CN111501714B - Underground water dredging and controlling pipe for ancient site and using method thereof - Google Patents
Underground water dredging and controlling pipe for ancient site and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An underground water dredging and controlling pipe for ancient sites and a using method thereof. In the underground water dredging and controlling pipe of the ancient site, a core pipe is positioned in a casing of the dredging and controlling pipe; two temperature and humidity sensors are respectively fixed at the centers of two ends of the dredging and controlling pipe shell. The pipe wall of the core pipe is in a tooth shape. The two temperature and humidity sensors are respectively bonded on the inner surfaces of the two ends of the core pipe; the temperature and humidity sensor response diameter is R. The connecting wires of the temperature and humidity sensors are distributed along the gap between the outer teeth and the dredging control pipe shell. The invention monitors the underground water of the site and cultural relic genetic protection area in real time, and evacuates the underground water to the surface of the site through the capillary underground water dredging and controlling pipe, thereby providing humidity compensation for the soil body of the site and the cultural relic preservation in the area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cultural relic protection, in particular to a groundwater dredging and controlling pipe for protecting ancient sites in arid and semiarid regions and a using method thereof.
Background
The influence of the water environment on the ancient site mainly comprises the respective and synergistic alternate action of surface water and underground water, wherein in the region where the ancient site exists, dry-wet alternation caused by the rapid evaporation climate characteristics of the underground water and the obvious accelerated deterioration action of soluble salt carried in the evaporation process of the underground water on the ancient site and cultural relic preservation are generated; the corrosion is gradually destroyed in the past for a long time. Therefore, the groundwater treatment of ancient sites becomes a key problem for protecting the ancient sites nowadays. Ancient sites in arid and semiarid regions in northwest of China are mainly urban, tomb and ancient cultural sites, and soil bodies of the ancient sites are directly exposed to the atmospheric environment after excavation, so that researches are mainly focused on materials, methods and action mechanisms for preventing weathering on the surface of the soil bodies and reinforcing the bodies. At present, the treatment method for underground water reported in China mainly adopts a blocking and blocking mode of a water retaining wall, a water-proof gallery, an arch coupon and water pumping and drainage, and the method mainly adopts an idea of isolating or isolating cultural relics from water to realize the control of the humidity of the underground environment of the site on the basis. The publication No. CN104775444B discloses a method for drainage of an archaeological site in a humid environment, which compares the characteristics of underground water treatment of the traditional archaeological site: the water retaining wall has a good blocking effect on the permeation of gravity water, but cannot block the movement of unsaturated water; the water-proof gallery is formed by building two waterproof water-proof layers around the site, and adding ventilation facilities between the two layers to block the permeation of underground water, but the water pressure difference formed inside and outside the water-proof layers can easily make the underground water permeate into the site area from bottom to top from the lower part of the blocking wall, namely the seepage around the dam is formed. The construction and overhaul difficulty of the water retaining wall and the water-proof gallery is high; after the site is integrally erected by the arch coupon, the waterproof and waterproof layers of the arch coupon structure are built at the lower part and the periphery of the soil body of the site to block underground water, so that the underground water blocking effect is good, the stability of the site slope is damaged by construction, the original appearance of the site is greatly influenced, and the cost and the implementation difficulty are high; the pumping and draining method is to directly drill a well on the original soil layer around the site, and actively reduce the groundwater level through water level control, so that the method is suitable for the stratum with better permeability. Compared with the prior art, the method for realizing the control of the humidity of the site underground environment on the basis of the isolation of cultural relics and water has high technical difficulty in actual construction, the water-proof facilities are increased along with the area of the site, the requirements of the arrangement site, the material, the thickness, the special performance and the radiation range of the covering surface of the water-proof facilities are increased along with the design difficulty or the construction technical difficulty and the cost, underground operation in the site protection area range and the control area with large volume threatens the original appearance of the site and the stability of the side slope, and the construction risk is huge. The groundwater observation and monitoring devices disclosed in the utility model patents with the publication numbers CN210089808U, CN210051401U and CN209820583U and in the invention creation of publication number CN102535491A mostly adopt depth or depth temperature and humidity sensors and water level changes for observation. In the technical scheme, only the underground water level is observed, and sampling or analysis research is carried out on the basis. It does not involve dredging and draining groundwater.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an underground water dredging and controlling pipe for an ancient site and a using method thereof, aiming at overcoming the defects that in the prior art, water-proof facilities are used for separating or isolating cultural relics from water, the construction difficulty is high, the cost is increased and the original appearance and the address structure of the ancient site are damaged along with the increase of the area of the site.
