CN107147921B - Video playing acceleration method and device based on slice and intelligent CDN scheduling - Google Patents
Video playing acceleration method and device based on slice and intelligent CDN scheduling Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs
- H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
- H04N21/234309—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams, manipulating MPEG-4 scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by transcoding between formats or standards, e.g. from MPEG-2 to MPEG-4 or from Quicktime to Realvideo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
- H04N21/231—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion
- H04N21/23103—Content storage operation, e.g. caching movies for short term storage, replicating data over plural servers, prioritizing data for deletion using load balancing strategies, e.g. by placing or distributing content on different disks, different memories or different servers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/25—Management operations performed by the server for facilitating the content distribution or administrating data related to end-users or client devices, e.g. end-user or client device authentication, learning user preferences for recommending movies
- H04N21/262—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists
- H04N21/26208—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints
- H04N21/26216—Content or additional data distribution scheduling, e.g. sending additional data at off-peak times, updating software modules, calculating the carousel transmission frequency, delaying a video stream transmission, generating play-lists the scheduling operation being performed under constraints involving the channel capacity, e.g. network bandwidth
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
- H04N21/27—Server based end-user applications
- H04N21/274—Storing end-user multimedia data in response to end-user request, e.g. network recorder
- H04N21/2743—Video hosting of uploaded data from client
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
- H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
- H04N21/442—Monitoring of processes or resources, e.g. detecting the failure of a recording device, monitoring the downstream bandwidth, the number of times a movie has been viewed, the storage space available from the internal hard disk
- H04N21/44209—Monitoring of downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. bandwidth variations of a wireless network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
- H04N21/80—Generation or processing of content or additional data by content creator independently of the distribution process; Content per se
- H04N21/83—Generation or processing of protective or descriptive data associated with content; Content structuring
- H04N21/845—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments
- H04N21/8456—Structuring of content, e.g. decomposing content into time segments by decomposing the content in the time domain, e.g. in time segments
Abstract
The invention relates to a video playing acceleration method and a video playing acceleration device, which specifically comprise the following steps: the method comprises the steps that video cloud storage service is achieved on a video to be played, wherein the video cloud storage service is achieved by storing various types of video materials uploaded by internet users through web application on a cloud storage service side; completing video self-adaptive transcoding slicing service; dynamically configuring and adjusting CDN nodes; realize triggering formula intelligence section dispatch: distributing and scheduling the video in a CDN network, and adopting an access triggering type reverse proxy mode; and playing the slice video through a full-platform multi-terminal video player. The problem of video on demand acceleration during video on demand is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and equipment for improving video content on-demand fluency on an internet website.
Background
With the development of the internet, simple pictures and text contents cannot meet the expanding browsing requirements of netizens, and video content on demand becomes an important way for netizens to acquire information. However, in general video-on-demand, the playing delay is far longer than that of the contents of common characters and pictures, so that an effective video-on-demand acceleration technology becomes a problem which must be solved by all internet website operators.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an effective video-on-demand acceleration method and device by standardizing transcoding and fragmenting video.
The invention provides a video playing acceleration method, which specifically comprises the following steps:
1) the method comprises the steps that video cloud storage service is achieved on a video to be played, wherein the video cloud storage service is achieved by storing various types of video materials uploaded by internet users through web application on a cloud storage service side;
2) completing video self-adaptive transcoding slicing service: performing standard transcoding and slicing on the video material in the step 1);
3) dynamically configuring and adjusting CDN nodes;
4) realize triggering formula intelligence section dispatch, specifically include: distributing and scheduling the video in a CDN network, and adopting an access triggering type reverse proxy mode;
5) and playing the slice video through a full-platform multi-terminal video player.
