CN111502648A - Method and device for calibrating logging instrument for remotely detecting electromagnetic wave resistivity while drilling - Google Patents
Method and device for calibrating logging instrument for remotely detecting electromagnetic wave resistivity while drilling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for calibrating a logging instrument for detecting electromagnetic wave resistivity while drilling, which comprises two elliptical discs, a fixed frame, a limiting rod, a sleeve and a fastening handle, wherein the two elliptical discs are fixedly connected by glass fiber reinforced plastic or other non-metallic materials, the two graduated discs are elliptical and are made of glass fiber reinforced plastic or other non-metallic materials; the two dials are limited by the glass fiber reinforced plastic connecting rod, and the middle connecting rod hole plays a role in wire passing; the fixing frame is divided into an upper part and a lower part, is made of superhard aluminum, and fixes the dial in the middle through bolts; a polytetrafluoroethylene lining is embedded in the fixed frame; the locking device is arranged at the bottom of the lower scale frame to prevent the scale frame from rotating and falling off; and the full verification is carried out in the design and debugging process of an instrument prototype. The invention is easy to manufacture and operate, and can simply and accurately adjust the complex impedance of the scale ring through the external resistor and the capacitor, thereby facilitating the debugging of the instrument and the standard establishment of the measurement parameters, and leading the instrument to accurately obtain the scale coefficients of all the required parameters.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of petroleum and gas drilling, and particularly relates to a calibration method and a calibration device for a remote resistivity detection while drilling instrument. The invention provides a calibration method and a calibration flow of a logging instrument for remote detection while drilling of electromagnetic wave resistivity, provides a fine structure of a calibration device and a signal response standard of a designed instrument in a standard calibration environment, and can provide comprehensive guarantee for research, development, manufacture and field use of the instrument.
Background
Conventional propagation resistivity instruments generally employ two receiving coils, and the phase difference and amplitude ratio of the two receiving coils are measured to convert the two receiving coils into the resistivity. In the process, because the two receiving coils are influenced by the mechanical structure of the instrument, an electronic circuit, temperature and pressure and other environments very closely, the generated system errors are basically consistent, and the influence of the system errors is greatly reduced after the phase difference or the amplitude ratio is obtained. Thus also reducing the need for a calibration step. For the azimuth electromagnetic wave instrument, the phase difference and amplitude ratio of the measured signals when the same coil faces different azimuths are used as output signals of geological signals, namely two signals are measured by the same coil, so that the azimuth electromagnetic wave instrument is less influenced by corresponding factors and has smaller system error.
More importantly, the instrument calibration process of the well logging instrument for propagating resistivity, azimuth electromagnetic waves and remote detection electromagnetic waves provides standard response for the instrument in a standard environment, so that a basis is provided for quantitative prediction of a geological interface by using signals. For example, the phase difference and amplitude ratio of the traditional propagation resistivity measurement are converted into corresponding apparent formation resistivity; the orientation electromagnetic wave instrument obtains a geological signal which is the same as the forward simulation under a certain standard condition, such as when the instrument is positioned at a certain specific distance stratum interface position. Particularly, for an azimuth electromagnetic wave instrument, a far detection electromagnetic wave instrument, a fine structure of the instrument, an instrument manufacturing error and the like, under a certain specific environment, an actual measurement signal is different from a forward simulation response (the forward simulation can be an analytic solution, a 2.5D numerical solution or a 3D numerical simulation result), and the inversion of the distance from the instrument to an interface depends on the forward simulation, so that the response of the instrument needs to be calibrated and scaled before the instrument is actually used.
For a traditional propagation resistivity instrument, the instrument is usually placed in a water tank containing a NaCl solution with a certain concentration for calibration after being suspended to zero.
For geological signals of an orientation electromagnetic wave instrument, an interface is usually made artificially so as to calibrate the response of the instrument, for example, a metal plate can be laid on the ground surface, or the instrument is placed above a container containing solution with a certain mineralization degree, and the response of the measuring instrument at different heights is calibrated so as to calibrate the geological signals. Note that the metal plate or solution also serves to shield the formation from the effects of the formation at this point, thereby simplifying the calibration process.
