CN111509269B - But continuous hydrogen power generation device - Google Patents
But continuous hydrogen power generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111509269B CN111509269B CN202010333131.7A CN202010333131A CN111509269B CN 111509269 B CN111509269 B CN 111509269B CN 202010333131 A CN202010333131 A CN 202010333131A CN 111509269 B CN111509269 B CN 111509269B
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 196
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 194
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 194
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 283
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 172
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910012375 magnesium hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N (3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1C=CC(C(O)=O)=C[C@H]1O HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N heavy water Substances [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04201—Reactant storage and supply, e.g. means for feeding, pipes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/065—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants by dissolution of metals or alloys; by dehydriding metallic substances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
- H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen power generation devices, and discloses a continuous hydrogen generation power generation device, which comprises a hydrogen generation system and a fuel cell power supply system, wherein the hydrogen generation system comprises a plurality of mutually independent solid hydrogen storage devices, a water supply unit and a gas transmission unit, the water supply unit can only inject reaction water into one of the solid hydrogen storage devices and discharge the reaction water when the volume of the reaction water in the solid hydrogen storage device is larger than a threshold value or the temperature in the solid hydrogen storage device is larger than the threshold value, when the hydrogen flow in the solid hydrogen storage device is less than the power supply requirement of the fuel cell power supply system, the water supply unit extracts the reaction water in the solid hydrogen storage device, and after the reaction of raw materials in the solid hydrogen storage device is finished, the water supply unit supplies water to the next solid hydrogen storage device according to the power generation requirement of the fuel cell power supply system, the invention can continuously produce hydrogen to achieve the purpose of power generation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a power generation device capable of continuously generating hydrogen.
Background
In recent years, global environmental problems have become more serious, especially in the emission of CO from automobile exhaust2CO, S compounds and the like, not only bring greenhouse effect to the atmosphere, but also cause serious pollution to the atmosphere. New energy automobiles replacing internal combustion engine automobiles are more and more concerned, and particularly hydrogen fuel cell automobiles are notable for zero emission and long endurance.
As one of the methods of storing hydrogen, there is a method of occluding an alloy. Since the occluded alloy system does not require hydrogen storage in a special state such as ultra-high pressure and extremely low temperature, it has excellent characteristics of easy handling and high safety, and also has excellent characteristics of high hydrogen storage amount per unit volume. Chinese patent publication No. 2013800326813 discloses a hydrogen generator using a occluded alloy system, which includes a cylindrical storage chamber for storing a mixed powder of magnesium-based hydride powder containing magnesium hydride as a main component and acid powder, a water storage chamber for storing water, and a fuel cell. A water injection pipe led out from the water storage chamber is inserted into the storage chamber, and water is supplied from the water storage chamber to the storage chamber. When water is supplied to the storage chamber, the magnesium-based hydride powder is hydrolyzed as described in chemical formula (1) to generate hydrogen. The generated hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell, thereby being used for power generation.
The method of generating hydrogen mainly includes the following two principles.
MgH2+2H2O→Mg(OH)2+2H2……(1)
MgH2+H2O→MgO+2H2……(2)。
The prior art hydrogen generating device, which puts metal hydride into the hydrogen generating device at one time and then mixes with liquid reactant (water), has the following problems: 1. the continuous addition of metal hydride and/or liquid reactant to the hydrogen generator during the hydrogen generation process cannot be realized, and the continuity of the solid hydride hydrogen production cannot be realized; 2. the hydrogen generation speed is low, the utilization rate is low, and the reaction time is long; 3. the hydrogen generating device is large in size due to the fact that more solid hydride needs to be contained at one time; 4. the industrialization of the hydrogen production by the solid hydride in the fields of new energy automobiles and industry is not facilitated; 5 the original hydrogen generating system needs a complex control system, and needs to meet multiple requirements of temperature control, pressure control and the like, if the control system reports errors, a large potential safety hazard exists, and the working state of a real-time product is quite unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a power generation device capable of continuously generating hydrogen, and solves the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a power generation device capable of continuously generating hydrogen, comprising a hydrogen generation system, a fuel cell power supply system and a water circulation control system, wherein:
the hydrogen generating system comprises a plurality of mutually independent solid hydrogen storage devices, a water supply unit and a gas transmission unit, the water supply unit can only inject reaction water into one of the solid hydrogen storage devices and discharge the reaction water when the volume of the reaction water in the solid hydrogen storage device is larger than a threshold value or the temperature in the solid hydrogen storage device is larger than the threshold value, when the reaction needs to be stopped, water in the solid hydrogen storage device is emptied, the water quantity and the water temperature in the solid hydrogen storage device are controlled to achieve the purpose of adjusting the rate of generating hydrogen so as to meet the requirements of a fuel cell power supply system, after the reaction of the raw materials in the solid hydrogen storage device is finished, the water supply unit supplies water to the next solid hydrogen storage device according to the power generation requirement of the fuel cell power supply system, the gas transmission unit transmits hydrogen generated by the solid hydrogen storage device to a fuel cell power supply system, and the reacted solid hydrogen storage device can supplement magnesium hydride when other solid hydrogen storage devices react;
the water supply unit comprises a relay water storage device, a water diversion heating device and a main water pipe, wherein the relay water storage device is communicated with the water diversion heating device through the main water pipe; the power generation device also comprises a purification device for the solid hydrogen product; the purification device comprises a condensation device and a condensation water storage device;
the fuel cell power supply system comprises a fuel cell and a DCDC, wherein the fuel cell generates electricity by using hydrogen and converts the electricity into stable voltage to be output through the DCDC;
the water circulation control system comprises a first branch, a second branch, a third branch, a fourth branch, a first electromagnetic valve, a second water pump and a fourth electromagnetic valve, wherein the fourth branch is communicated with water outlet pipes at the bottoms of all the solid hydrogen storage devices, the fourth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe of each solid hydrogen storage device, the bottom of the side surface of each condensation water storage device is communicated with the first branch, the first electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first branch, the first branch is connected with the fourth branch, the second branch is communicated with the relay water storage device, the second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second branch, the third branch is communicated with the water distribution heating device and communicated with the fourth branch, the second water pump is arranged on the third branch, and the second branch is communicated with the third branch.
Furthermore, the water supply unit still include first water pump, third solenoid valve, moisturizing solenoid valve and moisturizing pipe, relay water storage device's top surface have the non-sealing moisturizing mouth, third solenoid valve and first water pump setting on the main water pipe, the moisturizing pipe be provided with many to divide water heating device to communicate with all solid hydrogen storage device respectively through many moisturizing pipes, the moisturizing solenoid valve set up on the moisturizing pipe, divide water heating device include heating device, small-size water tank, heating device set up in small-size water tank.
Further, the gas transmission unit is a gas transmission pipe.
Furthermore, the purification device is arranged on the gas transmission pipe, and the purified hydrogen enters the fuel cell.
Furthermore, the gas transmission pipe is communicated with a condensing device, the condensing device discharges condensed reaction water and hydrogen into a condensation water storage device, a hydrogen discharge port is formed in the upper portion of the condensation water storage device, and a sealing water replenishing port is formed in the top surface of the condensation water storage device.
Furthermore, the fuel cell power supply system further comprises an electric storage battery, the electric storage battery is electrically connected with the power output end of the DCDC, and the electric storage battery is used for storing produced redundant power and serving as a standby power.
Furthermore, the fuel cell power supply system also comprises a hydrogen storage device, the gas pipe is communicated with the hydrogen storage device, and the hydrogen storage device is communicated with the fuel cell.
Furthermore, a filtering device is also communicated between the outlet of the gas pipe and the hydrogen storage device.
Furthermore, the power generation device further comprises a pressure relief protection unit, wherein the pressure relief protection unit comprises a first pressure relief pipe, a second pressure relief pipe, a third pressure relief pipe, a fifth electromagnetic valve, a sixth electromagnetic valve, a seventh electromagnetic valve and one-way valves, the first pressure relief pipe is communicated with all the solid hydrogen storage devices, the one-way valves are arranged on branch pipes of the first pressure relief pipe communicated with the solid hydrogen storage devices, the fifth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first pressure relief pipe, the second pressure relief pipe is communicated with a pipeline connected with the hydrogen storage devices and the fuel cell, the sixth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second pressure relief pipe, the third pressure relief pipe is communicated with the fuel cell and is provided with the seventh electromagnetic valve. .
