CN111502602A - Natural gas hydrate gas layer commingled production pipe column and method - Google Patents
Natural gas hydrate gas layer commingled production pipe column and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111502602A CN111502602A CN202010325564.8A CN202010325564A CN111502602A CN 111502602 A CN111502602 A CN 111502602A CN 202010325564 A CN202010325564 A CN 202010325564A CN 111502602 A CN111502602 A CN 111502602A
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- gas
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/01—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells specially adapted for obtaining from underwater installations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/122—Multiple string packers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/34—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well
- E21B43/38—Arrangements for separating materials produced by the well in the well
Abstract
The invention relates to a gas layer commingled production string and a method for natural gas hydrate, comprising the following steps: the well completion casing, the sand-proof packer pipe and the production pipe string are coaxially arranged from outside to inside; the sand prevention packer pipe comprises a top packer, an isolation packer and a bottom packer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the top packer, the isolation packer and the bottom packer are connected through a sieve tube; the production string comprises a hydrate interval oil pipe, a gas-liquid separator, a liquid discharge pipe and an exhaust pipe, wherein the hydrate interval oil pipe is arranged between the top packer and the isolation packer; the gas-layer oil pipe is arranged between the isolation packer and the bottom packer, the hydrate-layer oil pipe is communicated with the gas-layer oil pipe, the hydrate-layer oil pipe is connected with the gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator separates collected gas from liquid, the gas is collected from the exhaust pipe, and the liquid is collected through the liquid discharge pipe. The problems that the single-well natural gas collection efficiency is low and the input-output ratio is low are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gas layer combined production pipe column and a method for natural gas hydrate, and belongs to the technical field of natural gas exploitation.
Background
Combustible ice, known as natural gas hydrate, is a crystalline hydrate formed by combining natural gas and liquid at a certain temperature and pressure, is widely distributed in permafrost and deep sea sediments in land areas, and the reserve of combustible ice on the earth is about 2 × 1016m3128 times the remaining natural gas reserves, and the total organic carbon resources amount to 2 times the carbon content of coal, oil and natural gas known globally. Because of abundant storage, research and exploration of natural gas hydrate have been carried out in a plurality of countries and regions around the world, but only a few countries including China have been studied in the aspect of hydrate trial production.
In the prior art, the structure of a tubular column for collecting natural gas hydrate is different from that of a tubular column for collecting natural gas in a gas layer, and the natural gas hydrate and the natural gas in the gas layer cannot be collected simultaneously, so that the gas production of a single well in the prior hydrate pilot production is not very high, and the maximum daily gas production is only 2.5x104m3The input-output ratio is low and the cost is high. Cost has become a major problem limiting the practical application of natural gas hydrates.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a natural gas hydrate gas layer combined production string and a method thereof, so as to solve the problems of low single-well natural gas collection efficiency and low input-output ratio caused by the fact that the natural gas in the current natural gas hydrate and the natural gas in the gas layer can not be collected simultaneously.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a natural gas hydrate and gas production string, comprising: the well completion casing, the sand-proof packer pipe and the production pipe string are coaxially arranged from outside to inside; the sand prevention packer pipe comprises a top packer, an isolation packer and a bottom packer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the top packer, the isolation packer and the bottom packer are connected through a sieve tube; the production string comprises a hydrate interval oil pipe, a gas-liquid separator, a liquid discharge pipe and an exhaust pipe, wherein the hydrate interval oil pipe is arranged between the top packer and the isolation packer; the gas-layer oil pipe is arranged between the isolation packer and the bottom packer, the hydrate-layer oil pipe is communicated with the gas-layer oil pipe, the hydrate-layer oil pipe is connected with the gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator separates collected gas from liquid, the gas is collected from the exhaust pipe, and the liquid is collected through the liquid discharge pipe.
Further, a canning system is arranged between the gas-liquid separator and the liquid discharge pipe in the production string, a pump set is arranged in the canning system, and the pump set is used for pressurizing liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator so as to be discharged from the liquid discharge pipe and collected.
Furthermore, an annular clearance space is formed between the outer wall of the canning system and the inner wall of the well completion sleeve, the annular clearance space is connected with the gas-liquid separator and the exhaust pipe and used for exhausting gas separated by the gas-liquid separator, and the exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the well completion sleeve.
