CN111504214B - Optical fiber monitoring method for deformation of large crude oil storage tank body - Google Patents
Optical fiber monitoring method for deformation of large crude oil storage tank body Download PDFInfo
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- CN111504214B CN111504214B CN202010231449.4A CN202010231449A CN111504214B CN 111504214 B CN111504214 B CN 111504214B CN 202010231449 A CN202010231449 A CN 202010231449A CN 111504214 B CN111504214 B CN 111504214B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge using photoelastic elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
- G01B11/165—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge by means of a grating deformed by the object
Abstract
The invention relates to a large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring method, wherein a large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring device comprises a distributed optical fiber strain sensor and an optical fiber grating array strain sensor; the distributed optical fiber strain sensor is arranged on the surface of the storage tank body to be monitored in a spiral surrounding mode, and the optical fiber grating array strain sensor is fixed on the surface of the position where the storage tank body to be monitored deforms; when the distributed optical fiber strain sensor is arranged on the storage tank body in a spiral surrounding mode, the spiral distance is H, and the spiral angle is theta; the spiral distance H is 0.3-0.4 times of the height of each layer of wall plate on the storage tank, wherein theta is arctan (H/D); d is the diameter of the storage tank, and the spiral angle is the included angle between the distributed optical fiber strain sensor and the diameter direction of the base plane of the storage tank. The deformation monitoring of the whole storage tank by using the distributed optical fiber strain sensor is realized, and meanwhile, the local accurate monitoring of the storage tank is realized by using the optical fiber grating array strain sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of storage tank monitoring, in particular to a large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring method.
Background
With the development of the petroleum industry in China, the reserves of crude oil and finished oil are increased, large oil depots and oil tank areas in China are more and more, large crude oil storage tanks are often intensively arranged in large quantities, and once an accident happens, huge personnel and property losses are caused. In the long-term in-service process of storage tank, because reasons such as the lift of liquid level in the jar, ground warp, jar wall corrosion attenuate, strong wind and sunshine, the deformation phenomenon will take place for the storage tank jar body, after the deformation of storage tank reaches the certain degree, probably arouses sealing device's between floating plate and the jar wall inefficacy, causes the floating plate chuck phenomenon to appear, leads to accidents such as the floating plate emergence oil spilling, heavy dish. When the external pressure of the storage tank is greater than the critical load of the tank wall, the tank wall is unstable, the normal use of the storage tank is influenced, the safety of an enterprise is endangered, and serious economic loss is caused. The ultimate manifestation of failure of storage tank wall panels is excessive deformation, cracking and leakage, with excessive stress, strain, etc. being the most direct cause of failure. Therefore, the monitoring of the stress strain of the crude oil storage tank has important significance for the safe operation of the storage warehouse.
Common storage tank wall deformation measurement methods comprise a girth rule method, an optical reference line method, a total station and a GPS method, which belong to single-point measurement, and the deformation situation of the whole body is deduced by acquiring deformation data of few observation points, so that local and overall accurate deformation details cannot be acquired.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring device, system and method, and aims to solve the problem that local and overall accurate deformation details cannot be obtained.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an optical fiber monitoring device for tank body deformation of a large crude oil storage tank, comprising: distributed optical fiber strain sensors and fiber grating array strain sensors;
the distributed optical fiber strain sensor is arranged on the surface of the storage tank body to be monitored in a spiral surrounding mode, and the optical fiber grating array strain sensor is fixed on the surface of the position, deformed, of the storage tank body to be monitored;
when the distributed optical fiber strain sensor is arranged on the storage tank body in a spiral surrounding mode, the spiral distance is H, and the spiral angle is theta;
the spiral distance H is 0.3-0.4 times of the height of each layer of wall plate on the storage tank, wherein,
θ＝arctan(H/D)
d is the storage tank diameter, the helix angle is the contained angle of distributed optical fiber strain sensor and the diameter direction of storage tank basal plane.
Preferably, the tank body is provided with at least one circumferential weld, and the distributed optical fiber strain sensor is further arranged at a position on the surface of the tank body to be monitored, which is away from the circumferential weld at a preset interval.
Preferably, the preset interval is 1 cm.
Preferably, the distributed optical fiber strain sensors are arranged in a linear topological structure, and the optical fiber grating array strain sensors are arranged in a star topological structure.
