CN111503893A - Novel fused salt heat-storage water heater - Google Patents

Novel fused salt heat-storage water heater Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111503893A
CN111503893A CN202010177691.8A CN202010177691A CN111503893A CN 111503893 A CN111503893 A CN 111503893A CN 202010177691 A CN202010177691 A CN 202010177691A CN 111503893 A CN111503893 A CN 111503893A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
water
pipeline
buffer tank
heat storage
molten salt
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Pending
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CN202010177691.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张素娟
张艳梅
顾清之
顾晓鸥
仇秋玲
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Shanghai Electric Group Corp
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Shanghai Electric Group Corp
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Priority to CN202010177691.8A priority Critical patent/CN111503893A/en
Publication of CN111503893A publication Critical patent/CN111503893A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
    • F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
    • F24H7/0208—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid using electrical energy supply
    • F24H7/0233—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid using electrical energy supply the transfer fluid being water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0005—Details for water heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/12—Arrangements for connecting heaters to circulation pipes
    • F24H9/13—Arrangements for connecting heaters to circulation pipes for water heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
    • F24H9/2014—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using electrical energy supply

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water heaters, in particular to a novel molten salt heat storage water heater, which comprises: the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank is arranged in the accommodating space and is fixedly connected with the bottom wall of the shell, and the electric heater is fixedly connected with the upper end of the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank; the cold water buffer tank and the hot water buffer tank are arranged at the upper end of the fused salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank; the shell is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet, an air inlet, a sewage discharge port and an air exhaust port; the plurality of temperature sensors are electrically connected with the controller. The invention applies the fused salt heat storage to the field of water heaters, saves water resources and electric energy, and reduces potential safety hazards; the water channel pipeline and the water tank are made of metal materials, so that the materials are reduced, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Novel fused salt heat-storage water heater
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water heaters, in particular to a novel fused salt heat storage water heater.
Background
The existing electric water heater mainly comprises a water storage type electric water heater and an instant heating type electric water heater. The instant water heater has high power, is used at the peak power utilization moment, has high power utilization cost, can influence the simultaneous use of other electrical appliances, particularly high-power electrical appliances, and is easy to overload and trip.
The water storage type electric water heater is generally classified into a large-volume water storage type electric water heater and a small-volume water storage type water heater. Although the large-volume water storage type electric water heater can provide enough hot water, the large-volume water storage type electric water heater has the advantages of large volume, high cost, long heating time, high energy consumption and long waiting time for bathing or using hot water by a user; small volume storage water heaters also have difficulty providing sufficient hot water in a short period of time. In addition, in the electric water heater, because the electric heating tube is soaked in water, water and electricity separation is difficult to realize, and the risk of electric leakage and electric shock exists.
The molten salt refers to a salt which is in a solid state at a standard temperature and under an atmospheric pressure and exists in a liquid phase after the temperature is increased, and a molten mass formed after the salt is molten, such as a molten mass of halides, nitrates and sulfates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals; the molten salt is a molten body composed of metal cations and non-metal anions, more than 80 kinds of cations and more than 30 kinds of anions can form the molten salt, and the combined molten salt can reach more than 2400 kinds. Because the molten salt has the advantages of high use temperature, high thermal stability, high specific heat capacity, high convective heat transfer coefficient, low viscosity, low saturated vapor pressure, low price and the like, the molten salt has the advantages of four high and three low, and becomes one of the heat transfer and storage media with highest acceptance in the field of photo-thermal power generation at present.
Molten salt can be used for solar heat power generation, and the technology utilizes strong mirrors to focus solar heat to generate steam so as to drive a power generation turbine. The excess heat generated during the day can be used to heat large amounts of salt, which can absorb considerable amounts of heat. When the sun falls on the mountain or in cloudy days in the daytime, the heat stored in the molten salt is used for generating steam to drive the power generation turbine. Whereas the molten salt loses only nearly 0.5% of its heat after more than 12 hours, the heat loss is quite small, which also ensures considerable economy. With the research deepening and the verification of demonstration engineering, besides the field of photo-thermal power generation, more application scenes are developed by fused salt energy storage, and the fused salt energy storage has great application prospects in the aspects of peak regulation and frequency modulation, building heating, valley electricity heating, wind power absorption and the like.
