CN111499993A - Preparation method of wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material - Google Patents
Preparation method of wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material Download PDFInfo
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
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- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
- C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
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- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
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- C08J2423/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of plastic floors, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material. The invention firstly takes cotton and flax stems as raw materials, the cotton and flax stems are crushed and then are subjected to oxidation treatment and high-temperature high-pressure treatment to prepare modified cotton and flax fibers, then the modified cotton and flax fibers are soaked in a sodium silicate solution and are subjected to acid reaction to obtain a prefabricated reinforcing material, then the prefabricated reinforcing material is mixed with an ammonium polyphosphate solution for soaking treatment to obtain a self-made reinforcing material, and finally the self-made reinforcing material, polyvinyl chloride, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, silicone-acrylic emulsion, the self-made reinforcing material and other raw materials are mixed and extruded for granulation to finally prepare the wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of plastic floors, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material.
Background
The plastic floor is another name of PVC floor, the main component of which is PVC, and the plastic floor is widely applied to indoor families, hospitals, schools, office buildings, factories, public places, supermarkets, businesses, stadiums and other places due to rich colors and various colors. Although the plastic floor is wide in application range, problems still exist in the using process, for example, the hardness of the composite plastic floor is low, indentation is easy to occur after long-time use, the surface of the plastic floor is uneven, the fire-proof grade of the traditional plastic floor is not ideal, when a fire disaster occurs, the fire behavior can be expanded, a large amount of smoke can be generated in the burning process, and the rescue difficulty is increased. Based on the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of a high-strength fireproof plastic floor material.
The plastic floor is another name of PVC floor, and the main component is PVC material. The plastic floor is a novel light floor decoration material which is very popular in the world at present, and is also called as a light floor material. The product is a widely popular product in European, American and Asia in Japan and Korean, is popular abroad, enters the Chinese market from the beginning of the 80 s, is generally accepted in domestic large and medium cities so far, and is widely used in various places such as indoor families, hospitals, schools, office buildings, factories, public places, supermarkets, businesses, stadiums and the like. In the existing plastic floor, the plasticizer usually adopts phthalate which plays a role similar to estrogen in human bodies and animal bodies, can interfere endocrine, reduces the amount of sperms and the number of sperms of men, has low sperm movement capability and abnormal sperm morphology, can cause testicular cancer seriously, and is the 'main cause' of the reproduction problem of men. Moreover, this substance enters the body through the respiratory system and skin of women, and if used excessively, increases the chance of women suffering from breast cancer, and also endangers the reproductive system of their future-bearing babies in men. In addition, the prior plastic floor has the problems of high construction foundation requirement, fear of smoke head burning, fear of scratching of sharp devices, poor pollution resistance, necessity of periodical waxing maintenance and the like.
The floor is divided into 2 types of coiled material floors and sheet floors in form; the coiled floor is a roll of soft floor, the width of which is 1.5 meters, 1.83 meters, 2 meters, 3 meters, 4 meters, 5 meters and the like, the length of each roll is 7.5 meters, 15 meters, 20 meters, 25 meters and the like, and the total thickness is 1.6mm-3.2mm (only for commercial floors, the thickness of the sports floor can reach 4mm, 5mm, 6mm and the like). The sheet floor has more specifications and is mainly divided into strip-shaped materials and square materials.
The structure mainly comprises 2 types of compound body types and homogeneous body types, and the other type is a semi-homogeneous body type; the composite PVC floor is of a multi-layer structure, and the composite coiled material is generally formed by laminating 4-5 layers of structures and generally comprises a wear-resistant layer (containing UV treatment), a printing film layer, a glass fiber layer, an elastic foaming layer, a base layer and the like. The composite sheet is generally laminated from 3-4 layers, and generally comprises a wear layer (containing UV treatment), a printed film layer, a stabilizing layer, and a base layer. The homogeneous PVC floor is homogeneous from top to bottom regardless of coiled materials or sheets, namely, the homogeneous PVC floor is made of the same material and has the same design and color from top to bottom.