The underground water dredging and controlling pipe for ancient sites provided by the invention comprises a dredging and controlling pipe shell, a core pipe and two temperature and humidity sensors. The core pipe is positioned in the dredging and controlling pipe shell; the two temperature and humidity sensors are respectively fixed at the centers of the two ends of the dredging and controlling pipe shell. The tube wall of the core tube is in a tooth shape, and is formed by rolling a pleating sheet which is formed by unfolding and folding superfine glass fiber filter paper to the front and the back to form the same folding fan sector into a cylinder shape, and continuous external teeth and internal teeth are formed by the pleating. Respectively bonding two temperature and humidity sensors to the inner surfaces of two ends of the core pipe, and respectively exposing each temperature and humidity sensor to the end surface of the end of the core pipe by 1 cm; the temperature and humidity sensor response diameter is R. The connecting wires of the temperature and humidity sensors are distributed along the gap between the outer teeth and the dredging control pipe shell. And the temperature and humidity sensor records data through a data acquisition system.
The dredging and controlling pipe shell is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic pipes, and the wall thickness of the shell is 1 mm.
The tube wall of the core tube is formed by rolling a pleating sheet which is formed by unfolding and folding the superfine glass fiber filter paper to form the same folding fan sector into a cylindrical shape, and continuous external teeth and internal teeth are formed by the pleating.
The invention provides a using method of underground water dredging and controlling of an ancient site, which comprises the following specific processes:
exploration is carried out according to geotechnical engineering investigation regulation in GB 50021-2001; obtaining the depth A1 of a capillary water suspension zone according to the change distribution of the water content of the underground water structure; the depth of the middle band is A2; the depth of the capillary water band is A3, and the change value of the change range of the underground water level caused by seasonal climate change of the area where the site is located is delta A3. Namely the groundwater level burial depth a-a 1+ a2+ A3. Wherein: a1 is the depth of capillary water suspension zone; a2 for median band depth; a3 is the depth of the capillary water band, and delta A3 is the change value of the capillary water band A3 after the underground water level changes due to seasonal climate change of the region where the site is located.
Step 2: determining the distribution points of underground water dredging and controlling pipes:
and the point arrangement for determining the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is to determine the point arrangement position for carrying out the underground water dredging and controlling pipe in the historic site protection range area. The historic site protection range area is divided into an earthen site protection area without cultural relics preservation and an earthen site protection area with cultural relics preservation.
The distribution of the determined underground water dredging and controlling pipe adopts a mode of combining square distribution and square distribution, the square distribution is used for boundary layout of a protection area, and the square layout is used for internal layout of a site protection area range. The underground water dredging and controlling pipes are distributed at the cross points and end points of the square shape and the square shape, and the number of the underground water dredging and controlling pipes is not less than 9. When the straight-line distance between the two underground water dredging and controlling pipe distribution points exceeds 2 meters, a new distribution point is added between the two underground water dredging and controlling pipe distribution points at the middle point.
When the cultural relics preservation in the site is separately placed with the underground water dredging and controlling pipes in the mode of arranging points around the outline of the cultural relics preservation in contact with the site in the step 2, specifically, a plurality of underground water dredging and controlling pipes are closely attached to the outline of the cultural relics preservation in contact with the site to be placed around the points, the point arrangement positions and the number of the underground water dredging and controlling pipes are determined by the fact that the response ranges of temperature and humidity sensors at the bottom ends of the underground water dredging and controlling pipes in the outline surrounding layout are not overlapped, and:
when the linear distance between any two cultural relics in the relic protection area is less than or equal to the response diameter R of the adopted temperature and humidity sensor, design sparse control management and distribution points at the middle position of the linear distance.