The existing molten salt heat storage type heat supply aims at central heating and steam supply and customizes a design process flow aiming at specific scene parameters. The existing molten salt heat storage system is mainly used for outputting steam, comprises a molten salt storage tank, a heat exchanger, a steam drum, a steam pipeline laying, a control cabinet and the like, has large investment and needs to be configured with a special site.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a novel molten salt heat storage water heater.
The technical problem solved by the invention can be realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a novel fused salt heat-storage water heater is characterized by comprising:
the shell is internally provided with an accommodating space;
the temperature sensors at least comprise a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor and a third temperature sensor;
the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank is arranged in the accommodating space and is fixedly connected with the bottom wall of the shell, the first temperature sensor is arranged on the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank, and the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank is used for filling molten salt;
the electric heater is fixedly connected with the upper end of the fused salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank;
the cold water buffer tank is arranged at the upper end of the fused salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank, and the second temperature sensor is arranged on the cold water buffer tank;
the hot water buffer tank is arranged at the upper end of the fused salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank, and the third temperature sensor is arranged on the hot water buffer tank;
a plurality of waterway pipelines, wherein the waterway pipelines at least comprise a first waterway pipeline, a second waterway pipeline, a third waterway pipeline, a fourth waterway pipeline, a fifth waterway pipeline, a sixth waterway pipeline and a seventh waterway pipeline, and the waterway pipelines are arranged in the accommodating space;
the aluminum foil is adhered to the inner surface of the shell, the shell is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet, an air inlet, a sewage draining port and an air draining port, the water inlet, the air inlet and the air draining port are arranged on the upper end surface of the shell, the water outlet and a water mixing electromagnetic valve are relatively fixedly arranged, the second one-way valve is arranged on a pipeline between the air draining port and the cold water buffer tank, and the sewage draining port is arranged at the bottom of the left end surface of the shell; the water pump is arranged on the waterway pipeline and is electrically connected with a controller;
the plurality of temperature sensors are electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
the check valves at least comprise a first check valve, a second check valve, a third check valve and a fourth check valve, and are arranged on the waterway pipeline;
the liquid level switches at least comprise a first liquid level switch, a second liquid level switch, a third liquid level switch, a fourth liquid level switch and a fifth liquid level switch, and are arranged on the waterway pipeline;
the liquid level switches are electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, the first waterway pipeline is connected with the water inlet and extends to the cold water buffer tank to be fixedly connected with the cold water buffer tank; and the electromagnetic valve fixing device is arranged on the first water channel pipeline and is electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, one end of the second water pipeline is connected with the cold water buffer tank, the other end of the second water pipeline is connected with a first opening of a three-way electromagnetic valve, a second opening of the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with one end of the third water pipeline, a third opening of the three-way electromagnetic valve is provided with the first one-way valve and extends to the sewage outlet through a pipeline structure, and the three-way electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the controller; the other end of the third water channel pipeline penetrates through the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank and is connected to the hot water buffer tank through the third one-way valve, and the other end of the third water channel pipeline is fixedly connected with the air inlet through the fourth one-way valve.
Preferably, one end of the fourth water pipeline is fixedly connected with the third opening of the three-way electromagnetic valve through the first liquid level switch, and the other end of the fourth water pipeline is fixedly connected with the cold water buffer tank.
Preferably, one end of the fifth water pipeline is fixedly connected with the cold water buffer tank, and the other end of the fifth water pipeline is fixedly connected with the hot water buffer tank; the cold water buffer tank device comprises a second liquid level switch and a third liquid level switch, and the hot water buffer tank device comprises a fourth liquid level switch and a fifth liquid level switch.
Preferably, one end of the sixth water pipeline is connected with the cold water buffer tank, the other end of the sixth water pipeline is connected with one end of the water mixing electromagnetic valve, the other end of the water mixing electromagnetic valve is connected with one end of the seventh water pipeline, and the other end of the seventh water pipeline penetrates through the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank and is fixedly connected with the lower end of the hot water buffer tank.