Furthermore, intelligent sleeves are arranged on the hydrate layer oil pipe and the gas layer oil pipe and connected with an upper computer through transmission cables.
Further, the intelligent sleeve comprises a temperature and pressure sensor and a valve.
Further, a first sealing element is arranged at a position of the production string corresponding to the top packer; and a second sealing element is arranged at the position of the production string corresponding to the isolation packer.
Furthermore, the bottom of the production pipe column is provided with a guide shoe.
The invention also discloses a natural gas hydrate and gas layer mining method, which adopts any one of the natural gas hydrate and gas layer mining pipe column and comprises the following steps: s1, collecting natural gas of the gas layer according to the pressure of the gas layer; s2, when the pressure of the gas layer is reduced, the hydrate of the hydrate layer is decomposed, the internal and external pressures of the hydrate layer oil pipe are adjusted until the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrate layer oil pipe are balanced, and the hydrate layer oil pipe is opened to enable the decomposed hydrate to enter the interior of the hydrate layer oil pipe; s3, starting a heater in the hydrate interval oil pipe to enable the heated hydrate and gas to be discharged and produced together; s4 separating gas and liquid through gas-liquid separator, collecting gas through exhaust pipe, and collecting liquid through drain pipe.
Further, in step S4, the operation steps are: gas and liquid drained and extracted from the hydrate layer and the gas layer enter a gas-liquid separator, are subjected to centrifugal and gravity double separation, and the separated gas enters an exhaust pipe through a canning system and an annular gap space of a well completion sleeve pipe and is collected through the exhaust pipe; the separated liquid enters the canning system, the liquid is pressurized through the pump set, and then enters the liquid discharge pipe, and the liquid is collected through the liquid discharge pipe.
Further, the process of adjusting the internal and external pressures of the hydrate interval oil pipe and the gas interval oil pipe in step S2 is as follows: the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrate interval oil pipe and the gas interval oil pipe are detected in real time, when the internal pressure of the hydrate interval oil pipe is higher than the external pressure, a valve of the hydrate interval oil pipe is closed, the opening degree of the valve of the gas interval oil pipe is adjusted simultaneously, and the internal pressure of the gas interval oil pipe is reduced, so that the internal pressure of the hydrate interval oil pipe is reduced, and the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrate interval oil pipe are basically the same.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1. through the combination of the completion casing, the sand-proof packer pipe and the production pipe column which are coaxially arranged from outside to inside, the hydrate layer and the gas layer are produced simultaneously, interference cannot be generated among the layers, and therefore the high yield of a single well is achieved.
2. The underground separation adopts a gas separator, so that the separation of liquid production and gas production in the underground is realized, the influence of gas on the pump set is solved, and the normal operation of the pump set is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas hydrate gas formation commingled production string in an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-completion casing; 2-sand prevention isolation pipe; 21-top packer; 22-isolation packer; 23-bottom packer; 24-a screen; 3-producing the tubular column; 31-hydrate interval tubing; 32-gas zone section oil pipe; 33-a gas-liquid separator; 34-a drain pipe; 35-an exhaust pipe; 36-a canning system; 37-a pump group; 4-a heater; 5-a cable; 6-a first seal; 7-a second seal; 8-subsea trees; 9-intelligent sliding sleeves; 10-guide shoe.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail by way of specific embodiments in order to better understand the technical direction of the present invention for those skilled in the art. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description is provided for a better understanding of the invention only and that they should not be taken as limiting the invention. In describing the present invention, it is to be understood that the terminology used is for the purpose of description only and is not intended to be indicative or implied of relative importance.
Example one
In the embodiment, the natural gas hydrate and gas layer combined production pipe column, as shown in fig. 1, includes three pipe columns nested with each other. The three pipe columns are a well completion casing 1, a sand prevention packing pipe 2 and a production pipe column 3 which are coaxially arranged from outside to inside.
