CN111504201A - Method for measuring sag of flexible conductor in transformer substation - Google Patents

Method for measuring sag of flexible conductor in transformer substation Download PDF

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CN111504201A
CN111504201A CN202010395107.6A CN202010395107A CN111504201A CN 111504201 A CN111504201 A CN 111504201A CN 202010395107 A CN202010395107 A CN 202010395107A CN 111504201 A CN111504201 A CN 111504201A
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sag
ground
flexible
point
substation
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CN111504201B (en
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赵聪
李松原
李苏雅
李楠
张弛
张黎明
郭博文
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种变电站内软导线弧垂测量方法，其技术特点是：测量两个导线架构在水平地面的阴影长度l1和l2；测量两个导线架构地面之间标杆在地面阴影的长度为l0；测量得到C2C3的长度为l3；根据平行光原理，得到tanα1＝tanα2＝tanα3＝tanα0＝l0/h0＝l1/h1＝l2/h2＝l3/h3，并据此计算变电站内软导线弧垂。本发明设计合理，其利用平行光原理间接地测量变电站内软导线弧垂，在软导线档距、架构高度未知及带电情况下，实现对变电站内软导线弧垂的快速、准确测量功能，能够及时掌握软导线运行状态，确保设备安全可靠运行，具有操作简便、测量误差小、不受带电安全距离影响等优点，可广泛适用于档距小于100m的软导线弧垂测量。

Figure 202010395107

The invention relates to a method for measuring the sag of a flexible wire in a substation. is l 0 ; the length of C 2 C 3 is measured as l 3 ; according to the principle of parallel light, tanα 1 =tanα 2 =tanα 3 =tanα 0 =l 0 /h 0 =l 1 /h 1 =l 2 /h 2 = l 3 /h 3 , and calculate the sag of the flexible conductor in the substation accordingly. The present invention has a reasonable design, uses the principle of parallel light to indirectly measure the sag of the flexible conductor in the substation, and realizes the function of fast and accurate measurement of the sag of the flexible conductor in the substation under the condition that the span of the flexible conductor and the height of the structure are unknown and under the condition of live electricity. It has the advantages of easy operation, small measurement error, not affected by the live safety distance, etc., and can be widely used in the sag measurement of the flexible wire with the span less than 100m.

Figure 202010395107

Description

一种变电站内软导线弧垂测量方法A method for measuring sag of flexible conductor in substation

技术领域technical field

本发明变电站技术领域，涉及到变电站内软导线，尤其是一种变电站内软导线弧垂测量方法。The technical field of the substation of the present invention relates to the flexible conductor in the substation, in particular to a method for measuring the sag of the flexible conductor in the substation.

背景技术Background technique

导线上最低点到悬挂点连线之间的铅垂距离称为导线的弧垂。导线在长期运行后，由于初伸长(塑性伸长和蠕变伸长)等原因导致弧垂变大。若弧垂不满足设计要求，易引发短路或倒塔等事故。The vertical distance between the lowest point on the wire and the connecting line of the hanging point is called the sag of the wire. After long-term operation of the wire, the sag becomes larger due to the initial elongation (plastic elongation and creep elongation). If the sag does not meet the design requirements, it is easy to cause accidents such as short circuit or tower collapse.

在变电站运行过程中，弧垂测量是检查变电站内软导线运行状态的重要手段。现行变电站内软导线弧垂的测量方法主要分为停电测量，或使用激光测距仪、经纬仪、全站仪等仪器进行带电测量两种方法。下面对这两种测量方法分别进行说明：During the operation of the substation, the sag measurement is an important means to check the running state of the flexible conductor in the substation. The current measurement methods of flexible conductor sag in substations are mainly divided into two methods: power failure measurement, or live measurement using laser rangefinder, theodolite, total station and other instruments. The two measurement methods are described below:

停电测量方法操作简单、准确度较高，但变电站投运后，受停电计划影响，难以有效开展。使用全站仪等仪器进行带电测量时，操作复杂，同时由于变电站内软导线档距较小、架构高度较低，受带电安全距离影响，难以快速、准确确定软导线最低点位置，并且测量结果误差较大。The power outage measurement method is simple to operate and has high accuracy, but after the substation is put into operation, it is difficult to carry out effectively due to the influence of the outage plan. When using a total station and other instruments for live measurement, the operation is complicated. At the same time, due to the small span and low structure height of the flexible wire in the substation, it is difficult to quickly and accurately determine the lowest point position of the flexible wire due to the influence of the live safety distance and the measurement results. The error is large.

综上所述，为了及时、准确地掌握变电站软导线弧垂，从而确保电网安全可靠地运行，迫切需要一种快速、准确对变电站软导线进行弧垂带电测量的方法。To sum up, in order to timely and accurately grasp the sag of the flexible conductor of the substation, so as to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the power grid, there is an urgent need for a fast and accurate method for sag live measurement of the flexible conductor of the substation.

发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提出一种变电站内软导线弧垂测量方法，其利用太阳光在地面投影，间接测量软导线弧垂，不受带电安全距离影响，在带电情况下可实现对软导线弧垂的快速、有效测量。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to propose a method for measuring the sag of a flexible wire in a substation, which utilizes sunlight to project on the ground to indirectly measure the sag of the flexible wire, and is not affected by the live safety distance. It can realize fast and effective measurement of sag of flexible conductor.

本发明解决其技术问题是采取以下技术方案实现的：The present invention solves its technical problem by adopting the following technical solutions to realize:

一种变电站内软导线弧垂测量方法，包括以下步骤：A method for measuring sag of a flexible conductor in a substation, comprising the following steps:

步骤1、选取变电站内待测量软导线，两个导线架构顶点分别为A1和B1，在地面垂直投影点分别为A2和B2，将A1A2和B1B2高度分别记为h1和h2，两个导线架构在水平地面的阴影分别记为A2A3和B2B3，测量得到A2A3和B2B3的长度分别为l1和l2；Step 1. Select the flexible conductor to be measured in the substation. The vertices of the two conductor structures are A 1 and B 1 respectively, and the vertical projection points on the ground are A 2 and B 2 respectively. Record the heights of A 1 A 2 and B 1 B 2 respectively. are h 1 and h 2 , the shadows of the two wire structures on the horizontal ground are respectively denoted as A 2 A 3 and B 2 B 3 , and the lengths of A 2 A 3 and B 2 B 3 are measured as l 1 and l 2 respectively;

步骤2、将一个标准高度为h0的标杆M1M2垂直设置在两个导线架构地面之间的连线上，测量得到标杆M1M2在地面阴影M2M3的长度为l0；Step 2. Set a benchmark M 1 M 2 with a standard height of h 0 vertically on the connecting line between the grounds of the two wire structures, and measure the length of the shadow M 2 M 3 of the benchmark M 1 M 2 on the ground to be l 0 ;

步骤3、将软导线

Figure BDA0002487239360000021
直线A2B2和软导线地面阴影
Figure BDA0002487239360000022
中点分别设置为C1、C2和C3，其中，C1为软导线最低点，C2为C1在地面垂直投影点，C3为C1在地面阴影点；作直线l//A2B2并与软导线地面阴影
Figure BDA0002487239360000023
相切于点C3；过点C3作C2C3//A2A3交A2B2于点C2，过点C2作C1C2⊥A2B2交软导线A1B1于点C1；将C1C2高度记为h3，测量得到C2C3的长度为l3；Step 3. Connect the flexible wire
Figure BDA0002487239360000021
Straight A 2 B 2 and Soft Conductor Ground Shading
Figure BDA0002487239360000022
The midpoints are respectively set as C 1 , C 2 and C 3 , where C 1 is the lowest point of the flexible wire, C 2 is the vertical projection point of C 1 on the ground, and C 3 is the shadow point of C 1 on the ground; draw a straight line l// A 2 B 2 and shaded with flexible wire ground
Figure BDA0002487239360000023
Tangent at point C 3 ; C 2 C 3 through point C 3 // A 2 A 3 intersects with A 2 B 2 at point C 2 , through point C 2 as C 1 C 2 ⊥ A 2 B 2 intersects flexible conductor A 1 B 1 at point C 1 ; record the height of C 1 C 2 as h 3 , and measure the length of C 2 C 3 as l 3 ;