Furthermore, liquid level sensors are arranged in the condensation water storage device and the relay water storage device, and pressure sensors are arranged on the first pressure relief pipe and in the hydrogen storage device.
Furthermore, a water filtering device is arranged on an outlet which is communicated with the branch pipe in the solid hydrogen storage device.
Furthermore, a temperature sensor is arranged in the solid hydrogen storage device.
Furthermore, the second water pump is a self-suction water supply pump
Furthermore, the power generation device also comprises a control system, and the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve and the seventh electromagnetic valve are electrically connected with the control system; the first water pump and the second water pump are connected with a control system; the one-way valve is mechanical; the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the control system and provides an input signal for the control system so as to judge the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve; the liquid level sensor is electrically connected with the control system and provides input signals for the system so as to judge the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve and the water pump; the gas transmission pipe is provided with a mechanical pressure valve, when the gas pressure reaches 0.1MPa, the mechanical pressure valve is opened and allows hydrogen to pass, and after the control system receives a hydrogen output signal, water is injected into the appointed solid hydrogen storage device by controlling the flow of the first water pump and the second water pump and the one-way valve; after a certain amount of water is injected, the first water pump is closed, the second water pump is opened, the magnesium hydride is flushed by water at fixed periods and intervals to promote the reaction, and after the water amount is consumed, the first water pump is used for supplementing water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the scheme provided by the patent successfully avoids the potential safety hazard of reaction of magnesium hydride and water in the original hydrogen generating device. In the original technical scheme, magnesium hydride and water are in exothermic reaction, and the reaction is more violent as the temperature is higher, so a cooling system is required to be added to control the temperature. If the temperature control fails, the reaction is uncontrollable, the temperature rises rapidly, after the boiling point of water is reached, the water in the hydrogen generating device is evaporated rapidly, the expansion can be more than 1600 times in a short time, the pressure in the cabin rises violently, and the risk of explosion exists; in the solution of this patent, the cooling system can be eliminated, reducing the control logic and power output, i.e. removing the cooling device, avoiding the risk of explosion at the maximum reaction (boiling point of water in the device, theoretical maximum temperature, extreme point of reaction of magnesium hydride with water). Through the rapid water drainage function and a small amount of flowing water participating in the reaction, reactants are isolated, the reaction is effectively controlled, and the power density is far higher than that of the magnesium hydride hydrogen generation reaction at the control temperature, so that the core indexes of the hydrogen generation device, such as volume power density, mass power density, efficiency and the like, are realized.
The scheme that this patent put forward has successfully stopped original hydrogen generating device bulky, and solid hydrogen is filled the difficulty, can not continuous use's problem. In the original technical scheme, quantitative magnesium hydride is put into a reaction cabin and is subjected to continuous reaction through quantitative water injection, so that most of space in the cabin is used for storing water, and the volume density is low. After the reaction of one test is finished, the reaction product in the reaction cabin needs to be cleaned out and then replaced by new raw materials for continuous reaction, which is not beneficial to application in products; in this patent, magnesium hydride can be filled up basically in the reaction chamber, and unnecessary water is directly taken out, does not occupy the space of reaction chamber, the utilization ratio in the space of great increase. After each single cabin is reacted, the next single cabin can be switched at any time, the waste cabin can be replaced in spare time, and multiple cabins can be reacted simultaneously to reach the hydrogen supply quantity required by the fuel cell, so that the use working condition is greatly increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: a hydrogen generation system-1, a solid hydrogen storage device-2, a water supply unit-3, a gas transmission unit-4, a fuel cell power supply system-5, a fuel cell-6, a DCDC-7, a relay water storage device-8, a first water pump-9, a third electromagnetic valve-10, a water replenishing electromagnetic valve-11, a water distribution heating device-12, a main water pipe-13, a water replenishing pipe-14, a heating device-15, a small water tank-16, a purifying device-17, a condensing device-18, a condensed water storage device-19, a sealed water replenishing port-20, a water circulation control system-21, a first branch-22, a second branch-23, a third branch-24, a fourth branch-25, a first electromagnetic valve-26, a second electromagnetic valve-27, a gas transmission device-20, a water circulation control system-21, a first branch-22, a second water pump-28, a fourth electromagnetic valve-29, an electric storage battery-30, a hydrogen storage device-31, a filtering device-32, a pressure relief protection unit-33, a first pressure relief pipe-34, a second pressure relief pipe-35, a third pressure relief pipe-36, a fifth electromagnetic valve-38, a sixth electromagnetic valve-39, a seventh electromagnetic valve-40, a one-way valve-41, a liquid level sensor-42, a pressure sensor-43 and a water filtering device-44.