CN109556891B - Method for measuring lateral relaxation length of tire - Google Patents

Method for measuring lateral relaxation length of tire Download PDF

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CN109556891B
CN109556891B CN201910046488.4A CN201910046488A CN109556891B CN 109556891 B CN109556891 B CN 109556891B CN 201910046488 A CN201910046488 A CN 201910046488A CN 109556891 B CN109556891 B CN 109556891B
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tire
test
flat belt
lateral
slip angle
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卢荡
索艳茹
卢磊
李论
吕满意
刘前进
王伟
马尧
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Jilin University
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    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
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Abstract

A method for measuring the lateral relaxation length of a tyre comprises the steps of installing the tyre on a flat belt type tyre six-component force test bed, adjusting a slip angle and a roll angle to be zero, not applying driving and braking torque, adjusting the flat belt type tyre six-component force test bed to enable the tyre to reach a required vertical load, simulating a road surface application speed to drive the tyre to roll by the test bed, controlling the tyre slip angle after the speed reaches a specified value and is stable, enabling the slip angle to change according to a set period and a triangular wave with an amplitude value to obtain test data of a plurality of periods, and processing the test data and extracting key parameters to obtain the lateral relaxation length of the tyre. The invention has simple operation and reduces the test workload; the influence rule of longitudinal relaxation lengths of different road surface speed sides can be researched; the influence rule of different side deflection angle loading rates on the lateral relaxation length can be researched.