When the linear distance between any two adjacent cultural relics in the site protection area is greater than the response diameter R of the adopted temperature and humidity sensor, the surrounding distribution points which are close to the outline of the contact between the cultural relics and the site are in a ring layout; and taking the one-ring distribution point as a reference, outwards displacing the temperature and humidity sensor in parallel by a distance which is a multiple of the response diameter R or R of the temperature and humidity sensor to arrange two or more rings of surrounding distribution points, and arranging the surrounding distribution points in the range of the historic site protection area based on the fact that the responses of the temperature and humidity sensors of underground drainage control pipes are not overlapped.
When the distance between any two adjacent underground water dredging and controlling pipes in the site protection area is smaller than the response diameter of the adopted temperature and humidity sensor, only the underground water dredging and controlling pipes surrounding the distribution positions are reserved.
When cultural relics exist in the area of the site protection range, underground water drainage and control pipes need to be arranged in the mode of individually arranging points around the cultural relics existing and the site in contact.
And step 3: c, determining the dredging control pipe distribution point punching and the exploratory hole depth d;
and punching holes at the determined underground water dredging and controlling pipe distribution points for arranging underground water dredging and controlling pipes. And punching holes by adopting a Luoyang shovel with a shovel head diameter of 5-10 cm. Wherein, each dredging and controlling pipe site in the 'meter' -shaped layout is dug by adopting a Luoyang shovel with a shovel head diameter of 5cm to obtain a exploratory hole with a diameter of 5 cm; and (3) digging holes at the dredging and controlling pipe sites in the square-shaped layout by adopting a Luoyang shovel with a shovel head diameter of 10cm to obtain exploratory holes with a diameter of 10 cm.
The specific process of the hole punching is regulated in the national cultural relics office 'archaeological exploration work rules' (trial).
And the depth d of the exploratory hole is based on the underground water level buried depth A obtained in the step 1 and the survey result of the soil aquifer. The depth d of the exploratory hole is to realize that the moisture of the saturated zone 13 is brought to the ground surface through the capillary action of the dredging and controlling pipe, namely d is A1+ A2+ delta A3. Namely, the probe depth d of the arranged underground water dredging and controlling pipe enables the probe of the temperature and humidity sensor at the bottom end of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe to contact the capillary zone, and the moisture of the shallow water layer can be brought to the ground surface through the capillary action of the dredging and controlling pipe. And obtaining the exploratory hole for placing the underground water dredging and controlling pipe, wherein the aperture and the depth of the exploratory hole meet the requirements.
And 4, step 4: determining and placing the length D of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe:
the length D of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is D-1 cm; d is the depth of the exploratory hole;
when the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is placed, the underground water dredging and controlling pipe with the diameter matched with that of each exploratory hole is respectively placed into the exploratory hole, and the temperature and humidity sensor probe at the lower end of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is made to contact the capillary water belt.
And recording data by using a data acquisition system and adopting a modbus protocol, a network structure model, a serial interface and an RS485 connection mode for each temperature and humidity sensor in each underground water dredging and controlling pipe, realizing real-time effective monitoring on the water-humidity change of the atmosphere exposed surface of the site and the underground layer of the site, and providing scientific underground hydrological environment change data for long-term storage of ancient sites through data analysis and comparison.
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a groundwater dredging and controlling method suitable for ancient sites in northwest arid and semiarid regions according to the groundwater capillary lifting action theory. The technical scheme of the invention is mainly based on the characteristic that the soil mass environment evaporation capacity of ancient sites in arid and semiarid regions in northwest is large, the underground water in the genetic protection area range of the sites and the cultural relics thereof is monitored in real time through the underground water dredging and controlling pipe, and is evacuated to the surface of the sites through the capillary underground water dredging and controlling pipe, so that the method for providing humidity compensation for the soil mass of the sites and the cultural relics thereof in the regions is provided.
