CN111502610B - Mechanical vibration damper for perforating section pipe column - Google Patents

Mechanical vibration damper for perforating section pipe column Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111502610B
CN111502610B CN202010471980.9A CN202010471980A CN111502610B CN 111502610 B CN111502610 B CN 111502610B CN 202010471980 A CN202010471980 A CN 202010471980A CN 111502610 B CN111502610 B CN 111502610B
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China
Prior art keywords
telescopic oil
oil pipe
end cover
cavity
anchor body
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CN202010471980.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN111502610A (en
Inventor
程嘉瑞
李明飞
窦益华
曹银萍
崔璐
郑杰
刘银磊
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Shaanxi Huabo Hengxin Energy Technology Co ltd
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Xian Shiyou University
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Publication of CN111502610A publication Critical patent/CN111502610A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/119Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction
    • E21B43/1195Replacement of drilling mud; decrease of undesirable shock waves
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/02Couplings; joints
    • E21B17/04Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
    • E21B17/07Telescoping joints for varying drill string lengths; Shock absorbers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

A mechanical shock absorber for tubular column in perforating section is prepared as setting tubular anchor body in sleeve, setting hydraulic anchor mechanism on wall of anchor body, setting upper telescopic oil tube in anchor body, sleeving the first damping spring on upper section of upper telescopic oil tube, connecting wedge-shaped block matched with hydraulic anchor mechanism on the first damping spring, processing the first through hole on tail tube wall of upper telescopic oil tube, connecting upper telescopic oil tube to cavity of anchor body through the first through hole, setting hydraulic cylinder at tail end of upper telescopic oil tube, connecting piston rod of hydraulic cylinder to end cover of lower oil tube, setting lower telescopic oil tube on end cover of lower oil tube, processing the second through hole on upper tube wall of lower telescopic oil tube and boss on middle part of lower telescopic oil tube, processing sealing step on inner wall of tubular stop end cover, connecting stop end cover to boss of lower telescopic oil tube to make sealing step be tightly contacted with boss of lower telescopic oil tube, fixing upper end of stop end cover to tail of anchor body, the lower telescopic oil pipe is communicated with the anchor body and the cavity of the anti-falling end cover through the second through hole.