For the far detection electromagnetic wave while drilling instrument, the detection range is larger, so the affected range is also larger, especially the affected range from the ground. So far, no calibration method which is more accurate, convenient and practical is available for a remote detecting instrument.
Disclosure of Invention
In the design and manufacturing process of the while-drilling instrument, system errors are often brought to instrument measurement due to the influence of factors such as the mechanical structure of the instrument, the design process of an electronic circuit and the like; in the actual measurement process of the instrument, factors such as temperature and pressure in the environment can also cause unstable drift of the measurement signal, so that the response of the instrument needs to be calibrated or verified in the research and development process and before and after the actual instrument is used.
The calibration of the remote detection while drilling electromagnetic wave resistivity logging instrument mainly has two purposes, namely, the system error caused by instrument electronic circuits, mechanical structures, environmental factors and the like is eliminated; secondly, calibrating a remote detection resistivity voltage signal, geological signal response, dipole moment and the like, namely calibrating an original measurement signal to be standard output under a specific environment; thirdly, the influence of the stratum (earth surface) on the measuring result of the instrument is eliminated or evaluated by skillfully designing a specific calibration device and a specific calibration process. For a far detection instrument, the measurement is finally carried out to obtain the response of the instrument when the instrument is close to the interface of the stratum, and the signal calibration is carried out, so that the accurate determination and quantitative inversion of the interface distance are facilitated.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a calibration device of a logging instrument for remotely detecting electromagnetic wave resistivity while drilling comprises two elliptical discs, a fixed frame, a limiting rod, a sleeve and a fastening handle, wherein the two elliptical discs are fixedly connected by glass fiber reinforced plastics or other non-metallic materials; the two dials are limited by the glass fiber reinforced plastic connecting rod, and the middle connecting rod hole plays a role in wire passing; the fixing frame is divided into an upper part and a lower part, is made of superhard aluminum, and fixes the dial in the middle through bolts; a polytetrafluoroethylene lining is embedded in the fixed frame; the locking device is arranged at the bottom of the lower scale frame to prevent the scale frame from rotating and falling off; the axial distance between the two elliptic scale plates which are combined into a whole by the connecting rod is fixed to be 1m or other values between 0.8m and 3m and is parallel to each other; the sizes of the short shaft and the long shaft are unchanged, the short shaft and the long shaft are arranged on a fixed frame, and the middle part of the fixed frame is connected with a lead by a connecting rod; the scale ring device slides along the shaft on the instrument.
The two elliptic scale discs are respectively provided with a scale ring, the scale rings are made of metal with high conductivity and can be externally connected with a resistor or an inductor to provide the conductivity and the inductor required by a scale system, the scale device support is made of non-metal materials, and the whole scale device is far away from metal objects, high-voltage wires or other electromagnetic equipment.
A method for calibrating a logging instrument for detecting the resistivity of electromagnetic waves while drilling comprises the steps of establishing the relation between the shape, size and position of a calibration ring and an equivalent stratum interface through numerical simulation, thereby realizing the accurate calibration of geological signals, establishing a calibration device and a calibration process to eliminate or evaluate the stratum influence, horizontally placing the instrument at the height of 1-10 m from the ground, and sleeving the instrument calibration device on the instrument in a penetrating manner.
And according to the calibration process, measuring and determining relevant parameters of the instrument such as a voltage calibration coefficient, a dipole moment calibration coefficient, a phase difference and amplitude ratio signal calibration coefficient and the like, and further determining the single relation between the amplitude of the voltage geological signal and the formation resistivity.
The method for determining the scale orientation of the instrument comprises the steps of placing the instrument on a scale table, keeping a z' -axis unchanged, rotating the instrument, measuring a voltage geological signal to obtain a sine curve, fitting to obtain a maximum value, a minimum value, an average value b0 (b 0 needs to be subtracted from subsequent measurement results) and an orientation corresponding to b0 (the orientation is the y direction theoretically), wherein the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value is a geological signal generated on the ground, and the maximum value and the minimum value are required to appear in the orientations of a receiving coil of the instrument pointing to the ground and facing away from the ground.