According to the ancient site protection system, the underground water evacuation and flow guide is realized by arranging the underground water evacuation and flow control pipe in the ancient site protection area to realize the functions of communication and water exchange among atmosphere, surface and underground by the capillary action of lifting the water in the saturated layer below the water level line; meanwhile, temperature and humidity sensors are fixed at two ends of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe, so that water-humidity changes of an exposed surface of the site atmosphere and a bottom layer of the site can be effectively monitored in real time, changes and rules of underground water level can be observed and early-warned conveniently, and scientific hydrological environment change data can be provided for long-term preservation of ancient sites and historical relics.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of different cross-sections of the invention, wherein fig. 2a is a top view of fig. 1, fig. 2B is a view of the cross-section a-a in fig. 1, and fig. 2c is a view of the cross-section B-B in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of groundwater.
In the figure: 1. a dredging control pipe shell; 2. a core tube; 3. a temperature and humidity sensor; 4. the surface of the ancient ruined site; 5. stabilizing the underground water surface; 6. capillary water suspension belt; 7. a middle belt; 8. a capillary water band; 9. the change range of the capillary water band after the change of the underground water level is caused by seasonal climate change of the region.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The embodiment is an earthen site underground water dredging and controlling pipe for non-cultural relics preservation, and the underground water dredging and controlling pipe comprises a dredging and controlling pipe shell 1, a core pipe 2 and two temperature and humidity sensors. The core pipe is positioned in the dredging and controlling pipe shell 1; the two temperature and humidity sensors are respectively fixed at the centers of the two ends of the dredging and controlling pipe shell.
The dredging and controlling pipe shell is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic pipes, and the wall thickness of the shell is 1 mm. The core tube 2 is formed by rolling a pleating sheet which is formed by folding and pressing superfine glass fiber filter paper, the tube wall is toothed, and the pleating sheet is formed by unfolding the superfine glass fiber filter paper and folding the superfine glass fiber filter paper in the positive and negative directions to obtain pleating with the same folding fan sector. After both ends of the ultrafine glass fiber filter paper were bonded, continuous external teeth and internal teeth were formed by the crimping. The core tube is fixed on the inner surface of the dredging control tube shell 1 through the tooth crest of the external teeth. Respectively bonding two temperature and humidity sensors 3 on the inner surfaces of two ends of the core pipe, and respectively exposing each temperature and humidity sensor to the end surface of the end of the core pipe by 1 cm; the temperature and humidity sensor response diameter is R. The connecting wires of the temperature and humidity sensors are distributed along the gap between the outer teeth and the dredging control pipe shell. The temperature and humidity sensor records data through a data acquisition system by adopting a modbus protocol, a network structure model, a serial interface and an RS485 connection mode. In this embodiment, the temperature and humidity sensor is an SHT10 temperature and humidity sensor produced by switzerland, and the temperature and humidity sensor response diameter R is 30 cm.
The glass fiber reinforced plastic pipe adopted by the dredging and controlling pipe shell in the embodiment is formed by taking resin as a matrix and glass fiber as reinforced plastic through a computer-controlled winding process, has strong corrosion resistance, can resist corrosion of acid, alkali, salt, untreated sewage, corrosive soil, underground water and other chemical fluids, and can be used in high-temperature saline-alkali zones; the heat resistance and the freezing resistance are good, and the heat resistance and the freezing resistance are not deformed after long-term use at the temperature of between 50 ℃ below zero and 130 ℃; the transportation and the installation are convenient; the service life is as long as more than 50 years.
Example 2
The embodiment is a use method of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe for an earthen site without cultural relics preservation, and the specific process is as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, the groundwater structure is characterized in that according to geotechnical engineering investigation norm in GB50021-2001, the groundwater table burial depth a is the distance from the ground to the first surveyed stable groundwater table, i.e., the groundwater table, and soil layer particles above the groundwater table attract water in a saturated layer below the groundwater table to rise due to the surface tension of the soil layer particles, thereby forming a capillary water layer. Obtaining the depth A1 of a capillary water suspension zone according to the change distribution of the water content of the underground water structure; the depth of the intermediate band 7 is a 2; the depth of the capillary water band 8 is A3, and the change value of the change range 9 of the underground water level caused by seasonal climate change of the area where the site is located is delta A3. Namely the groundwater level burial depth a-a 1+ a2+ A3. Wherein: a1 is the depth of capillary water suspension zone; a2 for median band depth; a3 is the depth of the capillary water band, and delta A3 is the change value of the capillary water band A3 after the underground water level changes due to seasonal climate change of the region where the site is located.
