CN111504663A - Method for measuring longitudinal and smooth relaxation length of tire based on transfer function - Google Patents
Method for measuring longitudinal and smooth relaxation length of tire based on transfer function Download PDFInfo
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- CN111504663A CN111504663A CN202010348007.8A CN202010348007A CN111504663A CN 111504663 A CN111504663 A CN 111504663A CN 202010348007 A CN202010348007 A CN 202010348007A CN 111504663 A CN111504663 A CN 111504663A
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Abstract
A method for measuring the length of longitudinal slip and relaxation of a tire based on a transfer function comprises the steps of mounting a test tire on a proper tire six-component force testing machine, setting tire air pressure, road surface speed, camber angle, slip angle and vertical load required by the test, enabling a test bed to run at a constant speed and posture and driving the tire to roll, generating proper sine wave torque through torque control and inputting the sine wave torque to a tire driving shaft, measuring test data of longitudinal force and slip rate of the tire along with time under the conditions of required load, speed, frequency and the like, and identifying by constructing a transfer function model to obtain the length value of longitudinal slip and relaxation of the tire. The measuring method is reliable, simple in procedure, good in repeatability and high in test efficiency; the longitudinal and smooth relaxation length value is accurately calculated, the stability is good, and the influence of adverse factors of a test is small; the change rule of the longitudinal and smooth relaxation length of the tire under different loads, different speeds and different frequencies can be researched.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tire transient mechanical property evaluation and dynamics modeling, and particularly relates to a method for measuring the longitudinal-sliding relaxation length of a tire by using a transfer function developed by a spindle torque sine test. The tire rolls on a flat belt type six-component force testing machine and longitudinal slip rate is applied or torque loading is carried out to obtain corresponding effective test data, and a longitudinal slip relaxation length calculation method is developed on the basis of a transfer function method to realize calculation evaluation of longitudinal slip relaxation characteristics of the tire under different loads, different speeds and different frequencies and high-precision modeling input of dynamics. The longitudinal and smooth relaxation length calculated based on the torque control mode and the transfer function method is accurate, the test repeatability is good, and particularly the longitudinal and smooth relaxation length under different loads, different speeds and different frequencies can be accurately measured.
Background
When the automobile normally runs on a flat and good road surface, the yaw frequency is generally within 2Hz, and the working state of the tire is close to the steady state. When the automobile executes violent driving actions such as rapid lane changing, turning braking and the like, the yaw working frequency of the tire can reach 2-20 Hz. Because the tire is a highly nonlinear viscoelastic body, force and moment generated by the interaction of the tire and a road surface form certain hysteresis relative to motion input, namely the transient characteristic of the tire. The tire longitudinal slip relaxation length is one of important indexes for evaluating the transient characteristics of the tire. The longitudinal slip and relaxation length of the tire reflects the building capability of the longitudinal force of the tire, different tire design structures, different framework materials and rubber formula characteristics can influence the longitudinal mechanical characteristics of the tire, and different load working conditions and different yaw frequencies can influence the longitudinal mechanical characteristics of the tire. Therefore, the longitudinal slip and relaxation length of the tire is a key index for evaluating the longitudinal mechanical property of a single tire of the tire, and the longitudinal slip properties of the tires of different brands and different design schemes can be quickly and effectively identified and compared and analyzed. In addition, the tire longitudinal slip relaxation length is also one of important input parameters of a tire dynamic model, and if higher overall vehicle dynamic simulation precision is provided, an accurate and reliable tire model is firstly needed, so the tire longitudinal slip relaxation length needs to be measured more accurately.
At present, the longitudinal slip relaxation length obtained by calculating the ratio of the longitudinal slip stiffness of the tire to the longitudinal stiffness of the tire is an approximate calculation method, the longitudinal slip stiffness and the longitudinal static stiffness of the tire need to be respectively tested, the test efficiency is low, and errors exist in the two tests more or less. In addition, the stiffness meter algorithm itself also assumes that the stiffness is equivalent, so the calculation method also has drawbacks. Therefore, the accuracy of the longitudinal and smooth relaxation length of the tire measured by the method is not high enough, and the repeatability cannot be effectively ensured.
In summary, in order to accurately measure the longitudinal slip and slack length of the tire under different loads, different speeds and different frequencies, it is necessary to develop a method for measuring and calculating the longitudinal slip and slack length of the tire, which is fast, convenient, high in accuracy and good in repeatability.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a method for measuring the longitudinal and smooth relaxation length of the tire based on a transfer function developed by a torque sine test, and a reliable and effective test method is designed by adopting a tire driving shaft torque control form.
