and the ventilation device recovers to a normal working state. When the heat load in the vehicle changes, the refrigerating capacity of the air conditioning unit in normal operation changes, the air supply temperature also changes, and the cold accumulation device has an adjusting effect on the air supply temperature and reduces the fluctuation range of the air supply temperature.
And if the time required for removing the vehicle fault is longer than the preset running time of each device, stopping running of the carbon dioxide absorption device, the oxygen generation device and the in-vehicle dehumidification device when the corresponding preset running time of each device is reached.
In the operation of each device, can constantly gather the concentration of carbon dioxide concentration, humiture and oxygen in the carriage, when the concentration of carbon dioxide concentration, humiture and oxygen in the carriage is higher than corresponding default, then adjust the absorptive capacity of carbon dioxide absorption device increase carbon dioxide, oxygenerator increase oxygenerator increases the dehumidification dynamics of interior dehydrating unit of car simultaneously. When the concentration of carbon dioxide, humiture and oxygen in the carriage is less than corresponding default, carbon dioxide absorbing device, oxygenerator all maintain or reduce current regulation dynamics, and interior dehydrating unit then stops to operate. By adopting the control method, the carbon dioxide concentration and the oxygen concentration in the carriage and the temperature and humidity in the carriage are maintained in a normal comfortable environment, and the technical problem that the environment in the carriage reaches the range which cannot be borne by passengers due to vehicle faults in the prior art is solved.
Referring to fig. 7, the present invention also provides a block diagram of a car environment control system for emergency, which includes a control unit; a ventilation module; the phase change cold accumulation module comprises a cold accumulation device tail section wall surface temperature detection unit and a refrigeration unit; a carbon dioxide absorption module including a carbon dioxide concentration detection unit and a carbon dioxide absorption unit; the oxygen generation module comprises an oxygen concentration detection unit and an oxygen generation unit; an in-vehicle dehumidification module including an in-vehicle humidity detection unit and a first dehumidification unit; the fresh air semiconductor dehumidification module comprises a fresh air inlet temperature and humidity detection unit, a fresh air semiconductor dehumidification device cold end surface temperature detection unit and a second dehumidification unit; and the ventilation module, the phase change cold accumulation module, the carbon dioxide absorption module, the oxygen generation module, the in-vehicle dehumidification module and the fresh air semiconductor dehumidification module are all electrically connected with the control unit. . Through the control of the control unit to each module, when a vehicle breaks down, the concentration of carbon dioxide, temperature and humidity and oxygen in a compartment can be effectively controlled, meanwhile, the problem that the phase change cold storage module is prone to dewing is solved through controlling the fresh air semiconductor dehumidification module, and the technical problem that the environment in the compartment reaches the range which cannot be borne by passengers due to vehicle faults in the prior art is solved.
Referring to fig. 8, the present invention also provides a car environment control apparatus for emergency, which includes a controller; the ventilation device comprises an emergency ventilator and a waste exhaust fan and is electrically connected with the controller; the phase change cold accumulation device is arranged in the motor vehicle set; the phase change cold accumulation device comprises a cold accumulation and heat exchange module and a fixing frame, and the cold accumulation and heat exchange module is arranged on the fixing frame; the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device is positioned between the inlet end of the phase change cold storage device and the inlet end of the air conditioning air duct; the carbon dioxide absorption device comprises a first shell, wherein a purifying chamber is arranged in the first shell, and a carbon dioxide purifying medicine bag is arranged in the purifying chamber; two end faces of the first shell are oppositely arranged on the first air door; when the carbon dioxide absorption device starts to operate, a first air door is opened; when the carbon dioxide absorption device stops operating, the two first air doors are closed. The oxygen generation device comprises a second shell, oxygen generation materials are arranged in the second shell, and two end faces of the second shell are oppositely arranged on the second air door; when the oxygen generating device starts to operate, the two second air doors are opened; when the oxygen generating device stops operating, the two second air doors are closed. The dehumidification device in the car comprises a semiconductor refrigeration block, a cold end surface energy collector and a water collecting tray, and is used for removing moisture in the car.