Description

Mechanical vibration damper for perforating section pipe column
Technical Field
The invention belongs to equipment for extracting oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable substances or mineral substances from a well, and particularly relates to a mechanical shock absorber for a perforated pipe column.
Background
Perforation is an operation that a special energy-gathering material enters a preset horizon of a borehole to perform explosion perforation to allow fluid in underground strata to enter the perforation, and is generally applied to oil-gas fields and coal fields. In the perforation process, perforating guns are connected in series in an oil pipe, pressure generated by perforation can be transmitted along the oil pipe, the oil pipe can be deformed, an instrument fails, and the petroleum and natural gas exploitation safety is seriously affected. Aiming at the problem of pressure transmission in an oil pipe in the perforation process, a device capable of absorbing high load in a short time is needed, the pressure transmission is slowed down, and the safety of a pipe column and an upper end instrument is protected.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the mechanical shock absorber for the tubular column at the perforation section, which has the advantages of reasonable design, simple operation, short-time absorption of high load, pressure transmission alleviation and safety protection of the tubular column and an upper end instrument.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows: a tubular anchor body is arranged in the sleeve, an inner hole of the anchor body is sequentially connected with a connecting hole g, a first mounting hole h, a conical hole j and a second mounting hole k, the aperture of the first mounting hole h is smaller than that of the second mounting hole k, a hydraulic anchor mechanism is arranged on the conical hole wall of the anchor body, an upper telescopic oil pipe is arranged in the anchor body, the outer diameter of the upper section of the upper telescopic oil pipe is the same as the inner diameter of the first mounting hole h of the anchor body, the outer diameter of the middle section of the upper telescopic oil pipe is the same as the inner diameter of the second mounting hole k of the anchor body, the tail section of the upper telescopic oil pipe is of a conical structure, a first damping spring is sleeved on the upper section of the upper telescopic oil pipe, a wedge-shaped block matched with the hydraulic anchor mechanism is connected on the first damping spring, a first through hole a is processed on the pipe wall of the tail section of the upper telescopic oil pipe, the upper telescopic oil pipe is communicated with the cavity of the anchor body through the first through hole a, a hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the tail end of the upper telescopic oil pipe, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected with an end cover of a lower oil pipe, a lower telescopic oil pipe is arranged on the end cover, the upper pipe wall of the lower telescopic oil pipe is provided with a second through hole b, the middle part of the lower telescopic oil pipe is provided with a boss, the inner wall of the tubular falling-stopping end cover is provided with a sealing step, the falling-stopping end cover is sleeved on the lower telescopic oil pipe to enable the sealing step to be tightly attached and sealed with the boss of the lower telescopic oil pipe, the upper end of the falling-stopping end cover is fixedly connected with the tail part of the anchor body, and the lower telescopic oil pipe is communicated with the cavity of the anchor body and the cavity of the falling-stopping end cover through the second through hole b.
As a preferred technical scheme, 3 evenly distributed hydraulic anchor mechanisms are arranged on the conical hole wall of the anchor body along the circumferential direction.
As a preferred technical solution, the hydraulic anchor mechanism: the bottom end face of the cylindrical anchor fluke is an inclined plane, a groove d is axially machined in the middle of the upper end face, a through groove c is radially machined in the upper end face, a second damping spring is arranged in the groove d of the anchor fluke, a gland is arranged in the through groove c, the width of the gland is equal to the width of the through groove c, the thickness of the gland is smaller than the depth of the through groove c, and the length of the gland is larger than the outer diameter of the anchor fluke.
As a preferable technical scheme, the upper end surface of the fluke is serrated.
As a preferred technical solution, the hydraulic cylinder is: the hydraulic cylinder is characterized in that an annular partition plate is arranged in the cylinder barrel and divides an inner cavity of the cylinder barrel into a lower cavity and an upper cavity, a damper and a third damping spring are arranged in the lower cavity, a piston is arranged on a piston rod in the upper cavity, two one-way damping valves in opposite directions are arranged in the piston, a cavity between the piston and the damper is a lower hydraulic cavity e, an upper end cover of the hydraulic cylinder is sleeved on the piston rod and is fixedly connected with the upper end of the cylinder barrel, a cavity between an upper end cover of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston is an upper hydraulic cavity f, hydraulic oil is filled in the upper hydraulic cavity f and the lower hydraulic cavity e, and a lower end cover of the hydraulic cylinder is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder barrel.