Step 2: determining the distribution points of underground water dredging and controlling pipes:
and the point arrangement for determining the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is to determine the point arrangement position for carrying out the underground water dredging and controlling pipe in the historic site protection range area.
The earthen site protection area without cultural relics remains adopts a mode of combining square-shaped distribution points and square-shaped distribution points, the square-shaped distribution points are used for boundary layout of the protection area, and the square-shaped layout points are used for internal layout of the site protection area. The underground water dredging and controlling pipes are distributed at the cross points and end points of the square shape and the square shape, and the number of the underground water dredging and controlling pipes is not less than 9.
When the straight-line distance between the two underground water dredging and controlling pipe distribution points exceeds 2 meters, a new distribution point is added between the two underground water dredging and controlling pipe distribution points at the middle point.
And step 3: c, determining the dredging control pipe distribution point punching and the exploratory hole depth d;
and punching holes at the determined underground water dredging and controlling pipe distribution points for arranging underground water dredging and controlling pipes. And punching holes by adopting a Luoyang shovel with a shovel head diameter of 5-10 cm. Wherein, each dredging and controlling pipe site in the 'meter' -shaped layout is dug by adopting a Luoyang shovel with a shovel head diameter of 5cm to obtain a exploratory hole with a diameter of 5 cm; and (3) digging holes at the dredging and controlling pipe sites in the square-shaped layout by adopting a Luoyang shovel with a shovel head diameter of 10cm to obtain exploratory holes with a diameter of 10 cm.
The specific process of the hole punching is regulated in the national cultural relics office 'archaeological exploration work rules' (trial).
And the depth d of the exploratory hole is based on the underground water level buried depth A and the soil aquifer surveying result in the step 1. The depth d of the exploratory hole is to realize that the moisture of the saturated zone 13 is brought to the ground surface through the capillary action of the dredging and controlling pipe, namely d is A1+ A2+ delta A3. Namely, the probe depth d of the arranged underground water dredging and controlling pipe enables the probe of the temperature and humidity sensor at the bottom end of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe to contact the capillary zone, and the moisture of the shallow water layer can be brought to the ground surface through the capillary action of the dredging and controlling pipe. And obtaining the exploratory hole for placing the underground water dredging and controlling pipe, wherein the aperture and the depth of the exploratory hole meet the requirements.
And 4, step 4: determining and placing the length D of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe:
the length D of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is D-1 cm.
When the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is placed, the underground water dredging and controlling pipe with the diameter matched with that of each exploratory hole is respectively placed into the exploratory hole, and the temperature and humidity sensor probe at the lower end of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is made to contact the capillary water belt.
And recording data by using a data acquisition system and adopting a modbus protocol, a network structure model, a serial interface and an RS485 connection mode for each temperature and humidity sensor in each underground water dredging and controlling pipe, realizing real-time effective monitoring on the water-humidity change of the atmosphere exposed surface of the site and the underground layer of the site, and providing scientific underground hydrological environment change data for long-term storage of ancient sites through data analysis and comparison.
Example 3
The embodiment is a use method of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe for earthen sites with cultural relics heritage, and the specific process is as follows:
as shown in the schematic diagram of the groundwater structure in fig. 3, the groundwater table burial depth a is the distance from the ground to the first stabilized groundwater table to be explored according to the geotechnical engineering investigation norm in GB 50021-2001. And the soil layer particles above the underground water line attract and raise the moisture in the saturated layer below the water line to form a capillary water layer under the action of surface tension. The depth A1 of the capillary water suspension zone, the depth A2 of the middle zone and the depth A3 of the capillary water suspension zone are obtained by changing and distributing the water content of the underground water structure. Namely the groundwater level burial depth a-a 1+ a2+ A3. Wherein: a1 is the depth of capillary water suspension zone; a2 for median band depth; a3 is the depth of the capillary water band, and delta A3 is the change value of the capillary water band A3 after the underground water level changes due to seasonal climate change of the region where the site is located.