In addition, the invention also discloses a video playing accelerating device, which specifically comprises:
1) the video cloud storage service unit is used for realizing video cloud storage service for videos to be played, wherein the video cloud storage service is realized by storing various types of video materials uploaded by internet users through web application at a cloud storage service side;
2) a transcoding slicing service unit, configured to complete a video adaptive transcoding slicing service: performing standard transcoding and slicing on the video material in the step 1);
3) the allocation unit is used for dynamically allocating and adjusting the CDN nodes;
4) the intelligent slice scheduling unit is used for realizing triggered intelligent slice scheduling and specifically comprises: distributing and scheduling the video in a CDN network, and adopting an access triggering type reverse proxy mode;
5) and the playing unit is used for playing the slice video through the full-platform multi-terminal video player.
According to the video playing acceleration method and device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the video is subjected to standardized transcoding and fragmentation, a telescopic intelligent CDN scheduling system is matched, and a corresponding fragment splicing playing function is customized at a player end, so that the operation response time of buffering and dragging and dropping progress is shortened when an internet user requests the video through the player.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a business flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram of an implementation architecture of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The specific technical solution of the invention is as follows: uploading of videos in the network is completed by a user, an accelerated playing address of the videos is obtained after the uploading of the videos is completed, and the user needs to embed a special video player for a CDN (content distribution network) acceleration network in a video playing page, particularly embed a special video player for a CDN acceleration network of an elevator. The specific business flow diagram is shown in fig. 1, and the implementation architecture diagram is shown in fig. 2. The implementation of the invention is divided into five parts as a whole:
1, video cloud storage service
The method is mainly used for storing various types of video materials uploaded by internet users through web applications. Video rate and format have no special requirements, and mainstream video formats such as rmvb, wmv, mkv, avi, mpeg, and MP4 can be uploaded to the cloud storage service. The cloud storage service mainly comprises four sub-modules:
and the external web access interface submodule is used for providing a video uploading interface.
Zookeeper scheduler cluster sub-module: for scheduling the transcoding and slicing procedures described below.
Ceph distributed storage cluster submodule: used for storing original video uploaded by users and video slices which are subject to format standardization and fragmentation. The distributed architecture ensures the horizontal expansion capability of the storage space and the safety of the stored content.
Cassandra index cluster submodule: to provide directory index services for ceph distributed storage.
2, video adaptive transcoding slicing service
In order to ensure the fluency of video playing, all videos are processed by standard transcoding and slicing:
and uploading all original videos to a ceph distributed storage cluster of the cloud storage through an external web interface of the cloud storage service.
And transcoding the slice server cluster, performing format conversion and transcoding of standard formats and code rates on all videos, and generating the mp4 format videos with various standard code rates such as standard definition, high definition, super definition and the like while keeping the original video.
And the transcoding and slicing server cluster is used for segmenting and cutting each transcoded video, and the sizes of all video segments are uniform.
3, CDN network
The bandwidth of each CDN node can be dynamically adjusted, between 100Mbps and 200 Mbps. Each CDN resource node server hardware is configured with a single CPU8 core, enterprise level memory 32GB, and enterprise level 4TB capacity hard disk 2 blocks. The purpose of this configuration is to maximize the utilization of the hard disk and save the cost of other resources such as CPU and memory as much as possible.
A typical CDN network has 50 CDN nodes, a total hard disk capacity of 400T and a CDN maximum bandwidth of 10 Gbps.
4, triggered intelligent slice scheduling
The distribution scheduling of the video in the CDN network adopts an access triggered reverse proxy mode, which is specifically described as follows:
after a player of a client determines the code rate of a requested video, the player selects a corresponding slice of the video with a proper code rate for access according to the playing progress, the player client performs weighted random selection according to the bandwidth load state of CDN nodes in the whole network, and one server which is used as a first server for video slice access attempt is selected from one of 5 CDN node servers with the most idle bandwidth state.
When a certain CDN node receives an access request of a certain video segment, the CDN node firstly judges whether the segment is in a hard disk of the CDN node or not, and if the segment exists, the video segment is directly returned to the player.
If the video clip is not located on the CDN node, the server downloads the video clip from a delivery source (central cloud storage service), and the playing of the video is temporarily redirected to the central cloud storage service before the downloading of the video clip on the CDN node is completed.