Description

Method for measuring lateral relaxation length of tire
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tire mechanical property tests, and particularly relates to a method for measuring the lateral relaxation length of a tire.
Background
The tire is the only part of vehicle and road surface contact, and the interaction force between tire and the road surface is the root cause of vehicle motion, and the mechanical properties of tire has very important influence to whole car dynamic nature, control stability, ride comfort etc.. The tire mechanical property test is the basis for building a tire model, and the six-component force relation between the motion parameters of the tire and the road surface can be obtained through the tire mechanical property test.
A physical quantity, namely lateral relaxation length, for describing and representing the transient characteristic of a tire is introduced into a tire lateral unsteady state model applied to the lateral dynamic simulation of a finished automobile, the lateral relaxation length of the tire is a key index in the lateral dynamic characteristic of the tire, the magnitude of the lateral relaxation length determines the response speed of six components of the tire, and the lateral relaxation length has very important influence on a finished automobile control system, so that the accurate measurement of the lateral relaxation length is the key for establishing a high-precision tire lateral model and a finished automobile control model.
At present, the lateral relaxation length of the tire is tested by the following three methods: (1) from the lateral slack length concept, it can be derived that the lateral slack length is equal to the ratio of the tire cornering stiffness to the tire lateral stiffness. The tire cornering stiffness can be obtained from a tire steady-state cornering test, namely: the slope of the lateral force curve when the slip angle is zero; the lateral stiffness of a tire can be obtained by testing the tire at rest for lateral displacement: the ratio of tire lateral force to lateral displacement. The method obtains an approximate value of the lateral relaxation length of the tire, because the lateral stiffness of the tire in a static state is not completely the same as the lateral stiffness of the tire in a rolling state, and the influence of the torsion of a tire body on the lateral stiffness is not considered; two tire testing test beds are needed for measuring the lateral relaxation length of the tire by the method, so that the test cost is higher; the method cannot obtain lateral relaxation lengths corresponding to different lateral slip rate loading rates; (2) the slip angle sine variation test of the lateral relaxation length measuring method can generate lateral force input with a slip angle being cosine variation, and the test result is inaccurate because the non-linear input coupling of the tire can not separate the slip influence part; (3) the invention patent application No. 201410809647.9 discloses a method for measuring lateral slack length by simulating the reciprocating motion of a road surface, which inevitably results in a low test speed because the method needs to simulate the reciprocating motion of the road surface in the process of collecting the lateral force of a tire, and the moving speed of the simulated road surface has a great influence on the lateral slack length of the tire, and strictly speaking, the lateral slack length measured by the low speed method cannot be used for high-speed model simulation.
In summary, in order to obtain accurate lateral relaxation length values representing different speeds and different lateral deflection angle loading rates, a tire lateral relaxation length test calculation method which is convenient to implement and can ensure accuracy is required.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical defects, the invention provides a method for measuring the axial relaxation length of the tire, so that the test is simple and reliable, and the test precision is more accurate.
A method for measuring the radial relaxation length of a tire comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of installing a tire on a flat belt type tire six-component force test bed, adjusting a slip angle and a roll angle to be zero, not applying driving and braking torque, adjusting the flat belt type tire six-component force test bed to enable the tire to reach a required vertical load, simulating a road surface application speed by the test bed to drive the tire to roll, controlling the tire slip angle when the speed reaches a specified value and is stable, enabling the slip angle to change according to a set period and a triangular wave with an amplitude value to obtain test data of a plurality of periods, and processing the test data and extracting key parameters to obtain the lateral relaxation length of the tire. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of installing a test tire on a flat belt type six-component tire test bed, adjusting a flat belt type six-component tire inflation system to enable the tire pressure of the tire to be a set value, adjusting a side inclination angle control mechanism of the flat belt type six-component tire test bed to enable the side inclination angle of the tire to be zero, adjusting a side deflection angle control mechanism of the flat belt type six-component tire test bed to enable the side deflection angle of the tire to be zero, and adjusting the tire pressure control mechanism of the flat belt type six-component tire test bed to enable the tire pressure of the tire to reach a specified value.
Adjusting a vertical loading structure of the flat belt type tire six-component force test bed to enable the tire to be pressed on a flat belt road surface, enabling the tire vertical load to reach the load required by the test, and keeping the vertical load stable in the test process;
and thirdly, preheating and rolling the tire to reach the tire testing temperature required by the test, and adjusting the tire pressure to be the tire pressure required by the test. Because the internal temperature of the tire increases after the tire is preheated and rolled, and the tire pressure increases due to the expansion and contraction effect of the gas, the tire pressure of the tire needs to be regulated again after preheating;
and fourthly, controlling a lateral deviation angle control mechanism of the flat belt type tire six-component test bed, and setting the tire lateral deviation angle loading rate and the loading amplitude to enable the tire lateral deviation angle to be loaded according to the set triangular wave. Repeatedly acquiring test data of 3 periods by the slip angle according to a set triangular wave loading mode, wherein the test data at least comprises a tire lateral force, a slip angle loading rate, a vertical load and a simulated road surface moving speed;
fifthly, according to the expression
Figure BDA0001949340520000031
The parameter values of the formula can be obtained through a test result curve, so that the lateral relaxation length l can be obtainedyWherein F isy0The lateral force, V, corresponding to a slip angle of 0rTo simulate the speed of travel of the road surface, KyThe derivative of the lateral force with respect to the slip angle, also called the tire sidewall stiffness, when the slip angle is equal to 0,
Figure BDA0001949340520000032
the slip angle loading rate is when the slip angle equals zero.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention has simple operation and reduces the test workload.
2. The invention can research the influence rule of longitudinal relaxation lengths of different road surface speed sides.
3. The invention can research the influence rule of different side deflection angle loading rates on the lateral relaxation length.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a measurement model according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view representation of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A method for measuring the radial relaxation length of a tire comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of installing a tire on a flat belt type tire six-component force test bed, adjusting a slip angle and a roll angle to be zero, not applying driving and braking torque, adjusting the flat belt type tire six-component force test bed to enable the tire to reach a required vertical load, simulating a road surface application speed by the test bed to drive the tire to roll, controlling the tire slip angle when the speed reaches a specified value and is stable, enabling the slip angle to change according to a set period and a triangular wave with an amplitude value to obtain test data of a plurality of periods, and processing the test data and extracting key parameters to obtain the lateral relaxation length of the tire. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of installing a test tire on a flat belt type six-component tire test bed, adjusting a flat belt type six-component tire inflation system to enable the tire pressure of the tire to be a set value, adjusting a side inclination angle control mechanism of the flat belt type six-component tire test bed to enable the side inclination angle of the tire to be zero, adjusting a side deflection angle control mechanism of the flat belt type six-component tire test bed to enable the side deflection angle of the tire to be zero, and adjusting the tire pressure control mechanism of the flat belt type six-component tire test bed to enable the tire pressure of the tire to reach a specified value.
Adjusting a vertical loading structure of the flat belt type tire six-component force test bed to enable the tire to be pressed on a flat belt road surface, enabling the tire vertical load to reach the load required by the test, and keeping the vertical load stable in the test process;
and thirdly, preheating and rolling the tire to reach the tire testing temperature required by the test, and adjusting the tire pressure to be the tire pressure required by the test. Because the internal temperature of the tire increases after the tire is preheated and rolled, and the tire pressure increases due to the expansion and contraction effect of the gas, the tire pressure of the tire needs to be regulated again after preheating;
and fourthly, controlling a lateral deviation angle control mechanism of the flat belt type tire six-component test bed, and setting the tire lateral deviation angle loading rate and the loading amplitude to enable the tire lateral deviation angle to be loaded according to the set triangular wave. Repeatedly acquiring test data of 3 periods by the slip angle according to a set triangular wave loading mode, wherein the test data at least comprises a tire lateral force, a slip angle loading rate, a vertical load and a simulated road surface moving speed;
fifthly, according to the expression
Figure BDA0001949340520000051
The values of the parameters of the formula can be obtained through a test result curve, andto determine the lateral relaxation length lxWherein F isy0The lateral force, V, corresponding to a slip angle of 0rTo simulate the speed of travel of the road surface, KyThe derivative of the lateral force with respect to the slip angle, also called the tire sidewall stiffness, when the slip angle is equal to 0,
Figure BDA0001949340520000052
the slip angle loading rate is when the slip angle equals zero.
Lateral slack length formula, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2
Figure BDA0001949340520000053
The following is obtained:
u: amount of deformation of carcass
Figure BDA0001949340520000055
Speed of deformation of carcass
Fy: lateral force
K: lateral rigidity of tyre body
C: tread damping
Vsy: lateral slip velocity of tire
Analysis of stress at point a, there are:
Figure BDA0001949340520000054
to FyThe derivation is given as-K · u,
is provided with
Figure BDA0001949340520000061
Then
Figure BDA0001949340520000062
In the tire model, there are
Figure BDA0001949340520000063
Obtaining the tire tread damping coefficient according to the damping force as the damping coefficient and the speed
Figure BDA0001949340520000064
Wherein SyIs the lateral slip ratio of the tire, KyFor cornering stiffness of the tyre, VyFor the lateral slip velocity of the tyre, VrTo simulate the speed of movement of the road.
Substituting equation (3) into equation (1), there are
Figure BDA0001949340520000065
Figure BDA0001949340520000066
Substituting equation (5) into equation (7) has
Figure BDA0001949340520000067
Defined in terms of lateral relaxation length, have
Figure BDA0001949340520000068
Substituting equation (9) into equation (8) has
Figure BDA0001949340520000069
Because of SyWhen α ≈ tan (α) is 0, tan (α) ≈ α, Sy≈-α
Therefore, it is not only easy to use
Figure BDA00019493405200000610
When alpha is 0, there are
Figure BDA00019493405200000611
Wherein: fy0Is the lateral force when alpha is 0,
Figure BDA00019493405200000612
is the derivative of the side force to the side slip angle when alpha is 0, alpha is the tire side slip angle
Is represented by the formula (11) as
Figure BDA0001949340520000071
Wherein:
Figure BDA0001949340520000072
the derivative of tire slip angle with respect to time at zero, also referred to as the load rate at the zero of the slip angle.