Specifically, the ventilator is a fan for providing emergency ventilation in an emergency situation, and is designed to be powered by a vehicle-mounted storage battery, the vehicle-mounted storage battery can be AC380V, DC110V, DC24V and the like, and the ventilator can be an existing fan in an air conditioning unit or an independent emergency fan. The emergency ventilator can be arranged in an air conditioning unit, a carriage air duct or other suitable positions, mainly provides ventilation volume for the phase change cold accumulation device, and is matched with the waste exhaust fan to provide partial fresh air in the carriage. When the existing fan in the air conditioning unit is selected, the fan is restored to a normal working state after the vehicle fault is repaired. When the fan is a single emergency fan, the fan stops running after the vehicle fault is repaired.
A waste air blower is a fan that draws a portion of the air in the cabin and discharges it into the environment outside the cabin. The mounting position and the mounting mode of the exhaust fan matched products of the motor train unit are determined according to different motor train units. The exhaust fan is powered by a vehicle-mounted storage battery in an emergency situation. Aiming at the motor train unit, a power supply in emergency is a vehicle-mounted storage battery which is mainly supplied to an emergency ventilator and a waste exhaust fan for use, so that the ventilation quantity of the phase change cold accumulation device in cold discharge and the emergency ventilation of the phase change cold accumulation device after the cold discharge is finished are ensured.
Recording the continuous power supply time of the vehicle-mounted storage battery for ensuring the operation of the emergency ventilator and the exhaust fan as t0Which is the basis for designing the runtime for other devices or equipment. When the emergency ventilator and the exhaust fan do not operate, the vehicle-mounted storage battery can be continuously supplied to other equipment for use, such as equipment with low power consumption, such as emergency lighting, communication and the like. The emergency ventilator is mainly used for being matched with a phase change cold accumulation device for cold discharge, and the design running time is t7And t is7＝t4。
The phase change cold accumulation device comprises a cold accumulation and heat exchange module, wherein the cold accumulation module comprises a plurality of phase change cold accumulation and heat exchange units with the same structure; the structure of the phase change cold accumulation heat exchange units is matched with the air duct structure of the vehicle, so that the phase change cold accumulation heat exchange units can be uniformly distributed in the air duct of the vehicle. After the temperature of the phase change cold accumulation heat exchange unit is determined, the cold filling and the cold discharging of the phase change cold accumulation heat exchange unit are only related to the temperature of air passing through the phase change cold accumulation heat exchange unit, and other control components are not needed to participate in control. When the temperature of the air passing through the phase change cold accumulation device is lower than the phase change temperature of the phase change cold accumulation heat exchange unit, the phase change cold accumulation device is cold-charged and keeps a cold accumulation state; when the temperature of the air passing through the phase change cold accumulation device is higher than the phase change temperature of the phase change cold accumulation heat exchange unit, the phase change cold accumulation device is cooled to absorb the heat of the air and reduce the temperature of the air; thereby, the air outlet duct is used for exchanging heat with the air in the air duct, so that the temperature of the air flowing out of the air duct is kept unchanged. Simultaneously, set up the mount, place the cold-storage module in a plurality of holding layers of mount, then put into the wind channel of vehicle to this has increased the area of cold-storage heat transfer, more effectual temperature rise speed that delays in the car, has solved the EMUs among the prior art and has lost the electric trouble condition such as time, and the unable normal refrigeration of air conditioning unit leads to the technical problem that the temperature rises fast in the closed carriage from this.
The fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device (not shown in the figure) comprises a power supply switch and a semiconductor dehumidifying component. And the power supply switch and the semiconductor dehumidification assembly are electrically connected with the controller. In the embodiment, the semiconductor dehumidification module is preferably powered by a vehicle-mounted storage battery through direct current, and can be provided with a direct current power supply. The controller controls the working state of the semiconductor dehumidification component by controlling the power supply switch. More specifically, new trend semiconductor dehumidification subassembly includes that new trend semiconductor refrigeration terminal surface and new trend semiconductor heat the terminal surface, and new trend semiconductor refrigeration terminal surface department is provided with cold junction face and gets energy ware and water collection container, water collection container is used for collecting the comdenstion water that forms after the dehumidification. Meanwhile, the device also comprises an air speed sensor, wherein the air speed sensor is arranged at the tail end of the air channel and used for testing the air speed in the air channel and controlling the dehumidification time by testing the air speed in the air channel. The release rate of cold energy in the phase change cold storage device is directly influenced by the wind speed in the wind channel, and the greater the wind speed is, the faster the cold energy in the phase change cold storage device is released; the lower the wind speed, the slower the cold energy in the cold storage device is released, and therefore, the preset dehumidification time t5With the wind speed measured by the wind speed sensorTherefore, the dehumidification time can be accurately adjusted according to specific environments by the structure, the dehumidification effect is better, and meanwhile, the consumption of the direct-current power supply can be reduced.
Through adopting above structure for the air that flows through phase transition cold-storage device department dehumidifies in advance, makes the vapor content in the air reduce promptly, has effectually improved the dewfall phenomenon of phase transition cold-storage device department from this. In particular, the temperature T when the phase change cold storage device is atwtLess than dew point temperature TdtWhen the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifier starts to operate and dehumidify, the water vapor in the air is cooled into water at the semiconductor dehumidifier and removed, so that the dew point temperature T is keptdtDecrease until TwtGreater than TdtTherefore, the condition of quitting dehumidification is achieved, the controller controls the fresh air semiconductor dehumidification device to be closed, and the dehumidification work is finished. Through adopting the structure, the air dew point temperature T at the phase change cold storage device flows throughdtLess than TwtThe air can not dew at the phase change cold accumulation device, thereby solving the technical problem that the surface of the cold accumulation device in the prior art is easy to dew to affect the cold discharge rate and the effect of the cold accumulation device.
The dehumidifying device in the vehicle is a device which can adjust the opening and output load of the dehumidifying device through a controller according to the change of the relative humidity in the carriage, and ensure that the humidity in the carriage is in a comfortable range of a human body. The in-vehicle dehumidifying device can be placed in the vehicle cabin or other suitable positions, and in the embodiment, the in-vehicle dehumidifying device preferably adopts a semiconductor dehumidifying mode. When the semiconductor dehumidification mode is adopted, the semiconductor dehumidification device is preferably provided with a direct-current power supply, can also be powered by a vehicle-mounted storage battery, and mainly comprises a semiconductor refrigeration block, a cold-end surface energy-taking device and a water collecting tray for collecting condensed water. The dehumidification device in the vehicle can also adopt a desiccant mode, the desiccant is preferably a silica gel desiccant, and the silica gel desiccant can generate color change after absorbing water vapor, so that whether the dehumidification device needs to be replaced or not is easy to judge, and the dehumidification device can be dried and regenerated at a certain temperature after being replaced, so that the dehumidification device can be repeatedly used.
The carbon dioxide absorption device comprises a first shell, wherein a purification chamber is arranged in the first shell, and a carbon dioxide purification medicine bag is arranged in the purification chamber; two end faces of the first shell are oppositely arranged on the first air door; when the carbon dioxide absorption device starts to operate, two first air doors are opened; when the carbon dioxide absorption device stops operating, the two first air doors are closed. More specifically, be provided with first concentration detection unit in the air intake department of clean room, when first concentration detection unit detects that the concentration of carbon dioxide is greater than the setting value in the confined space, the control unit control fan starts, and two first air doors are opened, under the priming action of fan for the air gets into the clean room and passes through carbon dioxide purification cartridge bag, and in this process, the carbon dioxide in the air is sufficient to contact with the material in the carbon dioxide purification cartridge bag to it absorbs fixedly, and the gas through the processing is discharged via the fan, supplies the human normal breathing.