And each CDN node periodically checks the access frequency of all video slices on the hard disk, and deletes all slices with the access frequency lower than a certain threshold value, so that the hard disk space is ensured to be occupied by the hot video as much as possible.
5, full platform multi-terminal video player
The playing of the slice video adopts a multi-terminal self-adaptive intelligent video player matched with the CDN network and the intelligent scheduling strategy:
the video player supports various terminal uses, including various mainstream browsers under a PC, mobile phones and tablets of an iOS system, and app embedded on equipment of various android systems.
The video player can automatically select a video with a proper code rate to try to play according to the real bandwidth of the network environment where the user is located.
And in the process of playing the video by the player, the possibility that the video downloading is slowed down or abnormal in the next 30s is predicted in real time, once the next video slice is found to be incapable of being played, the CDN node server is switched immediately, the fault or the CDN node with the low speed is marked in a blacklist within a certain time, and the video browsing of the user is not influenced in the whole process.
Based on the above embodiment, the present invention provides a video playing acceleration method, which specifically includes the following steps:
1) the method comprises the steps that video cloud storage service is achieved on a video to be played, wherein the video cloud storage service is achieved by storing various types of video materials uploaded by internet users through web application on a cloud storage service side;
2) completing video self-adaptive transcoding slicing service: performing standard transcoding and slicing on the video material in the step 1);
3) dynamically configuring and adjusting CDN nodes;
4) realize triggering formula intelligence section dispatch, specifically include: distributing and scheduling the video in a CDN network, and adopting an access triggering type reverse proxy mode;
5) and playing the slice video through a full-platform multi-terminal video player.
In the step 1), the cloud storage service mainly comprises four sub-modules:
the external web access interface sub-module is used for providing a video uploading interface;
zookeeper scheduler cluster sub-module: used for scheduling transcoding and slicing programs;
ceph distributed storage cluster submodule: the system is used for storing original videos uploaded by users and video slices subjected to format standardization and fragmentation;
cassandra index cluster submodule: to provide directory index services for ceph distributed storage.
The step 2) specifically comprises the following steps: and performing format conversion, transcoding and the like of standard formats and code rates on all videos, and performing segmentation cutting on each transcoded video.
The step 4) specifically comprises the following steps:
after a player of a client determines the code rate of a requested video, the player selects a corresponding slice of the video with a proper code rate for access according to the playing progress;
the client player carries out weighted random selection according to the bandwidth load state of CDN nodes in the whole network, and one of N CDN node servers with the most idle bandwidth state is ensured to be selected as a first server for video slice access attempt, wherein N is a positive integer;
when a certain CDN node receives an access request of a certain video segment, the CDN node firstly judges whether the segment is in a hard disk of the CDN node or not, if the segment exists, the video segment is directly returned to a player,
otherwise, the server downloads the video clip from the distribution source.
The step 5) specifically comprises the following steps: the video player can automatically select a video with a proper code rate to try to play according to the real bandwidth of the network environment where the user is located.
In addition, the invention also discloses a video playing accelerating device, which specifically comprises:
1) the video cloud storage service unit is used for realizing video cloud storage service for videos to be played, wherein the video cloud storage service is realized by storing various types of video materials uploaded by internet users through web application at a cloud storage service side;
2) a transcoding slicing service unit, configured to complete a video adaptive transcoding slicing service: performing standard transcoding and slicing on the video material in the step 1);
3) the allocation unit is used for dynamically allocating and adjusting the CDN nodes;
4) the intelligent slice scheduling unit is used for realizing triggered intelligent slice scheduling and specifically comprises: distributing and scheduling the video in a CDN network, and adopting an access triggering type reverse proxy mode;
5) and the playing unit is used for playing the slice video through the full-platform multi-terminal video player.
In the video cloud storage service unit, the cloud storage service mainly comprises four sub-modules:
the external web access interface sub-module is used for providing a video uploading interface;
zookeeper scheduler cluster sub-module: used for scheduling transcoding and slicing programs;
ceph distributed storage cluster submodule: the system is used for storing original videos uploaded by users and video slices subjected to format standardization and fragmentation;
cassandra index cluster submodule: to provide directory index services for ceph distributed storage.