The application numbers are: 201610621659.8 discloses a middle material layer of an environment-friendly plastic floor and a plastic floor, which adopt biomass vegetable oil as a plasticizer, the compatibility of the biomass vegetable oil and polyvinyl chloride is good, the biomass vegetable oil has better flexibility, light resistance, weather resistance, innocuity and easy degradation, thereby the prepared middle material layer and the plastic floor are safe and environment-friendly, the cost of the biomass vegetable oil is lower, and the material cost can be effectively controlled. However, the biomass vegetable oil is heavy, oil is easy to overflow, and the biomass vegetable oil is easy to solidify at low temperature, so that the quality of the plastic floor is seriously influenced. And does not overcome the problem of poor stain resistance of the traditional plastic floor.
At present, plastic floor boards exist: low hardness, poor wear resistance, non-ideal flame retardant property and the like.
Therefore, the invention of the excellent plastic floor has positive significance to the field of plastic floors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems that the existing common plastic floor is low in hardness, poor in wear resistance and poor in flame retardance, and the reinforcing effect is poor due to the fact that a nano material is easy to agglomerate in a plastic matrix in a common nano material reinforcing means, and provides a preparation method of a wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:
weighing polyvinyl chloride, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dimethyl phthalate, silicone-acrylic emulsion with solid content of 40%, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and self-made reinforcing material, adding into a mixing roll, mixing, and extruding and granulating by using a double-screw extruder to obtain the wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material;
the preparation steps of the self-made reinforcing material are as follows:
(1) putting the modified cotton-flax fibers into an ultrasonic oscillator, adding a sodium silicate solution with the mass fraction of 10% into the ultrasonic oscillator, and ultrasonically oscillating and dipping for 30-40 min at the frequency of 25-35 kHz;
(2) after the ultrasonic oscillation dipping is finished, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 1 mol/L into an ultrasonic oscillator, adjusting the pH to 2.0-3.0, continuing to carry out ultrasonic oscillation dipping for 30-50 min at the frequency of 30-40 kHz, and after the oscillation dipping is finished, heating to raise the temperature for reaction and taking out to obtain a prefabricated reinforcing material;
(3) mixing the obtained prefabricated reinforcing material with an ammonium polyphosphate solution with the mass fraction of 40%, putting the mixture into an ultrasonic oscillator, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation and impregnation for 12-16 h at the frequency of 30-40 kHz, and filtering and separating after the impregnation is finished to obtain an impregnated filter cake, namely the self-made reinforcing material;
the preparation steps of the modified cotton-flax stalk are as follows:
(1) weighing cotton and flax stems, putting the cotton and flax stems into a grinder, grinding for 20-30 min to obtain crushed cotton and flax stems, mixing the crushed cotton and flax stems with a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 10 g/L and hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 6 g/L, putting the mixture into a water bath kettle, adding sodium silicate and sodium polyphosphate into the water bath kettle, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) raising the temperature of the water bath kettle to 90-95 ℃, carrying out heat preservation and pre-oxidation treatment for 1-2 hours, filtering and separating to obtain filter residue after the pre-oxidation treatment is finished, mixing the filter residue and deionized water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, putting the mixture into a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, carrying out high-temperature high-pressure heat treatment, and washing the mixture with hot water at the temperature of 80 ℃ after the treatment is finished to obtain the modified cotton-flax fiber.
In the specific preparation steps of the wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material, by weight, 70-80 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10-12 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 0.5-0.8 part of dimethyl phthalate, 10-12 parts of silicone-acrylate emulsion with the solid content of 40%, 0.3-0.5 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 15-20 parts of self-made reinforcing material are added.
In the specific preparation steps of the wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material, the mixing temperature is 130-150 ℃, and the mixing time is 3-8 min.
In the step (1) of preparing the self-made reinforcing material, the addition amount of a sodium silicate solution with the mass fraction of 10% is 15-20 times of the mass of the modified cotton-flax fibers.
In the step (2) of preparing the self-made reinforcing material, the temperature of the heating and temperature-raising reaction is 170-180 ℃, and the time of the heating and temperature-raising reaction is 1-2 hours.