Preferably, the invention also provides a large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring system, which comprises:
the large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring device, the optical fiber signal demodulation system, the transmission network and the remote visual monitoring platform are adopted;
the distributed optical fiber strain sensor and the optical fiber grating array strain sensor in the large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring device are both connected with the optical fiber signal demodulation system, and the optical fiber signal demodulation system is communicated with the remote visual monitoring platform through the transmission network.
Preferably, the optical fiber signal demodulation system includes:
the distributed fiber analyzer is connected with the distributed fiber strain sensor, and the fiber grating demodulator is connected with the fiber grating array sensor.
Preferably, the monitoring system further comprises a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is arranged on the surface of the storage tank body.
Preferably, the invention also provides a large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring method, which is implemented based on the large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring system, and the monitoring method comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining a deformation position according to the set data of the distributed optical fiber strain sensor, and acquiring the distribution position of the optical fiber grating array strain sensor according to the deformation position;
step 2: calculating according to the data of the distributed optical fiber strain sensor and the optical fiber grating array strain sensor to obtain the strain condition on the storage tank, and calculating the parameters of the whole and local deformation of the storage tank according to the relation between the strain condition and the curvature of the storage tank;
wherein, the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: monitoring the storage tank body through a distributed optical fiber strain sensor, and taking the position of the storage tank body where deformation occurs as a signal source;
s2: and obtaining the distribution position of the fiber grating array strain sensors on the surface of the storage tank body by a particle swarm optimization algorithm according to the number of the signal sources and the positions of the signal sources on the surface of the storage tank body.
Preferably, the step S2 includes:
s21: determining the number of signal sources on the storage tank to be M, wherein N fiber bragg grating array strain sensors are arranged on the surface of the storage tank;
s22: determining the objective function as:
min PAM＝1-PA；
wherein, PAMThe value of (1) is an adaptive value, specifically an average value of the loss probability of the N fiber grating array strain sensors to the M signal sources;
PAthe average value of the detection probability of the N fiber bragg grating array strain sensors to the M signal sources is obtained;
Pjdetecting probability of the jth signal source for the N fiber bragg grating array strain sensors;
Pij＝η*exp(-ηDij)；
eta is a measure of the power decay with distance of the fiber grating array strain sensor, DijThe distance between the ith fiber grating array strain sensor and the jth signal source is calculated;
s23: performing iterative optimization calculation on the minimum value of the adaptive value by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm according to the target function;
s24: stopping iterative optimization calculation when a preset end condition is met; wherein, the ending condition is that the adaptive value is less than 0.01 or the actually measured spectrum peak power of the fiber grating array strain sensor at the arrangement position of the storage tank is less than 70% of the spectrum peak power when the fiber grating array strain sensor is calibrated.
Preferably, in the step 2, the calculating the strain on the storage tank according to the set data of the distributed optical fiber strain sensor and the optical fiber grating array strain sensor specifically includes:
firstly, obtaining continuous circumferential strain of the wall of the storage tank through a distributed optical fiber strain sensor, judging whether the wall of the storage tank is subjected to large deformation or not based on the change condition of the continuous circumferential strain, wherein the large deformation refers to the deformation exceeding a preset value, and finding out the position where the large deformation occurs;
when the wall n of the storage tank is greatly deformed, the upper parallel section (n +1) or the lower parallel section (n-1) of the distributed optical fiber strain sensor at the large deformation is also greatly deformed, and the wall n of the storage tank is marked as an area needing to be processed;
secondly, performing numerical fitting on the strain along the distributed optical fiber strain sensor, and performing statistical analysis on the large deformation of the upper and lower parallel sections of optical fibers to determine the position, range and strain distribution trend of the maximum deformation;
and finally, obtaining the local strain change of the tank body through the fiber bragg grating array strain sensor.
(III) advantageous effects
According to the invention, the distributed optical fiber strain sensor is arranged on the tank body of the storage tank in a spiral surrounding manner, so that the deformation of the whole storage tank is monitored, and meanwhile, the local accurate monitoring of the storage tank is realized through the optical fiber grating array strain sensor.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring system according to the present invention
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring deformation of a large crude oil storage tank body by an optical fiber according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of step 1 of the method for monitoring deformation of a large crude oil storage tank body by an optical fiber according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of step S2 in step 1 of the present invention.