Step 2: determining the layout of underground water dredging and controlling:
and the point arrangement for determining the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is to determine the point arrangement position for carrying out the underground water dredging and controlling pipe in the historic site protection range area.
The earthen site protection area with cultural relics remains also adopts a mode of combining square-shaped distribution points and square-shaped distribution points, the square-shaped distribution points are used for the boundary layout of the protection area, and the square-shaped distribution points are used for the internal layout of the site protection area range. The underground water dredging and controlling pipes are distributed at the cross points and end points of the square shape and the square shape, and the number of the underground water dredging and controlling pipes is not less than 9.
When the straight-line distance between the two underground water dredging and controlling pipe distribution points exceeds 2 meters, a new distribution point is added between the two underground water dredging and controlling pipe distribution points at the middle point.
Meanwhile, underground water dredging and controlling pipes are arranged for cultural relics in the site in a mode of singly arranging points around the cultural relics in contact with the site. The method comprises the following steps: and arranging a plurality of underground water dredging and controlling pipes close to the outline of the cultural relic and the relic in contact in a surrounding way, wherein the distribution positions and the number of the underground water dredging and controlling pipes are based on that the response ranges of the temperature and humidity sensors at the bottom ends of the underground water dredging and controlling pipes in the surrounding way of the outline are not overlapped.
When the linear distance between any two cultural relics in the relic protection area is less than or equal to the response diameter R of the adopted temperature and humidity sensor, design sparse control management and distribution points at the middle position of the linear distance.
When the linear distance between any two adjacent cultural relics in the historic site protection area is greater than the response diameter R of the adopted temperature and humidity sensor, the distribution points which are tightly attached to and surround the outline of the cultural relics historic site and the historic site in contact are a ring of distribution points; and the two ring distribution points are parallel to the ring distribution point, outwardly displace and arrange the underground water dredging and controlling pipe, and the linear distance between the two ring distribution points and the ring distribution point is the response diameter R of the temperature and humidity sensor.
When the linear distance between any two adjacent cultural relics remains in the site protection area is larger than N times of the response diameter R of the temperature and humidity sensor, continuously outwards displacing and arranging multi-ring distribution points of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe according to the linear distance between the two adjacent cultural relics remains;
the arrangement of surrounding distribution points is within the range of the historic site protection area based on the fact that the responses of temperature and humidity sensors of underground drainage and control pipes are not overlapped.
When the distance between any two adjacent underground water dredging and controlling pipes in the site protection area is smaller than the response diameter of the adopted temperature and humidity sensor, only the underground water dredging and controlling pipes surrounding the distribution positions are reserved.
And step 3: c, determining the dredging control pipe distribution point punching and the exploratory hole depth d;
and punching holes at the determined underground water dredging and controlling pipe distribution points for arranging underground water dredging and controlling pipes. And punching holes by adopting a Luoyang shovel with a shovel head diameter of 5-10 cm. Wherein, each dredging and controlling pipe site in the 'meter' -shaped layout is dug by adopting a Luoyang shovel with a shovel head diameter of 5cm to obtain a exploratory hole with a diameter of 5 cm; and (3) digging holes at the dredging and controlling pipe sites in the square-shaped layout by adopting a Luoyang shovel with a shovel head diameter of 10cm to obtain exploratory holes with a diameter of 10 cm. A Luoyang shovel with a shovel head diameter of 5cm is adopted at the surrounding cloth points of the relic preservation outline, and the diameter of the exploratory hole is 5 cm.
The specific process of the hole punching is regulated in the national cultural relics office 'archaeological exploration work rules' (trial).
And the depth d of the exploratory hole is based on the underground water level buried depth A and the soil aquifer surveying result in the step 1. The depth d of the exploratory hole is to realize that the moisture of the saturated zone 13 is brought to the ground surface through the capillary action of the dredging and controlling pipe, namely d is A1+ A2+ delta A3. Namely, the probe hole depth d of the arranged underground water dredging and controlling pipe enables the probe of the temperature and humidity sensor at the bottom end of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe to contact with the capillary zone, and the shallow water layer moisture can be brought to the ground surface through the capillary action of the dredging and controlling pipe.
And obtaining the exploratory hole for placing the underground water dredging and controlling pipe, wherein the aperture and the depth of the exploratory hole meet the requirements.