A method for measuring the longitudinal and smooth relaxation length of a tire based on a transfer function comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of mounting a test tire on a proper tire six-component force testing machine, setting tire air pressure, road surface speed, camber angle, slip angle and vertical load required by the test, enabling a test bed to run at a constant speed and posture and driving the tire to roll, generating proper sine wave torque through torque control and inputting the sine wave torque to a tire driving shaft, measuring test data of tire longitudinal force and slip rate along with time under the conditions of required load, speed, frequency and the like, and identifying extracted key test data through constructing a transfer function model to obtain a tire longitudinal slip relaxation length value. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
mounting a test tire on a proper rim, inflating the tire to a required air pressure, standing the tire in a laboratory environment with temperature control for at least 3 hours to achieve temperature balance between the inside and outside of the tire, and preparing for preloading of the tire in an inflated state;
secondly, mounting the test tire rim on a steel belt type six-component force testing machine with a longitudinal and smooth driving function, setting required tire air pressure, road surface speed, vertical load, camber angle and slip angle, and performing a pre-test on the tire to enable the tire to reach preset temperature balance and eliminate residual stress in the tire;
after the preliminary experiment is finished, adjusting the tire air pressure to the air pressure value and the vertical load required by the experiment again, and setting the camber angle and the slip angle of the tire to be zero degrees;
fourthly, setting the road surface speed required by the test;
fifthly, setting driving shaft torque and sine wave loading frequency required by the test, wherein the torque value can be obtained by approximate calculation according to the test load; the torque sine wave frequency can be given according to actual needs;
continuously acquiring test data of at least three complete cycles in a time sampling mode, wherein the test data comprises time, vertical force, longitudinal force, speed, slip rate, torque and the like;
seventhly, a transfer function is constructed according to the frequency characteristics of the system, namely the extracted key test data can be utilized to calculate and obtain the length value sigma of the tire longitudinal-sliding relaxation under the test conditionsr，
Wherein phi isfxMeans the phase value of the longitudinal force measured by the test, phisrIs the phase value, V, of the longitudinal slip ratio measured by the testxIs road speed, ωsrRefers to the period over which a given longitudinal slip rate is tested.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the measuring method is reliable, simple in procedure, good in repeatability and high in test efficiency.
2. The longitudinal and smooth relaxation length of the invention is accurate in calculation, good in stability and less influenced by adverse factors of tests.
3. Based on the invention, the change rule of the longitudinal and smooth relaxation length of the tire under different loads, different speeds and different frequencies can be researched. By analyzing the longitudinal-slip relaxation length characteristic of the tire, the single-tire longitudinal dynamics performance of the tire can be effectively evaluated, and the rapid judgment of the longitudinal-slip performance of the tires of different brands or different design schemes is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a measurement model of the longitudinal slack length of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graphical representation of a test curve for the length of the longitudinal relaxation of the present invention; (a) a tire torque test curve; (b) a tire slip ratio test curve; (c) tire longitudinal force test curve.
FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of the measurement of the length of the longitudinal slack of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the present embodiment includes the following steps:
mounting a test tire on a proper rim, inflating the tire to a required air pressure, standing the tire in a laboratory environment with temperature control for at least 3 hours to achieve temperature balance between the inside and outside of the tire, and preparing for preloading of the tire in an inflated state;
secondly, mounting the test tire rim on a steel belt type six-component force testing machine with a longitudinal and smooth driving function, setting required tire air pressure, road surface speed, vertical load, camber angle and slip angle, and performing a pre-test on the tire to enable the tire to reach preset temperature balance and eliminate residual stress in the tire;
after the preliminary experiment is finished, adjusting the tire air pressure to the air pressure value and the vertical load required by the experiment again, and setting the camber angle and the slip angle of the tire to be zero degrees;
fourthly, setting the road surface speed required by the test;
fifthly, setting driving shaft torque and sine wave loading frequency required by the test, wherein the torque value can be obtained by approximate calculation according to the test load; the torque sine wave frequency can be given according to actual needs;
continuously acquiring test data of at least three complete cycles in a time sampling mode, wherein the test data comprises time, vertical force, longitudinal force, speed, slip rate, torque and the like;
seventhly, a transfer function is constructed according to the frequency characteristics of the system, namely the extracted key test data can be utilized to calculate and obtain the length value sigma of the tire longitudinal-sliding relaxation under the test conditionsr，
Wherein phi isfxMeans the phase value of the longitudinal force measured by the test, phisrIs the phase value, V, of the longitudinal slip ratio measured by the testxIs road speed, ωsrRefers to the period of the longitudinal slip rate.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the formula for the length of the longitudinal slack