[ description of reference ]
1: a distributed optical fiber strain sensor; 2: a fiber grating array strain sensor; 3: a fiber signal demodulation system; 4: a transmission network; 5: remote visual monitoring platform.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tank deformation monitoring device of a storage tank according to the present invention, as shown in fig. 1: the invention provides a storage tank body deformation monitoring device, which comprises: the distributed optical fiber strain sensor comprises a distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 and an optical fiber grating array strain sensor 2;
distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 is the mode setting that the spiral encircles on the storage tank body surface of treating monitoring, and fiber grating array strain sensor 2 fixes the surface at the position that the storage tank body of treating monitoring takes place deformation. The tank body is provided with at least one circumferential weld, and the position on the surface of the tank body of the storage tank to be monitored, which is away from the circumferential weld at a preset interval, is also provided with a distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1. In a preferred embodiment, the preset interval is 1cm, and when the stress and strain of the girth weld are measured, the distributed optical fiber strain sensors 1 are arranged at positions 1cm away from the upper edge and the lower edge of the girth weld respectively, so that the problem of inaccurate strain measurement caused by a heat affected zone of the weld is avoided.
The continuous circumferential strain change of the storage tank body is obtained through the data collected by the distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1, and the global large-range strain monitoring is realized. And the fiber grating array strain sensor 2 is transversely and axially fixed on the local deformation surface along the tank wall or the vicinity of the circumferential weld to obtain the local transverse and axial strain changes of the tank body of the storage tank, so that local accurate strain monitoring is realized. And obtaining the deformation state of the tank body of the storage tank based on the relation between the real-time strain and the curvature of the tank body, and alarming for abnormal conditions.
Further, when the distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 is arranged on the storage tank body in a spiral surrounding mode, the spiral distance is H, and the spiral angle is theta; wherein the total height of the distributed optical fiber sensor is the highest liquid level position of the storage tank.
The spiral distance H is 0.3-0.4 times of the height of each layer of wall plate on the storage tank, the height of the wall plate is marked as V, and the tank body is formed by welding a plurality of annular wall plates due to large tank body, high integral forming cost and high technical difficulty, a circular welding seam is formed at the connecting part between two adjacent wall plates, wherein,
θ＝arctan(H/D)
d is the diameter of the storage tank, and the spiral angle is the included angle between the distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 and the diameter direction of the base plane of the storage tank. The distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 can monitor the surface of the storage tank globally, and redundant arrangement of the distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 is avoided, so that power utilization of the distributed optical fiber strain sensor is maximized.
Furthermore, the distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 is arranged in a linear topological structure, and the problem that a large-sized storage tank cannot be monitored and is excessively monitored is solved when the deformation of the tank body is monitored in a spiral mode. The fiber grating array strain sensors 2 are distributed in a star topology structure, and the optimal distribution position is obtained by utilizing a particle swarm optimization algorithm. In order to adapt to long-term monitoring, the distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 is packaged based on a metal matrix composite base material and is fixed on the surface of the tank body in a portable roll welding mode; the fiber bragg grating number in the fiber bragg grating array strain sensor 2 is 2, 3 and 4, and the fiber bragg grating array strain sensor is fixed on the surface of the tank body by adopting a spot welding mode based on a packaging structure of a sheet metal substrate.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tank deformation monitoring system of the storage tank of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 2: the invention also provides a system for monitoring the deformation of the storage tank body, which comprises:
the device comprises the storage tank body deformation monitoring device, the optical fiber signal demodulation system 3, the transmission network 4 and the remote visual monitoring platform 5.
The distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 and the optical fiber grating array strain sensor 2 in the storage tank body deformation monitoring device are both connected with an optical fiber signal demodulation system 3, and the optical fiber signal demodulation system 3 is communicated with a remote visual monitoring platform 5 through a transmission network 4. The optical fiber signal demodulation system 3 demodulates the optical signals collected by the distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 and the optical fiber grating array strain sensor 2 into digital signals and transmits the digital signals to the remote visual monitoring platform 5 in real time on line through the transmission network 4.
The remote visual monitoring platform 5 is used for realizing monitoring data query, data storage, data analysis, early warning and visual management of the deformation of the large crude oil storage tank body, on one hand, the deformation position of the large crude oil storage tank body and the state change of the monitoring position structure can be directly displayed through the platform, on the basis of the overall and local deformation monitoring data collected by the distributed optical fiber strain sensor and the optical fiber grating array strain sensor 2, the reconstruction of the storage tank body can be realized, a user can find abnormal points of the state more quickly, and the operation state of equipment can be mastered remotely; on the other hand, a user can perform statistical analysis on the correlation between different positions at the same time and different times at the same position through the platform, so that the user can know the health state of the storage tank body more, and the operation safety of the large crude oil storage tank is ensured.