Preferably, when the electric heater is started, the electric heater converts electric power into heat energy to be stored in the molten salt, the first temperature sensor transmits temperature data to the controller, when the temperature of the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank reaches a first preset value, the first temperature sensor transmits a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the electric heater to start heating; when the temperature of the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank reaches a second preset value, the first temperature sensor transmits a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating.
Preferably, the molten salt heat exchange integrated tank further comprises a cold water heating loop, water flows through the first water channel pipeline, flows into the cold water buffer tank from the water inlet, and then reaches the three-way electromagnetic valve through the second water channel pipeline, the first opening and the second opening of the three-way electromagnetic valve are opened, the water flows into the third water channel pipeline of the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank for heat exchange, and hot water flows into the hot water buffer tank through the third water channel pipeline and the third one-way valve.
Preferably, the water pump further comprises an evacuation standby loop, the evacuation standby loop is formed by closing the first opening of the three-way electromagnetic valve, opening the second opening and the third opening of the three-way electromagnetic valve and opening the water pump, unheated water in the third water channel flows back to flow through the second opening and the third opening of the three-way electromagnetic valve, the first one-way valve and the water pump, the water pump flows through the fourth water channel and enters the cold water buffer tank until the liquid level in the cold water buffer tank is low enough to trigger the first liquid level switch, and the first liquid level switch transmits a signal back to the controller and controls the water pump and the three-way electromagnetic valve to be closed through the controller.
The beneficial effects are that:
the invention can better realize water-electricity separation, has small volume, low cost and short heating time, can provide hot water in short time, saves water resource and electric energy and reduces potential safety hazard.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the internal structure of a novel molten salt heat storage water heater provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of a novel molten salt heat storage water heater provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the invention provides a structure diagram of a novel molten salt heat storage water heater, comprising: a housing 1, wherein the housing 1 is internally provided with an accommodating space;
a plurality of temperature sensors, the temperature sensors at least comprise a first temperature sensor 8, a second temperature sensor 14 and a third temperature sensor 19;
the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2 is arranged in the accommodating space and is fixedly connected with the bottom wall of the shell 1, the first temperature sensor 8 is arranged on the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2, and the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2 is used for filling molten salt;
the electric heater 7 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the fused salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2;
a cold water buffer tank 11 arranged at the upper end of the fused salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2, and a second temperature sensor 14 arranged on the cold water buffer tank 11;
the hot water buffer tank 20 is arranged at the upper end of the fused salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2, and the third temperature sensor is arranged on the hot water buffer tank 20;
a plurality of waterway pipes, each waterway pipe at least comprises a first waterway pipe T1, a second waterway pipe T2, a third waterway pipe T3, a fourth waterway pipe T4, a fifth waterway pipe T5, a sixth waterway pipe T6 and a seventh waterway pipe T7, and the waterway pipes are arranged in the accommodating space;
the aluminum foil is pasted on the inner surface of the shell 1, a water inlet 23, a water outlet 25, an air inlet 24, a sewage draining port 26 and a sewage draining port 27 are arranged on the shell 1, the water inlet 23, the air inlet 24 and the air draining port 27 are arranged on the upper end surface of the shell 1, the water outlet 25 and the water mixing electromagnetic valve 9 are fixedly arranged relatively, the second one-way valve 13 is arranged on a pipeline between the air draining port 27 and the cold water buffer tank 11, and the sewage draining port 26 is arranged at the bottom of the left end surface of the shell 1.
The water pump 3 is arranged on the waterway pipeline and is electrically connected with a controller 10;
the plurality of temperature sensors are electrically connected to the controller 10.