The derivation process of (1) is as follows:
ux: longitudinal deformation of the tire body;
uy: the lateral deformation of the tire body;
V'ox: the speed of the tread relative to the road surface;
Vox: the speed of the carcass relative to the road surface;
kappa': the slip ratio of the tread with respect to the road surface;
kappa: the slip ratio of the carcass relative to the road surface;
Cfk: tire longitudinal and smooth stiffness;
Kx: carcass longitudinal stiffness;
Fx: the longitudinal force to which the tire is subjected;
longitudinal deformation uxCan be defined by the following formula:
the longitudinal force applied to the tire under the condition of small slip ratio can be calculated by the product of longitudinal and smooth rigidity and the slip ratio:
the longitudinal force on the tire body can be calculated by the longitudinal rigidity and the longitudinal deformation:
Fx＝Kx·ux(3)
defined by the length of the longitudinal slack:
the following expression can be obtained by integrating the formulas (1-4):
the small slip ratio can be defined as:
therefore, the temperature of the molten metal is controlled,
both sides are multiplied by CfkThe transformation yields:
therefore, the first order linear transient transfer function model is constructed as follows:
the amplitude-frequency characteristics are as follows:
the phase frequency characteristics are as follows:
during testing, a longitudinal slip test of the driving tire in a torque mode is designed, test data of slip rate and longitudinal force along with time are measured, and slip rate and longitudinal force equations are as follows:
κ(t)＝Asr·sin(ωsr·t+φsr)+κ0(12)
Fx(t)＝Afx·sin(ωfx·t+φfx)+Fx0(13)
the tire longitudinal relaxation length can then be calculated by:
meanwhile, the longitudinal and smooth stiffness of the tire can be calculated by the following formula:
Claims (1)
1. a method for measuring the longitudinal and smooth relaxation length of a tire based on a transfer function is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
mounting a test tire on a proper rim, inflating the tire to a required air pressure, standing the tire in a laboratory environment with temperature control for at least 3 hours to achieve temperature balance between the inside and outside of the tire, and preparing for preloading of the tire in an inflated state;
secondly, mounting the test tire rim on a steel belt type six-component force testing machine with a longitudinal and smooth driving function, setting required tire air pressure, road surface speed, vertical load, camber angle and slip angle, and performing a pre-test on the tire to enable the tire to reach preset temperature balance and eliminate residual stress in the tire;
after the preliminary experiment is finished, adjusting the tire air pressure to the air pressure value and the vertical load required by the experiment again, and setting the camber angle and the slip angle of the tire to be zero degrees;
fourthly, setting the road surface speed required by the test;
fifthly, setting driving shaft torque and sine wave loading frequency required by the test, wherein the torque value can be obtained by approximate calculation according to the test load; the torque sine wave frequency can be given according to actual needs;
continuously acquiring test data of at least three complete cycles in a time sampling mode, wherein the test data comprises time, vertical force, longitudinal force, speed, slip rate, torque and the like;
seventhly, a transfer function is constructed according to the frequency characteristics of the system, namely the extracted key test data can be utilized to calculate and obtain the length value sigma of the tire longitudinal-sliding relaxation under the test conditionsr，
Wherein phi isfxMeans the phase value of the longitudinal force measured by the test, phisrIs the phase value, V, of the longitudinal slip ratio measured by the testxIs road speed, ωsrRefers to the period over which a given longitudinal slip rate is tested.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112414728A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-02-26 | 吉林大学 | Method for measuring lateral relaxation length of tire |
| CN113553656A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-10-26 | 中策橡胶集团有限公司 | Method, equipment and computer readable carrier medium for measuring composite slip characteristic of tire and processing data |
| CN113553658A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-10-26 | 中策橡胶集团有限公司 | Tire longitudinal and slip characteristic measurement and data processing method, device and computer readable carrier medium |
| CN115219246A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-10-21 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Method and device for measuring lateral relaxation length of tire |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112414728A (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-02-26 | 吉林大学 | Method for measuring lateral relaxation length of tire |
| CN112414728B (en) * | 2020-09-27 | 2021-08-31 | 吉林大学 | Method for measuring lateral relaxation length of tire |
| CN113553656A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-10-26 | 中策橡胶集团有限公司 | Method, equipment and computer readable carrier medium for measuring composite slip characteristic of tire and processing data |
| CN113553658A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-10-26 | 中策橡胶集团有限公司 | Tire longitudinal and slip characteristic measurement and data processing method, device and computer readable carrier medium |
| CN113553656B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2023-08-29 | 中策橡胶集团股份有限公司 | Tire composite slip characteristic measurement and data processing method, apparatus and computer readable carrier medium |
| CN113553658B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2024-03-19 | 中策橡胶集团股份有限公司 | Tire longitudinal slip characteristic measurement and data processing method, apparatus and computer readable carrier medium |
| CN115219246A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-10-21 | 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 | Method and device for measuring lateral relaxation length of tire |
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