Further, the optical fiber signal demodulating system 3 includes: a distributed optical fiber analyzer connected with the distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 and a fiber grating demodulator connected with the fiber grating array sensor. In a preferred embodiment, one end of the distributed optical fiber sensor is connected to the inlet end of the distributed optical fiber analyzer through an armored cable, and the other end of the distributed optical fiber sensor is connected to the outlet end of the distributed optical fiber analyzer after the armored cable is welded to the ground along the auxiliary accessory facilities on the surface of the tank body. The fiber grating sensor adopts a double-end mode to avoid the problem that the signal of the whole chain cannot be collected due to the damage of one sensor. The two ends of the fiber bragg grating array sensor are respectively welded with single-mode armored optical cables and then connected to the fiber bragg grating demodulator through the optical cables.
After the distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 and the optical fiber grating array strain sensor 2 are successfully connected with the optical fiber signal demodulation system 3, the distributed optical fiber strain sensor and the optical fiber grating array strain sensor are respectively calibrated and zeroed. And then, the demodulated digital signal is transmitted to a remote visual monitoring platform 5 on line by using a transmission network 4, and the deformation condition of the storage tank body is calculated on the basis of the relation between the strain data and the curvature measured by the distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 and the optical fiber grating array strain sensor 2 on the remote visual monitoring platform 5.
Furthermore, the monitoring system also comprises a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is arranged on the surface of the storage tank body. In a preferred embodiment, the temperature sensor is a fiber grating temperature sensor, so that temperature measurement is more accurate, and temperature compensation is realized by using the fiber grating temperature sensor, so that data measured by the distributed fiber strain sensor 1 and the fiber grating array strain sensor 2 are more accurate.
Fig. 3 is a flow of the storage tank deformation monitoring method of the invention, as shown in fig. 3: the invention also provides a storage tank deformation monitoring method, which is implemented based on the storage tank deformation monitoring system, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining a deformation position according to the set data of the distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1, and acquiring the distribution position of the optical fiber grating array strain sensor 2 according to the deformation position; the distribution position of the fiber grating array strain sensor 2 is determined through the deformation position, so that the fiber grating array strain sensor 2 can acquire accurate data of all positions on the storage tank, which are deformed, and the local accurate monitoring of the storage tank is realized.
Step 2: calculating according to the data of the distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 and the optical fiber grating array strain sensor 2 to obtain the strain condition on the storage tank, and calculating the parameters of the whole and local deformation of the storage tank according to the relation between the strain condition and the curvature of the storage tank; wherein the parameters of global and local deformation include: the location, extent and strain distribution trend where the maximum deformation occurs.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of step 1 of the method for monitoring deformation of a storage tank body according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4: the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: monitoring the storage tank body through a distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1, and taking the position of the storage tank body where deformation occurs as a signal source;
s2: and obtaining the distribution position of the fiber grating array strain sensor 2 on the surface of the storage tank body by a particle swarm optimization algorithm according to the number of the signal sources and the positions of the signal sources on the surface of the storage tank body. The problem of redundancy of the optical cable is solved, and the problem of power of the optical fiber demodulation signal is solved.
Further, fig. 5 is a flowchart of step S2 in step 1 of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, step S2 includes:
s21: determining the number of signal sources on the storage tank to be M, wherein N fiber bragg grating array strain sensors 2 are arranged on the surface of the storage tank;
s22: determining the objective function as:
min PAM＝1-PA；
wherein, PAMThe value of (1) is an adaptive value, in particular to a loss probability average value of N fiber grating array strain sensors 2 to M signal sources;
PAthe average value of the detection probability of the N fiber bragg grating array strain sensors 2 to the M signal sources is obtained;
Pjthe detection probability of the jth signal source for the N fiber bragg grating array strain sensors 2 is determined;
Pij＝η*exp(-ηDij)；
eta is a measure of the power decay with distance of the fiber grating array strain sensor 2, DijThe distance between the ith fiber grating array strain sensor 2 and the jth signal source is calculated;
s23: performing iterative optimization calculation on the minimum value of the adaptive value by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm according to the target function;
s24: and stopping the iterative optimization calculation when a preset ending condition is met. The ending condition is that the adaptive value is less than 0.01 or the actually measured spectrum peak power of the fiber grating array strain sensor 2 at the arrangement position of the storage tank is less than 70 percent of the spectrum peak power when the fiber grating array strain sensor 2 is calibrated. When the end condition is reached, the fiber bragg grating array strain sensor 2 on the storage tank can collect all signal sources on the storage tank, the signal sources cannot be lost, redundant arrangement cannot be generated, on one hand, the problem of redundancy of optical cables is solved, and on the other hand, the problem of power of fiber demodulation signals is solved.
