CN111491207A - Video data processing method and device in live broadcast and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Video data processing method and device in live broadcast and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111491207A CN111491207A CN202010309233.5A CN202010309233A CN111491207A CN 111491207 A CN111491207 A CN 111491207A CN 202010309233 A CN202010309233 A CN 202010309233A CN 111491207 A CN111491207 A CN 111491207A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs
- H04N21/44004—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream, rendering scenes according to MPEG-4 scene graphs involving video buffer management, e.g. video decoder buffer or video display buffer
Abstract
The invention provides a method, a device and electronic equipment for processing video data in live broadcasting, which relate to the technical field of data processing.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of data processing technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for processing video data in live broadcast, and an electronic device.
Background
In recent years, with the increase of network bandwidth and the development of multimedia compression coding technology, streaming media technology has been widely used. The current streaming media service in the internet can be roughly divided into two modes from the transmission mode: sequential streaming and real-time streaming. Real-time streaming uses a dedicated streaming server to store multimedia files. When a client initiates a connection and wants to watch a multimedia resource, the multimedia data on the streaming media server is directly transmitted to a player of the client through a proprietary real-time streaming protocol and then played in real time. The application of real-time streaming transmission is still in the development stage at present, and is mainly applied to network live broadcast and on-demand of original film and television.
Currently, Real-time media transmission based on Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) Protocol has many problems: if video data with large data volume encounters network jitter in the transmission process, the video messages are disordered, and the phenomena of mosaic, screen splash and even screen blackness are generated during playing. A common way to solve network jitter is to create a jitter buffer to buffer video data in advance, so that the codec can read video packets in sequence. However, the dynamic cache mode is not sufficient to optimize the packet loss scene, the cache area is often filled with data, the space of the cache area cannot be well utilized, and the play delay is caused, which affects the user experience.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for processing video data in live broadcast and electronic equipment, so as to solve the technical problem of live broadcast delay caused by excessive occupation of buffer area space in the prior art.
In a first aspect, an embodiment provides a method for processing video data in live broadcast, which is applied to a video playing end in live broadcast, and the method includes:
receiving a video data slice, and storing the video data slice in a cache region so as to play the video data slice based on the video data slice in the cache region;
counting a target minimum number of the video data slices in the buffer within a period;
if the target minimum number is larger than the threshold value, adjusting the playing speed of the video data slice in the next period or down-sampling the video data slice in the next period.
In an alternative embodiment, the step of downsampling the video data slice includes:
and deleting a number of video data slices corresponding to the difference in the next period according to the difference between the target minimum number and the threshold.
In an alternative embodiment, the step of deleting a number of video data slices corresponding to the difference in the next period according to the difference between the target minimum number and the threshold includes:
according to the difference value between the target minimum number and the threshold, uniformly deleting a number of video data slices corresponding to the difference value in the next period;
or according to the difference value between the target minimum number and the threshold, sequentially deleting the video data slices corresponding to the difference value in the next period.
In an alternative embodiment, the step of counting the minimum number of video data slices in the buffer during a period includes:
determining the time delay of a specified event in a period;
counting the number of the video data slices in the cache region in a period to obtain an initial minimum number;
determining the target minimum number based on the delay and the initial minimum number.
In an alternative embodiment, the specified event comprises a timestamp error or a CPU switch.
In a second aspect, an embodiment provides a live video data processing apparatus, which is applied to a live video playing end, and the apparatus includes:
the receiving module is used for receiving the video data slices and storing the video data slices in a cache region so as to play the video data slices based on the cache region;
the counting module is used for counting the target minimum number of the video data slices in the cache region in a period;
and the adjusting module is used for adjusting the playing speed of the video data slice in the next period or down-sampling the video data slice in the next period if the target minimum number is larger than the threshold.
In an optional embodiment, the adjusting module includes a downsampling module, configured to delete a number of video data slices corresponding to the difference in a next period according to the difference between the target minimum number and the threshold.
In an alternative embodiment, the statistical module is configured to determine a delay of a specified event within a period;
the counting module is further configured to count the number of the video data slices in the buffer in a period to obtain an initial minimum number;
the statistical module is further configured to determine the target minimum number based on the delay and the initial minimum number.
In a third aspect, an embodiment provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program operable on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of the method described in any one of the foregoing embodiments when executing the computer program.
In a fourth aspect, embodiments provide a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon machine executable instructions which, when invoked and executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the method of any of the preceding embodiments.