Specifically, cold water buffer tank 11 and hot water buffer tank 20, the independent setting of heat transfer integrative jar 2 is stored up to the fused salt, and cold water, hot water are in the box of difference, have completely cut off temperature interference, keep the stability of hot water temperature. The main body is provided with a fused salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2, a cold water buffer tank 11 and a hot water buffer tank 20, water pipelines, valves and the like are arranged according to the position relation of the fused salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2, the cold water buffer tank 11 and the hot water buffer tank 20, and are connected, meanwhile, data signals of all the pipelines are transmitted to a controller 10 and are controlled and monitored through the controller 10, in the system, the working pressure is basically 0, welding seam cracks and water leakage caused by expansion caused by heat and contraction caused by cold are avoided, and the heat exchange pipeline is filled with steam after long-term working, so that a water tank explodes; the water channel pipeline and the water tank are both made of metal materials, so that the materials can be thinned, and the cost is reduced; molten salt is directly heated by the electric heater 7, so that water and electricity separation is realized, and energy utilization is improved; due to the universal physical law of hot rising and cold falling, the cold water buffer tank 11 is preheated and the hot water buffer tank 20 is insulated by utilizing the overflow heat of the fused salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2, the aluminum foil is additionally arranged in the shell 1, and the surface temperature of the shell 1 is further insulated and reduced by a reflection radiation scattering mode.
Further, still include:
the check valves at least comprise a first check valve 4, a second check valve 13, a third check valve 21 and a fourth check valve 22, and are arranged on the water pipeline;
the liquid level switches at least comprise a first liquid level switch 5, a second liquid level switch 15, a third liquid level switch 16, a fourth liquid level switch 17 and a fifth liquid level switch 18, and are arranged on the waterway pipeline;
the plurality of liquid level switches are electrically connected to the controller 10.
Specifically, the water inlet 23 is connected with a municipal tap water system, the electromagnetic valve 12 controls water inflow, and the water outlet 25 is connected to the water mixing electromagnetic valve 9 through a sixth water pipeline T6 to be mixed with water and then supplied to a user. The cold water buffer tank 11 and the hot water buffer tank 20 have the highest liquid level limit, the upper parts of the cold water buffer tank and the hot water buffer tank are gas phase spaces, and a fifth water channel pipeline T5 is arranged to be communicated with each other, so that the gas phase spaces of the cold water buffer tank 11 and the hot water buffer tank 20 are communicated, and the gas is exhausted from the gas outlet 27 to the outside to keep a normal pressure state.
Further, the first water path pipe T1 is connected to the water inlet 23 and extends to the cold water buffer tank 11 to be fixedly connected with the cold water buffer tank 11; an electromagnetic valve 12 is fixed to the first waterway pipe T1 and electrically connected to the controller 10.
Furthermore, one end of a second water channel T2 is connected with the cold water buffer tank 11, the other end of the second water channel T2 is connected with the first opening 31 of a three-way electromagnetic valve 6, the second opening 62 of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is connected with one end of a third water channel T3, the third opening 63 of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is provided with a first one-way valve 4 and extends to the sewage outlet 26 through a pipeline structure, and the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 is electrically connected with the controller 10; the other end of the third water channel T3 penetrates through the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2 and is connected to the hot water buffer tank 20 through the third one-way valve 21, and the other end of the third water channel T3 is fixedly connected with the air inlet 24 through the fourth one-way valve 22.
Furthermore, one end of a fourth water channel T4 is fixedly connected with a third opening of the three-way solenoid valve 6 through a first liquid level switch 5, and the other end of the fourth water channel T4 is fixedly connected with the cold water buffer tank 11.
Further, one end of a fifth water channel T5 is fixedly connected with the cold water buffer tank 11, and the other end of the fifth water channel T5 is fixedly connected with the hot water buffer tank 20; the cold water buffer tank 11 is provided with a second liquid level switch 15 and a third liquid level switch 16, and the hot water buffer tank 20 is provided with a fourth liquid level switch 17 and a fifth liquid level switch 18.
Further, a cold water buffer tank 11 is connected to sixth water pipeline T6 one end, and the one end of muddy water solenoid valve 9 is connected to the sixth water pipeline T6 other end, and seventh water pipeline T7 one end is connected to the other end of muddy water solenoid valve 9, and the seventh water pipeline T7 other end runs through fused salt heat storage and exchange integral tank 2 and hot water buffer tank 20 lower extreme fixed connection.