步骤4、根据平行光原理，太阳光A1A3、B1B3、C1C3、M1M3为平行光照射地面并与地面夹角α1、α2、α3、α0相等，得到如下关系式：Step 4. According to the principle of parallel light, the sunlight A 1 A 3 , B 1 B 3 , C 1 C 3 , M 1 M 3 is parallel light illuminating the ground and the included angles α 1 , α 2 , α 3 , α 0 with the ground equal, we get the following relation:

tanα1＝tanα2＝tanα3＝tanα0＝l0/h0＝l1/h1＝l2/h2＝l3/h3 tanα 1 =tanα 2 =tanα 3 =tanα 0 =l 0 /h 0 =l 1 /h 1 =l 2 /h 2 =l 3 /h 3

步骤5、将标杆M1M2的标准高度h0、标杆M1M2阳光照射在地面阴影M2M3的长度l0、A2A3的长度l1和B2B3的长度l2带入步骤4所得到的关系式中，通过计算得到：Step 5. Place the standard height h 0 of the pole M 1 M 2 , the length l 0 of the shadow M 2 M 3 of the pole M 1 M 2 on the ground, the length l 0 of A 2 A 3 and the length l of B 2 B 3 2 is brought into the relationship obtained in step 4, and obtained by calculation:

A1A2的高度h1＝l1*h0/l0 Height of A 1 A 2 h 1 =l 1 *h 0 /l 0

B1B2的高度h2＝l2*h0/l0 Height of B 1 B 2 h 2 =l 2 *h 0 /l 0

C1C2的高度h3＝l3*h0/l0 Height of C 1 C 2 h 3 =l 3 *h 0 /l 0

进而得到软导线弧垂：And then get the flexible wire sag:

软导线弧垂d1＝h1-h3＝(l1-l3)*h0/l0 Flexible conductor sag d 1 =h 1 -h 3 =(l 1 -l 3 )*h 0 /l 0

软导线弧垂d2＝h2-h3＝(l2-l3)*h0/l0。Flexible conductor sag d 2 =h 2 -h 3 =(l 2 -l 3 )*h 0 /l 0 .

而且，所述测量是在光照充足、无风天气下进行。Also, the measurements were made in sunny, calm weather.

而且，所述测量过程是在同一时间进行。Furthermore, the measurement processes are performed at the same time.

而且，所述两个导线架构之间的档距小于100m。Furthermore, the span between the two wire structures is less than 100m.

本发明的优点和积极效果是：The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

1、本发明设计合理，其利用平行光原理间接地测量变电站内软导线弧垂，在软导线档距、架构高度未知及带电情况下，实现对变电站内软导线弧垂的快速、准确测量功能，能够及时掌握软导线运行状态，确保设备安全可靠运行。1. The design of the present invention is reasonable, it uses the principle of parallel light to indirectly measure the sag of the flexible conductor in the substation, and realizes the fast and accurate measurement function of the sag of the flexible conductor in the substation under the condition that the span of the flexible conductor and the height of the structure are unknown and live. , can grasp the running status of the flexible wire in time to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the equipment.