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "both ends", "one end", "the other end", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, such as "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to the drawings, the present invention provides an embodiment: a continuously hydrogen-generable power generation device comprising a hydrogen gas generation system 1 and a fuel cell power supply system 5, wherein:
the hydrogen generation system 1 comprises a plurality of mutually independent solid hydrogen storage devices 2, a water supply unit 3 and a gas transmission unit 4, wherein the water supply unit 3 can only inject reaction water into one of the solid hydrogen storage devices 2 at the same time, discharge the reaction water when the volume of the reaction water in the solid hydrogen storage device 1 is larger than a threshold value or the temperature in the solid hydrogen storage device 1 is larger than the threshold value, discharge the water in the solid hydrogen storage device 2 when the reaction is required to be stopped, control the water quantity and the water temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 2 to achieve the purpose of adjusting the rate of generating the hydrogen so as to meet the requirements of a fuel cell power supply system 5, after the reaction of raw materials in the solid hydrogen storage device 2 is finished, the water supply unit 3 supplies water to the next solid hydrogen storage device 2 according to the power generation requirements of the fuel cell power supply system 5, and the gas transmission unit 4 transmits the hydrogen generated by the solid hydrogen storage device to the fuel cell 6 power supply system, the reacted solid hydrogen storage device 2 can supplement magnesium hydride when other solid hydrogen storage devices 2 react;
the fuel cell power supply system 5 comprises a fuel cell 6 and DCDC7, wherein the fuel cell 6 generates electricity by using hydrogen and converts the electricity into stable voltage output through DCDC 7.
Specifically, the water supply unit 3 includes a relay water storage device 8, a first water pump 9, a third electromagnetic valve 10, a water replenishing electromagnetic valve 11, a water diversion heating device 12, a main water pipe 13 and a water replenishing pipe 14, wherein a non-sealed water replenishing port is formed in the top surface of the relay water storage device 8, the relay water storage device 8 is communicated with the water diversion heating device 12 through the main water pipe 13, the third electromagnetic valve 10 and the first water pump 9 are arranged on the main water pipe 13, the water replenishing pipe 14 is provided with a plurality of water replenishing pipes, the water diversion heating device 12 is respectively communicated with all the solid hydrogen storage devices 2 through the plurality of water replenishing pipes 14, the water replenishing electromagnetic valve 11 is arranged on the water replenishing pipe 14, the water diversion heating device 12 includes a heating device 15 and a small water tank 16, the heating device 15 is arranged in the small water tank 16, and the gas transmission unit 4 is a gas transmission pipe.
The power generation device further comprises a purification device 17 for the solid hydrogen product, the purification device 17 is arranged on the gas pipe 4, purified hydrogen enters the fuel cell 6, the purification device 17 comprises a condensation device 18 and a condensation water storage device 19, the gas pipe is communicated with the condensation device 18, the condensation device 18 discharges condensed reaction water and hydrogen into the condensation water storage device 19, a hydrogen discharge port is formed in the upper portion of the condensation water storage device 19, and a sealed water replenishing port 20 is formed in the top surface of the condensation water storage device 19.
The power generation device also comprises a water circulation control system 21, wherein the water circulation control system 21 comprises a first branch 22, a second branch 23, a third branch 24, a fourth branch 25, a first electromagnetic valve 26, a second electromagnetic valve 27, a second water pump 28 and a fourth electromagnetic valve 29, the fourth branch 25 is communicated with water outlet pipes at the bottoms of all the solid hydrogen storage devices 2, the fourth electromagnetic valve 29 is arranged on the water outlet pipe of each solid hydrogen storage device 2, the bottom of the side surface of the condensed water storage device 19 is communicated with the first branch 22, the first electromagnetic valve 26 is arranged on the first branch 22, the first branch 22 is connected with the fourth branch 25, the second branch 23 is communicated with the relay water storage device 8, the second electromagnetic valve 27 is arranged on the second branch 23, the third branch 24 is communicated with the water division heating device 12 and is communicated with the fourth branch 25, the second water pump 28 is disposed on the third branch 24, and the second branch 23 is communicated with the third branch 24.