The speed and position updating formula of the particles at the moment t +1 in the particle swarm optimization algorithm is as follows:
vld t+1＝ωvld t+c1r1[pld t-xld t]+c2r2[pgd t-xld t]
xld t+1＝xld t+vld t+1
wherein l is the number of particles, 1,2, …; t is the number of iterations, vld tIs the d-dimensional velocity of the ith particle at the time of iteration to t times; x is the number ofld tIs the d-dimensional position of the ith particle, p, at the time of iteration t timesldIs the d-dimension coordinate value, p, of the optimum position of the first particlegdIs the d-dimension coordinate value of the global optimum position point, omega is the inertia weight, tmaxIs the maximum iteration number; omegamax＝1.4，ωmin＝0；c1＝c2＝2，r1、r2Is distributed in [0,1 ]]A random number in between.
On the other hand, step 2 is:
firstly, distributed optical fiber strain sensors 1 are distributed on the surface of a storage tank body in a spiral mode to obtain continuous circumferential strain of the wall of the storage tank, whether the wall of the storage tank is subjected to large deformation or not is judged based on the change condition of the continuous circumferential strain, the large deformation refers to deformation exceeding a preset value, and the position where the large deformation occurs is found. When the wall n of the storage tank is greatly deformed, the strain monitored by the distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 of the upper parallel section (n +1) or the lower parallel section (n-1) parallel to the distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 at the position of the large deformation is also greatly deformed; the position, the range and the strain distribution trend of the maximum deformation are determined by carrying out numerical fitting on larger mutation values along the optical fiber and carrying out statistical analysis on the large deformations of the upper and lower parallel sections of the optical fiber.
Secondly, the distributed optical fiber strain sensors 1 are distributed on the upper surface and the lower surface near one circumferential weld in a snake-shaped mode to obtain the continuous circumferential strain of the circumferential weld of the storage tank, and the position, the range and the strain distribution trend of the maximum deformation of the circumferential weld are judged similarly to the principle.
And finally, distributing the transverse and axial fiber grating array strain sensors 2 at the position where the large deformation occurs to obtain the local strain change of the tank body. And finally, calculating the deformation condition of the storage tank body based on the relation between real-time strain data monitored by the distributed optical fiber strain sensor 1 and the fiber grating array strain sensor 2 and the curvature. And the alarm is implemented on the abnormal condition, so that the real-time monitoring is realized, and the probability of dangerous conditions of the storage tank is greatly reduced.
It should be understood that the above description of specific embodiments of the present invention is only for the purpose of illustrating the technical lines and features of the present invention, and is intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and to implement the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. It is intended that all such changes and modifications as fall within the scope of the appended claims be embraced therein.
Claims (7)
1. A large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring method is implemented based on a large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring system, and the large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring system comprises: the system comprises a large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring device, an optical fiber signal demodulation system, a transmission network and a remote visual monitoring platform;
the distributed optical fiber strain sensor and the optical fiber grating array strain sensor in the large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring device are both connected with the optical fiber signal demodulation system, and the optical fiber signal demodulation system is communicated with the remote visual monitoring platform through the transmission network;
the large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring device comprises: distributed optical fiber strain sensors and fiber grating array strain sensors;
the distributed optical fiber strain sensor is arranged on the surface of the storage tank body to be monitored in a spiral surrounding mode, and the optical fiber grating array strain sensor is fixed on the surface of the position, deformed, of the storage tank body to be monitored;
when the distributed optical fiber strain sensor is arranged on the storage tank body in a spiral surrounding mode, the spiral distance is H, and the spiral angle is theta;
the spiral distance H is 0.3-0.4 times of the height of each layer of wall plate on the storage tank, wherein,
θ＝arctan(H/D)
d is the diameter of the storage tank, and the spiral angle is the included angle of the distributed optical fiber strain sensor and the diameter direction of the base plane of the storage tank;
the monitoring method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: determining a deformation position according to the set data of the distributed optical fiber strain sensor, and acquiring the distribution position of the optical fiber grating array strain sensor according to the deformation position;
step 2: calculating according to the data of the distributed optical fiber strain sensor and the optical fiber grating array strain sensor to obtain the strain condition on the storage tank, and calculating the parameters of the whole and local deformation of the storage tank according to the relation between the strain condition and the curvature of the storage tank;
wherein, the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: monitoring the storage tank body through a distributed optical fiber strain sensor, and taking the position of the storage tank body where deformation occurs as a signal source;