The sand prevention packer pipe 2 comprises a top packer 21, an isolation packer 22 and a bottom packer 23 which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the top packer 21, isolation packer 22 and bottom packer 23 are connected by a screen 24. The above-below relation here means that the position with high altitude is the upper position, and the position with low altitude is the lower position, and for the well in this application, sea water, a mud layer on the seabed, a hydrate layer, and a gas layer are passed in this order from top to bottom. Wherein the top packer 21, the isolation packer 22 and the bottom packer 23 are used to separate the hydrate layer from the gas layer and the screen 24 is used to prevent sand in the hydrate layer and the gas layer from entering the production string 3 for producing hydrate and gas layers.
The production string 3 comprises a hydrate interval oil pipe 31, a gas interval oil pipe 32, a gas-liquid separator 33, a liquid discharge pipe 34 and an exhaust pipe 35, wherein the hydrate interval oil pipe 31 is arranged between the top packer 21 and the isolation packer 22; the gas-layer oil pipe 32 is arranged between the isolation packer 22 and the bottom packer 23, the hydrate-layer oil pipe 31 is communicated with the gas-layer oil pipe 32, the hydrate-layer oil pipe 31 is connected with the gas-liquid separator 33, the gas-liquid separator 33 separates collected gas from liquid, the gas is collected from the exhaust pipe 35, and the liquid is collected through the liquid discharge pipe 34. A canning system 36 is arranged between the gas-liquid separator 33 and the drainage pipe 34 in the production string 3, and a pump unit 37 is arranged in the canning system 36, wherein the pump unit 37 is used for pressurizing the liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator 33 so as to be discharged from the drainage pipe 34 and collected. An annular clearance space exists between the outer wall of the canning system 36 and the inner wall of the completion casing 1, and the annular clearance space is connected with the gas-liquid separator 33 and the exhaust pipe 35 and is used for discharging and collecting gas separated by the gas-liquid separator 33. The exhaust 35 is arranged on top of the completion casing 1. The bottom of the production string 3 is provided with a guide shoe 10. The gas separator realizes the high-efficiency separation of underground gas and liquid, solves the influence of high-content gas flow on the pump unit 37, ensures that the pump unit 37 can stably operate for a long time, and discharges the separated gas to the ground through the exhaust pipe 35; the lifting, discharging and production of the downhole well fluid are realized through the combination of the canning system 36 and the electric pump unit, and the well fluid is discharged to the ground through a fluid discharge pipe. The gas separator in the embodiment adopts a dual design of cyclone and gravity separation, so that the efficient separation of underground gas and liquid can be realized, and the separation efficiency can reach more than 90%. .
In this embodiment, the hydrate interval oil pipe 31 and the gas interval oil pipe 32 are both provided with an intelligent casing 9, and the intelligent casing 9 is connected with an upper computer through a transmission cable. The intelligent sleeve 9 comprises a temperature and pressure sensor and a valve. Wherein the transmission cable is an electrical cable 5. The heater 4 is used for heating the underground medium and the stratum, so that the temperature of the underground medium is increased, secondary generation of hydrate caused by low temperature of natural gas in the oil pipe 31 of the hydrate layer section is avoided, and meanwhile, the stratum can be heated. The temperature and pressure sensor monitors the pressure in the hydrate layer oil pipe 31 and the gas layer oil pipe 32 in real time, sends the temperature and pressure detection results to the upper computer, and controls the opening and closing of the valve and the opening and closing degree of the valve through the upper computer, so that the production layer regulation and control of the hydrate layer and the gas layer are realized, and the interference of the gas layer on the hydrate layer is prevented.
In the embodiment, a first sealing element 6 is arranged at the position of the production string 3 corresponding to the top packer 21; the production string 3 is provided with a second seal 7 in correspondence with the isolation packer 22. The first seal 6 and the second seal 7 are used for fixing the production string 3 and sealing the hydrate interval oil pipe 31 and the gas interval oil pipe 32 to prevent natural gas leakage.
The implementation steps of the tubular column are as follows: after the well drilling is finished, the well completion casing 1 is put into the well completion; and then, carrying out perforation operation on the gas layer, carrying out perforation operation on the hydrate producing layer after the completion, and then putting the production pipe column 3 into the well. The butt joint matching with the top packer 21 is realized through the first sealing element 6, and the butt joint matching of the second sealing element 7 and the isolation packer 22 is realized; after the above steps are completed, the butt joint of the liquid discharge pipe and the exhaust pipe 35 is completed in the underwater Christmas tree 8, and the natural gas and the liquid are collected and processed.