2、本发明具有操作简便、测量误差小、不受带电安全距离影响等优点，可广泛适用于档距小于100m的软导线弧垂测量。2. The present invention has the advantages of simple operation, small measurement error, and is not affected by the safe distance of electrification.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是本发明的测量原理图。Fig. 1 is the measurement principle diagram of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

以下结合附图对本发明做进一步详述。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

本发明利用平行光原理，在太阳光下物体的高度与地面阴影长度成正比，通过地面测量阴影长度建立一种变电站内软导线弧垂的测量方法，如图1所示，包括以下步骤：The present invention utilizes the principle of parallel light, the height of the object under sunlight is proportional to the length of the shadow on the ground, and a method for measuring the sag of a flexible wire in a substation is established by measuring the length of the shadow on the ground, as shown in Figure 1, including the following steps:

步骤1、在光照充足、无风天气下，选取变电站内某段待测量软导线，两侧导线架构顶点分别为A1、B1，在地面垂直投影点分别为A2、B2，将A1A2、B1B2高度分别记为h1、h2，两个导线架构在水平地面的阴影分别记为A2A3、B2B3，通过测量确定A2A3、B2B3长度分别为l1、l2。Step 1. In the weather with sufficient light and no wind, select a certain section of the flexible conductor to be measured in the substation. The vertices of the conductor structures on both sides are A 1 and B 1 respectively, and the vertical projection points on the ground are respectively A 2 and B 2 . 1 The heights of A 2 and B 1 B 2 are recorded as h 1 and h 2 respectively, and the shadows of the two wire structures on the horizontal ground are respectively recorded as A 2 A 3 and B 2 B 3 , and A 2 A 3 and B 2 are determined by measurement. The lengths of B 3 are l 1 and l 2 respectively.

步骤2、将一个标准高度为h0的标杆M1M2垂直设置在两个架构地面之间的连线上，测量标杆M1M2阳光照射在地面阴影M2M3长度l0。Step 2. Set a benchmark M 1 M 2 with a standard height of h 0 vertically on the connecting line between the two architectural grounds, and measure the length l 0 of the shadow M 2 M 3 of the benchmark pole M 1 M 2 irradiated by sunlight on the ground.

步骤3、将软导线

Figure BDA0002487239360000041
直线A2B2和软导线地面阴影
Figure BDA0002487239360000042
中点分别设置为C1、C2和C3，其中，C1为软导线最低点，C2为C1在地面垂直投影点，C3为C1在地面阴影点；作直线l//A2B2与软导线地面阴影
Figure BDA0002487239360000043
相切于点C3。过点C3作C2C3//A2A3交A2B2于点C2，过点C2作C1C2⊥A2B2交软导线A1B1于点C1。C1C2高度记为h3，C2C3通过测量确定长度为l3。Step 3. Connect the flexible wire
Figure BDA0002487239360000041
Straight A 2 B 2 and Soft Conductor Ground Shading
Figure BDA0002487239360000042
The midpoints are respectively set as C 1 , C 2 and C 3 , where C 1 is the lowest point of the flexible wire, C 2 is the vertical projection point of C 1 on the ground, and C 3 is the shadow point of C 1 on the ground; draw a straight line l// A 2 B 2 with soft conductor ground shadow
Figure BDA0002487239360000043
Tangent to point C3 . Cross point C 3 as C 2 C 3 //A 2 A 3 cross A 2 B 2 at point C 2 , cross point C 2 as C 1 C 2 ⊥ A 2 B 2 and cross flexible conductor A 1 B 1 at point C 1 . The height of C 1 C 2 is recorded as h 3 , and the length of C 2 C 3 is determined by measurement as l 3 .

步骤4、考虑太阳距离地面无穷远，太阳光A1A3、B1B3、C1C3、M1M3为平行光照射地面，并与地面夹角α1、α2、α3、α0相等，得到：Step 4. Considering that the sun is infinitely far from the ground, the sunlight A 1 A 3 , B 1 B 3 , C 1 C 3 , M 1 M 3 is parallel light illuminating the ground, and the included angles α 1 , α 2 , α 3 with the ground , α 0 are equal, we get:

tanα1＝tanα2＝tanα3＝tanα0＝l0/h0＝l1/h1＝l2/h2＝l3/h3 (1)tanα 1 =tanα 2 =tanα 3 =tanα 0 =l 0 /h 0 =l 1 /h 1 =l 2 /h 2 =l 3 /h 3 (1)

由于软导线在地面的阴影长度中l3最短，因此软导线距地面高度中h3最短，即点C1为软导线最低点。Since l 3 is the shortest in the shadow length of the flexible wire on the ground, h 3 is the shortest in the height of the flexible wire from the ground, that is, point C 1 is the lowest point of the flexible wire.