s2: obtaining the distribution position of the fiber grating array strain sensor on the surface of the storage tank body by a particle swarm optimization algorithm according to the number of the signal sources and the positions of the signal sources on the surface of the storage tank body;
the step S2 includes:
s21: determining the number of signal sources on the storage tank to be M, wherein N fiber bragg grating array strain sensors are arranged on the surface of the storage tank;
s22: determining the objective function as:
min PAM＝1-PA；
wherein, PAMThe value of (A) is an adaptive value, specifically loss of M signal sources by N fiber bragg grating array strain sensorsProbability average value;
PAthe average value of the detection probability of the N fiber bragg grating array strain sensors to the M signal sources is obtained;
Pjdetecting probability of the jth signal source for the N fiber bragg grating array strain sensors;
Pij＝η*exp(-ηDij)；
eta is a measure of the power decay with distance of the fiber grating array strain sensor, DijThe distance between the ith fiber grating array strain sensor and the jth signal source is calculated;
s23: performing iterative optimization calculation on the minimum value of the adaptive value by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm according to the target function;
s24: stopping iterative optimization calculation when a preset end condition is met; wherein, the ending condition is that the adaptive value is less than 0.01 or the actually measured spectrum peak power of the fiber grating array strain sensor at the arrangement position of the storage tank is less than 70% of the spectrum peak power when the fiber grating array strain sensor is calibrated.
2. The monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the calculating of the strain on the storage tank according to the data of the distributed fiber strain sensor and the fiber grating array strain sensor includes:
firstly, obtaining continuous circumferential strain of the wall of the storage tank through a distributed optical fiber strain sensor, judging whether the wall of the storage tank is subjected to large deformation or not based on the change condition of the continuous circumferential strain, wherein the large deformation refers to the deformation exceeding a preset value, and finding out the position where the large deformation occurs;
when the wall n of the storage tank is greatly deformed, the upper parallel section (n +1) or the lower parallel section (n-1) of the distributed optical fiber strain sensor at the large deformation is also greatly deformed, and the wall n of the storage tank is marked as an area needing to be processed;
secondly, performing numerical fitting on the strain along the distributed optical fiber strain sensor, and performing statistical analysis on the large deformation of the upper and lower parallel sections of optical fibers to determine the position, range and strain distribution trend of the maximum deformation;
and finally, obtaining the local strain change of the tank body through the fiber bragg grating array strain sensor.
3. A large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the tank body is provided with at least one circumferential weld, and the distributed optical fiber strain sensor is further arranged on the surface of the storage tank body to be monitored at a position which is a preset interval away from the circumferential weld.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined interval is 1 cm.
5. The method for monitoring the deformation of the tank body of the large crude oil storage tank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the distributed optical fiber strain sensors are arranged in a linear topology structure, and the optical fiber grating array strain sensors are arranged in a star topology structure.
6. The large crude oil storage tank body deformation optical fiber monitoring method according to claim 5, wherein the optical fiber signal demodulation system comprises:
the distributed fiber analyzer is connected with the distributed fiber strain sensor, and the fiber grating demodulator is connected with the fiber grating array sensor.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the monitoring system further comprises a temperature sensor disposed on a surface of the tank body.
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| CN202010231449.4A CN111504214B (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-03-27 | Optical fiber monitoring method for deformation of large crude oil storage tank body |
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| CN202010231449.4A CN111504214B (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2020-03-27 | Optical fiber monitoring method for deformation of large crude oil storage tank body |
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| CN111504214A CN111504214A (en) | 2020-08-07 |
| CN111504214B true CN111504214B (en) | 2021-06-08 |
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| CN111982002A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-24 | 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 | Distributed optical fiber sensing-based vertical tidal current energy blade crack monitoring device and monitoring method |
| CN112880581A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-06-01 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Cylinder sleeve deformation amount measuring method and device |
| CN112945282B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2022-04-05 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Large-scale crude oil storage tank large-angle weld defect optical fiber monitoring method and system |
| CN113086444A (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2021-07-09 | 国核电力规划设计研究院有限公司 | Health monitoring equipment for hot water energy storage tank |
| CN115266075B (en) * | 2022-09-26 | 2023-02-17 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Bulging self-sensing plate type support, manufacturing method, monitoring system and monitoring method |
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