The invention provides a method and a device for processing video data in live broadcasting and electronic equipment, wherein the method is applied to a video playing end in live broadcasting, and the received video data slices are stored in a cache region, so that the playing speed of the video data slices in the next period is adjusted or the number of the video data slices in the next period is downsampled based on the statistical condition of the number of the video data slices in the cache region in the period, thereby avoiding the problem of playing delay caused by excessive occupation of the space of the cache region and realizing the beneficial effect of ensuring that the playing is smoother.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for processing video data in live broadcast according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a live video data processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Currently, Real-time media transmission based on Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) Protocol has many problems: if video data with large data volume encounters network jitter in the transmission process, the video messages are disordered, and the phenomena of mosaic, screen splash and even screen blackness are generated during playing. A common way to solve network jitter is to create a jitter buffer to buffer video data in advance, so that the codec can read video packets in sequence.
In the prior art, a generally adopted data structure is a bidirectional linked list or an array, and sequencing and the like are performed according to a sequence of video messages, so that the access efficiency of video data is improved. This data structure has the following disadvantages: the number of the fixed video message is cached by adopting a plurality of groups, so that the storage space is wasted when the network condition is better; the adoption of the bidirectional linked list to dynamically increase and decrease linked list nodes has higher cost for realization and maintenance; in the prior art, a dynamic cache mode is used, the optimization of a packet loss scene is insufficient, a cache region is often filled with data, the space of the cache region cannot be well utilized, too much data in the cache region can cause playing delay, the real-time performance of a live broadcast scene is reduced, and therefore poor user experience is brought.
Based on this, the method, the device and the electronic device for processing video data in live broadcasting provided by the embodiments of the present invention solve the technical problem that live broadcasting is delayed due to too much occupied buffer space in the prior art.
To facilitate understanding of the embodiment, a detailed description is first given of a live video data processing method disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention. The method is applied to a video playing end in live broadcasting, such as an application scenario shown in fig. 1, and includes an anchor end 110, a server end 120, and a video playing end 130. The anchor terminal 110 may be a device capable of being used for live broadcasting, and needs to have video recording and data sending functions, such as a mobile phone with a camera, a computer, and the like. The server side 120 may be used for receiving, sending, storing, etc. of data. The anchor terminal 110 sends the video data to the server terminal 120, and then the server terminal 120 sends the video data to the video playing terminal 130, and the video playing terminal 130 processes the video data by the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
Referring to fig. 2, a flow diagram of a video data processing method in live broadcasting mainly includes the following steps S210 to S230:
s210, receiving video data slices, and storing the video data slices in a cache region so as to play the video data slices based on the cache region;
specifically, the video playing end receives the video data slices transmitted by the server and stores the video data slices in the buffer area, so that the player plays the video data slices in sequence. The video playing terminal may be a client terminal with a playing function, such as a player, or may be a device with a playing function or a device equipped with a playing function client terminal, such as a television, a smart phone, a tablet, and the like. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, a specific form of the video playing end is not limited.
The video data slices may be slices of video data by a certain number of frames. The buffer may refer to a storage space reserved in the memory space by the video playing end, and is used for temporarily storing the video data slice received from the server. The number of video data slices stored in the buffer area is limited, and the player continuously reads the current video data slice from the buffer area and plays the video data slice, so that real-time playing of continuous pictures is realized.
S220, counting the target minimum number of video data slices in a buffer area in a period;
the period may be a period of time, which may be based on specific network conditions. The minimum target number refers to the minimum number of video data slices stored in the buffer, and each minimum target number can be calculated as the playing delay time. And the video playing end counts the number of the least video data slices stored in the buffer area in a period of time.
In some embodiments, step S220 includes:
step A), determining the delay of a specified event in a period;
in some embodiments, the specified event comprises a timestamp error or a CPU switch.
The time stamp can be used for representing the time interval between video frames, and a time stamp error may be generated when the sending end sets the time stamp, so that the time interval between two frames is too small, the number of video data slices sent to the video playing end in the same period of time is increased, the target minimum number of the video data slices in the cache area is increased, and the playing delay caused by the time stamp error belongs to the delay of a specified event.
CPU switching may refer to the system allocating CPUs to tasks in turn in a short time when the number of tasks is greater than the number of CPUs, and not all tasks are running at the same time. Due to CPU switching, data of a video receiving end is not received in real time, and therefore the playing delay caused by the CPU switching also belongs to the delay of a specified event.
B), counting the number of video data slices in a cache region in a period to obtain an initial minimum number;
further, the video playing end may calculate the initial playing delay time based on the number of video data slices in the buffer in the period.