The method for determining the formation resistivity includes the steps of placing a scale ring on an instrument, enabling the center of the scale ring to penetrate through the axis of the instrument, enabling the instrument to point in the y-direction, rotating the scale ring, measuring a voltage geological signal, obtaining a sine curve, enabling the position corresponding to the maximum value of the curve to be the set position of the scale ring, enabling the scale ring to face in the y-direction, enabling the scale ring to face unchanged, pulling the scale device to move on the axis of the instrument, and obtaining a curve relation shown in the attached drawing 10 through measurement.
The detailed process and related parameters of the voltage scale coefficient, the dipole moment scale coefficient, the phase difference and the amplitude ratio signal scale coefficient are determined, the voltage scale coefficient is determined by adjusting the external resistor and the inductor of the scale ring again, voltage geological signals under different resistance and inductance conditions are obtained through measurement, the voltage geological signals are compared with theoretical calculation signals, and then the voltage correction coefficient of the voltage geological signals can be obtained, and different access resistances and capacitance values are shown in table 2.
The method for calibrating the logging instrument for detecting the electromagnetic wave resistivity while drilling is brand new, and is fully verified in the design and debugging process of an instrument prototype. The provided scale device is ingenious and novel in design, easy to manufacture and easy to operate, and the complex impedance of the scale ring can be simply and accurately adjusted through the external resistor and the capacitor, so that a standard instrument measuring environment is generated, instrument debugging and standard establishment of measuring parameters are facilitated, and the instrument can accurately obtain required scale coefficients of various parameters.
Two effects are mainly achieved by scaling the instrument: (1) eliminating system errors, namely system errors caused by instrument electronic circuits, mechanical structures, environmental factors and the like; (2) calibrating the measurement signal, namely: the original measurement signal is defined as standard response under a specific scale standard environment, which is beneficial to the accurate measurement of the instrument on the interface distance and the quantitative inversion of the resistivity at two sides of the interface, thereby providing guarantee for the research, development and use of the instrument.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna system of a remote electromagnetic wave resistivity detection instrument
FIG. 2 is a simplified diagram of an antenna system structure of a remote electromagnetic wave resistivity measuring instrument
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a calibration device for a remote resistivity measuring instrument
FIG. 4 is a structural view of the scale device
FIG. 5 shows a scale ring with external resistor and inductor
FIG. 6 is the angle relationship between the scale ring and the coordinate system of the instrument
FIG. 7 is a graph of formation resistivity determination
FIG. 8 is a geosignal response variation with azimuth
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the instrument calibration for a given coil pitch-frequency condition
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the response of the instrument to moving over the instrument with the center of the scale
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the scale device of the remote sensing instrument for mounting the scale on the instrument
The sequence numbers in the figures illustrate: 1. the device comprises a dial, 2, a fixing frame, 3, a fastening handle, 4, a limiting rod, 5, a connecting rod, 6, a fastening nut, 7 and a sleeve.
Detailed Description
The invention mainly provides a calibration method and a calibration device for a logging instrument for detecting electromagnetic wave resistivity while drilling. Referring to fig. 1, the remote electromagnetic wave resistivity detection instrument/detector is an antenna system structure designed and determined on a special drill collar and provided with an inclined transmitting coil and three groups of receiving antennas. The instrument/detector has a common transmit antenna and eight receive antennas. Wherein, T is an inclined transmitting antenna (arranged at an inclination of 45 °), R1 and R2 are two groups of receiving antenna groups (systems) which are perpendicular to each other in the three directions of x, y and z and have different source distances, and R3 is a group of two axially arranged receiving antenna groups (systems). The structure can meet the requirement that the instrument can measure the formation resistivity, phase difference/amplitude ratio geological signals, voltage geological signals and anisotropy information of shallow, medium, deep and ultra-deep different detection depths respectively.
The calibration of the remote detection instrument is of great importance, in particular the voltage geological signal, which is measured as absolute amplitude, must be calibrated for use. In the structure of the detector instrument, the R3 receiving coil combination is consistent with the traditional resistivity measurement structure while drilling, and the instrument manufacturing and calibration methods are the same as the prior method. The three-component structure and measurement principle of the combination of the R1 and the R2 receiving antenna are the same, and only the coil distance and the frequency are different, so in the following discussion, only one group of the receiving antenna combination R is taken as an example for discussion, and as shown in fig. 2, a simplified diagram of the antenna system structure of the above mentioned apparatus/detector for detecting electromagnetic wave resistivity while drilling is given.