Claims (1)

1. A method for measuring the axial relaxation length of a tire is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps that a tire is installed on a flat belt type tire six-component force test bed, the slip angle and the roll angle are adjusted to be zero, driving and braking torque is not applied, the flat belt type tire six-component force test bed is adjusted to enable the tire to reach a required vertical load, the test bed simulates the road surface application speed to drive the tire to roll, when the speed reaches a specified value and is stable, the tire slip angle is controlled, the slip angle is enabled to change in a triangular wave form according to a preset period and amplitude, test data of multiple periods are obtained, and key parameters are processed and extracted from the test data to obtain the lateral relaxation length of the tire; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of firstly, installing a test tire on a flat belt type tire six-component force test bed, adjusting a flat belt type tire six-component force inflation system to enable the tire pressure to be a set value, adjusting a flat belt type tire six-component force test bed side inclination angle control mechanism to enable the side inclination angle of the tire to be zero, adjusting a flat belt type tire six-component force test bed side deviation angle control mechanism to enable the side deviation angle of the tire to be zero, and adjusting the flat belt type tire six-component force test bed tire pressure control mechanism to enable the tire pressure to be a specified value;
adjusting a vertical loading structure of the flat belt type tire six-component force test bed to enable the tire to be pressed on a flat belt road surface, enabling the tire vertical load to reach the load required by the test, and keeping the vertical load stable in the test process;
thirdly, preheating and rolling the tire to reach the tire testing temperature required by the test, and adjusting the tire pressure to be the tire pressure required by the test; because the internal temperature of the tire increases after the tire is preheated and rolled, and the tire pressure increases due to the expansion and contraction effect of the gas, the tire pressure of the tire needs to be regulated again after preheating;
fourthly, controlling a lateral deflection angle control mechanism of the flat belt type tire six-component test bed, and setting a tire lateral deflection angle loading rate and a loading amplitude value to enable the tire lateral deflection angle to be loaded according to a set triangular wave; repeatedly acquiring test data of 3 periods by the slip angle according to a set triangular wave loading mode, wherein the test data at least comprises a tire lateral force, a slip angle loading rate, a vertical load and a simulated road surface moving speed;
fifthly, according to the expression
Figure FDA0002707757880000021
The parameter values of the formula can be obtained through a test result curve, so that the lateral relaxation length l can be obtainedyWherein F isy0The lateral force, V, corresponding to a slip angle of 0rTo simulate the speed of travel of the road surface, KyThe derivative of the lateral force with respect to the slip angle, also called the tire sidewall stiffness, when the slip angle is equal to 0,
Figure FDA0002707757880000022
the slip angle loading rate is when the slip angle equals zero.
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CN111504663B (en) * 2020-04-28 2021-03-23 吉林大学 Method for measuring longitudinal and smooth relaxation length of tire based on transfer function
CN112414728B (en) * 2020-09-27 2021-08-31 吉林大学 Method for measuring lateral relaxation length of tire
CN112179682B (en) * 2020-09-29 2021-08-24 厦门大学 Flat belt type tire six-component force experiment system and measurement method
CN113553657B (en) * 2021-06-17 2023-10-20 中策橡胶集团股份有限公司 Method and apparatus for measuring cornering characteristics of a tyre, and method and apparatus for processing data, and computer-readable carrier medium
CN115219246A (en) * 2022-04-06 2022-10-21 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 Method and device for measuring lateral relaxation length of tire

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