The fuel cell power supply system 5 further comprises an electric storage battery 30, the electric storage battery 30 is electrically connected with the power output end of the DCDC7, and the electric storage battery 30 is used for storing produced redundant power and serving as a standby power.
The fuel cell power supply system 5 further comprises a hydrogen storage device 31, the gas pipe 4 is communicated with the hydrogen storage device 31, the hydrogen storage device 31 is communicated with the fuel cell 6, and a filtering device 32 is further communicated between the outlet of the gas pipe 4 and the hydrogen storage device 31.
The power generation device further comprises a pressure relief protection unit 33, wherein the pressure relief protection unit 33 comprises a first pressure relief pipe 34, a second pressure relief pipe 35, a third pressure relief pipe 36, a fifth electromagnetic valve 38, a sixth electromagnetic valve 39, a seventh electromagnetic valve 40 and a one-way valve 41, the first pressure relief pipe 34 is communicated with all the solid hydrogen storage devices 2, the one-way valve 41 is arranged on a branch pipe of the first pressure relief pipe 34 communicated with the solid hydrogen storage devices 2, the fifth electromagnetic valve 38 is arranged on the first pressure relief pipe 34, the second pressure relief pipe 35 is communicated with a pipeline connecting the hydrogen storage device 31 and the fuel cell 6, the sixth electromagnetic valve 39 is arranged on the second pressure relief pipe 35, the third pressure relief pipe 36 is communicated with the fuel cell 6, and the seventh electromagnetic valve 40 is arranged on the third pressure relief pipe 36.
The condensation water storage device 19 and the relay water storage device 8 are both provided with a liquid level sensor 42, and the pressure sensor 43 is arranged on the first pressure relief pipe 34 and in the hydrogen storage device 18.
And a water filtering device 44 is also arranged on an outlet communicated with the branch pipe in the solid hydrogen storage device 2.
And a temperature sensor is arranged in the solid hydrogen storage device 2.
The second water pump 28 is a self-priming water supply pump.
The power generation device also comprises a control system, wherein the first electromagnetic valve 26, the second electromagnetic valve 27, the third electromagnetic valve 10, the fourth electromagnetic valve 29, the fifth electromagnetic valve 38, the sixth electromagnetic valve 39 and the seventh electromagnetic valve 40 are electrically connected with the control system; the first water pump 9 and the second water pump 28 are connected with a control system; the one-way valve 41 is mechanical; the pressure sensor 43 is electrically connected with the control system, and the pressure sensor 43 provides an input signal for the control system so as to judge the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve; the liquid level sensor 42 is electrically connected with the control system, and the liquid level sensor 42 provides an input signal for the system so as to judge the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve and the water pump; the gas transmission pipe 4 is provided with a mechanical pressure valve, when the gas pressure reaches 0.1MPa, the mechanical pressure valve is opened and allows hydrogen to pass, and after the control system receives a hydrogen output signal, water is injected into the specified solid hydrogen storage device 2 by controlling the flow rates of the first water pump 9 and the second water pump 28 and the one-way valve 41; after a certain amount of water is injected, the first water pump 9 is closed, the second water pump 28 is opened, magnesium hydride is flushed with water at regular intervals according to a fixed period to promote the reaction, and after the water amount is consumed, the first water pump 9 is used for supplementing water.
When an external load pulling signal occurs, the control system is started, collects data of the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor 43 and the liquid level sensor 42, judges whether the current solid hydrogen storage device 2 needs to start to operate or not, and if the water quantity in the water tank is insufficient, water needs to be supplemented into the relay water storage device 8;
when the control system determines that the first solid hydrogen storage device 2 needs to be started, the second water pump 28 is started, the first electromagnetic valve 26 and the second electromagnetic valve 27 are started, water is replenished from the condensation water storage device 19 to the relay water storage device 8, and after the water is replenished to a preset water level, the water is stopped. Closing the second water pump 28 and the first electromagnetic valve 26, opening the first water pump 9, the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve 10, opening the heating device 15, and continuously heating the water in the relay water storage device 8 and the water division heating device 12; after the water temperature reaches the preset temperature, starting a program of the first hydrogen fixation storage device 2;
after the control system collects a specific signal of the temperature sensor in the water division heating device 12, the second electromagnetic valve 27 and the heating device 15 are closed, the third electromagnetic valve 10 and the water replenishing electromagnetic valve 11 are opened, water is injected into the solid hydrogen storage device 2, and magnesium oxide starts to react to generate hydrogen. Because the magnesium hydride and the water are in spontaneous heating type reaction, whether the heating device 15 is started or not is determined according to the temperature in the water diversion heating device 12 in the later period.