The structure is defined as a set of transmit-receive antenna system combination, the transmit antenna is a 45 ° tilted coil T, the receive antenna system comprises three receive coils, the orthogonal coil Ra facing the y direction, the axial coil Rb, the orthogonal coil Rc. facing the x direction, and the distance between the transmit and receive antenna system centers is defined as L.
Because the coil distance between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna of the remote detecting instrument is larger, the frequency is lower, and the affected range is larger, the following contents provide a calibration method of the remote detecting instrument, and provide an instrument calibration device and a calibration process, and the key technical problem is that: (1) establishing the relation between the shape, size and position of the scale ring and the equivalent stratum interface, thereby realizing the accurate scale of the geological signal; (2) and a smart calibration device and a calibration process are established, so that the influence of the stratum is eliminated or evaluated. The instrument scale device is designed as shown in figures 3 and 4.
In the calibration process, the instrument is placed horizontally at a height H from the ground and passes through a set of circular calibration rings, which are made of high conductivity metal and can be externally connected with a resistor or an inductor to provide the conductance and the inductance required by the calibration system, as shown in fig. 5. The scale device bracket is made of non-metal materials, and the whole scale device is far away from metal objects, high-voltage wires or other electromagnetic equipment.
The scale ring can form a certain angle relation with each axis of the instrument coordinate system, and the included angle position gamma of the normal line of the scale ring and the z axis of the instrument axis and the included angle position theta of the x axis are defined. As shown in fig. 6. For convenient operation, the scale ring can be designed to be inclined at 45 degrees or be inclined at 45 degrees by a standard circular scale ring.
When the scale is calibrated, after other influences caused by a non-scale ring are eliminated, a plurality of standard measurement environments can be generated by changing the external resistor and the capacitor, a plurality of measurement responses can be obtained by measuring with an instrument, and the scale coefficient can be obtained by comparing with a theoretical calculation result.
In the instrument calibration process, the related calibration parameters are as follows: voltage scale coefficient, geosignal scale coefficient, and dipole moment scale coefficient.
Determination of formation resistivity: when not calibrated, the actual relationship curve may be shown as a red line in fig. 7 due to systematic errors in the instrumental measurements. However, even in the presence of a systematic error in the measurement system, there is still a single relationship between the magnitude of the voltage geological signal and the formation resistivity, as in FIG. 7. For this reason, a calibration device with a certain equivalent resistivity is designed, and it is noted that the equivalent resistivity at this time means that when no stratum exists, the calibration ring can generate a geological signal response equivalent to that when the stratum has a certain resistivity. The calibration device is placed on an instrument, the external resistor of the calibration ring is adjusted, namely, the equivalent resistivity of the calibration ring is adjusted, so that the relation between the response of the instrument and the formation resistivity is generated, and then when the formation exists and the calibration ring does not exist, the measurement instrument responds, and the formation resistivity can be determined. Taking the voltage geological signal as an example, the operation is completed by the following steps:
1) placing the instrument above the ground surface (note that the ground surface should be horizontal as much as possible), rotating the instrument to the height of H from the ground surface, measuring the geological signal, and determining the geological signal V at the momentzx. The geological signal has good response characteristics, VzxVoltage geological signals, for example, when the X-coil is pointedWhen the geological signal strength is maximum at the interface, the geological signal is zero after the geological signal deflects by 90 degrees, and when the pointing interface is reversed, the geological signal is reversed to the maximum, namely the geological signal is in a cosine change form along with the rotation of the azimuth. The variation of the geologic signal with azimuth, taking into account the measured noise of the signal, can be represented by the accompanying figure 8:
2) rotating the instrument to the y direction, namely the direction corresponding to the average value of the geological signals, placing the scale ring on the instrument, rotating the scale ring, generating a new geological signal curve changing along with the direction of the scale ring, and fitting to obtain the geological signal amplitude V under a certain access resistance conditionzx1；
3) Changing the access resistance, repeating the step 2 to obtain V under the condition of different access resistanceszx2，Vzx3，Vzx4… and plotting the voltage geological signal against the formation resistivity, i.e. the upper curve in FIG. 6;
4) when no graduated ring is present
Signal, determining formation resistivity;
5) after the formation resistivity is determined, when different access resistances are determined again, the equivalent formation resistivity is determined, and therefore the conversion relation is determined again;
6) and repeating the steps 4-5 to determine the formation resistivity.