Meanwhile, a second concentration detection unit is further arranged at the air outlet of the purification chamber and used for measuring the concentration of carbon dioxide in the purified air, and when the concentration difference of the carbon dioxide before and after purification is smaller than a set difference, the carbon dioxide purification medicine bag is invalid, and the control unit prompts the medicine bag to be replaced. Meanwhile, a power supply is further installed in the first shell and electrically connected with the control unit, and the carbon dioxide purification equipment can realize self power supply by setting the power supply without consuming an external power supply. By adopting the structure, the automatic effective absorption control of the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the closed carriage is realized, and the technical problem that the concentration of the carbon dioxide in the carriage is increased sharply when the power failure occurs in the high-speed train in the prior art is solved.
The oxygen generation device comprises a second shell, wherein oxygen generation materials are arranged in the second shell, and second air doors are oppositely arranged on two end faces of the second shell; when the oxygen generating device starts to operate, the two second air doors are opened; when the oxygen generating device stops operating, the two second air doors are closed. The oxygen generator is a device which adjusts the oxygen supply quantity through a controller according to the change of the oxygen concentration in the carriage, supplies oxygen in the carriage and keeps the oxygen concentration in the carriage in a comfortable range of a human body. If the oxygen is produced by a chemical method, oxygen is obtained by chemical oxygen production agent materials, such as sodium chlorate, potassium superoxide and the like, and the oxygen generating device has the characteristics of small volume, large oxygen storage amount per unit volume, no need of additional power or low power consumption in the using process and the like. The oxygen generating device can be placed in a vehicle cabin, an air duct or other suitable positions. The oxygen generator does not need a power supply and is controlled only by the controller.
The environment-controlled control equipment in the embodiment has a carbon dioxide absorption function, namely carbon dioxide gas continuously generated in the closed carriage is absorbed, so that the rising rate of the concentration of the carbon dioxide gas in the vehicle is effectively delayed, the concentration of the carbon dioxide gas in the vehicle is maintained within a human body acceptable range within a certain time, and the life safety of passengers is guaranteed; meanwhile, the oxygen generation function is realized, so that the breathing requirements of passengers under emergency working conditions can be ensured; and still have refrigeration dehumidification function, when can guaranteeing emergent operating mode, make the humiture in the car maintain in human acceptable within range in the certain time, can also reduce or stop the introduction of new trend simultaneously, effectively slow down the temperature rise speed in carriage. Still adopt a ventilation blower cooperation to realize the function of four functional modules, power consumption is few, limited battery power resource when having practiced thrift emergent operating mode, has solved among the prior art because vehicle failure from this, leads to the environment in the carriage to reach the technical problem of passenger's intolerable scope.
Based on the above, the present application has at least the following technical effects and advantages:
1. when the vehicle is in emergency such as power failure, the control method provided by the invention can provide cold energy, dehumidify, generate oxygen and remove carbon dioxide within a certain time, so that the temperature, the relative humidity, the oxygen concentration and the carbon dioxide concentration of the carriage can be maintained at acceptable levels for human bodies within a certain time, and the riding comfort is improved. Meanwhile, a plurality of temperature and time information are controlled, all devices are matched with each other to work, certain independence and certain relevance are achieved, the method is more suitable for controlling a plurality of environmental parameters in a closed space, and the method is suitable for motor train units of different types and has universal applicability. Therefore, the technical problem that the environment in the carriage reaches the range which cannot be borne by passengers due to vehicle faults in the prior art is solved.
2. In the application, when the phase change cold accumulation device is placed in the air duct, the phase change cold accumulation device only occupies partial space of the air duct in the vehicle, does not occupy other effective spaces in the vehicle or outside the vehicle, has high space utilization rate and does not affect other components; meanwhile, the phase change cold accumulation device does not have a control part to participate in control, does not need an external power supply, has high reliability and saves energy consumption.
3. When the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device is placed in the air duct, the occupied space is small, and other effective spaces in or out of a vehicle are not occupied; the fresh air dehumidifying device timely removes moisture content in fresh air, meets the requirement of instantaneous dehumidification, ensures that the surface of the cold accumulation device does not dewfall, does not influence the cold discharge rate and the cold discharge effect of the cold accumulation device, and does not cause adverse effect on the environment in a vehicle.