The generated hydrogen gas is in the solid hydrogen storage device 2 with solid-liquid mixture and has a certain temperature, and can accompany a certain amount of water vapor and water vapor into the gas transmission pipe 4, the gas-liquid mixture flows through the condensing device 18 at the moment, water and hydrogen gas are separated, the generated water is condensed in the water of the condensation water storage device 19, and the hydrogen gas is led to the fuel cell 6 through the upper hydrogen outlet in the device. The amount of water in the condensed water storage device 19 is controlled by the liquid level sensor 42, and whether the second water pump 28 and the first and second electromagnetic valves 26 and 27 need to be opened for water supplement is determined.
After the water amount in the solid hydrogen storage device 2 is tested and calculated for a plurality of times, an accumulated value is generated, and after the fourth electromagnetic valve 29 and the second electromagnetic valve 27 are opened, the accumulated value is pumped to the relay water storage device 8 to reduce the water amount in the solid hydrogen storage device 2. When the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage device 2 exceeds a preset value, water also needs to be pumped out of the solid hydrogen storage device 2 so as to ensure the safety performance of the whole system.
The generated hydrogen gas has a large flow rate and a high flow speed, so that a trace amount of reactants in the solid hydrogen storage device 2 can be easily taken out, and at the moment, the generated hydrogen gas needs to be filtered by the filtering device 32 and then enters the fuel cell 6, so that the service life of the fuel cell 6 is prolonged.
The hydrogen gas will be buffered in the hydrogen storage device 31, and the pressure of the hydrogen gas supplied to the fuel cell 6 will be somewhat relaxed (due to the chemical reaction, and the hydrogen gas flowing through multiple devices, the flow rate in the fuel cell 6 without the hydrogen storage device 31 may be unstable, which is not favorable for the direct reaction of the fuel cell 6). When the flow is large and the system cannot consume all hydrogen, the sixth electromagnetic valve 39 or the seventh electromagnetic valve 40 is opened;
after the system judges that the residual hydrogen flow of the No. 1 solid hydrogen storage device 2 is not enough to maintain the continuous operation of the fuel cell 6, the water replenishing electromagnetic valve 11 is closed, the fourth electromagnetic valve 29, the second electromagnetic valve 27 and the second water pump 28 are opened, water in the No. 1 solid hydrogen storage device 2 is pumped out and placed, and after the No. 1 solid hydrogen storage device 2 automatically reacts the magnesium hydride at the tail end. The period system judges whether to start the next solid hydrogen storage device 2, and repeats the program of the No. 1 solid hydrogen storage device 2, if the battery valve conflicts with the waterway, the program of the next solid hydrogen storage device 2 is given priority;
when pumping water, pumping gas out of the water channel to cause gas storage in the water diversion heating device 12, when supplying water, the pressure is insufficient, quantitative water can not be effectively injected into the solid hydrogen storage device 2, at the moment, the first water pump 9, the third electromagnetic valve 10 and the second electromagnetic valve 27 are started, gas can be discharged into the relay water storage device 8 (the water channel connected with the second electromagnetic valve needs to be at a high position, and water can extrude gas out of the relay water storage device 8)
Except for the relay water storage device 8, the system can be sealed by an electromagnetic valve;
when the system judges that the pressure in the gas path is overhigh, the fifth electromagnetic valve 38 and the sixth electromagnetic valve 39 can be opened to release hydrogen into the atmosphere (low-pressure hydrogen is safely discharged into the atmosphere but can not meet open fire, devices such as a humidifying and cooling device can be arranged at a hydrogen outlet, and the like)
The electric power supplied from the fuel cell 6 and the external load can be adjusted by the storage battery 30, and the electric power can be supplied to the load by the storage battery 30 when the reaction chamber is not started at the initial stage of the system. The storage battery 30 can supply power to the system (a backup battery can be added to prevent the main power supply from being powered off). DCDC7 is a necessary matter for the fuel cell 6 to convert a stable voltage, and is configured in the solid hydrogen power generation device to output a voltage usable by an external load.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (14)
1. A power generation device capable of continuously generating hydrogen is characterized in that: including hydrogen generation system, fuel cell power supply system and water circulation control system, wherein:
the hydrogen generating system comprises a plurality of mutually independent solid hydrogen storage devices, a water supply unit and a gas transmission unit, the water supply unit can only inject reaction water into one of the solid hydrogen storage devices and discharge the reaction water when the volume of the reaction water in the solid hydrogen storage device is larger than a threshold value or the temperature in the solid hydrogen storage device is larger than the threshold value, when the reaction needs to be stopped, water in the solid hydrogen storage device is emptied, the water quantity and the water temperature in the solid hydrogen storage device are controlled to achieve the purpose of adjusting the rate of generating hydrogen so as to meet the requirements of a fuel cell power supply system, after the reaction of the raw materials in the solid hydrogen storage device is finished, the water supply unit supplies water to the next solid hydrogen storage device according to the power generation requirement of the fuel cell power supply system, the gas transmission unit transmits hydrogen generated by the solid hydrogen storage device to a fuel cell power supply system, and the reacted solid hydrogen storage device can supplement magnesium hydride when other solid hydrogen storage devices react;
the water supply unit comprises a relay water storage device, a water diversion heating device and a main water pipe, wherein the relay water storage device is communicated with the water diversion heating device through the main water pipe; the power generation device also comprises a purification device for the solid hydrogen product; the purification device comprises a condensation device and a condensation water storage device;
the fuel cell power supply system comprises a fuel cell and a DCDC, wherein the fuel cell generates electricity by using hydrogen and converts the electricity into stable voltage to be output through the DCDC;
the water circulation control system comprises a first branch, a second branch, a third branch, a fourth branch, a first electromagnetic valve, a second water pump and a fourth electromagnetic valve, wherein the fourth branch is communicated with water outlet pipes at the bottoms of all the solid hydrogen storage devices, the fourth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe of each solid hydrogen storage device, the bottom of the side surface of each condensation water storage device is communicated with the first branch, the first electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first branch, the first branch is connected with the fourth branch, the second branch is communicated with the relay water storage device, the second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second branch, the third branch is communicated with the water distribution heating device and communicated with the fourth branch, the second water pump is arranged on the third branch, and the second branch is communicated with the third branch.
2. A power plant capable of continuously generating hydrogen according to claim 1, wherein: the water supply unit further comprises a first water pump, a third electromagnetic valve, a water replenishing electromagnetic valve and water replenishing pipes, the top surface of the relay water storage device is provided with an unsealed water replenishing port, the third electromagnetic valve and the first water pump are arranged on the main water pipe, the water replenishing pipes are provided with a plurality of water replenishing pipes, a water distribution heating device is communicated with all the solid hydrogen storage devices through the plurality of water replenishing pipes respectively, the water replenishing electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water replenishing pipes, the water distribution heating device comprises a heating device and a small water tank, and the heating device is arranged in the small water tank.
3. A power plant capable of continuously generating hydrogen according to claim 2, wherein: the gas transmission unit is a gas transmission pipe.
4. A power plant capable of continuously generating hydrogen according to claim 3, wherein: the purification device is arranged on the gas transmission pipe, and the purified hydrogen enters the fuel cell.
5. A power plant capable of continuously generating hydrogen according to claim 4, wherein: the gas transmission pipe is communicated with the condensing device, the condensing device discharges condensed reaction water and hydrogen into the condensation water storage device, a hydrogen discharge port is formed in the upper portion of the condensation water storage device, and a sealing water replenishing port is formed in the top surface of the condensation water storage device.
6. A power plant capable of continuously generating hydrogen according to claim 5, wherein: the fuel cell power supply system also comprises an electric storage battery, wherein the electric storage battery is electrically connected with the power output end of the DCDC, and the electric storage battery is used for storing produced redundant power and serving as a standby power.
7. A power plant capable of continuously generating hydrogen according to claim 6, wherein: the fuel cell power supply system also comprises a hydrogen storage device, the gas pipe is communicated with the hydrogen storage device, and the hydrogen storage device is communicated with the fuel cell.