Note that, because the three receiving coils of the instrument are designed, the geosignal can be measured independently, therefore, the method is suitable for the calibration of the three antennas of Ra, Rb and Rc.
The scale factor is finally determined: after the formation resistivity is determined, the scale ring can be placed on an instrument under the condition of considering the formation resistivity, the access resistance and the access capacitance of the scale ring are changed, and a plurality of groups of instrument responses are generated, so that each scale coefficient is determined.
For voltage geological signals, the operation is relatively direct, and the scale factor is easy to determine.
For Rb and Rc antennas, the access resistance and capacitance of the scale ring are changed to generate a plurality of standard responses, and all voltage scale coefficients and dipole moment scale coefficients can be obtained by solving with a correlation formula.
After the scale coefficients are obtained, the geologic signals of Rb and Rc can be synthesized, and then the scale coefficients of the geologic signals can also be determined.
The calibration process of the remote detection instrument is shown in figure 9.
The detailed procedures and related parameters of the voltage scale coefficient, the phase difference, the amplitude ratio signal scale coefficient and the dipole moment scale coefficient in the determination process are described in detail below.
And (3) establishing a scale model shown in the attached figure 3, and carrying out the measurement while drilling for the remote detection resistivity instrument. The instrument is horizontally placed on a platform, the platform can be a cement platform built on the ground, and the cement platform does not need to be too high, but should be kept horizontal as much as possible. The instrument is placed on a non-metallic stand, the height (H) of the instrument from the ground being a fixed value, for example 1.5 m. The radius of the scale ring is designed to be 0.6-0.8 m, the distance between the two scale rings is 1.0-1.7 m, and the middle position of the two scale rings is marked as a scale ring device position Posi _ Coil. When scaling different channels, the position needs to be adjusted. The instrument can rotate on the support, namely signals in different directions can be measured, and the scale ring can rotate around the instrument, so that the coupling direction of the scale ring and the instrument can be adjusted.
1. Voltage scale factor determination process and device parameters
1) Determining scale orientation
As shown in fig. 3, the instrument is placed on the scale table, the z' -axis is kept unchanged, the instrument is rotated, the voltage geological signal is measured, the sinusoidal curve as shown in fig. 8 can be obtained, a curve is fitted, the maximum value, the minimum value, the average value b0 (b 0 needs to be subtracted from subsequent measurement results), and the orientation corresponding to b0 (theoretically, the orientation is the y direction), wherein the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value is the geological signal generated on the ground, and is recorded as Vzx 1. Theoretically, the maximum and minimum values should occur at the locations where the instrument receiver coil points toward the ground and points away from the ground.
2) Determining formation resistivity
The method comprises the steps of placing a scale ring on an instrument, enabling the center of the scale ring to penetrate through an instrument shaft, enabling the instrument to point to the y-direction, rotating the scale ring, measuring a voltage geological signal, obtaining a sine curve at the moment, setting the position of the scale ring according to the position corresponding to the maximum value of the curve, and enabling the scale ring to face to the y-direction theoretically at the moment. The orientation of the scale ring is unchanged, and the scale device is pulled to move on the instrument shaft, so that the curve relation shown in the attached figure 10 can be measured. The point A or the point B can be selected as a scale point. The derivative of the response to the position at the two points is zero, which is convenient for calibration. For example, a point a is selected, and the central position Posi _ Coil of the scale ring is 2 m.
TABLE 1 external resistor and capacitor required for determining formation resistivity by voltage geological signal scale
Table 1 shows external resistors and capacitors required for determining formation resistivity when voltage geological signal calibration is carried out on the antenna group based on the transmitting and receiving antenna spacing of 5.8m and the signal frequency of 4 kHz. The Rt _ Coil is the sum of the wire resistance and the external resistance.