4. The carbon dioxide absorption device is simple in structure and control, strong in maintainability, capable of automatically running after being started and high in reliability;
5. the method for adjusting the temperature in the carriage can fully exert the effectiveness of the phase change cold accumulation device within a certain time, and timely return to a fresh air mode when the refrigeration effect is poor, so that the temperature rise rate in the carriage is slowed down to the maximum extent.

Claims (9)

1. A compartment environmental control method for emergency is characterized in that the control method is realized based on a ventilation device, a phase change cold accumulation device, a carbon dioxide absorption device, an oxygen generation device, an in-vehicle dehumidification device and a fresh air semiconductor dehumidification device, the fresh air semiconductor dehumidification device is arranged on one side of the phase change cold accumulation device, and the control method comprises the following steps: when the vehicle has a fault, the ventilation device starts an emergency mode,
phase change temperature T of phase change cold accumulation device0And the air temperature T passing through the phase change cold storage device1And determining T0And T1The size of (2):
when T is0>T1The phase change cold accumulation device keeps a cold accumulation state;
when T is0≤T1The phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold energy and controls the second phase change cold accumulation deviceOpening a carbon oxide absorption device, an oxygen generation device and an in-vehicle dehumidification device;
when the vehicle fault is relieved, the ventilation device is restored to the original working state;
when the vehicle fault is relieved or a first preset condition is reached, the carbon dioxide absorption device stops running;
when the vehicle fault is relieved or a second preset condition is reached, the oxygen generation device stops running;
when the vehicle fault is removed or a third preset condition is reached, the in-vehicle dehumidifying device stops running;
and when the phase change cold accumulation device releases cold and starts to time, the wall surface temperature T of the tail section of the phase change cold accumulation device is collected in real timewtSurface temperature T of refrigerating end face of semiconductor dehumidifying componentctDew point temperature T at fresh air inletdtSending to the control system and judging TwtAnd TdtThe size of (d);
when T iswt≥TdtThe fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device stops running;
when T iswt<TdtThe fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device is started, and after the dehumidifying condition is achieved, water vapor in the air is condensed into water at the semiconductor dehumidifying device and separated out;
wherein the dehumidification condition is the surface temperature T of the refrigeration end face of the semiconductor dehumidification componentct=Tdt- α, wherein α ≧ 5.
2. The car environment control method for emergency according to claim 1,
the first preset condition includes: when the phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold energy, the carbon dioxide absorption device is started and starts to time t1When t is1Reaching the preset carbon dioxide absorption time t10When the carbon dioxide absorption device is started, the carbon dioxide absorption device stops running;
the second preset condition includes: when the phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold energy, the oxygen generation device is started and starts to time t2When t is2Reach the preset oxygen generation time t20When the oxygen generating device is started, the oxygen generating device stops running;
the third preset condition includes: when the phase change cold accumulation device starts to release cold energy, the dehumidification device in the vehicle is started and starts to time t3When t is3Reaching the preset dehumidification time t in the vehicle30And when the vehicle is in a normal state, the dehumidification device in the vehicle stops running.
3. The car environment control method for emergency according to claim 2,
when the carbon dioxide absorption device is opened for a time t1Less than a predetermined carbon dioxide absorption time t10The method comprises the following steps:
real-time acquisition of carbon dioxide concentration A in carriagetJudging the carbon dioxide concentration A in the carriagetWith a predetermined carbon dioxide concentration A0The size of (d);
when A is0﹤AtAdjusting the carbon dioxide absorption device to increase the absorption amount of the carbon dioxide;
when A is0≥AtAnd adjusting the carbon dioxide absorption device to maintain or reduce the absorption amount of the carbon dioxide.
4. The car environmental control method for emergency according to claim 2 or 3,
when the oxygen generation device is opened for time t2When being less than the preset oxygen generation time:
real-time acquisition of oxygen concentration B in carriagetJudging the oxygen concentration B in the carriagetWith a predetermined oxygen concentration B0The size of (d);
when B is present0>BtAdjusting the oxygen generating device to increase the oxygen generating amount;
when B is present0≤BtAnd adjusting the oxygen generation device to maintain or reduce the oxygen generation amount.