The embodiment can realize safe and reliable exploitation operation of hydrate and gas through the efficient gas separation system and the underground electric heating system, and the tubular column has the characteristics of safe construction, high reliability, strong operability, simple process, convenient construction and the like.
Example two
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment discloses a natural gas hydrate and gas layer mining method, which comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting natural gas of the gas layer according to the pressure of the gas layer;
s2, when the pressure of the gas layer is reduced, the hydrate of the hydrate layer is decomposed, the internal and external pressures of the hydrate layer oil pipe 31 are adjusted until the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrate layer oil pipe 31 are balanced, and the hydrate layer oil pipe 31 is opened to enable the decomposed hydrate to enter the interior of the hydrate layer oil pipe 31;
s3, starting a heater in the hydrate interval oil pipe 31, and discharging and producing the heated hydrate and gas together;
s4 is to separate gas and liquid by the gas-liquid separator 33, collect gas by the gas exhaust pipe, and collect liquid in the hydrate by the liquid discharge pipe.
In the initial stage of production, the pump unit 37 does not operate, the pressure in the gas layer is higher at this moment, the self-spraying production can be carried out through the pressure of the gas layer, and the produced gas is collected through the exhaust pipe 35. Along with the reduction of the pressure in the shaft, the pressure of the local stratum is reduced to be lower than the decomposition pressure of the hydrate, the natural gas hydrate stable structure in the stratum is damaged, the hydrate of the hydrate layer is decomposed, the pressure of the hydrate layer section oil pipe 31 is adjusted, the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrate layer section oil pipe 31 are balanced, the hydrate layer section oil pipe 31 is opened, the decomposed hydrate enters the hydrate layer section oil pipe 31 through the sieve pipe 24, the monitoring of the liquid temperature and the liquid pressure is realized through the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, and the monitored data is transmitted to the upper computer through the temperature and pressure monitoring cable 5. Opening a heater 4 in an oil pipe 31 of a hydrate layer section, heating decomposed hydrate through the heater 4, discharging and extracting the heated hydrate layer together with produced liquid and produced gas of a gas layer, enabling underground liquid and gas to enter a gas-liquid separator 33, performing centrifugal and gravity double separation, enabling the separated gas to enter an exhaust pipe 35 through a canning system 36 and an annular gap space of a well completion sleeve 1, and collecting and processing the gas through the exhaust pipe 35; the separated liquid enters the canning system 36, and is pressurized by the pump unit 37, so that the liquid enters the liquid discharge pipe 34, and is collected and processed by the liquid discharge pipe 34.
The process of adjusting the internal and external pressures of the hydrate interval oil pipe and the gas interval oil pipe in the step S2 is as follows: the hydrate layer is provided with a hydrate layer oil pipe 31, the gas layer is provided with a gas layer oil pipe 32, the monitoring of the external pressure, the internal pressure and the temperature of the hydrate layer oil pipe 31 and the gas layer oil pipe 32 is realized through a cable 5, the pressure of the gas layer is higher than the pressure of the hydrate layer in the production process, so the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrate layer oil pipe 31 are mainly regulated and controlled, when the pressure in the hydrate interval oil pipe 31 is higher than the external pressure, the main control machine closes the valve of the hydrate interval oil pipe 31, thereby preventing the medium in the hydrate interval oil pipe 31 from flowing back to the hydrate layer, the hydrate layer is affected, then the internal pressure of the gas formation section oil pipe 32 is reduced by adjusting the valve opening of the gas formation section oil pipe 32, thereby reducing the internal pressure of the hydrate interval oil pipe 31 and ensuring that the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrate interval oil pipe 31 are basically the same. At the moment, the valve of the hydrate interval oil pipe 31 is opened, the balance of the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrate interval oil pipe 31 is achieved, and the production zone regulation and control of the hydrate layer and the gas layer are realized, so that the hydrate layer and the gas layer are ensured to be exploited simultaneously.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A gas hydrate gas formation commingled production string, comprising: the well completion casing, the sand-proof packer pipe and the production pipe string are coaxially arranged from outside to inside;
the sand prevention packer pipe comprises a top packer, an isolation packer and a bottom packer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the top packer, the isolation packer and the bottom packer are connected through a sieve tube;
the production string comprises a hydrate interval oil pipe, a gas-liquid separator, a liquid discharge pipe and an exhaust pipe, wherein the hydrate interval oil pipe is arranged between the top packer and the isolation packer; the gas-layer oil pipe is arranged between the isolation packer and the bottom packer, the hydrate-layer oil pipe is communicated with the gas-layer oil pipe, the hydrate-layer oil pipe is connected with the gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator separates collected gas from liquid, the gas is collected from the exhaust pipe, and the liquid is collected through the liquid discharge pipe.