By changing the external resistor (at this time, an external capacitor is not needed), the relation between the geological signal and the formation resistivity, namely the relation shown in fig. 7, can be obtained, and the formation resistivity can be preliminarily determined by putting the Vzx1 measured in the previous step into the relation. The precise value of the formation resistivity can be calculated from the numerical value.
3) Determining voltage scaling factor
After the formation resistivity is determined, the external resistor and the inductor of the scale ring are adjusted again, voltage geological signals under different resistance and inductance conditions are obtained through measurement, and the voltage geological signals are compared with theoretical calculation signals, so that the voltage correction coefficient of the voltage geological signals can be obtained. The different access resistances and capacitances are shown in table 2, and these three sets of resistance and capacitance combinations correspond to the voltage geosignal response for a 1:50 formation condition with the instrument located in a 50ohmm formation, parallel to the formation interface, and at a distance of 5m, 10m, and 15m from the interface, respectively.
TABLE 2 external resistor and capacitor required by voltage scale when voltage geological signal scale
And for the voltage geological signal, after the voltage scale coefficient is determined, the scale process is also completed.
2. Phase difference and amplitude ratio scale coefficient determination process and device parameters
Still taking the phase difference, amplitude ratio geosignals of the 5.8m-4kHz antenna group as an example, each receive coil can measure the geosignals individually for Rb and Rc. Therefore, the measured phase difference and amplitude ratio geological signals can be used for determining the formation resistivity corresponding to the channel.
1) Determining scale orientation
This step is in full agreement with the voltage geological signal.
2) Determining formation resistivity
This step is consistent with the method for determining formation resistivity from voltage geologic signals, except that rather than voltage geologic signals, amplitude ratio geologic signals are used to determine formation resistivity. While Rb is very similar to the Rc coil and their correspondence is very close, in principle, the same set of external resistance and capacitance coefficients can be used. In fact, the same set of scale factors can be used for the three receiving coils Ra, Rb and Rc at the same frequency.
3) Determining the scale coefficient of phase difference and amplitude ratio
After the formation resistivity is determined, different from voltage geological signals, the phase difference and amplitude ratio geological signals are compared with theoretically calculated signals by measuring the phase difference and amplitude ratio signals under the given access resistance and capacitance conditions, and then the phase difference and amplitude ratio scale coefficients can be determined.
3. Dipole moment scale coefficient determination process and device parameters
After the phase and amplitude scales of the Rb coil and the Rc coil are finished, the noise removal of the Rb coil and the Rc coil is finished, and when the two coils are used for synthesizing the resistivity signal, the dipole moment scale coefficient is only required to be determined.
1) Instrument and scale ring placement
This step is in full agreement with the voltage geological signal. However, for the determination of the Vxx and Vyy voltage values, the instrument needs to rotate for a circle, the voltage values in different directions are obtained through measurement, and the voltage values are obtained through fitting.
2) Determining formation resistivity
In practice this step may use the formation resistivity values obtained in the phase difference, amplitude ratio scales.
3) Determining dipole moment scale factor
Under the condition of no scale device, measuring VC＝Vxx-(αMVzz+Vyy) So that the amplitude of the signal is given by equation (9), and the α value determined at this time is the dipole moment scaling factor.
Through the analysis, for the calibration process of each channel (one coil pitch and one frequency), two groups of external resistors and capacitors are mainly needed, one group is used for determining the formation resistivity, the capacitor can be zero, and the other group is used for determining the standard instrument response.
Specifically, it states that: the above-mentioned contents are only for explaining the technical idea of the structural design of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A calibration device for a logging instrument for remote detection while drilling of electromagnetic wave resistivity is characterized in that: the instrument scale device comprises two elliptic discs, a fixed frame, a limiting rod, a sleeve and a fastening handle, wherein the two elliptic discs are fixedly connected by glass fiber reinforced plastics or other non-metallic materials, and the two graduated discs are elliptic and made of the glass fiber reinforced plastics or other non-metallic materials; the two dials are limited by the glass fiber reinforced plastic connecting rod, and the middle connecting rod hole plays a role in wire passing; the fixing frame is divided into an upper part and a lower part, is made of superhard aluminum, and fixes the dial in the middle through bolts; a polytetrafluoroethylene lining is embedded in the fixed frame; the locking device is arranged at the bottom of the lower scale frame to prevent the scale frame from rotating and falling off; the axial distance between the two elliptic scale plates which are combined into a whole by the connecting rod is fixed to be 1m or other values between 0.8m and 3m and is parallel to each other; the sizes of the short shaft and the long shaft are unchanged, the short shaft and the long shaft are arranged on a fixed frame, and the middle part of the fixed frame is connected with a lead by a connecting rod; the scale ring device slides along the shaft on the instrument.