In the step (3) of preparing the self-made reinforcing material, the mass ratio of the prefabricated reinforcing material to the ammonium polyphosphate solution with the mass fraction of 40% is 1: 10.
In the step (1) of preparing the modified cotton-flax stems, the mass ratio of the crushed cotton-flax stems to the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 10 g/L and the hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 6 g/L is 1:10: 5.
In the step (1) of preparing the modified cotton-flax stems, the adding amount of sodium silicate is 2% of the mass of the crushed cotton-flax stems, and the adding amount of sodium polyphosphate is 2% of the mass of the cotton-flax stems.
In the step (2) of preparing the modified cotton and flax stalk, the pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure heat treatment is 0.5-0.7 MPa, the temperature of the high-temperature high-pressure heat treatment is 180-200 ℃, and the time of the high-temperature high-pressure heat treatment is 2-4 hours.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) firstly, using cotton and hemp stems as raw materials, pulverizing the cotton and hemp stems, carrying out oxidation treatment and high-temperature high-pressure treatment to prepare modified cotton and hemp fibers, then soaking the modified cotton and hemp fibers in a sodium silicate solution, adding acid to react to obtain a prefabricated reinforcing material, mixing the prefabricated reinforcing material with an ammonium polyphosphate solution, soaking to obtain a self-made reinforcing material, finally mixing the self-made reinforcing material with polyvinyl chloride, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, a silicone-acrylic emulsion, the self-made reinforcing material and the like, extruding and granulating to obtain the wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material. In the process, the hydrolysate can be condensed or condensed (resinified), so that the cotton-flax fiber can be resinified through high-temperature and high-pressure reaction, the compatibility between the fiber and the plastic matrix is increased, the surface viscosity of the resinified fiber is improved, the orthosilicic acid precipitate generated in the subsequent reaction process with sodium silicate and hydrochloric acid can be more firmly fixed, the fixed orthosilicic acid precipitate is hydrolyzed under the heating condition to generate nano silicon dioxide to be deposited on the fiber surface in situ, the steric hindrance on the fiber surface can prevent the nano silicon dioxide from agglomerating, the dispersibility of the nano silicon dioxide in the plastic matrix is better, the reinforcing effect is exerted to the maximum extent, the hardness and the wear resistance of the plastic floor are effectively improved, and secondly, the prefabricated reinforcing material and the ammonium polyphosphate solution are mixed and impregnated to obtain the self-made reinforcing material, the cotton-flax fiber is a natural cellulose fiber, the composite material is a polyol, the ammonium polyphosphate can promote the polyol to form carbon, phosphoric acid or polyphosphoric acid released by the ammonium polyphosphate when the ammonium polyphosphate is burnt and heated can react with hydroxyl groups to generate phosphate ester, flame-retardant carbon dioxide and water are released when phosphorized cellulose is decomposed, splitting of a glycoside is inhibited, solid residues contain a large amount of unsaturated substances due to dehydration reaction and are excellent precursors of aromatic carbon, and a quickly accumulated carbon layer becomes a protective layer to prevent further combustion, so that the flame retardant property of the plastic floor material is improved by adding the self-made reinforcing material, and the composite material has wide application prospect.