Further, when the electric heater 7 is started, the electric heater 7 converts electric power into heat energy to be stored in the molten salt, the first temperature sensor 8 transmits temperature data to the controller 10, when the temperature of the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2 reaches a first preset value, the first temperature sensor 8 transmits a signal to the controller 10, and the controller 10 controls the electric heater 7 to start heating; when the temperature of the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2 reaches a second preset value, the first temperature sensor 8 transmits a signal to the controller 10, and the controller 10 controls the electric heater 7 to stop heating.
Specifically, the electric heater 7 is started to convert electric power into heat energy to be stored in the molten salt at the off-peak electricity period at night, the first temperature sensor 8 is arranged on the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2, the first temperature sensor 8 transmits temperature data to the controller 10, the controller 10 transmits a signal to the controller 10 when the temperature reaches the set lowest temperature, and the controller 10 controls the electric heater 7 to start heating; when the temperature reaches the set maximum temperature, the first temperature sensor 8 transmits a signal to the controller 10, and the controller 10 controls the electric heater 7 to stop heating.
When energy is used in the peak power period, a cold water heating loop is started, water flows through the fused salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2, heat of the fused salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2 is transferred to medium water through heat exchange, required hot water is obtained, then the water enters the hot water buffer tank 20 through a water pipeline and is subjected to temperature adjustment through the water mixing electromagnetic valve 9, and constant-temperature hot water is supplied to a user for use;
further, the cold water heating loop is further included, water flows into the cold water buffer tank 11 from the water inlet 23 through the first water channel T1 pipe and then reaches the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 through the second water channel T2, the first opening 61 and the second opening 62 of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 are opened, the water flows into the third water channel T3 of the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2 for heat exchange, and hot water enters the hot water buffer tank 20 through the third water channel T3 and the third one-way valve 21.
Specifically, municipal tap water flows into the cold water buffer tank 11 from the water inlet 23 through a first water channel pipeline T1 pipe and then reaches the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 through a second water channel pipeline T2, a first opening 61 and a second opening 62 of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 are opened, water flows into a third water channel pipeline T3 of the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2 for heat exchange, and hot water enters the hot water buffer tank 20 through a third water channel pipeline T3 and a third one-way valve 21; when water enters, the gas in the third water channel pipeline T3 is extruded by the entering water, enters the hot water buffer tank 20 through the third one-way valve 21, enters the cold water buffer tank 11 through the fifth water channel pipeline T5 between the hot water buffer tank 20 and the cold water buffer tank 11 to preheat cold water, the cooled gas enters the gas phase space of the cold water buffer tank 11, if pressure exists, the second one-way valve 13 is triggered, the gas enters the atmospheric environment, and the normal pressure state is maintained; when the user uses water, the hot water in the hot water buffer tank 20 flows through the seventh water channel T7 to reach the water mixing solenoid valve 9, and the cold water in the cold water buffer tank 11 flows through the sixth water channel T6 to reach the water mixing solenoid valve 9, so that the hot water meeting the user requirements flows out through temperature adjustment and mixing.
Further, the water pump system further comprises an emptying standby loop, water which is not completely heated in the third water channel T3 flows backwards through the second opening 62 and the third opening 63 of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6, the first one-way valve 4 and the water pump 3 and flows through the fourth water channel T4 into the cold water buffer tank 11 by closing the first opening 61 of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6, opening the second opening 62 and the third opening 63 of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 and opening the water pump 3 until the liquid level in the cold water buffer tank 11 is low enough to trigger the first liquid level switch 5, the first liquid level switch 5 transmits a signal back to the controller 10, and the controller 10 controls the water pump 3 and the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 to be closed.