5. The car environment control method for emergency according to claim 2,
when the in-vehicle dehumidifying device is turned on for a time t3When the dehumidification time in the vehicle is less than the preset dehumidification time in the vehicle:
humidity C in collection carriagetJudging the humidity C in the carriagetWith a predetermined target value of humidity C0The size of (d);
when C is presentt≥C0+∆C1When the vehicle is in use, the dehumidification device in the vehicle continues to dehumidify;
when C is presentt﹤C0-∆C2And when the vehicle is in a normal state, the dehumidification device in the vehicle stops running.
6. The car environment control method for emergency according to claim 2,
when the phase change cold accumulation device releases cold and starts to time for t4The preset fresh air dehumidification time is t5(ii) a Judging t4And t5、TwtAnd TdtThe size of (2):
if t4<t5And Twt≤TdtThe fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device continues to dehumidify;
if t4<t5And Twt>TdtThe fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device stops operating and completes dehumidification;
if t4≥t5And the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device stops running.
7. The compartment environmental control method for emergency according to claim 2, wherein the ventilation device includes a waste disposer and an emergency ventilator;
the emergency running time of the waste discharging machine is equal to the power supply time of the vehicle-mounted storage battery and is recorded as t0；
The running time of the emergency ventilator is t7And the time t of cold energy release of the phase change cold accumulation device4Equal;
and t is0>t1≥t4，t0>t2≥t4，t0>t3≥t4And t is4=t7。
8. An emergency car environment control system for implementing the emergency car environment control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
a control unit;
a ventilation module;
the phase change cold accumulation module comprises a cold accumulation device tail section wall surface temperature detection unit and a refrigeration unit;
a carbon dioxide absorption module including a carbon dioxide concentration detection unit and a carbon dioxide absorption unit;
the oxygen generation module comprises an oxygen concentration detection unit and an oxygen generation unit;
the system comprises an in-vehicle dehumidification module, a control module and a control module, wherein the in-vehicle dehumidification module comprises an in-vehicle temperature and humidity detection unit and a first dehumidification unit;
the fresh air semiconductor dehumidification module comprises a fresh air inlet temperature and humidity detection unit, a fresh air semiconductor dehumidification device cold end surface temperature detection unit and a second dehumidification unit;
and the ventilation module, the phase change cold accumulation module, the carbon dioxide absorption module, the oxygen generation module, the in-vehicle dehumidification module and the fresh air semiconductor dehumidification module are all electrically connected with the control unit.
9. An emergency car environment control device for implementing the emergency car environment control method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the motor train unit is internally provided with:
a controller;
the ventilation device comprises an emergency ventilator and a waste exhaust fan and is electrically connected with the controller;
the phase change cold accumulation device is arranged in the air conditioning air duct; the phase change cold accumulation device comprises a cold accumulation and heat exchange module and a fixing frame, and the cold accumulation and heat exchange module is arranged on the fixing frame;
the fresh air semiconductor dehumidifying device is positioned between the inlet end of the phase change cold storage device and the inlet end of the air conditioning air duct;
the carbon dioxide absorption device comprises a first shell, wherein a purifying chamber is arranged in the first shell, and a carbon dioxide purifying medicine bag is arranged in the purifying chamber; two end faces of the first shell are oppositely and respectively provided with a first air door; when the carbon dioxide absorption device starts to operate, the two first air doors are opened; when the carbon dioxide absorption device stops operating, the two first air doors are closed;
the oxygen generation device comprises a second shell, wherein oxygen generation materials are arranged in the second shell, and two end faces of the second shell are respectively and oppositely provided with a second air door; when the oxygen generating device starts to operate, the two second air doors are opened; when the oxygen generation device stops operating, the two air doors are closed;
the dehumidification device in the car comprises a semiconductor refrigeration block, a cold end surface energy collector and a water collecting tray, and is used for removing moisture in the car.
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