2. The gas hydrate gas-stratifying string of claim 1, wherein a canning system is provided in the production string between the gas-liquid separator and the discharge pipe, and wherein a pump set is provided in the canning system for pressurizing the liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator for discharge from the discharge pipe.
3. The natural gas hydrate gas-stratifying production string according to claim 2, wherein an annular clearance space exists between the outer wall of the canning system and the inner wall of the completion casing, the annular clearance space communicates with the gas-liquid separator and an exhaust pipe for exhausting gas separated by the gas-liquid separator, and the exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the completion casing.
4. A natural gas hydrate gas layer commingled production string as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein intelligent casings are arranged on both the hydrate layer section oil pipe and the gas layer section oil pipe, and the intelligent casings are connected with an upper computer through transmission cables.
5. The string of claim 4, wherein the intelligent casing comprises a temperature and pressure sensor and a valve.
6. A natural gas hydrate gas layer commingling production string as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a first sealing element is provided in the production string at a position corresponding to the top packer; and a second sealing element is arranged at the position of the production pipe column corresponding to the isolation packer.
7. A natural gas hydrate gas formation commingled production string as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a guide shoe is provided at the bottom of the production string.
8. A gas hydrate and gas formation production method using the gas hydrate and gas formation production string according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
s1, collecting natural gas of the gas layer according to the pressure of the gas layer;
s2, when the pressure of the gas layer is reduced, the hydrate of the hydrate layer is decomposed, the internal and external pressures of the hydrate layer oil pipe are adjusted until the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrate layer oil pipe are balanced, and the hydrate layer oil pipe is opened to enable the decomposed hydrate to enter the interior of the hydrate layer oil pipe;
s3, starting a heater in the hydrate interval oil pipe, and discharging and producing the heated hydrate and gas together;
and S4, separating gas from liquid through a gas-liquid separator, collecting gas through an exhaust pipe, and collecting liquid in the hydrate through a drain pipe.
9. The method for commingling production of natural gas hydrate gas of claim 8, wherein in step S4, the operation steps are:
gas and liquid drained and extracted from the hydrate layer and the gas layer enter a gas-liquid separator, are subjected to centrifugal and gravity double separation, and the separated gas enters an exhaust pipe through a canning system and an annular gap space of a well completion sleeve pipe and is collected through the exhaust pipe; and the separated liquid enters the canning system, the liquid is pressurized by the pump set, and the liquid enters the liquid discharge pipe and is collected by the liquid discharge pipe.
10. The natural gas hydrate gas formation commingling method according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the step S2 of adjusting the internal and external pressures of the oil pipe of the hydrate interval comprises: and detecting the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrate interval oil pipe and the gas interval oil pipe in real time, closing a valve of the hydrate interval oil pipe when the internal pressure of the hydrate interval oil pipe is higher than the external pressure, and simultaneously adjusting the opening degree of the valve of the gas interval oil pipe to reduce the internal pressure of the gas interval oil pipe, so that the internal pressure of the hydrate interval oil pipe is reduced, and the internal pressure and the external pressure of the hydrate interval oil pipe are basically the same.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010325564.8A CN111502602A (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2020-04-23 | Natural gas hydrate gas layer commingled production pipe column and method |
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| CN202010325564.8A CN111502602A (en) | 2020-04-23 | 2020-04-23 | Natural gas hydrate gas layer commingled production pipe column and method |
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