2. The calibration device for the electromagnetic wave resistivity logging while drilling instrument for the remote detection according to claim 1, wherein: the two elliptic scale discs are respectively provided with a scale ring, the scale rings are made of metal with high conductivity and can be externally connected with a resistor or an inductor to provide the conductivity and the inductor required by a scale system, the scale device support is made of non-metal materials, and the whole scale device is far away from metal objects, high-voltage wires or other electromagnetic equipment.
3. The method for calibrating the logging-while-drilling remote detection electromagnetic wave resistivity logging instrument of the device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the instrument is horizontally placed at a height of 1-10 meters from the ground, and the instrument calibration device is sleeved on the instrument in a penetrating way, in the calibration process, the instrument calibration ring device can form a certain angle relation with each axis of an instrument coordinate system, an included angle position gamma between the normal line of the calibration ring and the z axis of the instrument axis and an included angle position theta between the normal line of the calibration ring and the x axis are defined, the instrument can rotate on a support, namely signals in different directions can be measured, the calibration ring can also rotate around the instrument, and therefore the coupling direction of the calibration ring and the instrument is adjusted.
4. The method for calibrating the electromagnetic wave resistivity logging instrument while drilling according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and according to the calibration process, measuring and determining relevant parameters of the instrument such as a voltage calibration coefficient, a dipole moment calibration coefficient, a phase difference and amplitude ratio signal calibration coefficient and the like, and further determining the single relation between the amplitude of the voltage geological signal and the formation resistivity.
5. The method for calibrating the electromagnetic wave resistivity logging instrument while drilling according to claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method for determining the scale orientation of the instrument comprises the steps of placing the instrument on a scale table, keeping a z' -axis unchanged, rotating the instrument, measuring a voltage geological signal to obtain a sine curve, fitting to obtain a maximum value, a minimum value, an average value b0 (b 0 needs to be subtracted from subsequent measurement results) and an orientation corresponding to b0 (the orientation is the y direction theoretically), wherein the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value is a geological signal generated on the ground, and the maximum value and the minimum value are required to appear in the orientations of a receiving coil of the instrument pointing to the ground and facing away from the ground.
6. The method for calibrating the electromagnetic wave resistivity logging instrument while drilling according to claim 3, wherein the detailed procedures and related parameters of the voltage scale coefficient, the dipole moment scale coefficient, the phase difference and amplitude ratio signal scale coefficient are determined, the method for determining the formation resistivity is to place the scale ring on the instrument, the center of the scale ring passes through the instrument shaft, the instrument points to the y-direction, the scale ring is rotated, the voltage geological signal is measured, at the moment, a sine curve can be obtained, the position corresponding to the maximum value of the curve is set for the scale ring, the scale ring is oriented to the y-direction and is unchanged, the scale device is pulled to move on the instrument shaft, and the curve relationship shown in the attached drawing 10 can be measured.
7. The method for scaling the resistivity logging instrument while drilling for remotely detecting the electromagnetic waves is characterized in that the detailed procedures and related parameters of the voltage scale coefficient, the dipole moment scale coefficient, the phase difference and amplitude ratio signal scale coefficient are determined, the method for determining the voltage scale coefficient is to adjust the external resistor and the inductor of the scale ring again, voltage geological signals under different resistance and inductance conditions are obtained through measurement, the voltage geological signals are compared with theoretical calculation signals, the voltage correction coefficient of the voltage geological signals can be obtained, and different connected resistors and capacitance values are shown in the table 2.
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| CN116953796A (en) * | 2023-09-21 | 2023-10-27 | 中石化经纬有限公司 | Deep-ground deep-sea sound wave far-detection underground transmitting and receiving compensation method, device and system |
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