And 4, step 4: determining and placing the length D of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe:
the length D of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is D-1 cm.
When the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is placed, the underground water dredging and controlling pipe with the diameter matched with that of each exploratory hole is respectively placed into the exploratory hole, and the temperature and humidity sensor probe at the lower end of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is made to contact the capillary water belt.
And recording data by using a data acquisition system and adopting a modbus protocol, a network structure model, a serial interface and an RS485 connection mode for each temperature and humidity sensor in each underground water dredging and controlling pipe, realizing real-time effective monitoring on the water-humidity change of the site atmosphere exposed surface and the site underground layer, and providing scientific underground hydrological environment change data for long-term preservation of ancient sites through data analysis and comparison.
Claims (4)
1. The use method of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe of the ancient site is characterized in that the underground water dredging and controlling pipe of the ancient site comprises a dredging and controlling pipe shell, a core pipe and two temperature and humidity sensors; the core pipe is positioned in the dredging and controlling pipe shell; the two temperature and humidity sensors are respectively fixed at the centers of the two ends of the dredging and controlling pipe shell; the tube wall of the core tube is in a tooth shape, and is formed by rolling a pleating sheet which is formed by unfolding and folding superfine glass fiber filter paper to the front and back to form a sector with the same folding sector into a cylinder shape, and continuous external teeth and internal teeth are formed by the pleating; respectively bonding two temperature and humidity sensors to the inner surfaces of two ends of the core pipe, and respectively exposing each temperature and humidity sensor to the end surface of the end of the core pipe by 1 cm; the temperature and humidity sensor response diameter is R; the connecting wires of the temperature and humidity sensors are distributed along the gap between the outer teeth and the dredging control pipe shell; the temperature and humidity sensor records data;
the underground water dredging and controlling method using the ancient site comprises the following steps:
step 1, underground water level burial depth and aquifer exploration:
exploration is carried out according to geotechnical engineering investigation regulation in GB 50021-2001; obtaining the depth A1 of a capillary water suspension zone according to the change distribution of the water content of the underground water structure; the depth of the middle band is A2; the depth of the capillary water band is A3, and the change value of the change range of the underground water level caused by seasonal climate change of the area where the site is located is delta A3; namely the underground water level burial depth A is A1+ A2+ A3; wherein: a1 is the depth of capillary water suspension zone; a2 for median band depth; a3 is the depth of the capillary water band, and delta A3 is the change value of the capillary water band A3 after the underground water level changes due to seasonal climate change of the region where the site is located;
step 2: determining the distribution points of underground water dredging and controlling pipes:
the point arrangement for determining the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is to determine the point arrangement position for carrying out the underground water dredging and controlling pipe in the historic site protection range area; the historic site protection range area is divided into an earthen site protection area without cultural relics preservation and an earthen site protection area with cultural relics preservation;
the determined distribution points of the underground water dredging and controlling pipes adopt a mode of combining square distribution points and square distribution points, the square distribution points are used for boundary layout of a protection area, and the square layout is used for internal layout of a site protection area; underground water dredging and controlling pipes are distributed at the cross points and end points of the square shape and the square shape, and the number of the underground water dredging and controlling pipes is not less than 9; when the straight-line distance between two underground water dredging and controlling pipe distribution points exceeds 2 meters, adding a new distribution point at the middle point between the two underground water dredging and controlling pipe distribution points;
when cultural relics exist in the area of the site protection range, underground water dredging and controlling pipes need to be arranged on the cultural relics existing in the site in a mode of independently arranging points around the cultural relics existing and the site;
and step 3: c, determining the dredging control pipe distribution point punching and the exploratory hole depth d;
punching holes at the determined underground water dredging and controlling pipe distribution points for arranging underground water dredging and controlling pipes; digging a hole by using a Luoyang shovel with a shovel head diameter of 5-10 cm; wherein, each dredging and controlling pipe site in the 'meter' -shaped layout is dug by adopting a Luoyang shovel with a shovel head diameter of 5cm to obtain a exploratory hole with a diameter of 5 cm; digging holes at each dredging and controlling pipe site in the square-shaped layout by adopting a Luoyang shovel with a shovel head diameter of 10cm to obtain a exploration hole with a diameter of 10 cm;