步骤5、将h0、l0、l1、l2带入公式(1)得到：Step 5. Bring h 0 , l 0 , l 1 , and l 2 into formula (1) to obtain:

A1A2的高度h1＝l1*h0/l0 Height of A 1 A 2 h 1 =l 1 *h 0 /l 0

B1B2的高度h2＝l2*h0/l0 Height of B 1 B 2 h 2 =l 2 *h 0 /l 0

C1C2的高度h3＝l3*h0/l0 Height of C 1 C 2 h 3 =l 3 *h 0 /l 0

最终得到两个软导线弧垂：Finally, two flexible wire sags are obtained:

软导线弧垂d1＝h1-h3＝(l1-l3)*h0/l0 Flexible conductor sag d 1 =h 1 -h 3 =(l 1 -l 3 )*h 0 /l 0

软导线弧垂d2＝h2-h3＝(l2-l3)*h0/l0。Flexible conductor sag d 2 =h 2 -h 3 =(l 2 -l 3 )*h 0 /l 0 .

为了保证变电站内软导线弧垂的测量的精度，上述测量过程均在同一时间进行。In order to ensure the accuracy of the measurement of the sag of the flexible conductor in the substation, the above measurement processes are all carried out at the same time.

需要强调的是，本发明所述的实施例是说明性的，而不是限定性的，因此本发明包括并不限于具体实施方式中所述的实施例，凡是由本领域技术人员根据本发明的技术方案得出的其他实施方式，同样属于本发明保护的范围。It should be emphasized that the embodiments described in the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive, so the present invention includes but is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific implementation manner. Other embodiments derived from the scheme also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1.一种变电站内软导线弧垂测量方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：1. a soft wire sag measurement method in a substation, is characterized in that comprising the following steps: 步骤1、选取变电站内待测量软导线，两个导线架构顶点分别为A1和B1，在地面垂直投影点分别为A2和B2，将A1A2和B1B2高度分别记为h1和h2，两个导线架构在水平地面的阴影分别记为A2A3和B2B3，测量得到A2A3和B2B3的长度分别为l1和l2；Step 1. Select the flexible conductor to be measured in the substation. The vertices of the two conductor structures are A 1 and B 1 respectively, and the vertical projection points on the ground are A 2 and B 2 respectively. Record the heights of A 1 A 2 and B 1 B 2 respectively. are h 1 and h 2 , the shadows of the two wire structures on the horizontal ground are respectively denoted as A 2 A 3 and B 2 B 3 , and the lengths of A 2 A 3 and B 2 B 3 are measured as l 1 and l 2 respectively; 步骤2、将一个标准高度为h0的标杆M1M2垂直设置在两个导线架构地面之间的连线上，测量得到标杆M1M2在地面阴影M2M3的长度为l0；Step 2. Set a benchmark M 1 M 2 with a standard height of h 0 vertically on the connecting line between the grounds of the two wire structures, and measure the length of the shadow M 2 M 3 of the benchmark M 1 M 2 on the ground to be l 0 ; 步骤3、将软导线
Figure FDA0002487239350000011
直线A2B2和软导线地面阴影
Figure FDA0002487239350000012
中点分别设置为C1、C2和C3，其中，C1为软导线最低点，C2为C1在地面垂直投影点，C3为C1在地面阴影点；作直线l//A2B2并与软导线地面阴影
Figure FDA0002487239350000013
相切于点C3；过点C3作C2C3//A2A3交A2B2于点C2，过点C2作C1C2⊥A2B2交软导线A1B1于点C1；将C1C2高度记为h3，测量得到C2C3的长度为l3；Step 3. Connect the flexible wire
Figure FDA0002487239350000011
Straight A 2 B 2 and Soft Conductor Ground Shading