Specifically, in a standby state of suspended water or under the condition that the water consumption is little and the hot water tank is full, the water channel pipeline needs to be emptied, the water pump 3 is started by closing the first opening 61 of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6, opening the second opening 62 and the third opening 63 of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6, and the water which is not completely heated in the third water channel pipeline T3 flows backwards through the second opening 62 and the third opening 63 of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6, the first one-way valve 4 and the water pump 3 and flows through the fourth water channel pipeline T4 to enter the cold water buffer tank 11 until the liquid level in the cold water buffer tank 11 is low enough to trigger the first liquid level switch 5, the first liquid level switch 5 transmits a signal back to the controller 10, and the controller 10 controls the water pump 3 and the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 to be closed; because the third check valve 21 is closed, the flowing water evacuation generates negative pressure, the fourth check valve at the top is triggered to enter air, air enters the space of the third water pipeline T3, the third water pipeline T3 is made to inflate for heat preservation and standby, if the air expands due to heat exchange to generate pressure, hot air enters the hot water buffer tank 20 through the third check valve 21, enters the cold water buffer tank 11 through the fifth water pipeline T5 between the hot water buffer tank 20 and the cold water buffer tank 11 to preheat cold water, the cooled air enters the gas phase space of the cold water buffer tank 11, if pressure exists, the second check valve 13 is triggered, the air enters the atmospheric environment, and the normal pressure state is maintained.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, taking barbershop as an example, one head is washed for ten minutes, 2 liters of water is used after the barbershop is treated before treatment, and 50 people are received daily, 100L hot water is needed, 250 people are received, 500L hot water is needed, the number of large barbershop is more than 1000L, and the present example is demonstrated as 100L and 1000L:
the calculated energy requirement of 100L hot water at 50 ℃ is 21000KJ, about 58kg of molten salt is needed, and the volume is 33L.
21000KJ is converted into electricity quantity of about 60Kwh electricity, 1000L is 60Kwh electricity, the electric heating power of the electric heater is 750w when the time length of night valley electricity is 8 hours, and the electric heating power of the electric heater is 7.5Kw when the time length of 1000L is 7.5Kw.
The rated flow of water supply of a sanitary ware is designed to be 0.15L/S according to the design specification of water supply and drainage of a building, namely 9L/Min, the flow of a common small handheld shower head is about 5L/Min, the required heat production amount of a system is 10L/Min, and the enthalpy value of hot water at 50 ℃ is 210 KJ/Kg.
The heat balance was carried out, Q-W (I out-in) 10L/min 210KJ/Kg 2100 KJ/min.
Neglecting radiative heat transfer, the heat transfer mode is: convection-conduction.
The heat conductivity coefficient of the stainless steel is 10-30W/(m DEG C), and 16.2W/(m DEG C) at 304 ℃; the coefficient of heat conductivity of air is 0.024W/(m DEG C), and the coefficient is smaller, thus being unfavorable for heat conduction but favorable for heat preservation; the thermal conductivity of water at 50 ℃ is 0.566W/(m DEG C), and the thermal conductivity at 0 ℃ is: 0.55W/(m. degree.C.); the thermal conductivity of the molten salt is 0.462W/(m DEG C) at 150 ℃ and 0.330W/(m DEG C) at 400 ℃.
Therefore, the heat conductivity coefficient of the air is extremely low, so that the emptying loop is filled with the water channel pipeline by the air, the safety is realized, the heat preservation effect is realized, the heat transfer coefficient is changed along with the temperature all the time, and the heat conduction and the heat transfer are dynamic processes. The improvement of the heat exchange area is beneficial to the improvement of the heat exchange load, but when the heat exchange area is increased to a certain degree, the Reynolds number is reduced, and the heat exchange area is possibly changed from turbulent flow to laminar flow, so that the heat transfer coefficient is reduced, and the heat load is reduced, and the influence is sometimes even worse than the effect of heat exchange by using the original area. The heat exchange efficiency is affected by the flow form, which is related to the reynolds number, which is related to the flow velocity, which is related to the pipe diameter.
And (3) calculating the effective heat exchange area A (Q/kK) △ tm by heat transfer, wherein A is the effective heat exchange area of the heat exchanger, Q is the total heat exchange quantity, K is a fouling coefficient which is generally 0.8-0.9, K is a heat transfer coefficient, △ tm is a logarithmic mean temperature difference, and the pipe diameter and the pipe length of the water channel pipeline are adjusted by performing inverse integral calculation by calculating the pipe diameter inverse flow rate, Reynolds number, heat transfer coefficient and the like according to the heat exchange area (pipe diameter) pipe length until the required flow rate is met.