As a preferred technical scheme, a second sealing ring is arranged between the upper end cover of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod.
As a preferred technical scheme, a sealing ring is arranged between the upper telescopic oil pipe and the anchor body, and a sealing ring is arranged between the lower telescopic oil pipe and the falling-stopping end cover.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the oil pipe shock absorption device is used as a shock absorption device of an oil pipe at a perforation section, forms multi-stage shock absorption by utilizing a multi-stage energy absorption principle, reasonably arranges the motion relation of a movable part and a static part, achieves the aim of buffering perforation load, has the functions of central overflowing and radial positioning, can effectively protect the upper end oil pipe and a tool during perforation, and can be used as a part of a production string. Therefore, the successful application of the invention can provide better guarantee for the production safety of oil and gas wells.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the anchor body 1 in fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the hydraulic anchor mechanism 3.
Fig. 5 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 4.
Figure 6 is a schematic view of the structure of fluke 3-3 in figure 4.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the operation state of the hydraulic anchor mechanism 3
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the hydraulic cylinder 7.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the operation of the first one-way damping valve 7-6 and the second one-way damping valve 7-10 when the piston rod 7-8 is pressurized.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the operation of the first one-way damping valve 7-6 and the second one-way damping valve 7-10 when the piston rod 7-8 is pulled.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below.
In fig. 1, 2 and 3, the mechanical shock absorber for a perforated pipe string in this embodiment is formed by connecting an anchor body 1, a first seal ring 2, a hydraulic anchor mechanism 3, a wedge-shaped block 4, a first damping spring 5, an upper telescopic oil pipe 6, a hydraulic cylinder 7, a drop-stopping end cover 8, a lower oil pipe end cover 9, a lower telescopic oil pipe 10 and a casing pipe 11.
A tubular anchor body 1 is arranged in a sleeve 11, a circular space is arranged between the sleeve 11 and the anchor body 1, an inner hole of the anchor body 1 is formed by sequentially connecting a connecting hole g, a first mounting hole h, a conical hole j and a second mounting hole k, the connecting hole g is used for connecting the anchor body 1 with an upper device, the aperture of the first mounting hole h is smaller than that of the second mounting hole k, 3 hydraulic anchor mechanisms 3 which are uniformly distributed are arranged on the conical hole wall of the anchor body 1 along the circumferential direction, an upper telescopic oil pipe 6 is arranged in the anchor body 1, the outer diameter of the upper section of the upper telescopic oil pipe 6 is the same as the inner diameter of the first mounting hole h of the anchor body 1, the outer diameter of the middle section is the same as the inner diameter of the second mounting hole k of the anchor body 1, the tail section is of a conical structure, a first damping spring 5 is sleeved on the root of the upper section of the upper telescopic oil pipe 6, a wedge block 4 matched with the hydraulic anchor mechanism 3 is connected on the first damping spring 5, and the contact surface of the wedge block 4 and the upper telescopic oil pipe 6 is a cambered surface, when the first damping spring 5 is compressed to push the wedge block 4 to move forwards, the hydraulic anchor mechanism 3 is extruded to move along the radial direction of the anchor body 1, a first sealing ring 2 is arranged between the upper section and the middle section of the upper telescopic oil pipe 6 and the anchor body 1 to prevent liquid from flowing back into a cavity where the first damping spring 5 and the wedge block 4 are arranged, a first through hole a is processed on the pipe wall of the tail section of the upper telescopic oil pipe 6, the upper telescopic oil pipe 6 is communicated with the cavity of the anchor body 1 through the first through hole a, a hydraulic cylinder 7 is arranged at the tail end of the upper telescopic oil pipe 6, a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 7 is fixedly connected with a lower oil pipe end cover 9, a lower telescopic oil pipe 10 is arranged on the lower oil pipe end cover 9, a second through hole b is processed on the pipe wall of the upper part of the lower telescopic oil pipe 10, a boss is processed in the middle part, a sealing step is processed on the inner wall of the tubular falling-stopping end cover 8, the falling-stopping end cover 8 is sleeved on the lower telescopic oil pipe 10 to enable the sealing step to be tightly sealed with the boss of the lower telescopic oil pipe 10, a first sealing ring 2 is arranged between a boss of a lower telescopic oil pipe 10 and a falling-stopping end cover 8, the upper end of the falling-stopping end cover 8 is in threaded fastening connection with the tail of an anchor body 1, the lower telescopic oil pipe 10 is communicated with cavities of the anchor body 1 and the falling-stopping end cover 8 through a second through hole b, and fluid in a downhole stratum enters the lower telescopic oil pipe 10, enters the cavities of the anchor body 1 and the falling-stopping end cover 8 from the second through hole b and then enters an upper telescopic oil pipe 6 from a first through hole a on the upper telescopic oil pipe 6.