Detailed Description
Mixing the ground material with 10 g/L parts of sodium hydroxide solution and 6 g/L parts of hydrogen peroxide according to a mass ratio of 1:10:5, putting the mixture into a water bath, adding 2% by mass of sodium silicate and 2% by mass of sodium polyphosphate into the water bath, stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution, raising the temperature of the water bath to 90-95 ℃, carrying out heat preservation and pre-oxidation treatment for 1-2 hours, filtering and separating to obtain filter residue, mixing the filter residue with deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1:10, putting the mixture into a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, carrying out high-temperature high-pressure heat treatment for 2-4 hours under a pressure of 0.5-0.7 MPa and a temperature of 180-200 ℃, washing with 80 ℃ hot water after the treatment to obtain modified cotton-flax fibers, putting the modified cotton-flax fibers into an ultrasonic oscillator, adding 15-20 times by mass of 10% of flame-retardant sodium silicate into the ultrasonic oscillator, adding 25-35 kHz of 25 ℃ of 10% by mass of modified cotton-20 times of fibers, carrying out ultrasonic mixing, adding the mixture into a self-prepared polypropylene fiber mixer, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation and mixing, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 0.3-40 minutes, adding the prepared ethylene-30, carrying out ultrasonic mixing, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 10-3, carrying out ultrasonic mixing, adding the ultrasonic mixing, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 10-3, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation for 10-20 minutes, adding the ultrasonic mixing, carrying out the ultrasonic mixing for 10-3, carrying out ultrasonic processing, carrying out the ultrasonic processing, carrying out ultrasonic mixing for 10-3, adding the ultrasonic processing, carrying out the ultrasonic processing for 10-3 mixing for 10 minutes, carrying out the ultrasonic processing, adding the ultrasonic processing for 10-3 mixing for 10 minutes, carrying out the ultrasonic processing for 10-3 mixing for 10-3, adding the ultrasonic processing for 10 minutes, carrying out the ultrasonic processing for 10 minutes, adding the ultrasonic processing for 10-3 minutes, carrying out.
Example 1
Preparing a mixed solution:
weighing cotton and flax stems, putting the cotton and flax stems into a grinder, grinding for 20min to obtain crushed cotton and flax stems, mixing the crushed cotton and flax stems with a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 10 g/L and hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 6 g/L according to the mass ratio of 1:10:5, putting the mixture into a water bath kettle, adding sodium silicate with the mass of 2% of the crushed cotton and flax stems and sodium polyphosphate with the mass of 2% of the crushed cotton and flax stems into the water bath kettle, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
preparing modified cotton-flax fibers:
raising the temperature of the water bath kettle to 90 ℃, carrying out heat preservation and pre-oxidation treatment for 1h, filtering and separating to obtain filter residue after the pre-oxidation treatment is finished, mixing the filter residue and deionized water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, putting the mixture into a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, carrying out high-temperature high-pressure heat treatment for 2h at the temperature of 180 ℃ under the pressure of 0.5MPa, and washing the mixture with hot water at the temperature of 80 ℃ after the treatment is finished to obtain modified cotton-flax fibers;
preparing a prefabricated reinforcing material:
adding the modified cotton-flax fiber into an ultrasonic oscillator, adding a sodium silicate solution with the mass fraction of 10 percent, which is 15 times of the mass of the modified cotton-flax fiber, into the ultrasonic oscillator, and ultrasonically oscillating and dipping at the frequency of 25kHz for 30min, after the ultrasonic oscillation and dipping are finished, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 1 mol/L into the ultrasonic oscillator, adjusting the pH to 2.0, continuously ultrasonically oscillating and dipping at the frequency of 30kHz for 30min, after the ultrasonic oscillation and dipping are finished, heating to 170 ℃, carrying out heat preservation reaction for 1h, and taking out to obtain a prefabricated reinforcement;
preparing a self-made reinforcing material:
mixing the prepared reinforcing material and an ammonium polyphosphate solution with the mass fraction of 40% according to the mass ratio of 1:10, putting the mixture into an ultrasonic oscillator, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation and impregnation for 12 hours at the frequency of 30kHz, and after the impregnation is finished, filtering and separating to obtain an impregnated filter cake, namely the self-prepared reinforcing material;
preparing a wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material:
weighing 70 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 0.5 part of dimethyl phthalate, 10 parts of silicone-acrylic emulsion with the solid content of 40%, 0.3 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 15 parts of the self-made reinforcing material, adding the materials into a mixing roll, mixing for 3min at 130 ℃, and extruding and granulating by a double-screw extruder after mixing is finished to obtain the wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material.