Figure FDA0002487239350000012
The midpoints are respectively set as C 1 , C 2 and C 3 , where C 1 is the lowest point of the flexible wire, C 2 is the vertical projection point of C 1 on the ground, and C 3 is the shadow point of C 1 on the ground; draw a straight line l// A 2 B 2 and shaded with flexible wire ground
Figure FDA0002487239350000013
Tangent at point C 3 ; C 2 C 3 through point C 3 // A 2 A 3 intersects with A 2 B 2 at point C 2 , through point C 2 as C 1 C 2 ⊥ A 2 B 2 intersects flexible conductor A 1 B 1 at point C 1 ; record the height of C 1 C 2 as h 3 , and measure the length of C 2 C 3 as l 3 ; 步骤4、根据平行光原理，太阳光A1A3、B1B3、C1C3、M1M3为平行光照射地面并与地面夹角α1、α2、α3、α0相等，得到如下关系式：Step 4. According to the principle of parallel light, sunlight A 1 A 3 , B 1 B 3 , C 1 C 3 , M 1 M 3 are parallel lights that illuminate the ground and make angles α 1 , α 2 , α 3 , α 0 with the ground equal, we get the following relation: tanα1＝tanα2＝tanα3＝tanα0＝l0/h0＝l1/h1＝l2/h2＝l3/h3 tanα 1 =tanα 2 =tanα 3 =tanα 0 =l 0 /h 0 =l 1 /h 1 =l 2 /h 2 =l 3 /h 3 步骤5、将标杆M1M2的标准高度h0、标杆M1M2阳光照射在地面阴影M2M3的长度l0、A2A3的长度l1和B2B3的长度l2带入步骤4所得到的关系式中，通过计算得到：Step 5. Place the standard height h 0 of the pole M 1 M 2 , the length l 0 of the shadow M 2 M 3 of the pole M 1 M 2 on the ground, the length l 0 of A 2 A 3 and the length l of B 2 B 3 2 is brought into the relationship obtained in step 4, and obtained by calculation: A1A2的高度h1＝l1*h0/l0 Height of A 1 A 2 h 1 =l 1 *h 0 /l 0 B1B2的高度h2＝l2*h0/l0 Height of B 1 B 2 h 2 =l 2 *h 0 /l 0 C1C2的高度h3＝l3*h0/l0 Height of C 1 C 2 h 3 =l 3 *h 0 /l 0 进而得到软导线弧垂：And then get the flexible wire sag: 软导线弧垂d1＝h1-h3＝(l1-l3)*h0/l0 Flexible conductor sag d 1 =h 1 -h 3 =(l 1 -l 3 )*h 0 /l 0 软导线弧垂d2＝h2-h3＝(l2-l3)*h0/l0。Flexible conductor sag d 2 =h 2 -h 3 =(l 2 -l 3 )*h 0 /l 0 . 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种变电站内软导线弧垂测量方法，其特征在于：所述测量是在光照充足、无风天气下进行。2 . The method for measuring sag of flexible conductors in a substation according to claim 1 , wherein the measurement is carried out in a weather with sufficient sunlight and no wind. 3 . 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种变电站内软导线弧垂测量方法，其特征在于：所述测量过程是在同一时间进行。3 . The method for measuring sag of flexible conductors in a substation according to claim 1 , wherein the measurement process is performed at the same time. 4 . 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种变电站内软导线弧垂测量方法，其特征在于：所述两个导线架构之间的档距小于100m。4 . The method for measuring sag of flexible conductors in a substation according to claim 1 , wherein the span between the two conductor structures is less than 100m. 5 .
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