The transcoding slicing service unit is further configured to: performing format conversion and transcoding of standard formats and code rates on all videos and performing segmentation cutting on each transcoded video;
the intelligent slice scheduling unit is further configured to: after a player of a client determines the code rate of a requested video, the player selects a corresponding slice of the video with a proper code rate for access according to the playing progress;
the client player carries out weighted random selection according to the bandwidth load state of CDN nodes in the whole network, and one of N CDN node servers with the most idle bandwidth state is ensured to be selected as a first server for video slice access attempt, wherein N is a positive integer;
when a certain CDN node receives an access request of a certain video segment, the CDN node firstly judges whether the segment is in a hard disk of the CDN node or not, if the segment exists, the video segment is directly returned to a player,
otherwise, the server downloads the video clip from the distribution source.
Still provide a video broadcast acceleration system and a video broadcast acceleration apparatus, the device specifically includes: the number of operations performed by the processor, the memory,
the processor is configured to execute program instructions in the memory to implement the methods described above.
There is also provided a video playback acceleration storage medium having computer program code stored therein for implementing the method as described above.
Compared with the traditional non-slicing video-on-demand technology, the method has the following advantages:
all video standardization processing can avoid the player design complication caused by the non-uniform format disorder of the original video, and improve the browser compatibility and multi-terminal adaptability of the video player
Slicing the video can reduce and standardize the granularity of CDN network delivery, reduce the probability of video transmission failure or retransmission caused by network to burst jitter, and improve the efficiency of CDN network overall delivery
When a user accesses the video, the player can automatically select the video rate suitable for the bandwidth of the user to play, and compared with the traditional video on-demand mode with single code rate, the requirement on the bandwidth rate of the user accessing the internet is lower
When the player plays the video, the next optimal CDN service node can be decided in real time according to the actual video slice downloading speed and the periodic detection of the CDN network state, so that the possibility of video playing pause is reduced
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and certainly can also be implemented by hardware. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.
The foregoing describes in detail the multi-screen pushing method and apparatus provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and a specific example is applied in the present disclosure to explain the principle and the implementation of the present invention, and the description of the foregoing embodiment is only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A video playing acceleration method is characterized in that a user embeds a CDN acceleration network special video player in a video playing page;
the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) storing various types of video materials uploaded by internet users through web application at a cloud storage service side;
2) completing video self-adaptive transcoding slicing service: performing standard transcoding and slicing processing on the video material in the step 1), specifically comprising: uploading all original videos to a ceph distributed storage cluster of cloud storage through an external web interface of the cloud storage service; performing format conversion and transcoding of standard format and code rate on all videos through the transcoding slice server cluster, and performing segmentation cutting on each transcoded video, wherein the size of each segment of video is uniform;
3) dynamically adjusting the bandwidth of each CDN node;
4) realize triggering formula intelligence section dispatch, specifically include: distributing and scheduling the video in a CDN network, and adopting an access triggering type reverse proxy mode; after a player of a client determines the code rate of a requested video, the player selects a corresponding slice of the video with the proper code rate for access according to the playing progress, and the player of the client performs weighted random selection according to the bandwidth load state of CDN nodes in the whole network;
5) playing the slice video through a full-platform multi-terminal video player;
the slice video is played by adopting a multi-terminal self-adaptive intelligent video player matched with the CDN network and an intelligent scheduling strategy; and in the process of playing the video by the player, predicting the possibility that the video downloading in the next specific time is slow or abnormal in real time.