the concrete process of the hole punching is regulated in the national cultural relics office 'archaeological exploration work rules' (trial);
the depth d of the exploratory hole is based on the underground water level buried depth A and the soil aquifer surveying result obtained in the step 1; the depth d of the exploratory hole is to bring the moisture of the saturated zone to the ground surface through the capillary action of the dredging and controlling pipe, namely d is A1+ A2+ delta A3; namely, the probe depth d of the arranged underground water dredging and controlling pipe enables the probe of the temperature and humidity sensor at the bottom end of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe to contact the capillary zone, so that the moisture of the shallow water layer can be brought to the ground surface through the capillary action of the dredging and controlling pipe; obtaining a exploratory hole for placing underground water dredging and controlling pipes, wherein the aperture and the depth of the exploratory hole meet the requirements;
and 4, step 4: determining and placing the length D of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe:
the length D of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is D-1 cm; d is the depth of the exploratory hole;
when the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is placed, the underground water dredging and controlling pipe with the diameter matched with that of each exploratory hole is respectively placed into the exploratory hole, and a temperature and humidity sensor probe positioned at the lower end of the underground water dredging and controlling pipe is contacted with the capillary water belt;
and recording data by using a data acquisition system and adopting a modbus protocol, a network structure model, a serial interface and an RS485 connection mode for each temperature and humidity sensor in each underground water dredging and controlling pipe, realizing real-time effective monitoring on the water-humidity change of the atmosphere exposed surface of the site and the underground layer of the site, and providing scientific underground hydrological environment change data for long-term storage of ancient sites through data analysis and comparison.
2. The method for using underground water dredging and controlling pipes of ancient sites according to claim 1, wherein when underground water dredging and controlling pipes are installed in step 2 by independently adopting a profile point arrangement mode surrounding the historical relic and the historical site to be in contact, a plurality of underground water dredging and controlling pipes are specifically installed in a manner of clinging to the profile surrounding points of the historical relic to be in contact with the historical site, the point arrangement positions and the number of the underground water dredging and controlling pipes are based on that the response ranges of temperature and humidity sensors at the bottom ends of the underground water dredging and controlling pipes in the profile surrounding arrangement are not overlapped, and:
when the linear distance between any two cultural relics in the site protection area is smaller than or equal to the response diameter R of the adopted temperature and humidity sensor, designing a dredging and controlling pipe distribution point at the middle position of the linear distance;
when the linear distance between any two adjacent cultural relics in the site protection area is greater than the response diameter R of the adopted temperature and humidity sensor, the surrounding distribution points which are close to the outline of the contact between the cultural relics and the site are in a ring layout; taking the one-ring layout as a reference, arranging two-ring surrounding distribution points or multi-ring surrounding distribution points outwards by parallel displacement of the temperature and humidity sensor response diameter R or multiple times of R, and taking the non-overlapping response of the temperature and humidity sensors of the underground drainage and control pipes as the reference in the historic site protection area range;
when the distance between any two adjacent underground water dredging and controlling pipes in the site protection area is smaller than the response diameter of the adopted temperature and humidity sensor, only the underground water dredging and controlling pipes surrounding the distribution positions are reserved.
3. The method for using the underground water dredging and controlling pipe of the ancient site as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dredging and controlling pipe shell is made of glass fiber reinforced plastic pipe, and the wall thickness of the shell is 1 mm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the wall of the core tube is formed by rolling a pleated sheet, which is formed by unfolding superfine glass fiber filter paper and folding the superfine glass fiber filter paper in the front and back directions to form a fan surface of the same folding fan, into a cylindrical shape, and continuous external teeth and internal teeth are formed by the pleats.
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| JPS60215914A (en) * | 1984-04-11 | 1985-10-29 | Nisshin Chika Kaihatsu Kogyo Kk | Soft ground draining work and multi-faced paper draining material therefor |
| US7011475B2 (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2006-03-14 | Shunta Shiraishi | Method for preventing seismic liquefaction of ground in urbanized area and facilities used in this method |
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