8. A power plant capable of continuously generating hydrogen according to claim 7, wherein: and a filtering device is also communicated between the outlet of the gas pipe and the hydrogen storage device.
9. A power plant capable of continuously generating hydrogen according to claim 8, wherein: the power generation device further comprises a pressure relief protection unit, the pressure relief protection unit comprises a first pressure relief pipe, a second pressure relief pipe, a third pressure relief pipe, a fifth electromagnetic valve, a sixth electromagnetic valve, a seventh electromagnetic valve and one-way valves, the first pressure relief pipe is communicated with all the solid hydrogen storage devices, the one-way valves are arranged on branch pipes of the first pressure relief pipe communicated with the solid hydrogen storage devices, the fifth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first pressure relief pipe, the second pressure relief pipe is communicated with pipelines connected with the hydrogen storage devices and the fuel cell, the sixth electromagnetic valve is arranged on the second pressure relief pipe, the fuel cell is communicated with the third pressure relief pipe, and the seventh electromagnetic valve is arranged on the third pressure relief pipe.
10. A power plant capable of continuously generating hydrogen according to claim 9, wherein: and liquid level sensors are arranged in the condensation water storage device and the relay water storage device, and pressure sensors are arranged on the first pressure relief pipe and in the hydrogen storage device.
11. A power plant capable of continuously generating hydrogen according to claim 10, wherein: and a water filtering device is also arranged on an outlet communicated with the branch pipe in the solid hydrogen storage device.
12. A power plant capable of continuously generating hydrogen according to claim 11, wherein: and a temperature sensor is arranged in the solid hydrogen storage device.
13. A power plant capable of continuously generating hydrogen according to claim 12, wherein: the second water pump is a self-suction water supply pump.
14. A power plant capable of continuously generating hydrogen according to claim 13, wherein: the power generation device also comprises a control system, wherein the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve, the third electromagnetic valve, the fourth electromagnetic valve, the fifth electromagnetic valve, the sixth electromagnetic valve and the seventh electromagnetic valve are electrically connected with the control system; the first water pump and the second water pump are connected with a control system; the one-way valve is mechanical; the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the control system and provides an input signal for the control system so as to judge the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve; the liquid level sensor is electrically connected with the control system and provides input signals for the system so as to judge the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve and the water pump; the gas transmission pipe is provided with a mechanical pressure valve, when the gas pressure reaches 0.1MPa, the mechanical pressure valve is opened and allows hydrogen to pass, and after the control system receives a hydrogen output signal, water is injected into the appointed solid hydrogen storage device by controlling the flow of the first water pump and the second water pump and the one-way valve; after a certain amount of water is injected, the first water pump is closed, the second water pump is opened, the magnesium hydride is flushed by water at fixed periods and intervals to promote the reaction, and after the water amount is consumed, the first water pump is used for supplementing water.
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| CN112249290A (en) * | 2020-09-16 | 2021-01-22 | 艾氢技术(苏州)有限公司 | Underwater power assisting device based on solid hydrogen |
| CN112374457A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-02-19 | 艾氢技术(苏州)有限公司 | Flowing water hydrogen fixation hydrogen generation device |
| CN112290066B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2023-10-13 | 艾氢技术(苏州)有限公司 | Fruit acid aqueous solution hydrogen generation power generation control system based on solid hydrogen |
| CN112366339B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-04-01 | 艾氢技术(苏州)有限公司 | Hydrolytic hydrogen supply type fuel cell power generation system |
| CN113571749B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2024-06-11 | 上海宇集动力系统有限公司 | Fuel cell power generation system based on multiple magnesium hydride hydrogen production devices |
| CN113998669A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2022-02-01 | 艾氢技术(苏州)有限公司 | Novel high-temperature continuous solid block magnesium hydride hydrogen generation device |
| CN114195095B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2024-01-23 | 艾氢技术(苏州)有限公司 | Hydrogen generation control system of high-temperature continuous solid block hydrogen generation device |
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Denomination of invention: A continuous hydrogen generation and power generation device Effective date of registration: 20231026 Granted publication date: 20210914 Pledgee: Bank of Jiangsu Co.,Ltd. Suzhou Branch Pledgor: AIH Technology (Suzhou) Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980062942 |