2. The method of claim 1,
in the step 1), the cloud storage service mainly comprises four sub-modules:
the external web access interface sub-module is used for providing a video uploading interface;
zookeeper scheduler cluster sub-module: used for scheduling transcoding and slicing programs;
ceph distributed storage cluster submodule: the system is used for storing original videos uploaded by users and video slices subjected to format standardization and fragmentation;
cassandra index cluster submodule: to provide directory index services for ceph distributed storage.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first and second light sources are selected from the group consisting of,
characterized in that, in the step 4):
the client player performs weighted random selection according to the bandwidth load state of CDN nodes in the whole network, and is used for ensuring that one of N CDN node servers with the most idle bandwidth state is selected as a first server for video slice access attempt, wherein N is a positive integer;
when a certain CDN node receives an access request of a certain video segment, the CDN node firstly judges whether the segment is in a hard disk of the CDN node or not, if the segment exists, the video segment is directly returned to a player,
otherwise, the server downloads the video clip from the distribution source.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the step 5) further comprises the following steps: the video player can automatically select a video with a proper code rate to try to play according to the real bandwidth of the network environment where the user is located.
5. A video playback acceleration apparatus for implementing the method of any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it specifically comprises:
1) the video cloud storage service unit is used for realizing video cloud storage service for videos to be played, wherein the video cloud storage service is realized by storing various types of video materials uploaded by internet users through web application at a cloud storage service side;
2) a transcoding slicing service unit, configured to complete a video adaptive transcoding slicing service: performing standard transcoding and slicing on the video material in the step 1);
3) the allocation unit is used for dynamically allocating and adjusting the CDN nodes;
4) the intelligent slice scheduling unit is used for realizing triggered intelligent slice scheduling and specifically comprises: distributing and scheduling the video in a CDN network, and adopting an access triggering type reverse proxy mode;
5) and the playing unit is used for playing the slice video through the full-platform multi-terminal video player.
6. The apparatus of claim 5,
in the video cloud storage service unit, the cloud storage service mainly comprises four sub-modules:
the external web access interface sub-module is used for providing a video uploading interface;
zookeeper scheduler cluster sub-module: used for scheduling transcoding and slicing programs;
ceph distributed storage cluster submodule: the system is used for storing original videos uploaded by users and video slices subjected to format standardization and fragmentation;
cassandra index cluster submodule: to provide directory index services for ceph distributed storage.
7. The apparatus of claim 6,
the transcoding slicing service unit is further configured to: performing format conversion and transcoding of standard formats and code rates on all videos, and performing segmentation cutting on each transcoded video;
the intelligent slice scheduling unit is further configured to: after a player of a client determines the code rate of a requested video, the player selects a corresponding slice of the video with a proper code rate for access according to the playing progress;
the client player carries out weighted random selection according to the bandwidth load state of CDN nodes in the whole network, and one of N CDN node servers with the most idle bandwidth state is ensured to be selected as a first server for video slice access attempt, wherein N is a positive integer;
when a certain CDN node receives an access request of a certain video segment, the CDN node firstly judges whether the segment is in a hard disk of the CDN node or not, if the segment exists, the video segment is directly returned to a player,
otherwise, the server downloads the video clip from the distribution source.
8. A video playing accelerating device is characterized by specifically comprising: the number of operations performed by the processor, the memory,
the processor is configured to execute program instructions in the memory to implement the method of any of claims 1-4.
9. A video playing acceleration system is characterized in that,
the system comprising an apparatus according to any of claims 5-8.
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| CN110166834B (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2021-08-31 | 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 | Data playing method, device and storage medium |
| CN109246487B (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2021-09-03 | 上海悠络客电子科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent scheduling system |
| CN109361925B (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-07-16 | 浙江远算云计算有限公司 | A kind of video flowing accelerated method based on HEVC transcoding |
| CN109600373B (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2021-08-06 | 深圳市网心科技有限公司 | Live data transmission method, device and system and readable storage medium |
| CN112689171B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2023-06-13 | 创盛视联数码科技（北京）有限公司 | Video playing system |
| CN113965775A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-21 | 武汉博晟安全技术股份有限公司 | Multimedia video safe playing method based on slice and intelligent CDN acceleration |
| CN115002557B (en) * | 2022-05-23 | 2024-01-30 | 北京字跳网络技术有限公司 | Network speed prediction method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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