In conclusion, the flow rate and the flow velocity are design conditions, the structural design of the heat exchange tube is designed according to the required hot water flow to calculate and ensure the required hot water flow, the system reversely pushes the required length of the heat exchange tube by using 50 ℃ hot water with the target flow of 9L/min or other parameters, and a low heat transfer coefficient is obtained by increasing the local thickness of the cylinder, improving the flow state of the pipeline into laminar flow through a soft streamline and the like, so that the result of slowly releasing heat energy is achieved.
In the preferred embodiment, an automatic water replenishing mechanism is arranged in the cold water buffer tank 11, when the water level rises to the highest liquid level line, the second liquid level switch 15 is triggered, the trigger signal is transmitted back to the controller 10, and the controller 10 controls the electromagnetic valve 12 to close according to the trigger signal to stop water inflow; when the water level at the upper part of the cold water buffer tank is lowered to the lowest liquid level line, the third liquid level switch 16 is triggered, the trigger signal is transmitted back to the controller 10, and the controller 10 controls the electromagnetic valve 12 to be opened according to the trigger signal to replenish cold water.
The hot water buffer tank 20 is also provided with an automatic water replenishing mechanism, when the water level rises to a certain height, the fifth liquid level switch 18 is triggered, a trigger signal is transmitted back to the controller 10, the controller 10 controls the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 to close the first opening 61 of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6, open the second opening 62 and the third opening 63 of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 and start the water pump 3 according to the trigger signal; when water is released, the water level at the upper part of the water tank is lowered to the lowest liquid level line, the fourth liquid level switch 17 is triggered, the trigger signal is transmitted back to the controller 10, the controller 10 controls the first one-way valve 4 to open the third opening 63 of the three-way electromagnetic valve 6 according to the trigger signal, and the water heat exchange process is started to supplement hot water.
The molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank 2 is required to complete two processes of heat charging and heat releasing in the whole system operation process. Be equipped with the water route pipeline in the integrative jar 2 of heat transfer is stored up to the fused salt and is used for the heat transfer, internally mounted has electric heater 7, and water flows in the coil pipe and stores up the liquid fused salt of high temperature in the integrative jar 2 of heat transfer with the fused salt and carries out the heat transfer to obtain hot water, and before novel fused salt heat-retaining water heater operation, need use the low ebb electricity to store up the fused salt in the integrative jar 2 of heat transfer with the fused salt and heat the setting value, this is for filling the hot process.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A novel fused salt heat-storage water heater is characterized by comprising:
the shell is internally provided with an accommodating space;
the temperature sensors at least comprise a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor and a third temperature sensor;
the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank is arranged in the accommodating space and is fixedly connected with the bottom wall of the shell, the first temperature sensor is arranged on the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank, and the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank is used for filling molten salt;
the electric heater is fixedly connected with the upper end of the fused salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank;
the cold water buffer tank is arranged at the upper end of the fused salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank, and the second temperature sensor is arranged on the cold water buffer tank;
the hot water buffer tank is arranged at the upper end of the fused salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank, and the third temperature sensor is arranged on the hot water buffer tank;
a plurality of waterway pipelines, wherein the waterway pipelines at least comprise a first waterway pipeline, a second waterway pipeline, a third waterway pipeline, a fourth waterway pipeline, a fifth waterway pipeline, a sixth waterway pipeline and a seventh waterway pipeline, and the waterway pipelines are arranged in the accommodating space;
the aluminum foil is adhered to the inner surface of the shell, the shell is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet, an air inlet, a sewage draining port and an air draining port, the water inlet, the air inlet and the air draining port are arranged on the upper end surface of the shell, the water outlet and a water mixing electromagnetic valve are relatively fixedly arranged, the second one-way valve is arranged on a pipeline between the air draining port and the cold water buffer tank, and the sewage draining port is arranged at the bottom of the left end surface of the shell; the water pump is arranged on the waterway pipeline and is electrically connected with a controller;
the plurality of temperature sensors are electrically connected with the controller.
2. The novel molten salt heat storage water heater of claim 1, further comprising:
the check valves at least comprise a first check valve, a second check valve, a third check valve and a fourth check valve, and are arranged on the waterway pipeline;
the liquid level switches at least comprise a first liquid level switch, a second liquid level switch, a third liquid level switch, a fourth liquid level switch and a fifth liquid level switch, and are arranged on the waterway pipeline;
the liquid level switches are electrically connected with the controller.