And C), determining a target minimum number based on the time delay and the initial minimum number.
Generally, the sum of the delay of the specified event and the initial play delay time is the final play delay time in the period.
And S230, if the target minimum number is larger than the threshold, adjusting the playing speed of the video data slice in the next period or performing downsampling on the video data slice in the next period.
Further, if the target minimum number is not greater than the threshold, the playing is normal.
The threshold may refer to the number of video data slices that the buffer needs to store when the player plays at normal speed. For example, when the threshold is 1, the player can play at a normal speed, the number of video data slices to be stored in the buffer area at this time is 1, that is, one video data slice sent by the server is received by the video playing end and then stored in the buffer area, and then played by the player, and at this time, the playing speed of the player is equal to the receiving speed of the video playing end and equal to the sending speed of the server.
It should be noted that the implementation of the above example needs to be satisfied on the premise that under the condition of an ideal network state, but when most of the network conditions for watching live broadcast are in a weak network, and the video data slice sent by the video player receiving server is not in time, the player cannot acquire the video data slice in time, which causes the live broadcast to be blocked, so that a threshold value can be set based on the network conditions to satisfy the video playing speed under most of the conditions.
For example, it is counted that the target minimum number in a period of time is 3, which means that the minimum number of the video data slices stored in the buffer area in the period of time is 3, that is, 3 video data slices sent by the server are stored in the buffer area after being received by the video playing end, and the player can only play 1 video at a time, and at this time, if the player still plays at normal speed, the playing delay is caused, that is, the played video is stored in the buffer area but not instantly received by the video playing end. At this time, the playing speed in the next time period needs to be adjusted or the down-sampling processing needs to be performed on the video data in the next time period, so as to solve the problem of live broadcast delay.
In some embodiments, the down-sampling the video data slice in step S230 includes:
and D), deleting a number of video data slices corresponding to the difference in the next period according to the difference between the target minimum number and the threshold.
In particular, downsampling may refer to deleting a slice of video data in the buffer that is more than needed for playback at normal speed during the next time period. For example, it is counted that the target minimum number in a period of time is 3, and the threshold is 0, that is, when the player plays at normal speed, video data slices do not need to be stored in the buffer, but at least 3 video data slices are stored in the buffer in the period, at this time, 3 video data slices exceeding the threshold in the buffer in the next period may be deleted, so as to ensure that the player obtains real-time video data in the buffer, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of playing delay.
In some embodiments, step D) comprises:
step d1), according to the difference value between the target minimum number and the threshold value, uniformly deleting the video data slices of the number corresponding to the difference value in the next period; or performing the following steps:
and d2), according to the difference value between the target minimum number and the threshold, sequentially deleting the number of video data slices corresponding to the difference value in the next period.
According to the method for processing the video data in the live broadcast, the video data slices are stored in the cache region, the playing speed of the video data slices in the next period is adjusted or the number is down-sampled based on the statistical condition of the number of the video data slices in the cache region in the period, so that the problem of playing delay caused by excessive occupation of space of the cache region is avoided, and the beneficial effect of enabling playing to be smoother is achieved.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a device for processing video data in live broadcasting as shown in fig. 3, which is applied to a video playing end in live broadcasting, and includes:
a receiving module 310, configured to receive a video data slice and store the video data slice in a buffer for playing based on the video data slice in the buffer;
a counting module 320, configured to count a target minimum number of video data slices in a buffer in a period;
an adjusting module 330, configured to adjust a playing speed of the video data slice in the next period or perform downsampling on the video data slice in the next period if the target minimum number is greater than the threshold.
In some embodiments, the adjusting module 330 includes a down-sampling module for deleting a number of video data slices corresponding to the difference in the next period according to the difference between the target minimum number and the threshold.
In some embodiments, the statistics module 320 is configured to determine a delay of a specified event within a period;
the counting module 320 is further configured to count the number of video data slices in the buffer in the period, so as to obtain an initial minimum number;
the statistics module 320 is further configured to determine a target minimum number based on the delay and the initial minimum number.
The live video data processing apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application may be specific hardware on a device, or software or firmware installed on a device, or the like. The device provided by the embodiment of the present application has the same implementation principle and technical effect as the foregoing method embodiments, and for the sake of brief description, reference may be made to the corresponding contents in the foregoing method embodiments where no part of the device embodiments is mentioned. It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the foregoing systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again. The live video data processing device provided by the embodiment of the application has the same technical characteristics as the live video data processing method provided by the embodiment of the application, so that the same technical problems can be solved, and the same technical effect can be achieved.