Example 2
Preparing a mixed solution:
weighing cotton and flax stems, putting the cotton and flax stems into a grinder, grinding for 25min to obtain crushed cotton and flax stems, mixing the crushed cotton and flax stems with a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 10 g/L and hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 6 g/L according to the mass ratio of 1:10:5, putting the mixture into a water bath kettle, adding sodium silicate with the mass of 2% of the crushed cotton and flax stems and sodium polyphosphate with the mass of 2% of the crushed cotton and flax stems into the water bath kettle, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
preparing modified cotton-flax fibers:
raising the temperature of the water bath to 92.5 ℃, carrying out heat preservation and pre-oxidation treatment for 1.5h, filtering and separating to obtain filter residue after the pre-oxidation treatment is finished, mixing the filter residue and deionized water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, putting the mixture into a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, carrying out high-temperature high-pressure heat treatment for 3h at the temperature of 190 ℃ under the pressure of 0.6MPa, and washing the mixture with hot water at the temperature of 80 ℃ after the treatment is finished to obtain modified cotton-flax fibers;
preparing a prefabricated reinforcing material:
putting the modified cotton-flax fibers into an ultrasonic oscillator, adding a sodium silicate solution with the mass fraction of 10 percent, which is 17.5 times of the mass of the modified cotton-flax fibers, into the ultrasonic oscillator, and ultrasonically oscillating and dipping for 35min at the frequency of 30kHz, after the ultrasonic oscillation and dipping are finished, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 1 mol/L into the ultrasonic oscillator, adjusting the pH to 2.5, continuously ultrasonically oscillating and dipping for 40min at the frequency of 35kHz, after the ultrasonic oscillation and dipping are finished, heating to 175 ℃, preserving heat and reacting for 1.5h, and then taking out to obtain a prefabricated reinforcement material;
preparing a self-made reinforcing material:
mixing the prepared reinforcing material and an ammonium polyphosphate solution with the mass fraction of 40% according to the mass ratio of 1:10, putting the mixture into an ultrasonic oscillator, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation and impregnation for 14 hours at the frequency of 35kHz, and filtering and separating the mixture after the impregnation to obtain an impregnated filter cake, namely the self-prepared reinforcing material;
preparing a wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material:
weighing 75 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 11 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 0.65 part of dimethyl phthalate, 11 parts of silicone-acrylic emulsion with the solid content of 40%, 0.4 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 17.5 parts of the self-made reinforcing material, adding the materials into a mixing roll, mixing for 4.5min at the temperature of 140 ℃, and extruding and granulating by using a double-screw extruder after mixing is finished to obtain the wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material.
Example 3
Preparing a mixed solution:
weighing cotton and flax stems, putting the cotton and flax stems into a grinder, grinding for 30min to obtain crushed cotton and flax stems, mixing the crushed cotton and flax stems with a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 10 g/L and hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 6 g/L according to the mass ratio of 1:10:5, putting the mixture into a water bath kettle, adding sodium silicate with the mass of 2% of the crushed cotton and flax stems and sodium polyphosphate with the mass of 2% of the crushed cotton and flax stems into the water bath kettle, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
preparing modified cotton-flax fibers:
raising the temperature of the water bath to 95 ℃, carrying out heat preservation and pre-oxidation treatment for 2h, filtering and separating to obtain filter residue after the pre-oxidation treatment is finished, mixing the filter residue and deionized water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, putting the mixture into a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, carrying out high-temperature high-pressure heat treatment for 4h at the temperature of 200 ℃ under the pressure of 0.7MPa, and washing the mixture with hot water at the temperature of 80 ℃ after the treatment is finished to obtain modified cotton-flax fibers;
preparing a prefabricated reinforcing material:
putting the modified cotton-flax fibers into an ultrasonic oscillator, adding a sodium silicate solution with the mass fraction of 10 percent, which is 20 times of the mass of the modified cotton-flax fibers, into the ultrasonic oscillator, and ultrasonically oscillating and soaking for 40min at the frequency of 35kHz, after the ultrasonic oscillation and soaking are finished, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 1 mol/L into the ultrasonic oscillator, adjusting the pH to 3.0, continuously ultrasonically oscillating and soaking for 50min at the frequency of 40kHz, after the ultrasonic oscillation and soaking are finished, heating to 180 ℃, preserving heat and reacting for 2h, and taking out to obtain a prefabricated reinforcement;
preparing a self-made reinforcing material:
mixing the prepared reinforcing material and an ammonium polyphosphate solution with the mass fraction of 40% according to the mass ratio of 1:10, putting the mixture into an ultrasonic oscillator, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation and impregnation for 16h at the frequency of 40kHz, and filtering and separating after the impregnation is finished to obtain an impregnated filter cake, namely the self-prepared reinforcing material;
preparing a wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material:
weighing 80 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride, 12 parts by weight of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 0.8 part by weight of dimethyl phthalate, 12 parts by weight of silicone-acrylic emulsion with solid content of 40%, 0.5 part by weight of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 20 parts by weight of the self-made reinforcing material, adding the mixture into a mixing roll, mixing for 8min at 150 ℃, and extruding and granulating by a double-screw extruder after mixing to obtain the wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material.