3. The novel molten salt heat-storage water heater according to claim 1, wherein the first water path pipeline is connected with the water inlet and extends to the cold water buffer tank to be fixedly connected with the cold water buffer tank; and the electromagnetic valve fixing device is arranged on the first water channel pipeline and is electrically connected with the controller.
4. The novel molten salt heat storage water heater according to claim 2, characterized in that one end of the second water pipeline is connected with the cold water buffer tank, the other end of the second water pipeline is connected with a first opening of a three-way electromagnetic valve, a second opening of the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with one end of the third water pipeline, a third opening of the three-way electromagnetic valve is provided with the first one-way valve and extends to the sewage outlet through a pipeline structure, and the three-way electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the controller; the other end of the third water channel pipeline penetrates through the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank and is connected to the hot water buffer tank through the third one-way valve, and the other end of the third water channel pipeline is fixedly connected with the air inlet through the fourth one-way valve.
5. The novel molten salt heat storage water heater of claim 2, wherein one end of the fourth water pipeline is fixedly connected with the third opening of the three-way electromagnetic valve through the first liquid level switch, and the other end of the fourth water pipeline is fixedly connected with the cold water buffer tank.
6. The novel molten salt heat-storage water heater according to claim 2, characterized in that one end of the fifth water path pipeline is fixedly connected with the cold water buffer tank, and the other end of the fifth water path pipeline is fixedly connected with the hot water buffer tank; the cold water buffer tank device comprises a second liquid level switch and a third liquid level switch, and the hot water buffer tank device comprises a fourth liquid level switch and a fifth liquid level switch.
7. The novel molten salt heat storage water heater according to claim 1, wherein one end of a sixth water pipeline is connected with the cold water buffer tank, the other end of the sixth water pipeline is connected with one end of the water mixing electromagnetic valve, the other end of the water mixing electromagnetic valve is connected with one end of a seventh water pipeline, and the other end of the seventh water pipeline penetrates through the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank and is fixedly connected with the lower end of the hot water buffer tank.
8. The novel molten salt heat storage water heater is characterized in that when the electric heater is started, the electric heater converts electric power into heat energy to be stored in molten salt, the first temperature sensor transmits temperature data to the controller, when the temperature of the molten salt heat storage and exchange integral tank reaches a first preset value, the first temperature sensor transmits a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the electric heater to start heating; when the temperature of the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank reaches a second preset value, the first temperature sensor transmits a signal to the controller, and the controller controls the electric heater to stop heating.
9. The novel molten salt heat storage water heater according to claim 4, further comprising a cold water heating circuit, wherein water flows into the cold water buffer tank from the water inlet through the first water pipeline pipe and then reaches the three-way solenoid valve through a second water pipeline, a first opening and a second opening of the three-way solenoid valve are opened, water flows into the third water pipeline of the molten salt heat storage and exchange integrated tank for heat exchange, and hot water enters the hot water buffer tank through the third water pipeline and the third one-way valve.
10. The novel molten salt heat storage water heater according to claim 4, further comprising an evacuation standby loop, wherein water which is not completely heated in the third water channel flows back through the second opening and the third opening of the three-way solenoid valve, the first check valve, the water pump and the fourth water channel into the cold water buffer tank until the liquid level in the cold water buffer tank is low enough to trigger a first liquid level switch, the first liquid level switch transmits a signal back to the controller, and the controller controls the water pump and the three-way solenoid valve to be closed.
CN202010177691.8A 2020-03-13 2020-03-13 Novel fused salt heat-storage water heater Pending CN111503893A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010177691.8A CN111503893A (en) 2020-03-13 2020-03-13 Novel fused salt heat-storage water heater

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010177691.8A CN111503893A (en) 2020-03-13 2020-03-13 Novel fused salt heat-storage water heater

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111503893A true CN111503893A (en) 2020-08-07

Family

ID=71867061

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010177691.8A Pending CN111503893A (en) 2020-03-13 2020-03-13 Novel fused salt heat-storage water heater

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111503893A (en)

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