In fig. 4, 5 and 6, the hydraulic anchor mechanism 3 of the present embodiment is formed by connecting a fluke 3-3, a second damping spring 3-2 and a gland 3-1. The bottom end face of the cylindrical anchor fluke 3-3 is an inclined plane, the upper end face is a sawtooth shape, a groove d is axially processed in the middle of the upper end face, a through groove c is radially processed on the upper end face, a second damping spring 3-2 is installed in the groove d of the anchor fluke 3-3, a gland 3-1 is installed in the through groove c, the width of the gland 3-1 is equal to the width of the through groove c, the thickness of the gland is smaller than the depth of the through groove c, and the length of the gland is larger than the outer diameter of the anchor fluke 3-3, the gland 3-1 is used for fixedly installing the anchor fluke 3-3 on the anchor body 1, when the first damping spring 5 is compressed, the wedge block 4 is pushed to move forwards, the wedge block 4 extrudes the anchor fluke 3-3, the anchor fluke 3-3 moves radially along the anchor body 1 and extends out of the anchor body 1 to grab the inner wall of the sleeve 11, as shown in figure 7.
In fig. 8, the hydraulic cylinder 7 of the embodiment is formed by connecting a lower end cover 7-1 of the hydraulic cylinder, a cylinder barrel 7-2, a third damping spring 7-3, a damper 7-4, a piston 7-5, a first one-way damping valve 7-6, an upper end cover 7-7 of the hydraulic cylinder, a piston rod 7-8, a second sealing ring 7-9 and a second one-way damping valve 7-10.
An annular partition plate is processed in the cylinder barrel 7-2 to divide an inner cavity of the cylinder barrel 7-2 into a lower cavity and an upper cavity, a damper 7-4 and a third damping spring 7-3 are installed in the lower cavity, a piston 7-5 is fixedly installed on a piston rod 7-8 in the upper cavity through a threaded fastening connecting piece, a first one-way damping valve 7-6 and a second one-way damping valve 7-10 which are opposite in direction are installed in the piston 7-5, a cavity between the piston 7-5 and the damper 7-4 is a lower hydraulic cavity e, an upper end cover 7-7 of a hydraulic cylinder is sleeved on the piston rod 7-8 and is fixedly connected with the upper end of the cylinder barrel 7-2, a second sealing ring 7-9 is installed between the upper end cover 7-7 of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod 7-8, a cavity between the upper end cover 7-7 of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston 7-5 is an upper hydraulic cavity f, hydraulic oil is filled in the upper hydraulic cavity f and the lower hydraulic cavity e, and a hydraulic cylinder lower end cover 7-1 is arranged at the lower end of the cylinder barrel 7-2.
When the piston rod 7-8 is impacted by fluid load in the lower telescopic oil pipe 10, the piston 7-5 moves upwards, the hydraulic oil in the lower hydraulic cavity e is compressed by the piston 7-5, the hydraulic oil passes through the first one-way damping valve 7-6 on the piston 7-5, a damping force opposite to the direction of fluid impact force is generated in the process, and therefore a primary damping and buffering effect is achieved, as shown in figure 9, when the piston rod 7-8 moves downwards, the piston 7-5 can extrude the hydraulic oil in the upper hydraulic cavity f, the hydraulic oil passes through the second one-way damping valve 7-10 on the piston 7-5 to generate a damping force opposite to the stretching direction, as shown in figure 10, when the piston 7-5 moves upwards, the pressure in the lower hydraulic cavity e is increased, the flow of the hydraulic oil passing through the first one-way damping valve 7-6 is limited, and when the flow of the hydraulic oil passing through the first one-way damping valve 7-6 is smaller than the flow of the movement reduction of the piston 7-5, the pressure of the upper hydraulic cavity f can compress the damper 7-4 and the third damping spring 7-3 to generate certain compensation damping force for secondary damping; meanwhile, the axial load is transmitted to the upper telescopic oil pipe 6 through the lower end cover 7-1 of the hydraulic cylinder, and the first damping spring 5 is compressed to perform three-stage damping; when the stress of the first damping spring 5 is transmitted to the wedge-shaped block 4, the wedge-shaped block 4 is pushed to move forwards, the wedge-shaped block 4 extrudes the flukes 3-3, the flukes 3-3 move along the radial direction of the anchor body 1 and extend out of the anchor body 1 to grab on the inner wall of the sleeve 11, four-stage damping is performed by utilizing the contact force between the flukes 3-3 and the sleeve 11 as the sleeve 11 is fixed on the ground, and after the flukes bite the inner wall of the sleeve, the subsequent load can be weakened in primary, secondary and tertiary damping. The invention utilizes the multi-stage energy absorption principle to form multi-stage shock absorption, reasonably arranges the motion relation of a moving part and a static part, achieves the aim of buffering perforation load, has the functions of central overflowing and radial positioning, can effectively protect an upper end oil pipe and a tool during perforation, and can be used as a part of a production string. Therefore, the successful application of the invention can provide better guarantee for the production safety of oil and gas wells.