The embodiment of the application further provides an electronic device, and specifically, the electronic device comprises a processor and a storage device; the storage means has stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by the processor, performs the method of any of the above described embodiments.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application, where the electronic device 400 includes: a processor 40, a memory 41, a bus 42 and a communication interface 43, wherein the processor 40, the communication interface 43 and the memory 41 are connected through the bus 42; the processor 40 is arranged to execute executable modules, such as computer programs, stored in the memory 41.
The memory 41 may include a high-speed Random Access Memory (RAM) and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory. The communication connection between the network element of the system and at least one other network element is realized through at least one communication interface 43 (which may be wired or wireless), and the internet, a wide area network, a local network, a metropolitan area network, etc. may be used.
The bus 42 may be an ISA bus, PCI bus, EISA bus, or the like. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one double-headed arrow is shown in FIG. 4, but that does not indicate only one bus or one type of bus.
The memory 41 is used for storing a program, the processor 40 executes the program after receiving an execution instruction, and the method executed by the apparatus defined by the flow process disclosed in any of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention may be applied to the processor 40, or implemented by the processor 40.
The processor 40 may be an integrated circuit chip having signal processing capabilities. In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware or instructions in the form of software in the processor 40. The processor 40 may be a general-purpose processor, and includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; the device can also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a discrete Gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. The various methods, steps and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present invention may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor. The software module may be located in ram, flash memory, rom, prom, or eprom, registers, etc. storage media as is well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory 41, and the processor 40 reads the information in the memory 41 and completes the steps of the method in combination with the hardware thereof.
The computer program product of the readable storage medium provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a computer readable storage medium storing a program code, where instructions included in the program code may be used to execute the method described in the foregoing method embodiment, and specific implementation may refer to the foregoing method embodiment, which is not described herein again.
In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, and for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units through some communication interfaces, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments provided in the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters indicate like items in the figures, and thus once an item is defined in a figure, it need not be further defined or explained in subsequent figures, and moreover, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc. are used merely to distinguish one description from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A method for processing video data in live broadcast is applied to a video playing end in live broadcast, and comprises the following steps:
receiving a video data slice, and storing the video data slice in a cache region so as to play the video data slice based on the video data slice in the cache region;
counting a target minimum number of the video data slices in the buffer within a period;
if the target minimum number is larger than the threshold value, adjusting the playing speed of the video data slice in the next period or down-sampling the video data slice in the next period.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of downsampling the slice of video data comprises:
and deleting a number of video data slices corresponding to the difference in the next period according to the difference between the target minimum number and the threshold.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the step of deleting a number of video data slices corresponding to the difference in the next period according to the difference between the target minimum number and the threshold value comprises:
according to the difference value between the target minimum number and the threshold, uniformly deleting a number of video data slices corresponding to the difference value in the next period;
or according to the difference value between the target minimum number and the threshold, sequentially deleting the video data slices corresponding to the difference value in the next period.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of counting a minimum number of video data slices in the buffer during a period comprises:
determining the time delay of a specified event in a period;
counting the number of the video data slices in the cache region in a period to obtain an initial minimum number;
determining the target minimum number based on the delay and the initial minimum number.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the specified event comprises a timestamp error or a CPU switch.
6. A video data processing device in live broadcast is characterized in that the device is applied to a video playing end in live broadcast, and the device comprises:
the receiving module is used for receiving the video data slices and storing the video data slices in a cache region so as to play the video data slices based on the cache region;
the counting module is used for counting the target minimum number of the video data slices in the cache region in a period;
and the adjusting module is used for adjusting the playing speed of the video data slice in the next period or down-sampling the video data slice in the next period if the target minimum number is larger than the threshold.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the adjusting module comprises a downsampling module for deleting a number of video data slices corresponding to the difference in the next period according to the difference between the target minimum number and the threshold.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the statistics module is configured to determine a delay of a specified event within a period;
the counting module is further configured to count the number of the video data slices in the buffer in a period to obtain an initial minimum number;
the statistical module is further configured to determine the target minimum number based on the delay and the initial minimum number.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program operable on the processor, and wherein the processor implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon machine executable instructions which, when invoked and executed by a processor, cause the processor to execute the method of any of claims 1 to 5.
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| CN112533005A (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-03-19 | 深圳市佳创视讯技术股份有限公司 | Interaction method and system for VR video slow live broadcast |
| CN112533005B (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2022-10-04 | 深圳市佳创视讯技术股份有限公司 | Interaction method and system for VR video slow live broadcast |
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