Comparative example 1 was prepared essentially the same as example 1 except for the absence of the home-made reinforcement.
Comparative example 2 a plastic flooring material manufactured by puyang corporation.
The performance tests of the plastic flooring materials of the present invention and the comparative examples were performed, and the test results are shown in table 1:
the detection method comprises the following steps:
the tensile strength is tested with reference to the GB/T1040.2 standard.
The flexural strength was tested with reference to the GB/T9341 standard.
The abrasion resistance was tested according to the standard of GB 3960-83.
The flame-retardant rating is referred to:
the flame retardant grade of the plastic is gradually increased from HB, V-2, V-1 to V-0:
1. the lowest flame rating in the HB: U L94 Standard requires a burn rate of less than 40 mm per minute for samples 3 to 13 mm thick, a burn rate of less than 70 mm per minute for samples less than 3 mm thick, or a flame out before the 100 mm mark.
2. V-2: after two 10 second burn tests on the samples, the flame extinguished within 60 seconds. There may be combustion products falling.
3. V-1: after two 10 second burn tests on the samples, the flame extinguished within 60 seconds. No combustible material can fall off.
4. V-0: after two 10 second burn tests on the samples, the flame extinguished within 30 seconds. No combustible material can fall off.
TABLE 1 measurement results of properties of plastic flooring
| Test items | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 |
| Hardness (Shao A) | 56 | 57 | 59 | 37 | 42 |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 74.3 | 75.5 | 76.9 | 40.8 | 45.7 |
| Flexural Strength (MPa) | 125.4 | 126.3 | 127.5 | 84.3 | 93.6 |
| Degree of abrasion resistance (1/cm)2 ） | 23.6 | 24.3 | 25.4 | 19.2 | 21.5 |
| Flame retardant rating | V-1 | V-0 | V-0 | V-2 | V-1 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the wear-resistant and flame-retardant plastic floor material prepared by the invention has the advantages of high floor hardness, good wear resistance, good flame retardance and wide application prospect.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, but rather as the subject matter of the invention is to be construed in all aspects and as broadly as possible, and all changes, equivalents and modifications that fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (9)
1. A preparation method of a wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material is characterized by comprising the following specific preparation steps:
weighing polyvinyl chloride, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, dimethyl phthalate, silicone-acrylic emulsion with solid content of 40%, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and self-made reinforcing material, adding into a mixing roll, mixing, and extruding and granulating by using a double-screw extruder to obtain the wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material;
the preparation steps of the self-made reinforcing material are as follows:
(1) putting the modified cotton-flax fibers into an ultrasonic oscillator, adding a sodium silicate solution with the mass fraction of 10% into the ultrasonic oscillator, and ultrasonically oscillating and dipping for 30-40 min at the frequency of 25-35 kHz;
(2) after the ultrasonic oscillation dipping is finished, dropwise adding hydrochloric acid with the concentration of 1 mol/L into an ultrasonic oscillator, adjusting the pH to 2.0-3.0, continuing to carry out ultrasonic oscillation dipping for 30-50 min at the frequency of 30-40 kHz, and after the oscillation dipping is finished, heating to raise the temperature for reaction and taking out to obtain a prefabricated reinforcing material;
(3) mixing the obtained prefabricated reinforcing material with an ammonium polyphosphate solution with the mass fraction of 40%, putting the mixture into an ultrasonic oscillator, carrying out ultrasonic oscillation and impregnation for 12-16 h at the frequency of 30-40 kHz, and filtering and separating after the impregnation is finished to obtain an impregnated filter cake, namely the self-made reinforcing material;
the preparation steps of the modified cotton-flax stalk are as follows:
(1) weighing cotton and flax stems, putting the cotton and flax stems into a grinder, grinding for 20-30 min to obtain crushed cotton and flax stems, mixing the crushed cotton and flax stems with a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 10 g/L and hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 6 g/L, putting the mixture into a water bath kettle, adding sodium silicate and sodium polyphosphate into the water bath kettle, and stirring and mixing to obtain a mixed solution;
(2) raising the temperature of the water bath kettle to 90-95 ℃, carrying out heat preservation and pre-oxidation treatment for 1-2 hours, filtering and separating to obtain filter residue after the pre-oxidation treatment is finished, mixing the filter residue and deionized water according to the mass ratio of 1:10, putting the mixture into a high-temperature high-pressure reaction kettle, carrying out high-temperature high-pressure heat treatment, and washing the mixture with hot water at the temperature of 80 ℃ after the treatment is finished to obtain the modified cotton-flax fiber.
2. The method for preparing a wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the specific preparation steps of the wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material, by weight, 70-80 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10-12 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, 0.5-0.8 part of dimethyl phthalate, 10-12 parts of silicone-acrylate emulsion with the solid content of 40%, 0.3-0.5 part of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 15-20 parts of self-made reinforcing material are added.
3. The method for preparing a wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the specific preparation steps of the wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material, the mixing temperature is 130-150 ℃, and the mixing time is 3-8 min.
4. The method for preparing a wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1) of preparing the self-made reinforcing material, the addition amount of a sodium silicate solution with the mass fraction of 10% is 15-20 times of the mass of the modified cotton-flax fibers.
5. The method for preparing a wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2) of preparing the self-made reinforcing material, the temperature of the heating and temperature-raising reaction is 170-180 ℃, and the time of the heating and temperature-raising reaction is 1-2 hours.
6. The method for preparing a wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (3) of preparing the self-made reinforcing material, the mass ratio of the prefabricated reinforcing material to the ammonium polyphosphate solution with the mass fraction of 40% is 1: 10.
7. The method for preparing a wear-resistant and flame-retardant plastic floor material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1) of preparing the modified cotton-flax stems, the mass ratio of the crushed cotton-flax stems to the sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 10 g/L and the hydrogen peroxide with the mass concentration of 6 g/L is 1:10: 5.
8. The method for preparing a wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1) of preparing the modified cotton-flax stems, the adding amount of sodium silicate is 2% of the mass of the crushed cotton-flax stems, and the adding amount of sodium polyphosphate is 2% of the mass of the cotton-flax stems.
9. The method for preparing a wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2) of preparing the modified cotton and flax stalk, the pressure of the high-temperature high-pressure heat treatment is 0.5-0.7 MPa, the temperature of the high-temperature high-pressure heat treatment is 180-200 ℃, and the time of the high-temperature high-pressure heat treatment is 2-4 hours.
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| CN202010464410.7A CN111499993A (en) | 2020-05-28 | 2020-05-28 | Preparation method of wear-resistant flame-retardant plastic floor material |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3134580A1 (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2023-10-20 | Valoops | extrudable composition containing PVC and cotton fibers – material and associated products |
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2020
- 2020-05-28 CN CN202010464410.7A patent/CN111499993A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3134580A1 (en) * | 2022-04-19 | 2023-10-20 | Valoops | extrudable composition containing PVC and cotton fibers – material and associated products |
| EP4265682A1 (en) | 2022-04-19 | 2023-10-25 | Valoops | Extrudable composition containing pvc and cotton fibers - material and products thereof |
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