Claims (7)

1. A mechanical shock absorber of a perforation section tubular column is characterized in that: a tubular anchor body (1) is arranged in the sleeve (11), the inner hole of the anchor body (1) is sequentially connected with a connecting hole (g), a first mounting hole (h), a conical hole (j) and a second mounting hole (k), the aperture of the first mounting hole (h) is smaller than that of the second mounting hole (k), a hydraulic anchor mechanism (3) is arranged on the conical hole wall of the anchor body (1), an upper telescopic oil pipe (6) is arranged in the anchor body (1), the outer diameter of the upper section of the upper telescopic oil pipe (6) is the same as that of the first mounting hole (h) of the anchor body (1), the outer diameter of the middle section is the same as that of the second mounting hole (k) of the anchor body (1), the tail section is of a conical structure, a first damping spring (5) is sleeved on the upper section of the upper telescopic oil pipe (6), a wedge block (4) matched with the hydraulic anchor mechanism (3) is connected on the first damping spring (5), a first through hole (a) is processed on the pipe wall of the tail section of the upper telescopic oil pipe (6), the upper telescopic oil pipe (6) is communicated with the cavity of the anchor body (1) through a first through hole (a), the tail end of the upper telescopic oil pipe (6) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder (7), a piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (7) is fixedly connected with a lower oil pipe end cover (9), a lower telescopic oil pipe (10) is arranged on the lower oil pipe end cover (9), a second through hole (b) is processed on the upper pipe wall of the lower telescopic oil pipe (10), a boss is arranged in the middle of the lower telescopic oil pipe (10), a sealing step is processed on the inner wall of a tubular falling-stopping end cover (8), the falling-stopping end cover (8) is sleeved on the lower telescopic oil pipe (10) to enable the sealing step to be tightly attached to and sealed with the boss of the lower telescopic oil pipe (10), the upper end of the falling-stopping end cover (8) is fixedly connected with the tail of the anchor body (1), and the lower telescopic oil pipe (10) is communicated with the cavity of the anchor body (1) and the falling-stopping end cover (8) through the second through hole (b).
2. A perforated section string mechanical shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein: the anchor body (1) toper pore wall be provided with 3 evenly distributed's hydraulic anchor mechanism (3) along the circumferencial direction.
3. A perforated string mechanical shock absorber according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydraulic anchor mechanism (3): the bottom end face of the cylindrical anchor fluke (3-3) is an inclined plane, a groove (d) is axially machined in the middle of the upper end face, a through groove (c) is radially machined in the upper end face, a second damping spring (3-2) is arranged in the groove (d) of the anchor fluke (3-3), a gland (3-1) is arranged in the through groove (c), the width of the gland (3-1) is equal to the width of the through groove (c), the thickness of the gland is smaller than the depth of the through groove (c), and the length of the gland is larger than the outer diameter of the anchor fluke (3-3).
4. A perforated section string mechanical shock absorber according to claim 3, wherein: the upper end surface of the anchor fluke (3-3) is in a sawtooth shape.
5. A perforated string mechanical shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that said hydraulic cylinder (7) is: an annular partition plate is arranged in the cylinder barrel (7-2) to divide an inner cavity of the cylinder barrel (7-2) into a lower cavity and an upper cavity, a damper (7-4) and a third damping spring (7-3) are arranged in the lower cavity, a piston (7-5) is arranged on a piston rod (7-8) in the upper cavity, two one-way damping valves in opposite directions are arranged in the piston (7-5), a cavity between the piston (7-5) and the damper (7-4) is a lower hydraulic cavity (e), an upper end cover (7-7) of a hydraulic cylinder is sleeved on the piston rod (7-8) and is fixedly connected with the upper end of the cylinder barrel (7-2), a cavity between the upper end cover (7-7) of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston (7-5) is an upper hydraulic cavity (f), and hydraulic oil is filled in the upper hydraulic cavity (f) and the lower hydraulic cavity (e), the lower end of the cylinder barrel (7-2) is provided with a hydraulic cylinder lower end cover (7-1).
6. The perforated section string mechanical shock absorber of claim 5, wherein: and a second sealing ring (7-9) is arranged between the upper end cover (7-7) of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston rod (7-8).
7. A perforated section string mechanical shock absorber according to claim 1, wherein: a first sealing ring is arranged between the upper telescopic oil pipe (6) and the anchor body (1), and a first sealing ring is arranged between the lower telescopic oil pipe (10) and the falling-stopping end cover (8).
CN202010471980.9A 2020-05-29 2020-05-29 Mechanical vibration damper for perforating section pipe column Active CN111502610B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010471980.9A CN111502610B (en) 2020-05-29 2020-05-29 Mechanical vibration damper for perforating section pipe column

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010471980.9A CN111502610B (en) 2020-05-29 2020-05-29 Mechanical vibration damper for perforating section pipe column

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CN111502610A CN111502610A (en) 2020-08-07
CN111502610B true CN111502610B (en) 2021-11-30

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US5301755A (en) * 1993-03-11 1994-04-12 Halliburton Company Air chamber actuator for a perforating gun
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EP0174119A2 (en) * 1984-09-04 1986-03-12 General Motors Corporation Hydraulic damping unit
US5301755A (en) * 1993-03-11 1994-04-12 Halliburton Company Air chamber actuator for a perforating gun
US6109355A (en) * 1998-07-23 2000-08-29 Pes Limited Tool string shock absorber
US20040140090A1 (en) * 2001-05-03 2004-07-22 Mason Guy Harvey Shock absorber
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CN204327016U (en) * 2014-11-11 2015-05-13 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Hydraulic anchor
CN106368635A (en) * 2015-07-24 2017-02-01 天津统晟石油科技有限公司 Novel open hole anchor
CN105888625A (en) * 2016-06-22 2016-08-24 西安石油大学 Piston-spring type perforating gun expansion prevention and protection device
CN207048748U (en) * 2017-06-26 2018-02-27 西安石油大学 A kind of perforation tubular column protection device of porous type hydraulic cushion

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爆轰与聚能射流下射孔枪和套管的应力强度耦合仿真分析;曹银萍等;《石油钻采工艺》;20190731;第41卷(第04期);第480-488页 *

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